衔接点02 代词、数词（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义）-2024年新高一英语暑假学习提升计划

这是一份衔接点02 代词、数词（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义）-2024年新高一英语暑假学习提升计划，文件包含衔接点02代词数词初高考点差异及衔接原卷版docx、衔接点02代词数词初高考点差异及衔接解析版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
代词
【初中代词考点聚焦】
考点1. 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
1.Think abut it and ask : have yu really dne everything right?
A.yu B.yurself C.me D.myself
2.Yur schl library lks as mdern as . Can yu shw me arund?
A.we B.usC.ur D.urs
3.The children have painted since culd first pick up a brush.
A.they B.themC.their D.themselves
考点2. 指示代词和it的用法
1. is ur duty t make ur cuntry better and strnger.
A.It B.This C.That D.One
2.The gravity n Mars is nly abut three eighths f n the Earth.
A.that B.thseC.ne D.nes
考点3. 不定代词
1.—Yu’ve been s quiet tday， Tm. Talk t me. Say smething. !
—What am I suppsed t say after all this? Just leave me alne!
Smething B.AnythingC.Everything D.Nthing
2.—Cffee r milk， Jeff?
— is OK. I care little abut it.
A.BthB.NneC.Either.D.Neither
3.Lk! sme students are playing ftball， and are playing basketball.
A.the therB.antherC.thersD.ther
【高中代词考点聚焦】
考纲解读
在句中用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。代词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。近3年来, 高考重点考查不定代词和人称代词, 所考题量占所考代词总量的60%左右, 其次是it的用法和替代词。试题的设计注重语境设置, 要求考生将文章上下文意思联系起来填用正确的代词。因此, 做题时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上, 特别注意上下文句意和句子结构的分析。
考点清单
考点一、it的用法
要点精讲1：
要点精讲2：
结合语境用适当的词填空。
1. Sarah made t the airprt just in time t catch her plane this mrning.
2. N matter where he is, he makes _____a rule t g fr a walk befre breakfast.
3. It was alng the Mississippi River ______Mark Twain spent much f his childhd.
4.I’d appreciate _________ if yu wuld like t teach me hw t use the cmputer.
5.Will yu see t _____ that my birds are well lked after while I am away？
6.___________was when I gt back t my apartment that I first came acrss my new neighbrs．
7.Susan made _________clear t me that she wished t make a new life fr herself．
8.____ is impssible fr us t finish the design befre Natinal Day.
9. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an internatinal language.
10. ________ is n wnder that he failed the exam.
考点二、 指示代词用法
要点精讲：
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. Sarah made ______ t the airprt just in time t catch her plane this mrning.
2. Studying Wendy's menu, I fund that many f the items are similar t ______ f McDnald's.
28.We have varius summer camps fr yur hlidays. Yu can chse ______ based n yur wn interests.
3. ______ is the pwer f TV that it can make a persn suddenly famus.
4. Helping thers is a habit, _______ yu can learn even at an early age.
5. --Silly me! I frget what my luggage lks like.
--What d yu think f ______ ver there?
6.At ur factry there are a few machines similar t _______ described in this magazine.
7. Mr Zhang gave the textbks t all the pupils except _________wh had already taken them.
8. My pen is missing. I still haven’t fund _________. I want t buy a new _______.
9. The infrmatin n the Internet gets arund much mre rapidly than ________ in the newspaper.
考点三、不定代词用法
要点精讲1：each, bth, all等不定代词用法
一．结合语境用bth, all, either, neither, nne, nthing填空。
1. My brther wuld like t buy a gd watch but _______was available frm that shp.
2.---Wuld yu like tea r cffee?
---_______ , thank yu. I've just had sme water.
3. Of all the bks n the desk, __________is f any use fr ur study.
4. They prduced tw reprts, ______ f which cntained any useful suggestins.
5. Yu may drp in r just give me a call. _______ will d.
6.Bth teams were in hard training; __________was willing t lse the game.
7. I made a call t my parents yesterday. T my disappintment, _______ f them answered it.
8.On _________ side/On _______sides f the rad were green fields and sme farm huse.
