03 选择性必修三 Unit 2语法：语法精讲精练--不定式做主语（原卷版+解析版）2023-2024学年高二英语下学期期末复习高效突破（人教版2019）

这是一份03 选择性必修三 Unit 2语法：语法精讲精练--不定式做主语（原卷版+解析版）2023-2024学年高二英语下学期期末复习高效突破（人教版2019），文件包含03选择性必修三Unit2语法语法精讲精练--不定式做主语原卷版2023-2024学年高二英语下学期期末复习高效突破人教版2019docx、03选择性必修三Unit2语法语法精讲精练--不定式做主语解析版2023-2024学年高二英语下学期期末复习高效突破人教版2019docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共19页， 欢迎下载使用。
不定式作主语，表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作；在很多情况下，人们通常用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式移到谓语之后，使句子结构显得平稳一些。
T knw smething abut English is ne thing; t knw English is quite anther.
懂一点英语是一回事；掌握英语完全是另一回事。
It is impssible t learn a freign language withut making painstaking effrts.
想不下苦功就学会一门外语是不可能的。
一、动词不定式作主语的功能和意义
1. 不定式具有名词特征，可在句子中充当主语，其谓语动词用单数形式。
T knw neself is difficult.
人很难做到自知。
T lve and t be lved is the greatest happiness ne can get.
爱的同时也被爱是一个人能获得的最大幸福。
2. 动词不定式与动名词作主语的区别
(1)不定式：表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来的动作。
T teach yu the uses f the infinitive is my jb tday.
教你们不定式的用法是我今天的工作。(表具体行为)
(2)动词­ing形式：表示比较抽象的、经常性的、一般性的动作。
Teaching is my jb.
教学是我的工作。(表抽象行为)
【即学即练1】单句语法填空
①____________ (hear) yur vice is s nice.
②____________ (lk) after the safety f the cmmunity is his respnsibility.
③____________ (smke) is prhibited here.
④Hw t cure(cure) this kind f illness is still unknwn.
二、it作形式主语的句型
1. It is＋形容词＋(fr/f sb)＋t d sth
It is necessary fr us t master a freign language.
我们有必要掌握一门外语。
It is very kind f yu t help us.
你帮助我们真是太好了。
【名师点津】区别fr 与f
(1)fr sb 常用于表示事物的特征、特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impssible等。
It’s very hard fr him t study tw languages.
对他来说学两门语言是很难的。
(2)f sb一般表示人物的性格、品质，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如gd, kind, nice, clever, flish, right等。
It’s very nice f yu t help me.
你来帮助我，真是太好了。
2. It is ＋a/an ＋名词(pity/shame/pleasure/hnur...)＋ t d...
It’s a great hnur t be invited t yur birthday party.
很荣幸被邀请参加你的生日聚会。
3. It d sth
It tk me tw hurs t finish the wrk.
我完成那项工作用了两个小时。
【名师点津】在“It is ＋ n use/n gd/useless/fun/enjyable/tiring/interesting/ flish/nice/a waste f time/a pleasure...”句型中，常用动名词形式作真正的主语。
It is n use waiting here ding nthing.
无所事事地等待是没有用的。
【即学即练2】 完成句子
①It seemed selfish f him ________________________.
他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。
②It seems a pity ____________.
拒绝似乎是遗憾的。
③It’s unwise ________________________.
他们拒绝(采纳)这个建议是不明智的。
④It will be a mistake ________________________.
我们不帮助他们将是错误的。
三、“疑问词＋不定式”结构作主语
动词不定式可与疑问词when, where, hw, what, which, wh等组合构成不定式短语，在句子中可作主语。
When t leave has nt been decided.
何时离开还没有定下来。
Hw t find him is still a questin.
如何找到他依然是个问题。
【即学即练3】补全句子
①____________ (下一步做什么) will be discussed in the meeting.
②________________________ (什么时间在哪里举行这次会议) hasn’t been decided.
