【暑假衔接】人教版新高二英语 暑假衔接讲义 第08讲 Unit 2 单词词组短语知识点讲解（选择性必修一）（教师版+学生版）

这是一份【暑假衔接】人教版新高二英语 暑假衔接讲义 第08讲 Unit 2 单词词组短语知识点讲解（选择性必修一）（教师版+学生版），文件包含暑假衔接人教版新高二英语暑假衔接讲义第08讲Unit2单词词组短语知识点讲解选择性必修一教师版docx、暑假衔接人教版新高二英语暑假衔接讲义第08讲Unit2单词词组短语知识点讲解选择性必修一学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共20页， 欢迎下载使用。

1．了解本单元的单词和词组等重要语言点。
2．可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。
1.persuade vt.劝说；说服；使相信
【典型例句】
The phrase in my pinin tells us that the passage is likely meant t persuade. (教材典句)
短语in my pinin告诉我们这篇文章有可能是想说服(人们)。
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)I d knw hw upset the shp staff can get, but I try t persuade them t keep smiling.
我知道商店的工作人员会有多难过, 但我试图说服他们继续微笑。
Many custmers are persuaded int buying smething they dn’t need.
很多顾客被说服买了他们并不需要的东西。
I persuaded my father ut f smking. 我劝服了我父亲戒烟。
In the end I persuaded him f its truth.
最终, 我使他相信它是真的。
Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest prducts.
广告使我们相信越新越好，而且使我们相信拥有最新的产品我们就会更幸福。
I tried t persuade him nt t g t the cinema, but he didn't listen t me.
我试图说服他不要去看电影，但是他不听我的劝告。
[知识拓展]
persuade sb.t d sth.＝persuade sb.int ding sth.说服某人做某事
persuade sb.nt t d sth.＝persuade sb.ut f (ding)sth. 说服某人不做某事
persuade sb.f sth./ persuade 使某人相信……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Can yu persuade her _______ wearing that dress?
②He persuaded me ut ________ lending him all my savings.
③He persuaded her ________(g)t schl, even thugh she did nt want t.
④我们说服了他不把钱借给那个人。
We his mney t that man.
⑤我将说服他把药吃下去。
I shall ．
2.switch vt.转换；交换 vt.&vi.(使)改变；转变 n．开关；转换器；改变
【典型例句】
Have yu ever frgtten t switch ff the TV r cmputer? (教材典句)
你是否曾忘记关电视或电脑?
(2020·天津高考)He pulls ut a special device, pints it at the suspect, and switches it n.
他拿出了一个特殊的设备, 指向这个嫌疑犯, 并打开了它。
We have switched ver t mbile banking.
我们已经改用手机银行了。
He switched the cnversatin frm ne subject t anther.
他把谈话从一个话题转到另一个话题。
The by ften switches ff in class s he never gets gd marks in exams.
那个男孩上课经常不听讲, 所以从来没在考试中取得过好成绩。
Fr sme reasn, when certain shws switched int a cmmercial, a lud nise wuld sund fr a few secnds.
出于某种原因，当某些电视节目变成广告的时候，它就会发出巨大的噪声，而且要持续几秒钟。
When nt in a rm, yu'd better switch ff all the lights and the fan.
当你不在室内时，最好关掉所有的灯和那台电扇。
Dn't hang up, please. I'll switch thrugh the extensin telephne fr yu.请别挂断电话。我这就给你接通分机。
用法详解
(1)switch ff关上（电灯、电视等）
switch n 打开（电灯、电视等）
switch 从……转变为……
switch thrugh(把电话）接到（某分机）,接过来
(2)make a switch进行改变
同是“开”“关”，动词各异：
(1)开/关（门、窗、盒子等）pen/clse/shut(the dr/windw/bx...)
(2)开/关（收音机、电灯等）switch n/ff(the radi/light...)开/关（收音机、电灯、水、煤气等）turn n/ff(the radi/light/water/gas ...)
