专题09 阅读理解（七选五）（讲义）-2024年新高一英语暑假学习提升计划

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1.语境线索
1)词汇重现（以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。或者以同义词、近义词甚至反义词等形式出现）
2)指称（用代词替代前文已出现的人物、事件、物品等，如he, she, they，them）
3)逻辑关系词
★并列与递进关系：
and, r, als, neither…nr…,either…r…,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is t say ,as well as, the same …as, besides, additinally, furthermre, mrever, in additin t ,what is mre
★转折让步关系：
but, hwever, yet, n the cntrary, by cntrast, n the ther hand, unfrtunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead f, it is true that, althugh, thugh, even thugh, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite f
★因果关系：
because, fr, since, as, thus, hence, therefre, s, s…that, cnsequently, accrdingly, due t, thanks t, as a result, because f, in that, fr this reasn, f curse
★顺序关系：
afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, t start with，in the meantime, last, later, next, secnd, secndly, then, third, thirdly, t begin with
★解释关系
★因果关系
★转折关系
2.根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略
1)如果空格在段首或为段落标题，通常是段落主题句。
2)如果空格在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。如therefre, as a result, thus, hence, in shrt, t sum up, t cnclude, in a wrd。
3)如果空格是一整个自然段，通常是承上启下的句子。
基础题
一
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all lve spending time by the sea. Sme lucky nes might live n the cast and enjy the benefits (益处) all arund the year. ____1____ Mst f us wuld say we feel healthier by the cean. In the past, dctrs wuld actually suggest spending time by the sea t their patients. And research has shwn that peple wh live n the cast are mre likely t believe their health is gd cmpared t thse living in a city. S hw d we benefit, exactly?
Well, t start with, it’s great fr ur mental (心理) health. Scientists have discvered that we have smething called a blue mind. They have shwn that watching, listening t the waves (海浪) r being in the cean helps ur brains slw dwn. ____2____ This is why peple wh have truble sleeping are ften tld t listen t recrdings f the sund f waves hitting the beach t help them relax at bedtime.
____3____ We g ut a lt mre when we’re n hliday by the sea. We ften becme mre active n hlidays and peple wh live n the cast are usually mre active t. ____4____ Walking n sand requires mre effrt than n the pavement. And the sea air is gd fr peple with breathing prblems t. There is less pllutin in the air near the cean and in autumn and winter the air is fresher. This is healthier than the dry air in hmes with central heating. It has even been fund that the chemicals in sea water may help us have healthy skin.
____5____ We lk frward s much t having ur next ne!
A. Breathing the air in the city makes yu mre active.
B. Others usually have t wait fr the next vacatin.
C. Being by the sea is als gd fr ur physical health.
D. Kids especially like t have fun by the sea in summer.
E. Naturally we ften feel s great at the end f a seaside hliday.
F. The sund f them can help us relax and feel free frm stress.
G. And if yu take yur walks n the beach, this is a lt better.
二
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life is full f unexpected (始料不及的) mments. Whether these mments are surprising r challenging, we all need t face them bravely. 1 Here are fur simple ways.
Take a deep breath
Breathing exercise can help relax us in bth mind and bdy. We can breathe deeply thrugh ur nse, then blw slwly thrugh ur muth. 2 .
Be creative
If we fail t express urselves, we can turn t artistic utlets (艺术表现途径). 3 These can help us share ur thughts and feelings.
4
We can get gd advice thrugh reading. Gd bks are gd friends. They can help us feel better after a busy day. They can als pen up a whle new wrld t us.
Practise psitive (积极的) self-talk
If we ften practise negative (负面的) self-talk, we will think negatively abut urselves. 5
Shall we try these ways when we face the unexpected mments?
A．D sme reading
B．We need t speak t smene we trust.
C．S we’d better talk t urselves in a psitive way.
D．Then, hw can we students face these prperly?
E．This can be a great way t help us feel calm.
F．Fr example, we can clur, paint, r keep diaries.
G．Try different things t find ut which ne is right.
