第06讲 形容词和副词-【暑假预习】新七年级英语暑假精品课讲义

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1、帮助孩子系统梳理上学期所学知识。带领孩子构建完备、扎实牢固的知识体系；
2、帮助孩子预习新学期功课。提前掌握重难点、考点、易错点，领先一步提高学习效率；
3、假期持续稳定的学习。避免孩子长时间沉迷于电视、手机，养成坏习惯，影响新学期学习。
第06讲 形容词和副词
衔接导图
温故知新
温故要点
例1在横线上填上恰当的单词
(1) She is a_______ singer. She can sing very_______.(好)
(2)He is a_______ by. He is sitting_______.(安静)
(1)gd well (2) quiet quietly
【思路解析】(1)句意:她是一个好歌手,她唱得好.表示“好”的修饰词有gd 和 well. gd 是形容词,well是副词.修饰名词singer,应用形容词;修饰动词sing,应用副词.
(2)句意:他是一个安静的男孩,他安静地坐着.修饰名词by,应用形容词quiet;修饰动词sit,应用副词 quietly.
【答案】
回顾总结
1.形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词,说明事物或人的性质或特征.它一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词前.多个形容词修饰名词时,一般按照大小、形状、颜色、质地来排序.
2.副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或其他结构,说明时间、程度、方式等.
衔接知新
知识清单
1.形容词和副词的级别
大多数形容词、副词有原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别.原级即形容词、副词的原形,如果表示“比较”“最”这样的概念,要用比较级和最高级.
2.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则
有规则的变化
不规则的变化
3.形容词/副词各等级的用法
(1)原级(同级)的用法
①as+形容词/副词+as..”表示“和····..一样”;②nt as( s)+形容词/副词+as...”表示“..··不如··...
(2)比较级的用法
①“比较级+than”表示“··比··..;②“比较级+and +比较级”表示“越来越.;③he+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越··,越··..
注意:比较级前可以用 much, a little, even 等修饰.
(3)最高级的用法
①“主语+be +the +形容词的最高级+单数名词+in/f短语”表示“是中最··的.:②“主语+be +ne f the +形容词的最高级+复数名词+i/f 短语”表示“.·是····当中最··的···之一.
过关检测
例2填空
I am_______ (thin) than Wang Jing, but she is the_______ (beautiful) girl in the class.
【答案】thinner mst beautiful
【思路解析】题干中的than是比较级的标志词,“is the+形容词的最高级+名词单数+in短语”是最高级形式的用法.thin的比较级是thinner, beautiful的最高级要在前面加mst.
例3单项选择
Of the shirts, I'd like t chse(选择)the_______ ne t save sme mney fr a cap.
【答案】A
【思路解析】Of the shirts在这些衬衫中,从比较范围看要用最高级,因此排除B、C项.动词save是“省下”的意思,根据题意,显然要买“最便宜”的一件了,可排除D项.
例4用所给词的正确形式填空
-It's fggy these days. That's terrible(糟糕的).
-Yes, I hpe t plant mre trees. The_______ (many) trees, the_______ (little) air pllutin.
【答案】mre less
【思路解析】句意:“这些天一直有雾.那太糟糕了.”“是的,我希望多种树.树越多,空气的污染就越少.”显然这道题是考查the+比较级,the+比较级”这一句式.
走出误区
这道题考查了the+比较级,the +比较级”的向式,以及many和little 的比较级的变化规则.很乡同学会错填成manier, littler,要注意many 和little 的比较级是不规则变化的.
即时演练
1.写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式
2.用所给词的正确形式填空
(1)My sister is_______ (beautiful) than me.
(2)The_______ (cheap)bags are nt usually the best nes.
(3)The by is nt s_______ (clever) as his brther.
(4) Lily sings_______ (well).She sings_______ (well) than Jhn, but Mary sings the_______ (well) in her class.
3.根据汉语意思补充下列句子
(1)这本书跟那本书一样有趣.
This bk is_______ _______ _______ that ne.
(2)她变得越来越漂亮.
