新高考英语一轮复习词汇灾害防范练习含答案

这是一份新高考英语一轮复习词汇灾害防范练习含答案，共9页。
词汇清单
名词
acid 酸
ambulance 救护车
brick 砖;砖块
charity 慈善;慈善机构
clumn 圆柱;专栏
crisis 危机;危急关头
death 死;死亡
destinatin 目的地;终点
disaster 灾难;灾害
earthquake 地震
effect 效果,影响
effrt 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
emergency 突发事件;紧急情况
exprt 出口;出口产品
fld 洪水,水灾
fund 基金;专款
hurricane 飓风
imprt 进口;输入的产品
kit 成套工具;成套设备
lap (坐着时的)大腿部
mtin 运动;移动
midnight 子夜,午夜
needle 针;注射针
peratr 电话接线员;操作员
percent 百分之……
pipe 管子;管道
pwer 电力供应;能量
prperty 所有物,资产,财产
shelter 住处;庇护;避难所
shck 震惊;休克
staff 全体职工;管理人员
stair 楼梯;梯级
suburb 郊区;城外
supply 供应量;储备;补给
threat 威胁
trunk 树干
trnad 龙卷风
tsunami 海啸
typhn 台风
victim 受害者;患者
vlcan 火山
ward 病房
wave 海浪;波浪
welfare 幸福;福祉;福利
动词
aid 帮助,援助
bleed 流血;失血
chke (使)窒息;(使)哽咽
cllapse (突然)倒塌;昏倒
crash 碰撞;撞击
delay 推迟;耽误
dnate 捐赠,捐献
ease (使)宽慰;减轻
erupt (火山)爆发,喷发
exit 出去,退场
frecast 预测,预报
interrupt 打断;打扰
panic (使)惊慌
react (对……)作出反应
rescue 营救;救援
scare 惊吓,害怕
slide (使)滑行;滑动
slip 滑倒;滑落;溜走
strike 侵袭;突击;击打
survive 生存;存活
swallw 吞下;咽下
sweep 打扫;清扫
trap 使落入险境;使陷入圈套
wrap 包,裹;(用手臂等)围住
形容词
calm 镇静的;沉着的
desperate 绝望的;孤注一掷的
electric 电的,用电的,电动的
lse 松的;未系紧的
dd 奇特的,古怪的
practical 实际的;实践的
sharp 灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的
tight 牢固的;紧的;紧身的
副词
dwnstairs 在楼下,往楼下
immediately 即刻,马上
therwise 否则,要不然
即练即清
一、单句填空
1. The mst (pwer) earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday, killing mre than 6,500 peple...(人教B1U4)
2. Yes, each summer in Lndn definitely seems htter than the last. I suddenly feel a bit (scare). Perhaps nw is the time t start planning fr the future?(外研B3U6)
3. If yu (trap), dn't be panic. D nt mve abut. Use a cellphne, knck n pipes r walls, r use a whistle, if yu have ne.(重大B2U5)
4. Unfrtunately, in 1995 disaster (strike) Reeve. While hrseback riding, he was thrwn ff his hrse and brke his neck.(北师大B2U6)
5. Chen Wei, a high schl student in Beijing, had his dinner (interrupt) when he heard smene screaming frm anther table.(人教XB2U5)
6. Ding the Heimlich maneuvre(海姆利希急救法) is quick, (practice), and easy. It is s easy, in fact, that almst anyne can learn hw.(人教XB2U5)
7. When we (rescue), we felt such relief and jy that many f us culd nt hide ur tears.(人教XB3U4改)
8. Befre we abandned the ship, Shackletn (calm) called us tgether and tld us t rescue ur mst essential supplies—the small bats, ur fd, the ck stve, candles, clthes,and blankets.(人教XB3U4)
9. Because f their small size and sharp sense f smell, dgs can lcate (survive) much faster than humans can.(译林B3U2)
10. Chking (victim) usually have nly abut fur minutes befre they cllapse and smetimes die.(人教XB2U5)
11. Her students' (react) was quick and crrect—they mved under their desks, head first, and held n t the legs f the desks.(译林B3U2)
12. Mre than 10,000 dctrs and nurses came t prvide medical care. Wrkers built
(shelter) fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed.(人教B1U4)
13. The wrst (erupt) in human histry was prbably Mt Tambra in 1815, in Indnesia. Dust frm the vlcan rlled acrss the Earth's skies.(北师大XB1U3)
14. Experts warn that a single quake culd cause the (die) f up t 3 millin peple in sme verppulated cities.(重大B2U5)
15. Even mre buildings fell dwn. Water, fd, and (electric) were hard t get. Peple began t wnder hw lng the disaster wuld last.(人教B1U4)
16. Mst disaster experts believe that things culd get a lt wrse. Prfessr Hu Ming f Peking University studies (vlcan). He warns that the wrld has nt seen the wrst yet.(北师大XB1U3)
17. An earthquake can have damaging effects ur hmes, prperty, envirnment, and especially life.(重大B2U5)