9–Hw d yu find yur classmates?
–Mst f them are kind, but ______ is s gd t me as Bruce.
10. He had lst his temper and his health in the war and never fund _______ f them again．
二：结合语境用smething, anything, nthing, everything填空。
1. I agree with mst f what yu said, but I dn’t agree with _________.
2. I gt this bicycle fr _________: My friend gave it t me when she bught a new ne.
3. There is _________ in his wrds. We shuld have a try.
4. I knw that_________ wuld ever discurage him; he wuld never give up wanting t be a directr.
5. She culdn't see r hear_________ at all.
限时训练三：结合语境用ther, thers, anther, the ther, the thers填空。
1. Recycling is ne way t prtect the envirnment; reusing is________.
2. I'll spend half f my hliday practicing English and _________ half learning drawing.
3. The manager believes prices will nt rise by __________ fur percent.
4. Bth sides have accused _________f breaking the cntract.
5.It is very necessary that children shuld be taught hw t get alng with_________.
6.Jack is hard-wrking and intelligent. In _________ wrds, I can’t speak t highly f him.
7. The first time I went there, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and ______ animals.
8. There are five language labs here. One is n the secnd flr and _________ are in the third flr.
9. T warm himself, the sailr sat in frnt f the fire rubbing ne bare ft against _______.
10. I dn't knw any French peple _________ than yu.
要点精讲2：
限时训练四：结合语境用上述单词或词组的适当形式填空。
1.I try t visit my parents every ________ weeks.
2.He was advised t smke ________ cigarettes and drink ________ beer.
3.But after the phne call, the jurnalist prmised t ask ________ friends t teach him.
4.New drivers have twice as ________many accidents as experienced drivers.
5.Teenagers wh are addicted t the Internet are ________ likely t suffer frm depressin
1. As larger grups f peple began living tgether in twns and cities, these ppulatins needed reliable surces f clean water, a netwrk f streets fr trade and a way t defend __________ (they) against unfriendly neighbrs.
2. The middle rute, the mst prminent ne due t __________ (it) rle in feeding water t the natin’s capital, begins at the Danjiangku reservir in the Hanjiang River in central prvince f Hubei and runs nrtheastward t Beijing and Tianjin. It started supplying water in December 2014.
3. Bike sharing, fr example, is nt new itself. But China has made __________ much mre cnvenient and ppular bth in China and verseas.
4. Jinling Library, funded in 1927, established __________ (it) first “Windw f Chinese Bks” verseas in Nigeria in 2013. There will be mre in the future.
5. He practiced rapidly mving the glve t his gd hand after he had pitched the ball t his father. He was always frcing __________ (he) t get that glve faster and faster.
6. A drama series named Medal f the Republic has appealed t a large audience n Chinese scial media in the last few weeks. __________ tells heart-warming stries abut the first grup f eight Chinese peple wh were awarded the Medal f the Republic.
7. The variety shw, Shang Xin Le Gu Gng, bradcast __________ (it) first episde (一集) n Beijing TV and nline streaming media site, iQiyi. cm, n Nvember 9. That first episde wn wide acceptance frm audience and was thught highly f n Duban.cm.
8.It is part f a drive by the Department fr Educatin t address the rise in students wh reprt __________ (they) mental health issues at university.
9. She said that the mtherland had left n stnes unturned in __________ (it) effrts t supprt her in her fight against the unfunded charges and t help her regain her freedm.
10.Sng Dynasty military frces as early as 904 A.D. used gunpwder devices against __________ (they) primary enemy, the Mngls.
11、When we begin t see things differently arund us, we can pen __________ (us) up t new pssibilities and new pprtunities and clear ut fear.
数词
【初中数词考点聚焦】
考点1.基数词
1.—Jessie， where are yu ging this summer hliday?
—Yunnan. The weather is fine with temperatures in the .
A.twentyB.twenty’sC.twentiesD.twentieth
2.It will be a sunny， ht day again tday， with the temperature in the fr the rest f the week.
