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第4讲 过去进行时-2023年(八升九)英语新九年级暑假衔接自学讲义(人教版)(带答案解析)
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这是一份第4讲 过去进行时-2023年(八升九)英语新九年级暑假衔接自学讲义(人教版)(带答案解析),共18页。学案主要包含了定义及结构,用法,与一般过去时的区别,语法填空等内容,欢迎下载使用。
过去进行时
一、定义及结构
1. 定义
过去进行时,是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。
2. 结构:be (过去式)+ 动词-ing
二、用法
1. 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事情发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语when,while。
☞ My brther fell while he was riding his bicycle. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔了下来。
☞ It was raining when they left the statin. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
☞ They left the statin while it was raining. 天正在下雨的时候他们离开了车站。
☞ When I gt t the tp f the muntain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候,阳光灿烂。
【易混辨析】
2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。常用的时间状语:this mrning,the whle mrning,all day yesterday,frm nine t ten last evening。
☞ What was she ding at nine ’clck yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么?(介词短语表示时间点)
☞ When I saw him he was decrating his rm. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。(when从句表示时间点)
☞ We were watching TV frm seven t nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
☞ What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么?
3. 在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。
☞ While he was waiting fr the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他边等车边看报纸。(两个动作都是延续性的)
☞ He was cleaning his car while I was cking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有:agree,be,believe,belng,care,frget,hate,have(拥有),hear,knw,like,lve,mean,mind,ntice,wn,remember,seem,suppse,understand,want,wish等。
误:I was knwing the answer.
正:I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误:I wasn’t understanding him.
正:I didn’t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
三、与一般过去时的区别
1. 一般过去时叙述旧事,过去进行时描述背景。
A. 一般过去时
(1)叙述过去状态、动作或事件
☞ He went t Beijing the ther day.(带具体时间)
(2)表示过去的习惯
①wuld,used t与过去时
wuld 表间断性不规则的习惯,常带频率时间;used t 表一贯性有规律的习惯。
☞ They used t meet and wuld smetimes exchange ne r tw wrds.
☞ He smked a lt tw years ag. (过去行为)
② wuld不可用于句首,只表示过去的习惯。used t表示今昔对比的含义,叙述习惯动作时可与wuld 换用。
☞ When he was a by, he wuld ften g there. (叙述过去)
☞ She isn’t what she used t be. (今昔对比)
③表示状态时一般只用used t
☞ Tm used t be fat /There used t stand a tree there. (状态)
④was (were) used t +v-ing表示"合适于,适应于……"
☞ He used t wrk at night. ("习惯",表经常)
☞ He was used t wrking at night. ("习惯",表适应)
(3)表示过去的经历,平行动作,依次事件用一般过去时。
☞ He sat there and listened t the radi. (依次发生)
(4)表示客气委婉的语气,用于情态动词,助动词和want,wnder,hpe等
☞ Hw did yu like the film?
☞ Culd yu help me?
B. 过去进行时
(1)表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生的动作
☞ What were yu ding at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生)
(2)与always,ften,usually等连用表示喜爱、讨厌等感情色彩。
☞ He was always changing his mind.
C. 进行时表某一行为的"片断";一般时表示行为的"整体"和存在的状态。
☞ I was reading the bk at that time. (未读完,"读"的片段)
☞ I read the bk yesterday. (已读完,表整个"读")
D. 表示在过去的某段时间里一直反复持续进行的动作。
☞ It was raining all night.
☞ He was writing a letter the whle f afternn.
E. while时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。
☞ He brke a chair while he was jumping up and dwn.
F. while 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时,但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时,两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时,长的用进行时。
☞ I was cking the dinner while he was playing the pian. (平行)
☞ I cked the dinner while he played the pian.
☞ I saw him while I was walking t the statin.
【注意】
英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时(不用现在进行时和过去进行时)
(1)表心理状态、情感的动词,如lve,hate,like,care,respect,please,prefer,knw等,若用进行时则词意改变。
☞ I’m frgetting it. ( =beginning t frget )
(2)表示存在、状态的动词,如appear,exist,lie,remain,stand,seem等。
(3)表示感觉的动词,如see,hear,feel,smell,sund,taste等。
(4)表示人的期待、允诺、拒绝、结束的词,如accept,allw,admit,decide,end,refuse,permit,prmise等。
1. I ___________ n the cmputer when Frank called me last night.
A. wrkB. will wrkC. was wrkingD. am wrking
【答案】C
【解析】句意:弗兰克昨晚打电话给我时,我正在用电脑工作。考查过去进行时。wrk工作,动词原形;will wrk一般将来时;was wrking过去进行时;am wrking现在进行时。根据题干中“when Frank called me last night”可知此处表示当某件事情发生的时候,另一件事情正在进行,when引导的从句用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时。故选C。
2. —________did the rainstrm cme, Mr. Liu?
