专题02 非谓语动词（讲义）-2024年新高一英语暑假学习提升计划

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考点一 非谓语动词的形式及意义
考点二 非谓语动词作状语
考点三 非谓语动词作定语
考点四 非谓语动词作宾语
考点五 非谓语动词作宾补
考点六 非谓语动词作主语和表语
考点七 如何解答非谓语动词类题目
考点一 非谓语动词的形式及意义
Many Chinese brands, their reputatins ver centuries, are facing new challenges frm the mdern market. 很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。
There are still many prblems befre we are ready fr a lng stay n the Mn.
在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题仍需要解决。
考点二 非谓语动词作状语
(一)不定式作状语
1．作目的状语。可用s as t/in rder t替换，但 s as t一般不可置于句首，意为“为了；想要”。
T enjy the cnvenience f digital payment, many senir citizens started t use smart phnes. 为了享受数字支付的便利，很多老年人开始使用智能手机。
Her mther plans t fly t Beijing at least fur times a year her.
她母亲计划每年至少四次飞到北京去看她。
2．作结果状语。常用于下列结构中：nly t d(表示意想不到的结果)；enugh t d(足够做……)； d...(太……而不能做……)； t...(如此……以至于……)等。
Tm tk a taxi t the airprt, his plane high up in the sky. 汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果却发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。
3．作原因状语。常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋t d”结构中。这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap, expensive, fit, cmfrtable, heavy, gd, imprtant, impssible, dangerus, surprised, astnished, delighted, disappinted 等。
This machine .Anybdy can learn t use it in a few minutes. 这台机器很容易操作。只需几分钟，任何人都能学会使用它。
名师点津
常考查“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，句子的主语和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且此时不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。
(二)分词作状语
分词作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状况等。为了强调，还可与while, when, nce, if, unless等连用。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
A city is the prduct f the human hand and mind, man’s intelligence and creativity. 一座城市是人类的手与大脑的产物，这反映了人类的智慧与创造性。
Ordinary sap, crrectly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
如果正确使用的话，普通肥皂可以有效地消灭细菌。
Generally speaking, accrding t the directins, the drug has n side effect.
一般来说，如果按照说明服用，这种药没有副作用。
名师点津
某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且常用于一些系表结构中，此时这些过去分词只表示一种状态，作状语时不表示被动关系，其前不用being。常见的有lcated(坐落于), lst(迷路的), seated(坐着的), hidden(躲着的), lst/absrbed/buried in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着), tired f(厌烦的), faced with(面对着)等，无论它们在句中作何种成分都不用其­ing形式。
Absrbed in painting, Jhn didn’t ntice evening appraching.由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
(三)独立成分作状语
有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常考的独立成分有：
, the pay isn’t attractive enugh, thugh the jb itself is quite interesting. 说实话，尽管这份工作本身很有趣，但是这个报酬不是很吸引人。
(四)独立主格结构作状语
独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词等构成，用于修饰整个句子。该结构位置相当灵活，可置于句首、句末或句中，常由逗号将其与句子主体分开，在句中通常作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的等，还可以作定语。其构成形式主要有：
1．名词/代词＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式(主动表被动)
, ffice wrkers are generally trubled by health prblems. 因为在桌前久坐，办公室工作人员一般都被健康问题所困扰。
, they will g n an uting t the beach tmrrw.
如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨郊游。
2．with/withut＋名词/代词＋宾语补足语(现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语)
, the newly­elected president is having a hard time. 有许多的难题要解决，这位新选的总统正过着一段艰难的日子。
Jhn received an invitatin t dinner, and , he gladly accepted it. 约翰收到了一张宴会的请柬，由于作业做完了，他很乐意地接受了。
I culdn’t d my hmewrk . 噪音不绝于耳，我没法做作业。
基础题
1.We shuld have a healthy diet， prper exercise and enugh sleep fit.
A.keeping B.t keepC.keep D.kept
2.Our cuntry has made laws (prtect) bidiversity(生物多样性) f the Yangtze River.
3. the peple lcked inside， the firemen brke dwn the dr.