A.thirtyB.thirtiethC.thirteenD.thirties
1.(2022宿迁)—Peple in ur twn planted trees n Tree Planting Day.
—Gd jb! Everyne can d smething t make ur twn greener.
A.hundred B.hundred fC.hundreds D.hundreds f
考点2.序数词
1. Peng Min finally became the winner f seasn f CCTV’s Chinese Petry Cnference.
A.five B.fifth C.the fifth D.fifths
2.I have wn the cntest twice befre. I can win fr time.
A.the threeB.thirdC.a thirdD.three
考点3.分数
1.There are fifty students in ur class， and f us like ftball.
A.tw third B.tw thirds
C.tw three D.secnd thirds
【高中数词考点聚焦】
考点清单
数词命题热点归纳
要点精讲1：基数词和序数词的用法
1.序数词前必须加the。如：The secnd is what I really need.第二个是我真正需要的。
2.序数词前若有限定词，则可以不用加the。如：It is my third time t visit Beijing. 这是我第三次参观北京。
3.序数词前面也可以加不定冠词a或an，表示“又一,再”，内含顺序性。如：We have tried it three times. Must we try it a furth time? 我们已经试过三遍了。还必须再试一次(第四次)吗?
要点精讲2：年龄、长、宽、高、面积等的表示方法
基数词加量词(meter(s) /kilmeter(s)/kil(s)/year(s)/...)加形容词(lng/wide/high/deep)。如：
three years ld 三岁大;
tw meters tall 两米高;
ten meters lng 十米长
要点精讲3：hundred, thusand, millin与billin的用法
1. hundred, thusand, millin, billin表示具体数目时用单数，在表示“数百”“数千”“数百万”“数十亿”等不确定的数目时，用“hundreds f/thusands f/millins f/billins f+可数名词复数”表示。与f 连用时，要用复数形式，但前面不能再加数字。如：thusands f factries 成千上万家工厂
2. 与具体的数字ne, tw...或several, sme, many等词连用时，要用单数形式。如：
five hundred peple 500人
tw thusand bks 两千本书
many millin trees 几百万棵树
要点精讲4：年份、日期与编号的表示法
1. 年份、日期、编号的表达
◆年份、日期表示法
通常英式英语表达为“日、月、年”，而美式英语表达为“月、日、年”。一般年份用基数词，日期用序数词(可简写)，月份用月份名称，年份后面不用year(年)。如：
n August 8th, 2023在2023年8月8日
◆编号表示法
名词加基数词等于the加序数词加名词。
如：第一课Lessn One等于the first lessn;第二页Page Tw等于the secnd page
路公车Bus Number 2 或the Number 2 bus。
有时可以直接用数字来表示。如：
Rm Tw O Six, Class Tw， Grade One...(注意：使用时要注意大小写)
2. 年份、日期、时间的读法
◆年份：四位数通常分两组来读。
如：1999读作：nineteen ninety-nine
◆日期：用序数词来表示。
如：Nvember 3rd读作：Nvember the third
◆时间：时间的读法有以下方法：
一般直接按照表示时间的数字来读。另外英语中的15分钟也可以说成a quarter,如：
8:30读作：eight thirty
4:15读作:a quarter past fur
要点精讲5：分数的构成
分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
►1/3 ne third 7/9 seven ninths
【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：
►a half 二分之一 a quarter =ne furth 四分之一
three quarters=three furths 四分之三
要点精讲6：其他重要表达方式：
half an hur半小时
ne and a half hurs 等于ne hur and a half一个半小时
in ne’s thirties在某人30多岁(区别：in the thirties在30年代)
an eight-year-ld by一个八岁的男孩
a 100-meter-lng bridge一座100米长的桥
a ten-minute walk=ten minutes' walk步行10分钟的路程
tw mre hurs=anther tw hurs再多两个小时
1. It will be my ________ (fifteen) birthday next Sunday.
2.They are already in their ________ (thirty) withut a child.
3.Tw ________ (three) f the peple wh lived there were dead r injured. Thusands f children’ were left withut parents.