She is becming_______ _______ _______ _______.
(3)他是他班里最胖的.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
领先训练
强化基础
1.用所给单词的正确形式填空
(1)The girls are singing and dancing_______ (happy) ver there.
(2)Our cuntry becmes_______ and_______ (strng).
(3) The_______ (much) fd he eats, the_______ (fat) he is.
(4)Mary's hair is as_______ (lng) as Lucy's.
(5)Ben jumps_______ (high) than sme f the bys in his class.
(6)Gina is ne f the_______ (beautiful) girls in her class.
2.单项选择
( )(1)-Which seasn d yu like_______, winter r summer?
-Summer.
( )(2)Hw_______ Cindy grws! She's almst(差不多)as tall as her mther nw.
( )(3)I have a lvely rm. It's the_______ in the htel.
( )(4)Tim desn't write English_______ his sister.
领先巩固
3.按要求改写句子,保持原意不变
(1) Tm is 172 cm. Jack is 176 cm.(用than 连接)
Tm is_______ than Jack.
Jack is_______ than Tm.
(2)Tny runs faster than Jim. Jim runs faster than Alice.(合为一句)
Tny runs the_______ f the three.
(3) His mdel plane flies highest in his class.
N ne's mdel plane flies_______ _______ his in his class.
培优挑战
4.阅读下面的短文,并根据内容填空
The USA is the furth largest cuntry in the wrld. It is smaller than Russia, Canada and China. Washingtn D.C. is its capital. But it is a quiet city. New Yrk is the biggest city in America and it's ne f the biggest cities in the wrld. It is in the east f the USA and at the suth f the Hudsn River. A large part f the city is n Manhattan Island(岛),a big island in the river. New Yrk has a larger ppulatin (人口) than Washingtn New Yrk, we can see the famus Statue f Liberty(自由女神雕像).
(1) The USA is the_______ largest cuntry in the wrld.
(2)Washingtn D.C. has a_______ ppulatin than New Yrk.
(3) A large part f New Yrk is n_______.
(4) New Yrk is ne f the_______ cities in the wrld.
中考链接
1.(2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题)Tny is ________ than Darning.
A.tallerB.tallC.tallest
2.(2022·湖北襄阳·统考中考真题)- Which d yu like better, math r physics?
-Bth f them are my favrite subjects. I think math is as _________ as physics.
A.interestingB.mre interestingC.less interestingD.mst interesting
3.(2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题)Mst peple dn’t like eating lemns because they taste ________.
A.lvelyB.sweetC.deliciusD.sur
4.(2022·湖南益阳·统考中考真题)-Is yur hair as ________ as Mary’s?
-N, it isn’t. Hers is ________ than mine.
A.lng; lngB.lnger; lngC.lng; lnger
5.(2022·广西柳州·中考真题)Jim is ________ than Peter.
A.tallB.tallerC.the tallest
6.(2022·江苏徐州·统考中考真题)Tday is much ________ than yesterday. Nice!
A.clB.clerC.clestD.the clest
7.(2022·吉林·统考中考真题)I ________ g t the art museum because I like painting.
A.ftenB.hardlyC.never
8.(2022·西藏·统考中考真题)The harder yu wrk, the ________ yu will be.
A.luckierB.luckyC.luckilyD.luck
9.(2022·上海·统考中考真题)This detective stry is _______ than the ne I read last night.
A.attractiveB.mre attractiveC.mst attractiveD.the mst attractive
10.(2022·辽宁鞍山·统考中考真题)-What’s the secnd ________ river in China?
-The Yellw River.
A.lngerB.the lngerC.lngestD.the lngest
11.(2022·山东滨州·统考中考真题)- This sng seems ________ these days. It was played everywhere when it came ut.
- That’s true. We seldm hear it nw.
A.ppularB.mre ppularC.less ppularD.the mst ppular
12.(2022·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题)-Lk! The United Natins(联合国) issued(发行) a stamp f the Grand Canal(大运河).
-Great! It is ________ in the wrld.
