专题11 状语从句-初中英语重要语法精讲精练（江苏专用）

这是一份专题11 状语从句-初中英语重要语法精讲精练（江苏专用），共8页。试卷主要包含了时间状语从句，条件状语从句，结果状语从句，目的状语从句，原因状语从句，让步状语从句，比较状语从句，地点状语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
概念：
指的是在主从复合句中作状语的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；若放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。
基本分类：

1.时间状语从句：When Susan ges t twn, she will visit her grandma.
2.条件状语从句：If he wrks hard, he will surely succeed.
按意义和作用
3.结果状语从句：Waste must be treated s that it des nt becme a danger t life.
4.目的状语从句：They wrked hard in rder that they might succeed.
5.原因状语从句：Mary didn't g shpping because I advised her nt t.
6.让步状语从句：Thugh we are all different, we need never be separate.
7.比较状语从句：I was happier than I had ever been in my life.
8.地点状语从句：I will g where I am needed.
9.方式状语从句：I have changed it as yu suggest.
考点一：让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由althugh, thugh等连词引导。例如：
Thugh he is yung, he knws a lt.
Althugh I am tired, I must g n wrking.
注意：althugh只能用在句首，而thugh既可以放句首也可以放句末。
(2)althugh(thugh)不能和but用在同一个句子中。例如：
Thugh it was raining hard, but he still went ut. （╳）
应该说：Thugh it was raining hard, he still went ut.或It was raining hard, but he still went ut.
考点二：时间状语从句
时间状语从句常用when, as, while, befre, after, since, till, until, as sn as等连词来引导。
It was raining hard when I gt t schl yesterday.
While he was ding his hmewrk, the telephne rang.
As he walked alng the lake, he sang happily.
He had learned a little Chinese befre he came t China.
After he finished middle schl, he went t wrk in a factry.
I’ll ring yu up as sn as I get t New Yrk.
I will tell him everything when he cmes back.
He wn’t believe it until he sees it with his wn eyes.
when，while，as三者均可译为“在……时候”。
①when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生；
例：He was riding t schl when he was hit by a car this mrning. 当他被一辆小汽车撞到的时候他正骑车上学。
②while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生；
例：They were singing while we were dancing. 我们在唱歌的时候他们在跳舞。
③as表示随着短暂动作的发生，另一行为伴随发生。
例：She sang as she walked. 她一边走一边唱歌。
1)用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边一边
例：The girl sings as she ges t schl.
2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行为,意思是随着的发展
例：As time went n / by, she became mre and mre beautiful .
3)表示两个短暂行为或事情几乎同时发生.
例：I watched her as she read the bk.
4)接在名词后面表示某一个年龄段时.
例：As a yung man, he was active in sprts.
用while或when填空
1. Please dn't talk s lud __________ thers are wrking.
2. _________ he came in, his mther was cking.
3. _________ we were at schl, we went t the library every day.
【答案】1. while 2. When 2. While
★当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时，其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”( 用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态)
【例题】
例1.I’ll ring yu up as sn as I _________（get） t New Yrk.
例2..I will tell him everything when he _________ (cme) back.
例3. He wn’t believe it until he _________ (see) it with his wn eyes.
【答案】1. get 2. cmes 3. sees
since: “自从”, ★重要考点: 现在完成时 (主句) + since+ 一般过去时 (从句)
Where have yu been since I last saw yu?
I as well as several clleagues have been in Beijing since 2010.
Mr. Green has made quite a few friends since three years ag.
It is fur years since my sister lived in Beijing.
→★It is +一段时间+ since+ 从句 (一般过去时)
练习：
My brther left schl in 2005, and since then he ________ in Beijing.
A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived
Great changes have taken place since we ______ E-Times. And the cmputer is widely used thrughut the wrld．
A. entered B. will enter C. have entered
My aunt is a writer. She ____ mre than ten bks since 1980.
A. writes B. wrte C. has written D. will write
China has ffered much help t Japan since it ______ by the earthquake and tsunami（海啸）.
A. hits B. is hit C. was hit D. will be hit
—Have yu knwn Dr. Jacksn fr a lng time?
—Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Sciety.
A. jined B. has taken part in C. has jinedD. tk part in
—Hw lng has Rbert ______?
—Since 2004.
A. been t Beijing B. becme a pliceman
C. jined the art club D. studied in this schl
【答案】ADCCAD
nt… 直到……才
… 直到……为止
① until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到……为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。
例：I waited until three ’clck, but he didn’t cme.
②nt … until表示“到……为止；直到……才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。
例：The children didn’t cme hme until it was dark.
注意：一旦看到否定，再看到选项中有until，可以迅速联想到“”结构，再结合句意进行判断选择。
考点三：目的状语从句和结果状语从句
①s that 表示为了...（表目的）
②， 表示如此...以至于...
s＋形容词/副词＋that从句
例：Nanjing is s beautiful that lts f visitrs cme here every year.
南京如此美以至于每年许多游客来这。
s＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词的单数＋that从句
例：Nanjing is s beautiful a city that lts f visitrs cme here every year.
南京如此美以至于每年许多游客来这。
s＋many/much/few/little＋名词＋that从句；
例：He had s little educatin that he wasn’t able t read r write.
他所受教育很少以至于他既不会读也不会写。
such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that从句；
例：She is such a gd girl that we all like her.
她是如此好的一个女孩，以至于我们大家都喜欢她。
such＋形容词＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋that从句。
例：They are such interesting nvels that I want t read them nce again.
这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。
注意：
①s that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /culd /may /might /will /wuld /shuld等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在s that前可以用逗号，意思是“因此;所以”。
②当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，s ... that ...可以与be ... enugh t d句型转换；当从句为否定句时，可以与t ... t ... 或be nt ... enugh t d句型转换。这也是常考题型，需要注意。
③如果名词前有many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用s, 不用such。
例：
①The bx is s light that he can carry it. = The bx is light enugh fr him t carry.
这个箱子够轻，他搬得动。
②That suit is s expensive that I can’t affrd it.
= The suit is nt cheap enugh fr me t affrd it.
= The suit is t expensive fr me t affrd it.
这套衣服很贵，我买不起。
③Sn there were s many deer that they ate up all the wild rses.
考点四：原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：
He didn’t cme t schl because he was ill.
As it is raining, we shall nt g the z.
Since yu can’t answer the questin, I’ll ask smene else.
(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从句多放在句首。例如：
------Why aren’t yu ging there?
------Because I dn’t want t.
As he has n car, he can’t get there easily.
Since we have n mney, we can’t buy it.
(3)because和s不能同用在一个句子里。
(4)because与because f 的区别:because后只能接句子，而because f 后面只能接名词或名词短语，不能跟句子。例如：Because f the bad weather, we put ff the sprts meeting.
Because it rained yesterday, we put ff the sprts meeting.
考点五：条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导条件状语从句时，一般遵循主将从现的原则。如果主句是一般将来时，情态动词加动词原形或祈使句时，状语从句用一般现在时。
例： I’ll help yu with yur English if I am free tmrrw.
Dn’t leave the building unless I tell yu t.
Yu mustn’t be late, if yu want t g there with me tmrrw.
(2)“祈使句 + and (r)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：
Hurry up, r yu’ll be late. =If yu dn’t hurry up, yu’ll be late.
Study hard and yu will pass the exam. =If yu study hard, yu will pass the exam.
注意：
①unless=if…nt.
如：Yu will get lst easily unless yu have a map.
= Yu will get lst easily if yu dn’t have a map.
②if既有”如果”也有“是否”的意思。作“如果”讲时遵循主将从现的原则，作“是否”讲时引导宾语从句。
例：I dn’t knw if he will cme back tmrrw.
I will g t Shanghai if I am free next week.
考点六：比较状语从句
比较状语从句，只用于两者之间进行比较的情况下，通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导，一般和比较级连用。例如：
Tm runs faster than Jhn des.
This classrm is as big as that ne.
巩固练习：
1、自从她去了国外，你们还保持联系吗？