四、单句语法填空：
1. It tk the wrkers anther 3 days _________ (cmplete) the task, because there was still much wrk t d when the expert left.
2. It’s the duty fr every sldier _________ (defense) ur cuntry against enemies.
3. It can take many years _________ (recver) frm the death f a lved ne.
4. It is apprpriate fr yu __________ (take) measures t relieve pain fr yur father.
5. It is illegal fr yu _________ (d) s, fr the land belngs legally t the gvernment.
6. It’s certainly nt realistic _________ (remve) all plastic frm yur life, but sme statistics may encurage yu t reduce yur single-use plastic ftprints.
7. It tk years f wrk _________ (reduce) the industrial pllutin and clean the water.
8. It is best _________ (place) burns under cl running water, especially within the first ten minutes.
9. It is nt unusual fr teenagers f yur generatin _________ (attract) t cmputer games and nline wrld.
10. It’s up t the travel cmpanies _________ (warn) custmers f any pssible danger.
11. It is n lnger t difficult fr wmen and minrities _________ (get) rles in American film and televisin.
12. Gerge Flyd’s killing was such a mment when white America finally understd hw dangerus it was _________ (be) a Black man in the United States.
13. _________ (wrk) hard utside schl is necessary and imprtant in learning English.
14. “Once peple think yu are bad, it’s hard fr yu _________ (make) yurself believed, n matter what yu’ll say,” father warned his sn.
15. It is easy _________ (imagine) the cnsequences f unchecked plant disease: fd shrtage culd kill millins f peple and cause unrest in the wrld.
16. I was very lucky that it didn’t take me lng _________ (adjust) myself t the envirnment f the new city.
17. N matter hw bright a talker yu are, there are times when it’s better _________ (remain) silent.
18. It’s standard practice fr senir 3 students like us _________ (have) nly 3 day ff during ur Natinal Day hliday.
19. Althugh smetimes it may seem impssible _________ (get) alng as a family, yu can take actin t imprve the situatin.
20. In the past, it was difficult fr us _________ (imagine) hw cnvenient t live with the help f the Internet.
21. It’s wrthwhile _________ (read) literary bks because they can help us t knw mre abut the sciety and life.
22. It is easy _________ (relate) what happened in yur childhd t yur present state f mind.
23. This year, it was hard _________ (tell) whether my prize r the ne chsen by my 14-year-ld brther, Jasn, was the winner.
24. Fr us students, it’s never t early _________ (make) necessary preparatins fr a meaningful cllege experience.
25. It is difficult fr him _________ (cncentrate) n his wrk with s much nise arund.
26. _________ (laugh) at in the presence f all his friends yesterday made him annyed.
27. It desn’t make sense _________ (buy) such a cheap cmputer just t save a few dllars.
28. I need t imprve my ral English, s it is necessary fr me _________ (find) a native speaker t learn frm.
29. It nly tk him a few minutes _________ (slve) the disagreement between him and his clleagues.
30. The schl has nly been pen fr six mnths, s it’s hard _________ (evaluate) its success.
31. It’s a gd traditin _________ (respect) the ld and take gd care f the yung.
32. It is nt wrthwhile _________ (take) the risk f ffending yur bss just t get such a small sum f mney.
33. It’s my great hnur _________ (annunce) that I am running fr chairman f the Students’ Unin.
34. The real jy in life is in the prcess f ding smething. _________ (seize) the mment can let yu enjy yur life.
35. It is imprtant fr peple _________ (master) at least ne freign language in mdern sciety.
36. The bk and the film really shw hw imprtant it is fr humans _________ (prtect) the envirnment.
37. It’s imprtant fr us _________ (pay) attentin t ur health which is the fundatin f ur wrk and learning.
38. A small twn in England is teaching the wrld that it is imprtant _________ (grw) yur wn fd.
39. _________ (design) a great flag is very difficult, as yu are trying t squeeze a whle natin int a small bx.