A.Reach B.T reachC.Reaching D.T reaching
4.In his free time， he likes traveling arund， his discveries by phne.
A.recrding B.t recrdC.recrded D.recrds
5. with the price f huses， the price f cars has becme a little lwer recently.
A.T cmpare B.CmparingC.Cmpared D.T be cmpared
提高题
单句语法填空
1．Over the years, the brand has als held varius exhibitins and internatinal art exchanges, ________ (becme) a windw f Chinese traditinal culture t the wrld.[2023·湖南省高三六校联考]
2．In 1991, a phtgraph f the then 8-year-ld Su, with a pair f large, crystal-clear eyes ________ (cry) fr knwledge, tuched numerus peple.[2023·济南名校高三交流联考]
3．Eric wke up a little later when he heard children playing utside.He pushed a chair nt the balcny，and climbed up ________ (see) them.[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]
4．He used t be addicted t electrnic devices and stay up late every night, ________ (trap) in an unhealthy daily rutine.[2023·南通市高三考前练习卷]
5．T feed the seven billin peple n Earth, mst farmers tday are grwing nly species f plants that are easy ________(prduce) in large numbers.[2023·江苏省连云港市模拟二]
6．Althugh Liu's dance mves lk simple, they are ften t intense fr his audience ________ (fllw )．[2023·汕头市模拟]
考点三 非谓语动词作定语
(一)不定式作定语
1．不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后，表示将来的动作。
I was watching the clck all thrugh the meeting, as I had a train .
我在会议期间一直看表，因为我要赶火车。
名师点津
不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系，若该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。
Suddenly a gd idea ccurred t her, but she culdn’t find any paper .
突然她想到了一个好主意，但是她找不到纸把它写下来。
2．序数词，形容词最高级，the last, the nly 等后或被这些词修饰的名词或代词后，常用不定式作定语。注意：该名词或代词是作定语的非谓语动词的执行者。
He is always the first the schl and the last the schl. 他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。
3．被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。如ability, chance, idea, hpe, wish, fact, excuse, prmise, attempt, way 等。
And the best way willpwer is t make it int a habit.
增强意志力最好的方法就是让意志力成为一种习惯。
The ability an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
名师点津
不定式作定语时，当句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式使用主动式；当句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语且不定式与所修饰的名词或代词之间是被动关系时，不定式使用被动式。
I have a letter , s I can’t g swimming with yu.
我有一封信(需要我)要寄出，因此我不能和你一起去游泳了。
I have a letter . Can yu help me?
我有一封信想(让别人替我)寄出去，你能帮我一下吗？
(二)分词作定语
1．作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词、“being＋过去分词”、过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时，用“being＋过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示完成时，用过去分词。
Mst clleges nw ffer first­year students a curse specially t help them succeed academically and persnally.
大多数大学现在为大一的学生提供一门专门为他们设计的课程，以帮助他们在学术和个人事务上取得成功。
Last night, there were millins f peple the pening ceremny live n TV.
昨天晚上，有几百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。
2．作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词只表示动作已完成，不表被动。
falling leaves 在落下的叶子(表正在进行)
fallen leaves 叶(表完成)
名师点津
非谓语动词作定语的解题思路
表示被动、完成用过去分词(dne)；表示主动、进行用现在分词(ding)；表示被动、进行用being dne；表示主动、尚未进行用t d；表示被动的动作尚未进行用t be dne。试比较：
①Tday there are mre airplanes mre peple than ever befre in the skies.
②The bridge in 2019 was designed by a lcal cmpany.
③The bridge nw was designed by a lcal cmpany.
④The bridge next year was designed by a lcal cmpany.
基础题
1.The way the classrm clean and tidy prves t be very gd.
A.keeps B.keeping C.kept D.t keep
2.The chemicals that make swimming pl water safe can have side effects (副作用). They need at least nce a week.
A.check B.checkedC.checking D.t check
3.If yu want t knw mre abut Nanjing， the best way (explre) it is n ft r by bike.
4.Ww! Yur hair is t lng. Why nt have it (cut) tmrrw?