—While we ________ a chemistry lessn yesterday afternn.
A. When; have hadB. When; were havingC. While; are havingD. While; have
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——刘老师,暴风雨什么时候来的?——昨天下午我们正在上化学课的时候。考查when和while的区别以及动词的时态。When什么时候;have had现在完成时;were having过去进行时;While在……期间;are having现在进行时;have一般现在时。根据句意可知,问句提问的是暴风雨到来的时间,并且问句的动词cme是短暂性动词,而while引导的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词,所以第一空用特殊疑问词when,排除选项C和D。根据答句的句意和yesterday afternn可知,第二空应该用与过去相关的时态,故选B。
一、单项选择
1.While Thmas ________ a mvie, he ________ asleep and missed the ending.
A.was watching; fellB.were watching; fell
C.watched; was fallingD.were watching; was falling
2.I ________ my hmewrk frm 8:00 t 10:00 last night.
A.dB.didC.was ding
3.—We ________ a picnic in the park when it began t rain.
—Sunds bad!
A.are havingB.were havingC.will have
4.Mr Liu ________ his car at that time yesterday.
A.washesB.was washingC.is washing
5.—I called yu last night, but nbdy answered.
—I ________ a bath at that time.
A.haveB.hadC.was havingD.am having
6.At that time, Shawn and Lisa ________ the Ocean Flwer Island Museum in Danzhu, Hainan.
A.will visitB.were visitingC.visitD.are visiting
7.Wang Hng ________ her clthes at this time yesterday.
A.is washingB.was washingC.washedD.will wash
8.—What did the teacher say just nw?
—Srry, I dn’t knw. I _________ ut f the windw then.
A.lkB.am lkingC.lkedD.was lking
9.—What’s n the screen just nw?
—Srry, I didn’t ntice it. I ________ ut f the dr at that time.
A.lkB.lkedC.was lkingD.am lking
10.—I didn’t see yu at the beginning f the party last night.
—I ________ n bilgy reprt at that time.
A.wrkedB.was wrkingC.have wrkedD.am wrking
11.—Did yu see the mvie Wandering Earth 2 (流浪地球)?
—Certainly! And I had n wrds t describe hw I felt while I ________ it.
A.was watchingB.will watchC.am watchingD.watch
12.My mther was cking while I ________ t the radi.
A.listenB.listenedC.am listeningD.was listening
13.—Why didn’t Tim jin us yesterday? We lst the game withut him.
—I saw him in the bkstre yesterday. He ________ a bk at that mment.
A.readsB.is readingC.was readingD.will read
14.—Hey, Kate, this is Lily speaking. I called yu many times, but yu didn’t answer.
—Srry, Lily! I ________ a shwer. What’s up?
A.was takingB.tkC.takeD.am taking
15.Sun Hai ________ his mther make dinner when his father gt hme frm wrk.
A.was helpingB.helpsC.helpedD.is helping
16.—What were yu ding at 7:00 yesterday evening, Lisa?
一I ________ up the kitchen with my mther.
A.am cleaningB.cleanC.was cleaningD.cleaned
17.—When did the earthquake happen?
—While I ________ this mrning.
A.was exercisingB.exercisesC.will exerciseD.is exercising
18.Brian was sleeping ________ his mther was telling a stry.
A.untilB.whileC.befreD.after
19.Ben ________ ludly with his classmates when the teacher came in.
A.talkedB.talksC.was talking
20.We ________ English when ur English teacher _________ in.
A.were reading, cameB.read, came
C.read, was cmingD.were reading, was cming
21.—When did the accident happen?
—This mrning, while we ___________ a walk in the street.
A.takeB.was takingC.tkD.were taking
22.— D yu knw where yur brther is, Mark?
— Srry. I ________ abut a questin and I didn’t hear what yu said.
A.was thinkingB.am thinkingC.will think
23.—What ______ he _______ at this time yesterday?
—He was reading a stry bk.