4.This is the ________ (nineteen) by I’ve met this week that likes skating.
5.If fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the ________ (three) largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld.”
6. If it is nt turned in by the ________ (tw) day after the due date, it will earn a zer.
7. In his ________ (thirtieth), he was quite thin and pale and he had red bushy hair.
8.The bks n fd are n the ________ (five) shelf.
9.Thugh in her ________ (seventy), she still wrked 8 hurs a day in the pet shp.
10.Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early ________ (twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.
11. The bk is very interesting; I want t read it a ________ (three) time.
12.This unique art frm develped in China in the late ________ (eighteen) century.
13.I’ve always lved the cean. In the ________ (seven) grade, I started vlunteering at the Mnterey Bay Aquarium in Califrnia.
It was a bright afternn when Jnathan Bauer and his 13-year-ld daughter, Ava, were driving hme n the bridge. 1 ,nt far ahead f them. a black truck run frm ne side t the ther and caused a 2 accident, hanging ver the railing(栏杆) f the bridge. Bauer 3 the car in time t avid hitting it.
After making sure Ava was kay, Bauer gt ut f his car t see if anyne needed 4 .And then a shut came frm the truck. The driver's dr was pened and a man climbed ut. He 5 t the railing. Bauer ran up beside him and saw a car seat in the water. Next t it was a girl, abut tw years ld. She was flating(漂浮) n her back, kicking and 6 . Bauer waited fr the driver t d smething, 7 he didn't mve. Maybe he was cmpletely 8 .Bauer knew the little girl was in great 9 .
“Ava!" Bauer shuted." Stay by the car!”
He 10 his shes and quickly jumped int the shallw water. Bauer swam t the girl and lifted her ut f the water: eyes clsed, nt 11 .He patted(轻拍) her back t frce the water ut f her bdy. 12 his first aid, her eyes were pened and she breathed again. A mment later a lifebat pulled up and bth were helped t get n the bat. An ambulance(救护车)waited n the bridge. Minutes later, they were taken t the nearest 13 .
Ava Bauer is 14 by her father's actins and she wants t becme a firefighter s that she culd save 15 like him." That girl is ging t live a whle life because f him. "she says.“ It's great.”
1._________ 2._________ 3._________ 4._________ 5._________
6._________ 7._________ 8._________ 9._________ 10._________
11._________ 12._________ 13._________ 14._________ 15._________
初中要求
初中阶段学习的是各类代词的基本含义和用法，以及它们的句法功能
高中要求
重点掌握不定代词和人称代词,其次是it的用法和替代词。要求考生将文章上下文意思联系起来填用正确的代词。因此, 做题时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上, 特别注意上下文句意和句子结构的分析。
it典型场合
典型示例
替代it：it用作人称代词，用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。
Learning is a bitter rt, but it bears sweet fruit.学习根苦果甜。
I have bught a chair. It is made f wd.我买了一把椅子。它是木头做的。
The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿饿得啼哭。
代词it: it指时间、距离、天气等。
It's 112 miles frm Lndn t Birmingham. 从伦敦到伯明翰有112英里。
What time is it? It’s tw-thirty. 几点了？现在是两点半。
形式it: it用作形式主语、宾语，不定式、动名词或从句作真正主语
He fund it exciting riding the rller caster. 他觉得坐过山车很刺激。
It is n use crying ver spilt milk. 覆水难收。
It's a pity that yu have t g s sn.很遗憾你这么快就得走了。
强调it: it用在强调句it's …wh/that…中强调主语，宾语或状语
It was his parents that he turned t fr advice.他向父母寻求建议。
It was tw years ag that I began t learn drawing. 正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。
无实义it: it仅构成句型，无实义
I we it t yu that I finished my wrk in time.我能按时完成工作得感谢你。
I'll see t it that everything is ready in time.我会确保一切按时准备好。
习语it: it用于一些习惯搭配中
Believe it r nt, Tm gt married last week.信不信由你，汤姆上周结婚了。
We made it t the summit f the muntain. 我们成功的登上了山顶。
it作形式主语
①It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜……
②It is n wnder that ... 难怪……
③It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来……
④It lks/seems as if/as thugh ...看起来好像……
⑤It happens that ... 碰巧……
⑥It ccurs t/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起……
⑦It is said/reprted that ... 据说/据报道……
⑧It is certain that ... ……是一定的
⑨It is n use/gd ding ... 做……没有用/好处
⑩It takes sb sme time t d...做……花费某人若干时间
it作形式宾语
①主语＋think/believe/suppse/cnsider/...＋it＋adj./n.＋fr/f sb t d/that…从句
②主语＋think/believe/suppse/cnsider/...＋it＋n use/a waste f time/ ...＋ding ...