5.The career he devted himself t him by peple all ver the wrld.
A.made;rememberedB.making;remember
C.making;was rememberedD.made;t remember
6.—Have yu heard the news?
—Yes. The schl radi statin annunced that ur schl had put the mney (筹募) t buy new instruments fr kids.
7.My grandpa prefers t wear shes (make) f clth. He thinks they are cmfrtable.
提高题
单句语法填空
1．The first eSprts event was the ne ________ (hld) by Stanfrd University in the 1970s, fr the game Spacewar！[2023·丽水、湖州、衢州三地市质量检测]
2．As darkness falls, the best place ________ (witness)the city is n the wall, where ne can't help but imagine the distant past.[2023·河南省高考适应性练习]
3．In histry, Beijing 2022 is the first Games where all venues (场地) are pwered by clean energy and Beijing is the first city in the wrld ________ (hst) bth the Summer and Winter Games.[2023·九江市第二次模拟]
4．“It has really given me the desire t visit China, in particular t explre the traditinal ink artwrk，” said Marianne Simn, an MA (文学硕士) student ________(majr) in publishing and creative writing at Kingstn University.[2023·河北省高考适应性考试]
5．As a matter f fact, there is n ________ (fix) ways fr the Duble Ninth cake, but super cakes have as many as nine layers, lking like a twer.[2023·泰安市高考全真模拟]
考点四 非谓语动词作宾语
1．只接不定式作宾语的动词：
A quick review f successes and failures at the end f year will yur year ahead.
在年底对成功和失败进行快速的回顾会有助于你下一年的发展。
名师点津
(1)此外affrd, happen(碰巧), wait, threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。
(2)动词(短语)learn, decide, knw, wnder, shw, tell, understand, explain, teach, advise, find ut等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语。
2．只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语：
He gt well­prepared fr the jb interview, fr he culdn’t the gd pprtunity.
他为这次工作面试做了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。
名师点津
allw, permit, frbid, advise后需加动名词作宾语，但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用不定式作宾补。即allw/permit/frbid/advise ding/sb. t d sth.。
3．接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词：(1)try t d 尽力做……；try ding 试着去做……；(2)mean t d打算做……；mean ding 意味着……；(3)regret t d遗憾要去做……；regret ding后悔做过……；(4)remember t d 记得去做……；remember ding记得做过……；(5)frget t d忘记去做……；frget ding 忘记做了……
I still t the Famen Temple and what I saw there. 我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，还有我在那里所看到的一切。
I the dr befre I left the ffice, but ff the lights.
我离开办公室之前记得关门却忘记关灯了。
名师点津
动词want, need, require作“需要”讲时，其后要用v.­ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动语态作宾语。与此用法相同的动词还有deserve(值得)。
The windw .(clean与the windw之间存在动宾关系)
He at nce.(leave与he之间不存在动宾关系)
4．动词作介词的宾语时，要用动名词形式，不能用动词不定式。常见的含有介词的动词短语：be/get used t(习惯于), feel like(想要), insist n(坚持), get dwn t(开始认真做某事), (致力于……), bject t(反对), stick t(坚持), give up(放弃)等。此外，介词后跟动名词的结构：have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth.；have fun (in) ding sth.
It’s quite ht tday.D yu fr a swim? 今天很热。你想去游泳吗？
I the seas as I nw d wrking with students.
我现在与学生们打交道和我过去航海一样开心。
名师点津
(1)当非谓语动词位于介词but, except后时，习惯上要用不定式。并且，当其前有实义动词d及相关形式时，则不定式要省略t；若其前没有动词d，则不定式通常带t。
We had n chice .我们除了等待之外别无选择。
I culd d nthing .我除了同意，什么都做不了。
(2)but后总跟省略不定式符号t的短语：d nthing but...只能……； cannt help but...禁不住……；cannt but...不得不……；cannt chse but...只得……
基础题
1.Science is my favurite subject， s I have prepared the STEAM Club.
A.jin B.jiningC.t jin D.t jining
2.I have decided t g t Beijing and ne f my ld friends there.