A.is; dingB.did; dC.des; dD.was; ding
24.Mr. Smith as well as I ________ dinner at 6:30 p.m. yesterday.
A.is havingB.are havingC.was havingD.were having
25.She ________ TV when she heard a sund utside the rm.
A.watchedB.watchingC.was watching
26.—What did the teacher say in her speech?
—Srry. I ________ my e-mails, s I missed what she talked abut.
A.readB.am readingC.was reading
27.When I arrived hme yesterday afternn, my mm ________ in the kitchen and my dad was repairing his cmputer in the study.
A.ckedB.was ckingC.cks
28.—I called yu this mrning, but nbdy answered.
—I ________ the trees in my garden at that time.
A.plantB.was plantingC.am plantingD.are plant
29.We saw Tina in the park yesterday afternn. She ________ a picture at that time.
A.drawsB.will drawC.is drawingD.was drawing
30.Peter ________ speaking English at 8:30 yesterday evening.
A.is practicingB.practicesC.was practicingD.will practice
二、语法选择
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
When I was in primary schl, I fell in lve with reading. The bks 31 me t a wnderful wrld. 32 I read, the mre I wanted t knw. 33 , my parents culdn’t affrd s many bks. I had t slve the prblem by 34 .
There was a bk shp near my hme. One day I walked int 35 shp and picked up a bk. I didn’t knw whether I culd 36 there withut buying any bks. T make sure I wasn’t nticed, I just read 37 pages and then put it back. Luckily, n ne nticed me. After that, I went there t read every day. Several days later, while I 38 , the wner came up and asked, “Yu like reading?” I lked dwn and replied 39 . “Yes.” “Dn’t wrry,” he said with a smile. “Yu may read bks here 40 yu help me clean the shp.” I felt quite 41 , “Really? It’s s kind f yu!” I was very happy that I was allwed t read there. Frm then n, I spent a little time 42 the shp. After that, I quietly read there. In that way, I read lts f bks. I became ne f the best 43 in ur schl. I even wn 44 prizes in writing.
Nw studying in high schl, I can brrw bks 45 the library. My hbby f reading is kept. It will make a big difference t my life.
31.A.brughtB.are bringingC.bringD.have brught
32.A.The mreB.The mstC.MreD.Much
33.A.ButB.AndC.HweverD.Because
34.A.IB.mineC.myselfD.me
35.A.aB.anC.theD./
36.A.t readB.readsC.readingD.read
37.A.a fewB.fewC.a littleD.little
38.A.am readingB.readC.was readingD.will read
39.A.nervusB.nervuslyC.angryD.angrily
40.A.ifB.althughC.befreD.unless
41.A.surpriseB.surprised C.surprisingD.surprisingly
42.A.t cleanB.cleanC.cleanedD.cleaning
43.A.writerB.writersC.writers’D.writer’s
44.A.anyB.smeC.mreD.the mst
45.A.tB.frC.withD.frm
三、阅读理解
A
When Ben was 4 years ld, he lved t play Batman (超人) and fly all ver the huse. One night, when he tried t “fly” frm ne end f his bed t the ther, he fell dwn n the flr and hurt his arms. His mm put ice n his arms. “Batman,” she said, “we’re ging t the emergency rm (急诊室).”
When smene was hurt, the best place t g is the nearest hspital emergency rm. Als called the ER, it is pen 24 hurs a day.
When yu g int an ER, yu shuld wait fr a mment. When it’s yur turn, smene will guide yu t an examining (检查) rm. The dctr will talk t yu abut yur medical prblem and examine yu. Then the dctr will decide what t d next. Fr Ben, he needed an X-ray (X光) first. It shwed he had a brken arm.
Mst kids g hme after the dctr knws what the medical prblem is and decides hw t treat it. And the ER dctr might tell yu t “fllw up” with yur dctr. This means yu shuld d less exercise, rest well and visit yur dctr sn s that he can see if yu’re ding better and answer questins yu may have.
根据语篇内容,选择最佳选项,并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。
46.What happened t Ben ne night?
A.His knees were hurt.B.His legs were hurt.C.He brke his arms.D.He met a Batman.
47.What shuld yu d right nw when yu are hurt?
A.G t the nearest ER.B.Stay at hme.
C.G t the largest hspital.D.Take sme medicine first.
48.When is the ER pen?
A.Only in the daytime.B.Only at night.