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①She switched the lamp because it was dark.
②He was s stubbrn that he refused t make switch.
③我们问他们是否愿意和我们调换位置。
We asked them if they wuld ．
④你出门前要把电视关掉。
befre yu g ut.
⑤遥控器让你在不同的电视频道之间轻松地转换。
The remte cntrl allws yu between TV channels.
3.preference n.爱好；偏爱
Yur hme will als learn yur daily rutine and preferences, s everything will be ready fr yu when yu get hme each evening.
你未来的家也会了解你的日常习惯和偏好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。
I am nt surprised at all that she chse the white skirt. She always has a preference fr white.
她选择白裙子我一点儿也不感到意外。她一直偏好白色。
Many peple expressed a strng preference fr the riginal plan.许多人强烈表示喜欢原计划。
She was chsen in preference t her sister.她被选中了，而不是她妹妹。
用法详解
(1)prefer ding sth.宁愿做某事
prefer t d sth.宁愿做某事
(2)prefer sb. t d sth.宁愿某人做某事
(3) prefer sth. t sth. /prefer ding... t ding...喜欢（做）……而不喜欢(帮）
(4) prefer t d ... rather than d...( = wuld d... rather than d... = wuld rather d...)
宁愿做……而不愿做……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①In cnsidering peple fr the jb, we give (prefer)t thse with sme experience.
②She has a preference blue, while I like red better.
③她愿意学小提琴而不是钢琴。
She chse t learn the vilin ．
4.instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的
Yur lights will cme n the instant yu enter the dr alng with yur favurite music r TV prgrammes, and yu will find yur dinner already prepared fr yu.
你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。
Kaht sftware can prvide students with instant feedback(反馈）,including reprts abut their strengths and weaknesses.
Kaht软件可以为学生提供即时反馈，包括关于他们的强项和弱势的报告。
The students dashed ut f the classrm the secnd the bell rang. 铃声一响, 学生们都跑出了教室。
the instant/the mment/the minute...具有连词功能，引导状语从句，意为“一就”。副词 instantly,immediately,directly 也有此用法。
They carried ut the vlunteer activity immediately they arrived there.
他们一到达那里就从事志愿活动。
[知识拓展]
(1)n.[C]片刻，瞬间
fr an instant暂时，一时，一瞬间
in an instant立即，马上
the instant(that)…………就……（充当连词）
I'll be back in an instant.我马上就回来。
(2)adj.立即的；立刻的；即食的；方便的
instant ndles 方便面
instant cffee 速溶咖啡
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换
①Just fr instant I thught he was ging t refuse.
② instant yu turn it n, yu'll get biling water frm ur instant biling water tap.
③Immediately, a car pulled ver and a yung wman jumped ut.
→ , a car pulled ver and a yung wman jumped ut.
5.cmmand n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制
【典型例句】
All cntrls will respnd t vice cmmands. (教材典句)
所有的控制都对那些语音指令做出回应。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)First f all, having lived in China fr sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child, I have a gd cmmand f English and Chinese, which is beneficial fr intrducing Chinese paintings.
首先, 我在中国生活了16年, 从小就学习英语, 所以我对英语和汉语都有很好的掌握, 这就有益于介绍中国绘画。
The general cmmanded his men t attack the city.
将军下令让部下攻城。
He cmmanded that the trps (shuld) crss the river.
他命令部队渡河。
【巧学助记】语境巧记cmmand
His mther cmmanded him t wrk hard t learn a certain number f vcabularies. Nw he has had a gd cmmand f French. S he cmmands the admiratin f his friends.
为了掌握一定的词汇量, 他妈妈命令他要努力学习。现在他已经精通法语, 因此也博得了他朋友的赞赏。
[知识拓展]
have a ... cmmand f sth. 精通/控制某事
cmmand sb. t d sth. 命令某人做某事
be under the cmmand f sb
=be under ne’s cmmand 由某人指挥/控制
cmmand + that从句（从句shuld +V原，shuld可省）命令做……
表示请求、命令、建议、要求等词后面跟从句时，从句谓语用(shuld＋)d/be dne，以下动词具有相同的用法。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The captain cmmanded his men (pack)up and march n.