A.visiting B.visitedC.visits D.visit
3.—Our schl will invite Mr. Wang us a talk n envirnmental prtectin next week.
—That’s wnderful!
A.give B.t giveC.giving D.gave
4.—Timmy lks unhappy. D yu knw why?
—I was a bit rude just nw. I nw regret thse bad wrds.
A.say B.saidC.saying D.t say
5. Did the bys stp much nise as sn as they saw Mr. Li cming?
A.t make B.make C.made D.making
6.Srry， hamburgers in ur shp have been sld ut. D yu mind (取消) yur rder?
7.Tny’s sister enjys (listen) t music and she ften ges t cncerts.
8.The managers f the big cmpany have been used t (deal) with prblems nline.
提高题
单句语法填空
1．There are nw 1，800 giant pandas living in the wild, a number that fficials credit t the cuntry's devtin t ________(maintain) nature reserves and ther cnservatin initiatives in recent years.[2023·全国优质校高三大联考]
2．He plans t pursue his career in the mainland after ________ (cmplete) his studies.[2023·山东省高三大联考]
3．Fr teenagers, sme have learned hw t use a sewing machine and made a cuple f prjects; sme are wrking n a scial studies prject which invlves ________ (cnstruct)a family tree including researching relatives alive in the 1800s.[2023·山东师范大学附中考前打靶]
4．Even thugh peple initially laughed at him, he finally managed ________ (give) his hmetwn a path available t the nearby twn.[2023·辽宁县级重点高中协作体一模]
5．That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans ________ (cntinue) the practice.[2022·浙江卷1月]
考点五 非谓语动词作宾补
1.接带t的不定式作宾补的动词(短语)
常见的有：ask, invite, tell, want, encurage, wish, expect, beg, request, require, advise, rder, frce, cause, allw, permit, frbid, warn, remind, teach, send, call n, wait fr, wuld like/lve/prefer等表示劝请、要求类动词。
The teacher asked us ur hmewrk．老师叫我们完成家庭作业。
The pliceman tld the bys in the street．警察告诉孩子们别在街上玩耍。
2．接不带t的动词不定式作宾补的动词
·一感：feel
·二听：hear, listen t
·三让：let, make, have
·四看：see, watch, ntice, bserve
·半帮助：help sb. t d/d sth.
不定式作宾补表示某人做某事的全过程或某事发生的全过程，强调事物的发生和结束。
I saw him a few minutes ag.我看见他几分钟前离开了。
3．现在分词作宾补
现在分词作宾补，表示动作的过程，即动作正在进行，尚未结束。宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
I hear smene at the dr.我听到有人在敲门。
I'm srry t keep yu fr a lng time.对不起，让你久等了。
4．过去分词作宾补
过去分词作宾补，着重动作完成，表明动作的结果，它与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
He saw the thief by the plice.他看到那个贼被警察抓起来了。
The teacher raised his vice in rder t make himself ．老师提高嗓门以便让别人听到他的话。
名师点津
(1)使役动词have, get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点：①have sth.dne＝get sth.dne让别人做某事；②have sb./sth.ding sth.让……一直做某事；get sb./sth.ding 使……开始做某事；③have sb.d sth.＝get sb.t d sth.让某人做某事。
Befre driving int the city, yu are required t . 在开车进城之前，你需要找人洗洗车。
(2)have sb. ding sth.用于否定句中，常与can’t, wn’t等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。
I telling lies.我不能容忍你因撒谎而不受惩罚。
基础题
1.—Have yu seen the film Full River Red by Zhang Yimu?
—Yes. The famus pem reminds us (be) lyal t ur cuntry.
2.What did yu find (hide) behind the dr just nw?