40. —Which mvie wuld yu like t watch,Tracy ?
— Um..., it’s hard ________ (make) a chice.
41. ________ (play) fair is as imprtant as t play well.
42. ________ (get) there by bike will take us ne and a half hurs.
43. It is very difficult fr me ________ (teach) such a naughty by.
44. It’s really kind f yu ________ (help) me with my English.
45. A lt f emplyees at the cmpany said Eric was impssible ________ (deal) with, and indeed he was tugh.
46. It is never easy ________ bad habits, even with many attempts.
47. It takes a bit f practice ________ (feel) cmfrtable when freigners learn t use chpsticks t eat.
48. It is imprtant fr us ________ (master) the cmputer skills in mdern sciety.
49. It is very imprtant fr us ________ (fcus) n ur maths lessns thugh it is a bit difficult.
50. ________ (pass) the ral exam in English is a little mre difficult jb.
五、高考真题回顾：
1. (2021·全国甲卷) It is pssible ________ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
2. (2019·全国III卷) On ur way t the huse, it was raining s hard that we culdn’t help wndering hw lng it wuld take ________ (get) there.
3. (新课标全国Ⅰ) It tk years f wrk ________ (reduce) the industrial pllutin and clean the water.
【答案与解析】
六、语篇语法填空：
(1)
On a cld evening with snw flating in the air, I gt stuck n the rad because f a flat tire (轮胎). I attempted 1 (seek) help frm the passing cars, but n ne stpped. As I was abut t give up hpe, a man 2 (drive) an ld dirty car came t my aid. T be hnest, I was scared when he first apprached me. Eyeing him up and dwn, I thught t 3 (my), “There is a very gd chance 4 he may rb me.” He seemed t have sensed my discmfrt s he tried t ease my 5 (anxius) by intrducing himself. His act f kindness made me feel ashamed t have questined his 6 (intentin). It was really cnsiderate f him t stp t help a perfect stranger like me, especially in such terrible weather. Thus, after the spare tire 7 (fit), I asked hw much I wed him. I wanted t pay him back. 8 (surprising), he did nt take my ffer but rather tld me t pass the act f kindness frward and help mre peple 9 need. As he said thse wrds, I nticed him wearing a smile f cntentment. Helping thers seemed a very 10 (nature) thing fr him. I witnessed the true beauty f human nature in him.
(2)
In the past cuple f years, videclips f yung Chinese ding traditinal fitness qigng 1 (fld) vide sharing websites, amng which 2 instructinal vide f Baduanjin, a frm f fitness qigng has been played fr mre than 10 millin times and received ver 6,000 cmments n Bilibili, a quality-vide sharing platfrm 3 (target) yung peple.
Baduajin is ne f the ldest health and fitness therapies in China, and it was 4 (riginal) created 800 years ag during the Sng Dynasty (960-1279). The name, literally meaning “eight-sectin brcade”, generally 5 (refer) t hw the eight individual mvements characterize a silken quality t the mvement f the bdy and its energy. Cmpared with mre physically demanding sprts such as the ballgames, swimming r gym wrkuts, Baduanjin is slw and usually accmpanied 6 sft music, 7 it used t be cnsidered as the exclusive sprt fr the elders.
N equipment is necessary and 8 requires very little space r, perhaps mst imprtantly in ur fast-paced lives, time. “I have been ding Baduajin fr abut fur mnths, which makes me sleep better and get strnger. I we big thanks t Baduajin since it gives me a much 9 (healthy) lifestyle,” a yung netizen cmmented belw the vide. But nt all peple are suitable fr practicing Baduanjin. Liu Xiadan, an assciate prfessr at Shanghai University f Traditinal Chinese Medicine, cautined that peple shuld always put 10 (safe) first when ding Baduanjin, and patients wh are weak shuld nt take up this exercise.
(3)
A study, 1 (lead) by the University f St. Andrews, fund a balanced and healthy lifestyle, including becming fitter, having less stress and sleeping 2 (lng) all gave skin a mre healthy-lking clur.