三
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项多余.
Different clrs have different effects n us
1 We use clrs which make us feel safe and cmfrtable t decrate ur hmes. We dress urselves and shw urselves t the wrld in ur favrite clrs. Clrs’ influence ver all f us is pwerful and the fllwing are sme f fun facts abut clrs that may surprise yu.
2
Studies have fund that babies as yung as tw weeks ld can tell (辨别) the clr red frm ther clrs. As they grw up, the number f clrs they can tell cntinues t increase until they can tell all the clrs by the age abut five mnths.
3
Studies f accidents and clrs have fund that white is the clr f cars least likely t cause an accident resulting in death. 4 Black. It is fund that deadly accidents are 12 percent mre likely t happen amng cars f that clr.
5
Scientists suggest that if yu are n a diet, remember nt t use these tw clrs in yur kitchen! It is fund that peple eat 24 percent mre fd when seeing red with yellw. Fast fd cmpanies fund this ut years ag and started using these tw clrs in their lgs (标识；标志), advertisements and restaurant designs (设计).
A．Red is the first clr a baby sees.
B．Green is the clr f nature and represents (代表) new life and grwth.
C．We are surrunded (环绕) by clrs and we use them every day.
D．Blue can make peple feel peaceful and calm.
E．White is the clr f safety.
F．Yellw and red tgether make yu hungry.
G．What is the least safe clr?
四
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Leading yung peple t take up physical exercise is really imprtant. ____1____ But a reprt recently shws that nly half f girls wh were questined by researchers enjy ding sprts. ____2____ What are the reasns? Because f their dislike f the clthes they are asked t wear and the lack（缺乏）f facilities（设备）t d their hair afterwards. As mre girls than bys fail t take part in physical activities, this is seen as a prblem that needs dealing with.
Many f the girls questined said they disliked wearing the skirts that are ften part f PE clthes and that the clthes shuld be mre cmfrtable t wear. The girls wanted t have the chance t say what the PE clthes shuld lk like. They suggested clthing shuld cver mre f their bdies, such as leggings and high-necked shirts. ____3____
Anther key prblem the girls reprted was nt having the facilities available t d their hair after they had taken part in exercise. The girls being interviewed wanted private space where they culd get changed. They felt schls shuld supply hairdryers s that they culd style their hair. ____4____ They culd use this time t d their hair and make sure they lked the same as they did befre the class.
The researchers argue that since girls wrry a great deal abut hw they lk during their teenage years, it is imprtant that schls take these prblems seriusly. ____5____ Sme teachers feel sprts shuld keep yungers’ minds ff hw they lk. It shuld help them see the value f keeping physically fit, enjying team spirit and achieving their success and nt wrrying abut what their hair lks like.
A. Girls had the fllwing prblems with PE classes.
B. Even a quarter f them actually avid taking part.
C. Hwever, nt everyne agrees with the suggestins.
D. They als required 15 minutes at the end f the PE class.
E. Surprisingly, mst girls dn’t agree with this suggestin.
F. PE classes are ne way f getting yung peple t d this.
G. They als thught the materials used were nt gd enugh.
提高题
一
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Each fall brings a lt f pprtunities that attract yu t yur schl cmmunity. 1
2 Clubs are prbably the easiest and mst direct rute t getting invlved. Typically, high schls have clubs that fcus n a wide variety f tpics. D yu have a great affinity(喜爱) fr German films? 3 If yu answer “yes”, then yu are in luck! There are prbably clubs fr that. Usually, the best way t jin a club is attending an after⁃schl fair at the beginning f the schl year.
Try ut fr a sprts team! If yu have any interest in a sprt yur schl ffers, there is abslutely n harm in having a try. The wrst that can happen is that yu dn't make it and have t try next year. Sprts teams are a great way t make friends with peple wh have similar interests. 4 Sprts prvide a bst(帮助) t physical and emtinal health.
Vlunteer! 5 It culd be answering phnes in the main ffice at schl r travelling abrad t prvide internatinal aid. My pint is that vlunteer wrk culd be an incredible way t discver passins and shape yur persnality.