提高题
单句语法填空
1．Fu believes it was his scientific apprach t training that enabled him ________(vercme)thse difficulties and reach his destinatin.[2023·武汉市高三模拟]
2．Hwever, sme f us ften find urselves ________ (reserve) a table fr ne in a restaurant. But is dining alne really that bad? Maybe nt.[2023·雅礼中学模拟二]
3．But that's hw nature is—always leaving us ________ (astnish)．[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]
4．They make great gifts and yu see them many times ________ (decrate)with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]
考点六 非谓语动词作主语和表语
(一)非谓语动词中能作主语的有动词-ing形式和不定式。
1．动词-ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作，不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。
is my sister's hbby. 听音乐是我姐姐的爱好。
fr further study is my gal nw. 进入一所好大学深造是我现在的目标。
2．it作形式主语， 代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动词-ing形式。常见句型有：
(1)It is/was n use/gd＋ding sth.；
It's a waste f time ding sth.；
①It was that I had nt seen him, s I waved t him.
假装没看见他是没有用的，所以我向他挥手。
②It is that methd, because it wn't wrk. 那种方法没用，因为行不通。
(2)It is/was＋adj.＋fr sb.＋t d sth.等。
is imprtant fr us persnally althugh we have been in tuch in varius ways.
尽管我们以各种方式保持联系，但亲自见面对我们来说很重要。
3．非谓语动词中能作表语的有动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式和不定式。注意动词-ing形式作表语意为“令人感到……的”， 而过去分词作表语意为本身“感到……的”。
①The aim f the festival is awareness f Chinese culture and traditins.
该节日的目的是提高人们对中国文化和传统的认识。
②At first she was , then she pulled herself tgether.
起初她很害怕，后来又恢复了镇静。
③The radiatin f nuclear bmbing is . 核弹的辐射是可怕的。
基础题
Hw prud the parents were (hear) their sn had wn first prize!
提高题
单句语法填空
1. ________ (eat) s-called “junk fd” des activate the brain's reward system, but the happiness is shrt-lived because it's nt the deep reward f real cmfrt.[2023·惠州市高三第一次调研]
2．It is, therefre, urgent ________ (update) ur curricula by intrducing the recent develpments in the relevant fields.[2023·连云港市考前模拟一]
3．In fact, much remains ________ (learn) abut traditinal Chinese painting and its elements. Thrugh appreciating Chinese painting, yu will have a better understanding f traditinal Chinese culture and Chinese peple.[2023·山东省烟台市、德州市一模]
4．S eager was she t be a crew member that she vercame many difficulties and ultimately became ________ (qualify)．[2023·厦门市第二次质量检测]
5．Lla gt ________ (lse) when the Mejeurs were visiting a friend in Elk Grve Village in 2017.[2023·山西运城考前模拟]
考点七 如何解答非谓语动词类题目
1．分析句子结构，辨别“谓语和非谓语”
首先判定所给动词是否充当句子的谓语，如果是，就用谓语形式；如果句子中并不缺少谓语，则用非谓语形式。所以在解题过程中，首先必须明白非谓语动词虽然与动词有关，但它们都不是谓语动词。其次，必须培养识别英语句子谓语的能力，因为命题人经常就一些多义词、多性(词性)词，尤其是熟词生义设置题目，增加句式结构的复杂性和干扰性，从而导致考生理解失误，不能正确地划分句子主干，继而造成失分。
[例1] (全国卷Ⅰ)A study f travelers ____________(cnduct) by the website TripAdvisr names Yangshu as ne f the tp 10 destinatins in the wrld.
[分析] cnducted 本题存在一词多义、一词多性的特征，由于不能找到正确的谓语动词，考生容易误填was cnducted或were cnducted。因name的常见词性为名词，考生会将题干中的“names”误认为是名词name的复数形式。其实，在本题中，name为谓语动词，意为“选定；指定”，因主语“A study f travelers(一项关于游客的研究)”是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式names。找到谓语之后，可轻松推知此处应填非谓语动词，再由“study”与“cnduct”之间是被动关系，可知应填过去分词作后置定语。
2．寻找逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语与所给动词之间的关系
非谓语动词虽然不能作谓语，但仍具有动词的特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就是逻辑主语。分析非谓语动词与其逻辑主语(逻辑上的动作执行者)之间是主动关系还是被动关系(也就是看其逻辑主语是动作的发出者还是承受者)。
如果逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词。如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词。但是当含有被动意义时，如果非谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则用动词不定式的被动式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用现在分词的被动式。
[例2] (重庆卷)The prducer cmes regularly t cllect the cameras ____________(return) t ur shp fr quality prblems.