Previus 3 (study) have linked imprvements in skin clur t a gd diet but the latest study als examined 4 relatinship between general health and skin clur.
They measured skin clur with a device that recrded hw a rainbw f clurs was reflected frm the skin and fund that bth high 5 (fit) and lw bdy fat were assciated with a higher skin yellwness.
The research team als assessed whether a change in health changed skin appearance. They 6 (fllw) 59 students frm sprts clubs t measure the training effect 7 their skin.
They fund thse 8 became healthier r lst bdy fat shwed an increase in skin yellwness. Scientists cncluded that exercise and healthy eating were lw-cst ways f imprving yur skin. Any effrt 9 (imprve) lifestyle wuld benefit the skin within a 10 (relative) shrt time.
(4)
Is Breakfast Really S Imprtant?
Have yu ever heard smene say, “Breakfast is the mst imprtant meal f the day”, r give yu advice 1 why it’s vital t start the day with a healthy breakfast? It seems that this feast, fr many f us, is necessary fr ur day 2 (start) well, but is it really that imprtant?
The wrd “breakfast” cmes frm “breaking the fast”—the idea f ending the perid in which we didn’t eat during the night. The regeneratin prcess that takes place while we sleep cnsumes sme f ur natural fd reserves t heal ur bdies. Breakfast gives us 3 pprtunity t replenish (补充，补足) thse depleted stres f things like prtein and calcium. S, in that way, a healthy breakfast makes sense.
There are als many ften 4 (qute) studies which seem t crrelate a state f besity with 5 (skip) breakfast. In fact, it leads many health experts t advise a healthy breakfast t nt nly regulate but als lse weight. In a US study, 50,000 peple 6 (mnitr) fr ver seven years, and thse wh ate a healthy breakfast were fund t have a lwer BMI, which seems t suggest that breakfast may indeed help peple maintain a healthy weight.
But it might nt be as simple as that. Sme experts, like Alexandra Jhnstne, prfessr f appetite research at the University f Aberdeen, suggest thse 7 skip breakfast might be less aware f healthy diets and nutritin, and peple wh eat breakfast might have a 8 (healthy) lifestyle verall—exercising and nt smking, fr example. And with the rise in 9 (ppular) f intermittent (间歇性) fasting t lse weight, there may als be sme benefits t skipping breakfast. Intermittent fasting can imprve bld sugar cntrl, insulin (胰岛素) sensitivity, and lwer bld pressure.
S, 10 breakfast has its benefits, it might nt be the mst imprtant meal. It seems that a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet might be mre imprtant fr many f us than just ne single meal.
(5)
Pan Shixue, a silversmith (银匠) in Malia village in Guizhu Prvince, used t dream f peple living 1 abundant life in his village, where nbdy has t wrk far away frm hme and custmers g there fr beautiful silver jewellery. Nw his dream has cme true.
Malia village is famus fr its silver jewellery. In fact, Mia ethnic silversmith technique 2 (list) as China’s natinal­level intangible cultural heritage in 2006. But with cheaper, machine­made trinkets (小首饰) 3 (rule) the market, they culdn’t rely n the ld technique t survive.
At that time mst peple in the village lived under the pverty line, 4 means they culd simply affrd fd and basic clthing, but seldm purchase things like bicycles r televisins. S many villagers left their hmetwn 5 (hpeless). But in 2018, the gvernment allcated 580,000 yuan f pverty relief funds 6 (set) up the Silverware and Embridery Wrkshp f Malia Village, helping Malia villagers fight pverty 7 their wn crafts.
Since that year, mst yung craftsmen 8 (return) t their hmetwn and fund a bright future. With the help f the gvernment, they learnt 9 (fashin) trends and hw t meet clients’ varius 10 (request). Instead f hlding n t ld ideas and existing design, villagers enhanced their skills and made their prducts custmised.