All in all, if yu're lking fr a fresh start, nw is the time! Chsing t get invlved in yur schl cmmunity by jining a club, trying ut fr a sprts team, r vlunteering is undubtedly smething yu will nt regret.
A.Jin a club!
B.Here are a few ways t get invlved.
C.Vlunteer wrk cmes in many frms.
D.What abut a desire t g int medicine?
E.There are varius benefits f vlunteer wrk.
F.It will als help yu share hbbies with thers.
G.They are als the perfect surce f daily exercise.
二
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Make Sure Yu Enjy Yur Trip
A trip is a planned jurney that ne arranges in advance and whse main purpse is t search fr adventure and t create a memrable mment. Here are the steps n hw t make sure yur trip is enjyable.
●Plan it well. Trips shuld be ideally planned t g well. 1 A checklist is helpful, making sure yu've gt all yur needs.
●Pack necessities. Bring what yu need. Trips are shrt jurneys and belng t the sub⁃level f traveling. Pack nly the things yu need. 2
●Be safe. T be cautius is smart. N matter what yu are up t, surfing, cliff diving, snwbarding r scuba diving, yu are always recmmended t be safe. 3 Dn't be stubbrn and put yurself in harm's way when there are precautins.
● 4 Yu may see delays(延误), different cultures, lifestyles, fds, and even a shrtage f cash smetimes—these are all what travel is abut—experiencing things frm a new perspective(视角). Once yu expect t experience new things, yu'll be a happy traveler and free frm stress.
●Save the memry. 5 This is nt ne f thse regular days s yu ught t save the mment. It will make yur trip mre enjyable after all that craziness;yu get smething t review the gd times.
A.Travel with an pen mind.
B.Get prepared fr everything new.
C.This is all we expect frm a trip.
D.Seize the mment by taking pictures.
E.It is imprtant t wear prtective equipment when necessary.
F.It is easy t get tired if yu have t many things in yur pack.
G.Take time, a day r a week ahead t make a plan fr yur trip.
三
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tennis, basketball, sccer, swimming—these are examples f the hundreds, r maybe thusands, f sprts in the wrld. Peple in every cuntry play sme kinds f athletic games. Why d peple spend s much time and energy playing sprts? 1
Gd health is ne big advantage f playing sprts. 2 Scientists in Finland discvered that even between twins, the ne wh exercised regularly had mre muscle, mre energy, and his/her heart and lungs were healthier. The ne wh did nt play any sprts had less energy and mre fat.
3 Anther reasn is that they want t be scial. Peple wh play n a team becme friends with their team members and meet players frm different teams. Sprts games becme enjyable scial events, nt just cmpetitins.
An additinal reasn fr playing sprts is that it makes peple feel gd. It des this in tw interesting ways. First, playing sprts makes peple feel gd abut themselves. 4 Secnd, when we exercise, ur brains prduce chemicals that make us feel gd. When peple run arund fr tw hurs playing a game f basketball, they ften feel great even if they lse the game.
There are a lt f ther reasns why peple play sprts, but studies shw that the biggest reasn is enjyment. When asked why they play sprts, mst peple say they play because it's fun. 5
D yu want t be healthy, scialize, feel gd, and have fun? Play a sprt.
A.It takes time t find a fun sprt.
B.They dn't have t play—they want t play.
C.Finishing a lng race can make smene feel cnfident.
D.It may be because playing sprts has a lt f advantages.
E.Gd health is nt the nly reasn why peple play sprts.
F.Exercise can make peple strnger and help them live lnger lives.
G.Sprts allw peple t realize the imprtance f physical and mental health.
四
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fear is a pwerful feeling. We hpe we can imprve ur kids with curage in the face f fear. We have t knw hw t help kids nt be afraid. 1 .
Pay attentin t their fears.
Being afraid is ne thing, but there's nthing wrse than n ne nticing the kids' fears. 2 . At the same time, cme beside them in dealing with fears.