C.On weekdays. D.Day and night.
49.Fr Ben, what did he need t d first in the ER?
A.Put sme ice.B.Stay in hspital fr twenty hurs.
C.Have an X-ray.D.Lie dwn and rest.
50.Which are the ER dctr’s suggestins after ging hme?
① D less exercise. ② Visit the dctr again.
③ Drink mre water. ④ Have a gd rest.
A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④
B
Belw are sme suggestins abut hw t help peple in pr areas. Which ne d yu think is the best?
根据语篇内容,选择最佳选项。
51.What’s the mst imprtant thing fr pr areas in Rbin’s pinin?
A.Mre experts.B.Gd educatin.C.Larger salaries. D.Better health care.
52.What des Bethany mean by saying “We need t help peple t help themselves”?
A.We shuld help the teachers in pr areas t imprve their teaching ways.
B.We shuld help peple in pr areas hw t build a gd gvernment.
C.We shuld help pr peple develp skills t make a living.
D.We shuld help peple in pr areas build mre schls.
53.What is Mary’s pinin?
A.Everyne shuld d what we can t help the pr peple.
B.It is nt gd fr peple’ t give s much mney t peple in pr areas.
C.It is very imprtant t have gd gvernment.
D.We can send mre teachers there t help peple in pr areas.
54.Which tw children have the similar ideas?
A.Bethany and Mary.B.Clin and Mary.
C.Rbin and Bethany.D.Rbin and Clin.
55.We can find these suggestins ________.
A.in the textbkB.n the websiteC.in the guidebkD.in the reprt
四、语法填空
In sme science fictin films, peple in the future have their wn rbts. The rbts are just 56 human beings. They help with the husewrk and d the mst unpleasant jbs.
Sme scientists believe that there will be such rbts in the future. Hwever, they agree that it may take hundreds f years. Scientists are nw 57 (try) t make rbts lk like peple and d the same things as 58 (we). Japanese cmpanies have already made rbts walk and dance. It is funny 59 (watch) this kind f rbts.
But the rbt scientist James White 60 (think) that it will be difficult fr a rbt t d the same things as a persn. Fr example, it’s easy fr 61 child t wake up and knw where he r she is. But rbts wn’t be able t d this. Other scientists dn’t think s. They think that rbts will 62 (prbable) talk t peple in 25 t 50 years.
Rbt scientists are nt just trying t make rbts lk like peple. Fr example, sme rbts are nw wrking in factries. They lk mre like huge arms. They d simple wrk ver and ver again, but they never get 63 (bre).
In the future, rbts will have many different 64 (shape). Sme might lk like human beings, and thers might lk like snakes. After an earthquake, a snake rbt can help lk fr peple under buildings. That may nt seem pssible nw, 65 cmputers and space rckets seemed impssible a hundred years ag. We never knw what will happen in the future.
参考答案:
1.A
【详解】句意:托马斯在看电影时睡着了,错过了结局。
考查while用法。while表示某个动作正在进行时,又发生了另一动作(该动作用一般过去时)。根据“While Thmas ... a mvie,”可知,此空填过去进行时;根据“he ... asleep and missed”可知,发生了“睡觉”这个动作,用一般过去时。由于“Thmas”是第三人称单数,be动词用“was”。故选A。
2.C
【详解】句意:昨晚8点到10点我在做作业。
考查过去进行时。根据“frm 8:00 t 10:00 last night.”可知,本句为过去进行时,其构成为:was/were+ding。因为主语“I”为第一人称单数,be用was,故选C。
3.B
【详解】句意:——天开始下雨时,我们正在公园野餐。——听起来很糟糕!