②He cmmanded that all the gates (shut).
③目前，警察控制了这里的形势。
At present, the plice are the situatin here.
④这个领导命令他们立刻离开。
①The leader gave a cmmand that .
②The leader cmmanded that they .
③The leader cmmanded them .
6.relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的
【典型例句】
I dn't think what he said is relevant t the tpic we are discussing. He has missed the pint.
我认为他的发言和我们正在讨论的话题无关，他没有抓住要领。
As fr yur secnd questin, we have nticed relevant reprts.
关于你的第二个问题，我们已经注意到了有关报道。
The wrld n the land seems t be irrelevant t them.
岸上的世界，仿佛已经与他们无关。
The dcuments are largely irrelevant t the present investigatin.
这些文件与目前进行的调查基本上不相干。
D nt shw impatience if yu feel the interviewer is repeating things r asking questins that have n relevance t the matter in hand.
假如你觉得对你进行面试的人总是在重复或问一些与目前的事情无关的问题，你别显示不耐烦。
【重点用法】
irrelevant adj. 无关的，不切题的
be relevant t与……有关
relevance n.关联；切题
have (n) relevance t和……(无)有关
与……有关的其他表达形式还有：be related t；be cnnected with等。
[即学即练]——完成句子
①这一点至关重要， 我们还是接着谈吧。
This pint and we had better mve n.
②她的长相跟她能否当个好老师无关。
Her appearance whether she can be a gd teacher.
3.这部电影与课堂上正在讨论的事情有关。
①The film what is being discussed in class.(relevant)
②The film what is being discussed in class.(relevance)
③The film what is being discussed in class.(relate)
7.in this sense ()从这种(某种)意义上来讲
In this sense, the hme f tmrrw is already the hme f tday.
从这个意义上说，明天的家已经是今天的家了。
【典型例句】
This sentence just desn’t make sense, n matter hw yu read it. 无论你怎样读这个句子, 它还是讲不通。
[知识拓展]
make sense 讲得通；有意义
make n sense讲不通；没有意义
in a sense在某种意义上；在某种程度上
in n sense决不
There’s n/little sense in ding sth. 做某事没有意义。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
(1) makes sense t wrk n the prblem befre it gets ut f cntrl.
(2)There is n sense in (frce) yurself t get what yu dn't want.
(3)What yu say is true in sense.
④这种事情决不能发生在我们学校。
In n sense t happen in ur schl.
⑤从这个意义上讲它也有利于我们的健康。
it is als beneficial t ur health.
8.distant adj. 遥远的; 远处的; 疏远的; 心不在焉的 派生: distance n. 距离; 间距
【典型例句】
(2019·天津高考) T many peple, technlgy means cmputers, hand-held devices, r vehicles that travel t distant planets. 对许多人来说, 技术就是电脑, 便携式设备或登上遥远星球的运输工具。
The bk shuld be held abut six inches distant frm the eyes. 应当把书保持在离眼睛大约6英寸处。
If it’s a shrt distance, walking is the best ptin.
如果是短途出行, 走路是最好的选择。
They can see the ancient ruins at a distance f 20 miles.
他们在20英里外就可以看到这一古代遗迹。
I culd enjy the view f snwy muntains farther in the distance. 我可以欣赏到远处白雪皑皑的群山。
Her father advised her t keep her distance frm that fellw. 她父亲劝她与那家伙保持距离。
It was difficult t get t knw her because she always kept everyne at a distance.要了解她很难，因为她总是对每个人都很冷淡。
用法详解
distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的
be distant frm...离远
distance n.距离；远方；遥远；疏远v.不介入，与……疏远
in the distance在远方；在远处
at a distance f在……远的地方
at/frm a distance隔一段距离；从远处
keep sb. at a distance对某人冷淡；与某人疏远
[即学即练]
(1)The time we spent tgether is nw a (distance) memry.
