第08讲 介词-【暑假预习】新七年级英语暑假精品课讲义

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1、帮助孩子系统梳理上学期所学知识。带领孩子构建完备、扎实牢固的知识体系；
2、帮助孩子预习新学期功课。提前掌握重难点、考点、易错点，领先一步提高学习效率；
3、假期持续稳定的学习。避免孩子长时间沉迷于电视、手机，养成坏习惯，影响新学期学习。
第08讲 介词
衔接导图
温故知新
温故要点
用at/in/n 填空
_______ the evening, I d my hmewrk. I ften g t bed_______ nine 'clck.
【答案】In at
【思路解析】 in the evening是固定词组,表示“在晚上”;表示在某个具体时刻,用at.
回顾总结
衔接知新
知识清单
介词,是一种虚词,不能独立使用,一般置于名词或代词之前.如:at, in, n 等.它常和名词或名词性短语构成介词短语.介词短语可以在句中作状语、表语、后置定语、宾语补足语,同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义.
1.方位介词in, n, at, under的用法
2.at 和in的其他用法
(1)表示动作的方向、目标,如:Let me lk at the picture,让我看看这张图.
(2)表示用某种方式,如:What's this in English?这个用英语怎么说?
(3)表示穿着、戴着,如:Helen is in yellw,海伦穿着黄色的衣服.
(4)表示在·-方面,如:He is weak in English.他在英语方面很弱.
3.by,fr,f,t,with等介词的用法
这些常见介词的用法有很多,在此我们仅列举以下几个主要用法
by表示“在”旁”“到·时候”“以方式”,
fr表示“为,对于,替”“由于”“给某人用”;
f 表示“······的,属于······的”“想到,谈到”“数量”“由······制成”;
t表示“到,往,向”“时间、数量,到······为止”“向,对,给”;
with 表示“和,与”“伴随状态＂.
过关检测
典题精讲
例2在横线上填入恰当的介词
He put up a map_______ the wall, because there was a hle(洞) _______ it.
【答案】n in
【思路解析】句意:他在墙上贴了一张地图,因为它上面有一个洞.n在物体的表面,in在物体的内部;“在墙上贴了一张地图”,是指在墙的表面上;“上面有一个洞”,是指在墙的内部.
走出误区
部分同学认为“墙上有个洞”要用n,这说明对介词n和in的用法理解有误.类似这个知识点的还有:“树上有许多苹果”要用n,“树上有许多鸟”要用in.
例3用“_______”画出下面句子中的错误,并改正
Mary ften helps her mther fr sme husewrk.
【答案】fr改为:with
【思路解析】help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事,一定要牢记介词短语的固定搭配.
例4用适当的介词填空
Here are sme Teachers' Day cards_______ ur teachers_______ ur best wishes.
【答案】fr with
【思路解析】句意:这是一些给我们老师的教师节贺卡,它们带着我们美好的祝愿.表示给某人用的,介词用fr,表示伴随状况的介词用with.
即时演练
1.翻译下列词组
2.单项选择
( )(1)The English teacher tld me t get there_______ half past ten.
( )(2)They ften talk t each ther_______ the phne.
( )(3) They are getting ready_______ the party.
( )(4)The shp is pen_______ 8a.m. _______ day.
3.下列句子中各有一处错误,请找出并改正
(1) Can yu say it n English?
_______改为: _______
(2) We can write in the pen.
_______改为: _______
(3) This is the way f the shp.
_______改为: _______
(4) There is a huse has a big garden.
_______改为: _______
领先训练
强化基础
1.选词填空
(1) Fujian is_______ the sutheast f China. (in/n/t)
(2) Thank yu_______ the beautiful flwers!(f/fr/t)
(3)My little sister was brn_______ March,2021.(in/n/at)
(4) I dn't like that film_______ all.(in/f/at)
(5) My parents arrived_______ Shanghai_______ 9:30_______ March 5th.(in/at/n)
(6) I usually g t wrk_______ bike.(by/n/with)
2.英汉互译,完成下列表格
领先巩固
3.根据提示完成句子
(1)There are many apples_______ _______ _______ (在树上).
(2) There are many peple_______ _______ _______ _______ (在公共汽车站).
(3) I like t sit_______ _______ _______ (在太阳下).
(4) D yu like t walk_______ _______ (晚饭后) _______ _______ _______ (在公园里)?
(5) Here's a birthday present_______ _______ (给你).
(6)It's_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (一张世界地图).
4.单项选择
( )(1)I smetimes help my mum with her husewrk_______ Saturdays.
( )(2)Yu see, Kevin is writing_______ his left hand.
( )(3)Mr. Green's ffice is_______ the 26th flr. Yu can take the lift there.
( )(4) _______ the way, when d we g t the cinema?
( )(5)Hurry up! The train is starting_______ five minutes.
( )(6)We can nt live_______ water.
( )(7) The basketball is_______ the bed.
( )(8)-Can yu tell me the way_______ the library?
-Sure.
培优挑战
5.选择适当的介词填空,每个词只能用一次
Mr. Read wrks (1) an ffice. Every mrning, he has breakfast (2) his wife at 7:30,reads his newspaper, drinks a cup (3) cffee and then leaves his huse (4) 8 'clck t wrk. One mrning, he is sitting (5) the breakfast table and reading his newspaper at 8:15. He desn't like t hurry, s he asks his wife (6) anther cup f cffee.“Anther cup?” She asks.“But aren't yu ging (7) the ffice tday?”“The ffice?" he says and lks up (8) his newspaper, “I think I am in the ffice!”
中考链接
1.(2022·山东济南·统考中考真题)Wrld Bk Day is ________ April 23 every year.