[分析] returned 句意：生产厂商定期来收集因质量问题而被退回到我们商店的相机。句中已有谓语动词cmes，因此设空处应为非谓语动词；且动词return与其逻辑主语the cameras之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填returned。
3．分析所给动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作发生的先后顺序
非谓语动词所发生的时间是一个相对时间，即相对应谓语动词的动作发生的时间而言。非谓语动词的形式不同，所指时间的含义也不同。根据非谓语动词与谓语动词的动作发生的先后顺序确定用一般式还是完成式。如t have dne, having dne表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；t be ding, ding表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
[例3] ____________(wrk) fr tw days, Steve managed t finish his reprt n schedule.
[分析] Having wrked 考生容易误认为在句首设题，应填T wrk表示目的。然而，本题考查的是非谓语动词与谓语动词存在时间先后顺序时的用法。并且句中的主语Steve与wrk之间为主动关系，因此应用现在分词的完成式having dne。
基础题
语篇填空
1. (wear) traditinal Tibetan clthing with mdern jeans and bts， Yangkyi Zhima ften shares her utfits with her mre than 4，000 fllwers n Sina Weib.
“I lve the traditinal elements f Tibetan cstumes，” the 24⁃year⁃ld tld Xinhua. Like Zhima， mre and mre yung peple tday are trying 2. (add) sme new fashin elements int their traditinal Tibetan cstumes which they like wearing during festivals. Many Tibetan cstumes have caught yung peple’s attentin. They have cmbined the traditin with fashin 3. (make) Tibetan clthes in new styles.
Living at a high altitude(海拔)， Tibetans used t wear heavy clthes that culd als be used as quilts(被子) at night. Hwever， with the living cnditins
4. (imprve)， tday’s clthes are becming thinner， lighter and mre cmfrtable.
Instead f wl and fur， yung designers have used different materials fr cstumes，such as silk and cttn.
Mrever， mre yung mdels in Tibet are willing 5. (spread) traditinal Tibetan cstumes and culture t mre peple.
提高题
语法填空(用动词的适当形式填空)
1．________(g) t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles' sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”．What is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we humans 2.________(be)．
The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb.It will undubtedly help yu get 3.________(refresh)! The 4.________(amaze) thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature 5.________(get) the htter the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's hw nature is—always leaving us 6.________(astnish)．
What cmes next is the endless series f steps.Yu can't help 7.________(wnder) hw hard it was fr the peple then 8.________(put) all thse rcks int place.Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain still it highlights the whle adventure and ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur 9.________(ache) legs.
As the sng ges，this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”，and it will always stick in the visitr's memry.It sure des in mine.While yu're in China，Munt Huangshan is a must 10.________ (visit)!
目录
考点聚焦：核心考点，有的放矢
重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺
难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升
学以致用：提升专练，全面突破
非谓语动词
主动语态
被动语态
意义
不定式
一般式
t d
t be dne
其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生
进行式
t be ding
其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生
完成式
t have dne
t have been dne
其表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前
现在分词/动名词
一般式
ding
being dne
其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生
完成式
having dne
having been dne
其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生
过去分词
一般式
dne
与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成
独立成分
意义
generally speaking (t be general)

hnestly/rughly/strictly speaking

frankly speaking/t be frank

judging frm/by

cnsideratin/accunt

cnsidering/seeing/given...

t tell the truth/t be hnest

cmpared with/by

t make things wrse

决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装
decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hpe/wish; refuse，manage, care, pretend
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮
ffer, prmise, chse, plan；agree, ask/beg, help
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想
cnsider, suggest/advise, lk frward t, excuse/pardn；admit, delay/put ff, fancy
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏
avid, miss, keep/keep n, practice; deny, finish, enjy/ appreciate
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡
frbid/avid, imagine, risk；can’t help(禁不住), mind, allw/permit, escape