(2)As we apprached，we culd see the lighthuse winking .
随着我们靠近，我们可以看见在远处灯塔一闪一闪地发光。
(3)As the famus painter says，the picture lks better .
正如那位著名的画家所说，隔一段距离看这幅画会更好些。
(4)It’s better fr yu t .
你最好和他疏远。
10. in additin另外; 此外; 也; 还
【典型例句】
In additin, peple with cnfirmed cases must get treatment under quarantine as sn as pssible. (时事典句)
此外, 确诊病例要尽快隔离治疗。
In additin t reading fr knwledge, we read fr fun and inspiratin. (话题典句)
我们读书除了为获取知识外, 还为了获得乐趣与灵感。
I lve rses, and I think they make a beautiful additin t any garden.
我喜欢玫瑰, 我认为它们可以给任何一个花园增添姿色。
归纳拓展
add vt.& vi.增加；添加；补充说
(1)add up sth./add sth.up把……加起来
(2)add up t加起来等于；总计
(3)add t 增加；增添
(4) add sth. t sth.把……加到/进……里
(5)add that...补充说
词汇联想
additinal adj.附加的；另外的；额外的
additinally adv.额外地；除此之外
10. available adj. 可获得的; 可购得的; (人)有空的 派生 availability n. 可用/可得到的人或物
【典型例句】
Many f these new innvatins are already available and being used in sme hmes. (教材典句)
这些新的发明创造中有很多已经可以买到, 并且在一些家庭中正在被使用。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)The trend, then, was tward the“penny paper”—a term referring t papers made widely available t the public.
当时的趋势是朝着“一便士报纸”的方向发展, 其目的是让广大普通民众可以买到报纸。
There will be fur basketball curts available fr ur use with ne teacher watching ver each game.
将有四个篮球场供我们使用, 每场比赛都有一名老师监管。
The Windws 7 Extended Security Updates will be available until 2023 fr businesses f all sizes. (时事典句)
所有规模的企业直到2023年都可以使用Windws 7扩展安全更新。
归纳拓展
be available fr sth.对有用
be available t d sth. 有空做某事
[即学即练]
1. Mr. Smith ________________________ the meeting n Thursday.
史密斯先生没有时间参加星期四的会议。
2. ________________________ this afternn?
今天下午她有空吗?
3. I'm afraid____________________ help with the shw n the 19th.
恐怕19号的演出我没空帮忙。
4.____________________________, because it is being repaired.
我的自行车现在不能用，因为它正在修理。
1．Yu prefer healthy fd________fast fd.
2．It is ________ (believe) that smking des harm t ur health.
3．She was the first wman ___________(win) the gld medal in the Olympic Games.
4．This great ________________(predict) is cming true.
5．It's________________(nrmal) fr the little by t eat s much.
6．A ____________ (cmbine) f talent, hard wrk and gd lks have taken her t the tp.
7．She believed she had cme up with ne f the greatest ____________(innvate) f mdern times.
8．He advcated_______(ban) cars in the city centre at the meeting.
9．Ade's cnstant________(absent) frm wrk made his bss very angry.
10．While shpping, peple smetimes can’t help _____(persuade) int buying smething they dn’t really need.
11．Even thugh we live in a high-tech age, it's still impssible t predict the weather ____(accurate).
12．I tried t get in tuch ______________yu yesterday evening, but I think yu were ut.
13．I have a ________(prefer) fr physilgy.
14．Yu must switch _____the TV when yu leave.
15．Jb ________(secure) is a thing f the past.
16．Spaceships make it pssible ______(travel)t the mn.
17．Huses with advanced appliances will keep us ________ ( security) and healthy.
18．I wuld ppse _________(change)the law.
19．Thanks t the ______ ( advance) technlgy, ur life becmes mre cnvenient.
20．Many f these chemicals can lead ________ cancer r ther illnesses.