18. A fellw diner at the restaurant, Zhang Ta, (chke) n sme steak. He was nw hlding his thrat with his face turning red...(人教XB2U5)
19. They can use mats t prevent children (slip) n flrs, especially in the bathrm.(2023福建厦门一中期中)
20. Gergia rushed t the nearest medicine shp t buy sme bandages fr the wman t stp the (bleed).(2023河南商开大联考期末)
21. A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity f drughts have led t an estimated 75 percent f Tunisia's agricultural lands (threat) by desertificatin.(2023辽宁大连八中期中)
22. Nina pened the newspaper ne mrning and was (shck) t read that thusands f dgs had lst their hmes because f the strm.(2023广西南宁期末)
答案
1. pwerful 2. scared 3. are trapped 4. struck 5. interrupted 6. practical 7. were rescued 8. calmly 9. survivrs 10. victims 11. reactin 12. shelters 13. eruptin
14. death15. electricity 16. vlcanes/vlcans 17. n/upn 18. was chking
19. slipping 20.bleeding 21. being threatened 22. shcked
二、语境运用
阅读下面材料,根据提示补全短文。
(A)
Sme rules are universal fr mst natural disasters. Have a basic 1. (survive) kit t prvide yu 2. the mst imprtant things just in case. Remember yu will need t have enugh fd, water and ther 3. (supply) fr at least 72 hurs after the disaster.
Once yu have everything set, yu are well-prepared fr whatever disaster r
4. (emerge) that hits.(沪外XB2U4改)
(B)
During an Earthquake, if yu are inside a building:
Stay 5. yu are until the shaking stps. D nt head fr the drway as this des nt prvide prtectin frm falling r flying bjects, and yu may nt be able t remain 6. (stand). D nt use the elevatr r lift. Cver yur head and neck with yur arms 7. (prtect) yurself frm falling things. Stay away frm glass, windws 8. anything that culd fall. Hld n t any strng cvering s that yu can mve with it until the shaking stps.
If yu are utside:
When yu feel the shaking, mve away frm buildings, streetlights, trees and electric 9. (wire). Once in the pen, “Drp, Cver and Hld On.” Stay there until the shaking stps. If yu are in a mving vehicle when yu feel the shaking, stp as quickly and 10. (safe) as pssible and stay in the vehicle.(重大B2U5改)
答案
1. survival 2. with 3. supplies 4. emergency 5. where 6. standing 7. t prtect
8. and 9. wires 10. safely
写作提升练
一段续写
阅读短文,依据故事情节并结合下方问题提示续写故事,词数80左右。
The day began like any ther n Gldshre Beach. Peple were walking, running r simply sitting n the sandy beach, enjying the warm sea air and the sft wind that brushed their hair. Sabrina, a 10-year-ld girl, tgether with her parents, was ne f the happy turists until she nticed smething dd. The water was like the bubbles n the tp f a beer. It wasn't calm and it wasn't ging in and then ut. It was just cming in and in and in. Sabrina had just learnt abut tsunamis in a Gegraphy lessn. It immediately ccurred t her that these were signs f an appraching tsunami.
(译林B3U2改)
问题:1. Hw did Sabrina feel when she was aware f the appraching tsunami?
2. What did Sabrina d?
3. Was there really a tsunami? Was the peple n the beach saved?
要求:1. 仿照材料写作手法续写故事;
2. 内容应涉及材料中的相关信息;
3. 条理清晰,表达流畅,情节完整。




答案
One pssible versin:
Sabrina felt very frightened, but she sn kept her head. She warned her parents f the danger, thugh at first they just thught she was jking. Hwever, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was n its way and kept asking her parents t talk t a safety fficer. T her great relief, the fficer immediately realized the cming danger and the beach was rapidly cleared f peple, just befre the huge waves crashed int the cast. Thanks t Sabrina, Gldshre Beach was the nly lcal beach t survive the disaster withut any lss f life.