A.nB.inC.atD.by
2.(2022·北京·统考中考真题)We have histry class ________ three ’clck every Friday afternn.
A.atB.nC.inD.t
3.(2022·四川雅安·统考中考真题)I usually get up ________ 6:30 in the mrning. And yu?
A.atB.nC.inD.fr
4.(2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)________ spring, the days are ften windy and bright. It’s a perfect time t fly a kite.
A.nB.InC.AtD.With
5.(2022·湖南怀化·统考中考真题)Mingming will have a class meeting _______ 3:30 this afternn.
A.nB.inC.at
6.(2022·重庆·统考中考真题)Father’s Day cmes ________ June every year.
A.inB.nC.atD.t
7.(2021·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)The Cmmunist Party f China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A.inB.nC.frD.at
8.(2022·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题)-What time d yu usually g t bed?
-________ abut 9:00.
A.AtB.InC.On
9.(2022·青海·统考中考真题)-Excuse me, culd yu please tell me where the nearest restrm is?
-G ________ the hallway and turn left, it’s acrss ________ the teachers’ ffice.
A.alng; frmB.t; fC.dwn; t
10.(2022·四川·统考中考真题)The by was brn ________ 2014.
A.atB.inC.byD.n
11.(2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题)-Mrs Wang, when is Wrld Reading Day?
-It is ________ April 23 every year.
A.inB.atC.nD.by
12.(2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题)Nw students have mre free time ________ night because f the “duble reductin” plicy.
A.inB.nC.atD.t
13.(2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题)Each year, peple celebrate Wrld Envirnment Day ________ 5th June.
A.inB.atC.nD.with
14.(2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题)-Wrld Bk Day is________ April 23rd every year.
-I see. Mre than 100 cuntries arund the wrld hld all kinds f reading activities.
A.atB.inC.nD.by
15.(2022·辽宁营口·统考中考真题)Su Yiming gt his gld medal f 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics ________ the afternn f February 15th.
A.nB.inC.atD.fr
16.(2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题)The traditinal Chinese lunar calendar divides a year int 24 slar terms. Xiaman(a little full) usually falls _______ May.
A.inB.atC.nD.t
17.(2022·辽宁·统考中考真题)We’re glad t see that Shenzhu-14 rse int the sky ________ June 5, 2022.
A.inB.atC.nD.t
18.(2022·湖北恩施·统考中考真题)Maria went skating with her friends in the park ________ a sunny mrning.
A.atB.inC.n
19.(2022·湖北·统考中考真题)-I’m ging t Disneyland ________ tw weeks.
-Ww, sunds like fun！
A.tB.inC.atD.n
20.(2022·河北·统考中考真题)Lk! The fish is swimming fast ________ the river.
A.atB.inC.fD.by
21.(2022·四川乐山·统考中考真题)Shenzhu XIII came back t Earth safely ________ April 16th, 2022.
A.atB.nC.in
22.(2021·江苏淮安·统考中考真题)-What time des the library pen in the mrning?
-It pens ________ 9 a.m.
A.inB.nC.atD.between
23.(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题)We’ll celebrate the 100th birthday f the Chinese Cmmunist Party(中国共产党) July 1st this year.
A.inB.nC.at
24.(2021·广西桂林·统考中考真题)There is a new TV ________ the wall.
A.atB.fC.n
25.(2021·辽宁大连·统考中考真题)I ften d vlunteer wrk in the library ________ Sundays.
A.atB.inC.nD.fr
26.(2021·山东临沂·统考中考真题)We’ll have a class meeting ________ 3:30 this afternn.
A.inB.nC.at
27.(2021·四川凉山·统考中考真题)The Cmmunist Party f China was set up ________ July, 1921 and we will celebrate her 100th birthday this year.
A.nB.atC.inD.by
28.(2021·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题)Big sale! We have T-shirts _________white _________nly ＄6.
A.in; frB.f; frC.in; at
29.(2021·北京·统考中考真题)Space Day f China falls ________ April 24th every year.
A.nB.byC.atD.in
30.(2021·青海·统考中考真题)Lk! The sun is shining directly int the car. Yu’d better park it ________ the tree.
A.underB.in frnt fC.behindin
n
at
表示某一年份、季节、月份或者一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后)
表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上午、下午或晚上
表示在某个时刻或瞬间
in
n
at
under
指在某个空间内部
通常指一个人或物在另一个物体的上面,两者之间有接触面
表示在某个具体的场所或地点
常指一个人或物体在另一个人或物体的垂直下方,两者之间没有接触
(1)一个接一个_______
(2)从······到······_______
(3)在门后_______
(4)在周二晚上_______
(5)在夜晚_______
(6)用钢笔_______
(7)在夏季_______
(8)在七月_______
A. f
B. in
C. at
D. n
A. with
B. in
C. t
D. n
A. t
B. fr
C. at
D. abut
A. frm; t
B. at; at
C. at; t
D. frm; f
英文
中文
英文
中文
英文
中文
擅长
f curse
agree with sb.
等候
laugh at
help with
leave fr
准时
at hme
到达
by the way
照顾／照料
lk at
听
hear frm
寻找
turn n/ff
打开／关上
迟到
lk after
穿上
at nce
立刻
A. at
B. in
C. n
D. t
A. at
B. as
C. fr
D. with
A. at
B. in
C. n
D. fr
A. At
B. In
C. By
D. On
A. at
B. in
C. n
D. fr
A. with
B. by
C. fr
D. withut
A. under
B. at
C. in
D. with
A. frm
B. in
C. f
D. t
frm in at f with fr t at