A.lngB.lngerC.the lngest
13.(2022·广西河池·统考中考真题)Katie is ________ f the three girls in her family.
A.yungB.yungerC.the yungerD.the yungest
14.(2022·山东菏泽·中考真题)-Which teacher will yu miss mst after junir high schl, Clara?
-Mr. Lee. He is always ________ with me in math class.
A.carefulB.patientC.busy
15.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题)-What d yu d t keep healthy?
-I d mre sprts and eat ________ fast fd.
A.lessB.fewerC.mre
16.(2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题)-Are yu ging t ride yur bike t the beach?
-Yes. It’s ________ f all.
A.cnvenientB.mre cnvenientC.mst cnvenientD.the mst cnvenient
17.(2022·北京·统考中考真题)After taking tennis classes, Tim is much ________ than last year.
A.strngB.strngerC.strngestD.the strngest
18.(2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题)- Uncle Wang, culd yu tell me the secret f yur gd health?
- In my view, ______ vegetables and ______ meat.
A.less; lessB.mre; mreC.mre; lessD. less; mre
19.(2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题)We will have a ________ hliday after the entrance examinatin fr senir high schl.
A.tw mnthsB.tw-mnthC.tw-mnths
20.(2022·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题)- Which d yu like _________, Chinese r English?
- Chinese.
A.gdB.wellC.betterD.best
21.(2022·青海·统考中考真题)-Yu did a great jb, Je!
-Thanks. I think yu can d it even ________.
A.betterB.bestC.well
22.(2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题)Listen t the teacher ________, class!
A.careB.carefullyC.careful
23.(2022·山东济南·统考中考真题)Althugh Lingling studies nline at hme, she studies ________ than befre.
A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.the hardest
24.(2022·湖南益阳·统考中考真题)-Des yur brther play cmputer games?
-N, he ________ plays them. He always reads bks.
A.smetimesB.ftenC.never
25.(2022·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题)Peple shuld ________ pick up the rubbish whenever they see it.
A.neverB.seldmC.smetimesD.always
26.(2022·山东滨州·统考中考真题)-Bill, I planned t give yu the card n Saturday, but I ________ frgt.
-That’s OK. I wn’t use it until next weekend.
A.cmpletelyB.recentlyC.quietlyD.clearly
27.(2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题)Tina gets up early every mrning, s she is ________ late fr schl.
A.ftenB.alwaysC.usuallyD.never
28.(2022·海南·统考中考真题)-Lucy, I’m pr in English. Culd yu give me sme advice?
-Yu can speak it as ________ as pssible.
A.muchB.mreC.mst
29.(2022·四川乐山·统考中考真题)The little by is ________ angry with his parents because he thinks they lve his sister mre.
A.neverB.seldmC.ften
30.(2022·天津·统考中考真题)Althugh he failed many times, he ________ gave up his dream.
A.nearlyB.neverC.ftenD.always情况
变化规则
原级
比较级
最高级
一般情况
直接加er/- est
tall
taller
tallest
以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词
直接加-r/-st
nice
nicer
nicest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词
双写辅音字母,再加-er/-est
big
fat
bigger
fatter
biggest
fattest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词
变y为i再加-er/-est
easy
heavy
easier
heaviest
easiest
heavier
双音节词和多音节词
在词前加 mre/mst
beautiful
mre beautiful
mst beautiful
原级
比较级
最高级
gd/well
better
best
bad/badly/ill
wrse
wrst
many/much
mre
mst
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
A. cheapest
B. cheaper
C. mre expensive
D. mst expensive
lng_______ _______
nice_______ _______
fat_______ _______
heavy_______ _______
bad_______ _______
few_______ _______
gd_______ _______
little_______ _______
thin_______ _______
far_______ _______
quickly_______ _______
A. well
B. better
C. best
D. the best
A. cute
B. strng
C. fast
D. tall
A. nice
B. nicer
C. nicest
D. mst nice
A. as clear as
B. s clear as
C. mre clearly as
D. as clearly as