典型用法
典型示例
it代指上文提到的同一人、同一物
--Where's yur car?--It's in the garage.--你的汽车在哪儿？--在车库里。
Start a new file and put this letter in it. 建立一个新档案，把这封信放进去。
that指代上文提到的不可数名词或单数名词
The ppulatin f China is larger than that ne. 中国人口比日本多。
The weather f Beijing is clder than that f Hainan.北京的天气比海南冷。
thse特指上文提到的复数名词
The huses in Zhengzhu are cheaper than thse in Beijing. 郑州的房屋比北京房屋便宜。
ne泛指上文提到的可数名词，前有定语
I lst my ld camera; this is a new ne. 我的旧相机丢了，这是一个新的。
I'd like an apple. Are yu having ne, t? 我想买吃苹果，你也要吗？
nes代替泛指的复数名词
Green apples ften taste better than red nes. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。
the ne特指上文提到的单数名词
This schl is the ne we visited last week. 这是我上周参观的那个学校。
Our huse is the ne next t the schl. 我家的房子就是学校旁边的那座。
the nes特指上文提到的复数名词
Dn’t buy the expensive apples; buy the cheaper nes.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。
such倒装句，考虑就近一致
Such is the result f the cntest. 这就是竞赛的结果。
典型用法
典型示例
each指两者或两者以上中每个
They each have their wn email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。
bth表示“两者都”
Bth his mther and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。
all指“(三者或三者以上)全部”
All five men are hard wrkers. 五个人全都工作努力。
either表示“(两者中的)任何一个”
Yu can park n either side f the street. 这条街两边都可停车。
neither表示“两者都不”
Neither f my parents speaks a freign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。
nne表示“(三者或三者以上)全无，没有一点”
We have three sns but nne f them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。
nthing表示“没有任何东西”
The dctr said there was nthing wrng with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。
anther泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一，又一”
Heavy rains cntinued anther three days. 大雨持续了三天。
Wuld yu like anther drink? 还想喝一杯吗？
ther泛指“其余的”，只作定语
Are there any ther questins? 还有其他问题没有？
thers“另一些”
Dn't expect thers t read yur mind. 不要期望别人能看出你的心思。
the ther特指两者之中的另一个
He raised ne arm and then the ther. 他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。
the thers“剩余的一些”
I walked back while the thers rde in the car. 别人都乘车，而我是走回来的。
典型用法
典型示例
few修饰可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没有”
The last few winters have been very cld过去几个冬天都很冷。
a few修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“几个；一些”
I have a few friends, but my yunger sister has very few. 我有一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。
little修饰不可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没有”
There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。
a little修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“一点”
She can speak a little French, but she knws little English.她能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。
many修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“许多”
We dn't have very many cpies left. 我们所剩的册数不多。
much修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“许多”
I dn't have much mney with me. 我没带多少钱。
初中要求
学习了基数词和序数词的基本用法，学习了hundred,thusand等表示约数的用法，以及与单位名词一起作定语或者作表语时的用法。
高中要求
高中阶段要求考生在掌握初中所学的基数词、序数词、分数、小数等表示时间、日期、钟点、数目等的用法的基础上，重点掌握年代表示法、年龄表示法以及不定数量词表示“多”的用法。高中阶段，数词表示比较的用法也比较常见
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rush shck thanks t help but shut