【答案】Have yu kept in tuch with each ther since he went abrad？
【解析】考察since引导时间状语从句与现在完成时的时态结合。注意since的主从句时态；搭配：keep in tuch with.
2、当我来到山顶时，我精疲力尽，再也走不动了。

【答案】I was t tired ut t walk any farther when I reach the tp f the muntain.
【解析】考察时间状语从句以及否定句句型，t…t…的运用 注意时态；主过从过。
3、除非亲眼所见，否则你无法想象常州有多美丽。

【答案】Unless yu see it with yur wn eyes, yu can hardly imagine hw beautiful changzhu is.
【解析】考察条件状语从句，注意特殊句式 感叹句的形式。
4、直到手术成功父母亲才平静下来。
【答案】Parents didn’t calm dwn until the peratin was successfully.
【解析】考察until引导的时间状语从句，主过从过。
5、 情况将会持续，除非人类停止为老虎身上的皮毛和骨头而猎杀它们。

【答案】The situatin will cntinue unless humans stp hunting tigers fr their fur and bnes.
【解析】考察unless引导的条件状语从句,stp ding以及hunt fr的运用
链接中考：
（2022扬州市中考）3. ________ astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe.
A. ThughB. TillC. WhenD. Unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服来保护自己的安全。
考查连词辨析。Thugh虽然；Till直到；When当……时候；Unless除非。根据“astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe”可知当宇航员太空行走时，他们会穿宇航服，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。
（2022宿迁市中考）6. Yesterday, Lin Ta’s speech n hw t be a gd vlunteer was ________ wnderful that we culdn’t stp cheering fr him.
A. sB. veryC. tD. quite
【答案】A
【解析】句意：昨天，林涛关于如何做好志愿者的演讲精彩到让我们忍不住为他欢呼。
考查副词辨析。s如此，修饰形容词或副词；very非常；t太；quite相当。根据“wnderful that we culdn’t stp cheering fr him”可知此处是“s+adj./adv. that...”引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以致于”。故选A。
（2022连云港市中考）6. Kitty, these bks are heavy fr yu carry. Let me help yu.
A. B. C. D.
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定句式“”, 表示“太而不能”。
（2022无锡市中考）9. Yu will nt get the special gift ________ yu finish all the tasks.
A. afterB. becauseC. while D. unless
【答案】D
【解析】考查条件状语从句的连接词unless, 表示“除非”。
（2022泰州市中考）4. —It is impssible t finish the difficult task in such a shrt time n my wn ________ bth f us wrk tgether.
—N prblem. Let’s start!
A. ifB. butC. becauseD. unless
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——除非我们两个一起努力，否则我一个人不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的任务。——没问题。让我们开始吧！
考查连词辨析。if如果；but但是；because因为；unless除非。根据“It is impssible t finish the difficult task in such a shrt time n my f us wrk tgether.”可知，前后句是条件关系，除非两个人一起努力，否则不能完成任务。故选D。
（2022徐州市中考）47. Victry wn’t cme t me ________ I g t it.
【答案】 47. unless
【解析】句意：胜利不会向我走来，除非我走向胜利。句子前后是条件关系，除非走向胜利，否则胜利不会向我走来，用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。