Never laugh at them.
Laughing at yur kids when they share what they are afraid f can make them feel small and afraid. 3 , it desn't mean it's silly t them. Yu're an adult, s yu've learned hw t deal with silly things, but yur kids haven't.
Slve their prblems tgether.
When yur kids are afraid, yu've prbably realized the wrst thing yu can d is frce them t face their fears alne. That's nt what great parents d t their kids. Once yu understand their fears, yu can begin t help them deal with whatever they are. 4 , but als it will build cnfidence and a cnnectin between yu.
5 .
It's late at night. Yu just want t get yur kids t bed, but they cntinue t be awake and say they are afraid. Yu need t stay patient as lng as it takes. It is nt wise fr yu t allw yur kids t see yur anger with them. Yur anger will make yur kids mre afraid.
A.Be patient
B.Dn't make them angry
C.Here are fur things t d
D.Take their fears seriusly
E.Tell yur kids t learn t be clever, hnest and kind
F.Nt nly will this help them face their fears bravely
G.If yur kids share smething that seems silly in yur eyes
五
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Smetimes when we are learning a new language it can be really frightening t start speaking it with ther peple. 1 , as it will help us gain cnfidence in urselves. Here are sme great tips that can help yu vercme yur fear f speaking a new language.
•Accept that yu are ging t make mistakes and learn frm them.
Peple make mistakes all the time, especially when speaking a new language. Dn't be sad r feel disappinted if yu make mistakes; it's part f the prcess f imprving yur speaking ability. 2 . As Albert Einstein said, “Life is like riding a bicycle. T keep yur balance, yu must keep mving.”
• 3 .
Once yu have started speaking a new language, dn't be afraid t ask peple questins abut hw t say r prnunce smething. Mst f the time peple will be mre than happy t help yu if yu have any questins.
•Dn't be shy.
One f nn⁃native speakers' prblems is being t shy t speak. 4 . Be aware that mst peple speak mre than ne language and knw hw difficult it is t learn a new ne. Als, mst peple really dn't even ntice if yu say smething wrng.
•Enjy yurself.
Yu are learning anther language surely fr sme reasns, s g ahead, have fun, make mistakes and even invent new wrds! 5 .
A.Ask fr help
B.Try t be curius
C.It's all part f the prcess
D.This fear f speaking a new language makes us nervus
E.This can be the biggest prblem fr a lt f peple
F.Once yu have made a mistake, crrect it and carry n
G.Overcming this fear f speaking a new language is extremely imprtant
六
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym, ” while anther read: “___1___” With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle (微妙) cmpetitin.
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. ___2___ Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn’t result in a useful respnse. ___3___ If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. ___4___
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. ___5___ Over time, bth f yu will benefit — yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre (核心) f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
七
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Writing an essay is a difficult prcess fr mst peple. Hwever, the prcess can be made easier if yu learn t practice three simple techniques.
___1___ When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. Stay lse and free. ___2___ Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. Even thugh this technique wn’t wrk fr everyne, it helps many peple get a gd stre f ideas t draw n.
The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. ___3___ Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think f yur first draft as a path cut ut f the jungle—as part f an explratin, nt as a cmplete highway.
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. ___4___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks (大块) f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space. After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. ___5___ The resulting blank space invites yu t revise.
A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
八
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. ___1___. Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. ___2___.
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. ___3___, instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
Making Requests
___4___. In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries. ___5___, the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
九
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain (保持) lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact (联系) and share with ne anther. With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. ___1___.
·Mre isn’t always merrier
Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth. ___2___. There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___3___. The friend wh is remaining needs t be sensitive t all the additinal time demands placed n the friend wh has mved. The ne in the new envirnment shuld be sympathetic t the fact that yur friend may feel abandned.
· ___4___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships. Althugh technlgy might make day-t-day cmmunicatin pssible, extra effrt ges a lng way n special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track f friends’ birthdays and ther imprtant dates will make sure nthing slips by yu.
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
___5___, but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind