【暑假衔接】人教版新高二英语 暑假衔接讲义 第06讲 Unit 1 单词词组短语知识点讲解（选择性必修一）（教师版+学生版）

这是一份【暑假衔接】人教版新高二英语 暑假衔接讲义 第06讲 Unit 1 单词词组短语知识点讲解（选择性必修一）（教师版+学生版），文件包含暑假衔接人教版新高二英语暑假衔接讲义第06讲Unit1单词词组短语知识点讲解选择性必修一教师版docx、暑假衔接人教版新高二英语暑假衔接讲义第06讲Unit1单词词组短语知识点讲解选择性必修一学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共17页， 欢迎下载使用。

2．可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。
1. crucial [ˈkruːʃl] adj. 至关重要的; 关键性的
教材P2》This year's Nbel Prize fr Physilgy r Medicine has been awarded t Tu Yuyu (c-winner), whse research led t the discvery f artemisinin,a crucial new treatment fr malaria.今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦（共同获奖者）,她的研究发现了青蒿素，这是一种治疗疟疾的关键新药物。
归纳拓展
be crucial t对……至关重要
play a crucial rle/part in sth.在……（方面）起关键作用
be f crucial imprtance非常重要
a crucial perid 关键时期
根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)你的意见对这个计划至关重要。
Yur pinin _________________________ the plan.
(2)在孩子们适龄时为他们提供应有的教育至关重要。
__________________________ t prvide the children with efficient educatin suitable t their age.
(3)The supprt f ur fans _________________ur winning the Super Cup.
球迷的支持对我们赢得超级杯非常关键。
参考答案(1) is crucial t (2) It is crucial (3)is crucial t/fr
2.vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
Artemisinin has becme a vital part f the treatment fr malaria...
青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分……
归纳拓展
be vital t/fr sb. /sth. … 对……是极为重要的
be vital t d sth. 做某事是极为重要的
It is vital that … (shuld) d …
做……是极为重要的/生死攸关的
“虚拟语气”知多少
It is vital that. . . 句式中, that从句需用虚拟语气, 即shuld +d, shuld可以省略。类似的句式还有:
It is/was necessary/natural/imprtant/strange/essential that. . .
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Cnsideratin fr ther peple is vital all f us.
②It's vital that we (carry)ut the peratin immediately.
③旅游业对西班牙经济至关重要。
Turism t the Spanish ecnmy.
【答案】1.t 2.(shuld) carry 3.is vital
3.cmmit vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
Tu Yuyu, a cmmitted and patient scientist, was brn in Ningb, China，n 30 December 1930, and graduated frm Peking University Medical Schl in 1955.
屠呦呦，一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。
经典例句
Unfrtunately, althugh Van Ggh cmmitted his whle being t painting, he received little reward fr his effrt.
遗憾的是, 尽管梵高全身心地投入绘画, 但他努力所得到的回报却微乎其微。
A lt f the crime is cmmitted by addicts wh need mney fr drugs.
许多犯罪都是由需要钱买毒品的瘾君子导致的。
Yu dn’t have t cmmit yurself t help/helping me at this stage. 在这个阶段你不必向我承诺帮助我。
Yu shuld cmmit the message t memry.
你应当把这条消息记住。
[知识拓展]
(1) 把……送交/托付给……；
对……作出承诺，承担义务，
担负责任；使(自己)致力于……
cmmit neself t d/t ding...
承诺；保证做……
cmmit a crime 犯罪
(2)cmmitted adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
cmmitment n. 承诺；委托；承担义务
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)And tens f millins in Africa and Asia can see because f the ___________________ (cmmit) Wilsn made t preventing the preventable.
(2) He lved playing this instrument, and was cmmitted t_____________________ (practice) it.
(3) He admits that recently he has becme addicted t__________________ (play) nline games.
(4) Neighbrs devted their spare time t______________________ (help) thers rebuild hmes.
参考答案
(1)cmmitment 句意：在非洲和亚洲，数千万人可以看到是因为威尔逊努力阻止可以被防止的事件发生。根据空前的“the”可知，此处需要用名词。
(2) practicing 句意：他喜欢演奏这种乐器并坚持练习。词组 be cmmitted t 中的t为介词，后面需接动名词。
(3)playing 句意：他承认他最近沉迷于网络游戏。词组be/becme addicted t中的t为介词，后面需接动名词。
(4)helping 句意：邻居们把自己的空闲时间用于帮助他人重建家园。词组中的t为介词，后面需接动名词。
4.bjective 目标，目的 adj. 客观的
教材P2》In 1967,the Chinese gvernment frmed a team f scientists with the bjective f discvering a new treatment fr malaria, and Tu Yuyu was amng the first researchers chsen.1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。
【典型例句】
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience.
大多数演讲的主题是对观众们有益的。
My mther bjected t my taking part in the club.
我妈妈反对我参加这个俱乐部。
I d have an bjectin t carrying ut the plan discussed at the meeting at nce.
我的确反对立即实施会上讨论的这个计划。
Mst peple at the meeting raised an bjectin t the new law. (话题典句)会上大部分人对新法律提出了异议。
用法详解
subjective adj. 主观的
bjectively adv. 客观地
bject 物体，物品； 目标，目的，宗旨; 宾语
vi. 反对， 不赞成
bjectin 反对， 不赞成
bject t ding sth 反对某事
“动词+介词t”短语知多少
stick t 坚持
lead t导致; 造成
get used t习惯于
be/becme addicted t沉溺于
be/becme accustmed t习惯于
get dwn t开始认真做某事
1.单句语法填空
(1) We simply want t infrm peple_________________ (bjective) f the events.
(2) The methd f analysis must be bjective ___________________ evaluating accident rate.
2.根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)我们的主要目标是让这个孩子安然无恙地恢复健康。
______________________ was the recvery f the child safe and well.
(2)我认为一名记者应该完全客观。
I believe that a jurnalist_____________________ .
参考答案
1.(1) bjectively 句意：我们只是想把事件客观地告诉人们。此处用副词修饰动词infrm。
(2)abut 句意：对于评价事故率的分析方法必须是客观的。be bjective abut 对……是客观的。
2. (1) Our main bjective (2) shuld be cmpletely bjective
5.evaluate vt.评价；评估
Her team examined ver 2，000 ld medical texts, and evaluated 280，000 plants fr their medical prperties.
她的团队查看了2 000多本古老的医学文献，并对28万种植物的药用性能进行了评估。
【典型例句】
I can't evaluate his ability withut seeing his wrk.
没看到他的工作情况，我无法评估他的能力。
We need t evaluate hw well the methd is wrking.
我们需要评估这一方法产生的效果。
[知识拓展]
(1)evaluate sb.n/by根据……评价某人
(2)evaluatin n. 估计；评价
make an evaluatin f 对……进行评估
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①We must evaluate her ability her wrk.
②We must (evaluate)the cnsequences caused by the fire.
＝ We must make an (evaluate)f the cnsequences caused by the fire.
③这项证据应当仔细地评定。
The evidence shuld ．
【答案】1.n/by2.evaluate，evaluatin3.be carefully evaluated
6.btain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行
【典型例句】
They then tried biling fresh wrmwd, and using the liquid btained frm this t treat malaria, but this did nt wrk either. (教材典句)
他们然后尝试煮新鲜的青蒿, 用从中取得的液体来治疗疟疾, 但这也没有效果。
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Because it means we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn is cnstructed.
因为这意味着我们有机会获得关于月球如何构造的信息。
These natinal parks btained financial supprt frm turist cmpanies.
这些国家公园得到了旅游公司的财力支持。
But Laurent’s father, Alexander Simns, repeated his wish that his sn shuld btain his bachelr degree at the age f 9. (时事典句)
但劳伦特的父亲亚历山大·西蒙斯反复重申他的意愿, 希望儿子在9岁时拿到学士学位。
I haven’t been able t btain that bk.
我还没能得到那本书。
[知识拓展]
btain knwledge/ne's degree获得知识/学位
btain sb.sth.＝btain sth.fr sb.给某人带来某物
btain sth.by ding sth. 通过做某事获得某物
btainable(正式）adj.可获得的，能得到的
btain sth.frm sb./sth. 从某人/物获得某物
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
(1) The lnger this situatin______________ (btain), the mre extensive the prblems becme.
(2)_________________(btain) her degree, she answered 81 questins n ver 10 papers.
(3) I'm afraid that the recrd yu asked fr is n lnger ________________ (btain).
参考答案
(1)btains句意：这种局面持续的时间越长，问题波及的范围就越大。
(2)T btain 句意：为了获得学位，她回答了10多页纸上的81个问题。t btain表目的。
(3)btainable 做表语应该用形容词形式。
7.acknwledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
(教材P2)Hwever, Tu Yuyu wuld nt acknwledge defeat.
然而，屠呦呦并不接受失败。
【典型例句】
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years f hard wrk have finally been acknwledged after a custmer nminated her t be Cheshire’s Wman Of The Year.
有一位顾客提名她为“柴郡年度女性”之后, 她多年的努力工作终于得到了认可。
He acknwledged dnating/having dnated a great deal f mney t the flded area.
他承认给洪灾地区捐了很多钱。
We all acknwledge him as/t be the best leader.
我们都承认他是最好的领导。
She acknwledged that she had made a mistake.
她承认犯了错误。
【知识拓展】
be/as...承认是/为
be acknwledged t be/as...被认为是
acknwledge ding/having dne sth.承认做了某事
It is widely acknwledged that...普遍认为……
acknwledgement n.承认；致谢，鸣谢
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换
①She is acknwledged (be)ne f the best singers in the wrld.
②With n slid evidence, he refused t acknwledge (steal)the lady's purse.
③I was sent a free cpy in (acknwledge)f my cntributin.
④Peple widely acknwledge that students shuld be evaluated in terms f verall qualities.
→ students shuld be evaluated in terms f verall qualities.
根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)没有确凿的证据，他拒绝承认偷了那位女士的钱包。
With n slid evidence, he refused t _________________________ the lady's purse.
(2)普京被广泛地认为是全世界一位杰出的政治人物。
Putin ___________________________ an utstanding plitical figure all ver the wrld.
【答案】1.t be2.stealing/having stlen 3.acknwledgement 4.It is widely acknwledged that
(1)acknwledge/admit stealing
(2) is widely acknwledged t be/as
8.cnclude vt. 推断出；得出结论；使结束 vi.结束；终止
【典型例句】
She cncluded that biling the sweet wrmwd apparently destryed its medical prperties. (教材典句)
她推断出煮青蒿很明显破坏了它的医疗特性。
He cncluded frm their remarks that they were nt in favur f the plan. 他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。
She cncluded a judgement frm the experiment.
她从实验中得出一个判断。
He cncluded his class with a funny stry.
他以一个有趣的故事结束了他的课。
They cncluded the birthday party by singing the sng Happy Birthday T Yu.
他们以唱《祝你生日快乐》这首歌结束了生日聚会。
[知识拓展]
cnclude frm...从……中推断出
cnclusin n.结论；推论
draw/reach/cme t/lead t a cnclusin 得出结论
in cnclusin 最后；总之
cnclusive adj.结论性的，有说服力的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①We will have a further discussin befre we draw a final (cnclude).
② cnclusin, I wuld like t say the film Brn in China is wrth seeing.
③She cncluded her perfrmance a pem.
④What can we cnclude the cnversatin?
【答案】 3.with 4.frm
9.insist n坚决要求
(教材P3)Tu Yuyu and her team members even insisted n testing the medicine n themselves t make sure that it was safe.
屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在他们自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。
【典型例句】
Since they insist n ging, we’ll simply push the bat with the current and let them g with us.
既然他们坚持要去, 干脆我们就顺水推舟, 让他们一同去。
(2019·天津高考)Yu shuld respect the views f thers, and at the same time insist n what yu think is right.
你应该尊重别人的观点, 同时坚持你认为正确的。
Thugh all his friends blamed him, he insisted that he had dne nthing wrng.
尽管他所有的朋友都责备他, 但他坚持认为他没做错任何事。
My mther insisted that I (shuld) clean my rm first.
妈妈要求我先把我的房间打扫干净。
归纳拓展
insist n/upn sth. 坚持某事
insist n/upn ding sth. 坚持要求（某人）做某事
insist后接that从句时，有两种情况：
表示“坚持主张，坚决要求”时，从句的谓语动词用“shuld+动词原形”，shuld可以省略。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The manager insisted n the wrk (d)in tw hurs.
②He insisted walking me t the statin t see me ff.
③He insisted that the prblem (discuss)at the meeting.
④她坚持立刻就走。
She at nce.
【答案】1.being dne2.n/upn 3. (shuld)be discussed 4.insisted n leaving
10.circumstance
There is nthing we can d t help Linda.Her circumstances are beynd ur cntrl.我们没有办法帮助琳达。她的情况我们无法控制。
用法详解
circumstance n.[常用复数]条件；环境；状况
I knw I can trust her in any circumstance.
我知道我在任何情况下都能信任她。
Under the circumstances, it seemed better nt t tell him abut the accident.
在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。
Under n circumstances must a sldier leave his pst.
一个战士在任何情况下都不应该离开岗位。
归纳拓展
in/under the circumstances在这种情况下；既然如此
in/under n circumstances 无论如何都不；绝不（位于句首时，谓语动词要部分倒装）
financial/scial/persnal circumstances经济/社会/个人状况
1．Kate,________sister I shared a rm with when we were at cllege, has gne t wrk in Australia.
2．She and her family bicycle t wrk,___________helps them keep fit.
3．The hspital has recently btained new medical equipment, _____（allw） mre patients t be treated.
4．In 1963 the UN set up the Wrld Fd Prgramme, ne f___________purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin.
5．He insist n _____________(give) every detail f the case.
6．He is widely _____________ (acknwledge) as the best player in the wrld.
7．In the war, they avided________(defeat) by the enemy.
8．Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time__________（spend）with his students.
9．When he brings his speech t a nice________(cnclude), Whaley invites the class t praise him.
10．Like ancient sailrs, birds can find their way _________（use）the sun and the stars.
11．When fighting with natural disasters, the wrkers were___________(passin) and lked fr entertainment thrugh cmpetitin.
12．It is vital that enugh mney_________（cllect）t fund the prject.
1．whse 2．which3．allwing
4．whse 5．being given 6．acknwledged
7．being defeated 8．spent 9．cnclusin
10．using 11．passinate
12．（shuld）be cllected