考查过去进行时。根据“when it began t rain”可知,在过去某一时间正在发生的动作,用过去进行时,其结构为was/were+ding。故选B。
4.B
【详解】句意:昨天那个时候刘先生正在洗车。
考查时态。根据“at that time yesterday”可知,时态为过去进行时,表示过去某个时间点正在发生的动作,结构为“was/were+动词现在分词”,主语为Mr Liu,be动词用was,故选B。
5.C
【详解】句意:——我昨天晚上给你打电话了,但是没有人接听。——我当时正在洗澡。
考查过去进行时。根据“at that time”可知,在过去某个时间点发生的事情,用过去进行时。故选C。
6.B
【详解】句意:当时,Shawn和Lisa正在海南儋州的海花岛博物馆参观。
考查时态。根据“At that time”可知,此处表示在那时正在发生的事情,应该用过去进行时,其结构为“was/were+动词现在分词”,主语为复数,be动词用were,故选B。
7.B
【详解】句意:昨天这个时候王红正在洗衣服。
考查过去进行时态。根据“at this time yesterday”可知句子要用过去进行时,即was/were ding;主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单was ding,故选B。
8.D
【详解】句意:——老师刚才说什么了? ——抱歉,我不知道。那时我正在看窗外。
考查时态。lk用于一般现在时;am lking用于现在进行时;lked用于一般过去时;was lking过去进行时;根据句中的否定回复,可推测被询问者没听清老师所说的话是因为当时正在做其他的事,应用过去进行时表那时正在做的事情。故选D。
9.C
【详解】句意:——刚才屏幕上有什么?——对不起,我没有注意到。当时我正往门外看呢。
考查谓语动词时态。根据“I didn’t ntice it.”和“at that time”可知此处应用过去进行时,其结构为was/were ding,主语是I,因此be动词用was。故选C。
10.B
【详解】句意:——昨晚聚会开始时我没看到你。——那个时候我在做生物报告。
考查时态。根据“I didn’t see yu at the beginning f the party last night.”可知回答聚会开始时在做什么,应用过去进行时。其结构是was/were ding。故选B。
11.A
【详解】句意:——你看过电影《流浪地球2》吗?——当然!我无法用言语来形容我在看它时的感受。
考查谓语动词时态。句子是while引导的时间状语从句,主句是一般过去时,从句应用过去进行时。故选A。
12.D
【详解】句意:当我正在听收音机时,我妈妈正在做饭。
考查动词时态。根据“My mther was cking while I…t the radi.”可知,此处表示两个动作同时进行,主句是过去的时态,从句也应用过去时态,此处是过去进行时。故选D。
13.C
【详解】句意:——昨天Tim为什么没有加入我们?没有他,我们输了比赛。——昨天我看见他在书店。那时他正在读书。
考查过去进行时。根据句中“at that mment”可知本句为过去进行时,其构成是was/were+现在分词,故选C。
14.A
【详解】句意:——嘿,凯特,我是莉莉。我给你打了很多次电话,但你都没接。——对不起,莉莉!我正在洗澡。怎么了?
考查动词时态。根据问句“I called yu many times, but yu didn’t answer.”和答句“ shwer.”可知莉莉给凯特打电话时,凯特正在洗澡,空处表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时,其结构为:was/were+ding。故选A。
15.A
【详解】句意:父亲下班回家时,孙海正在帮母亲做晚饭。
考查动词时态。此处是含when引导的状语从句的复合句,从句动作发生时,主句动作正在进行。根据“gt hme”可知,从句是一般过去时,主句应为过去进行时。故选A。
16.C
【详解】句意:——丽莎,昨天晚上7点你在做什么?——我和我妈妈在清理厨房。
考查过去进行时。根据“What were yu ding at 7:00 yesterday evening, Lisa?”可知,昨天晚上7点你在做什么?指的是在过去的某个时间正在进行的动作或事情,因此用过去进行时,根据过去进行时的构成,was或were +ding可知,是was cleaning。故选C。
17.A
【详解】句意:——地震是什么时候发生的?——今天早上我在锻炼的时候。
考查过去进行时。根据“When did the earthquake happen?”可知,此处表达的是过去发生的事情,又因为答语中“While”可知为过去进行时,故选A。
18.B
【详解】句意:当他妈妈在讲故事时,布莱恩正在睡觉。
考查连词辨析。until直到;while当……时候;befre在……之前;after在……之后。题目中的两个句子都是过去进行时,因而判断两个动作同时发生;表示同时发生时用while,引导时间状语从句,常和进行时连用。故选B。
19.C
【详解】句意:老师进来时,本正在和他的同学大声说话。
考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句,从句中came是动词过去式,主句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作,用过去进行时的结构,故选C。
20.A
【详解】句意:我们正在读英语,这时我们的英语老师进来了。
考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句,从句表示过去发生的动作,主句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情,所以从句用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时的结构,故选A。
21.D
【详解】句意:——事故是什么时候发生的?——今天早上,我们在街上散步的时候。
考查动词时态。take a walk散步。while引导的时间状语从句,从句一般使用进行时态;由“did”可知,事故发生在过去,因此从句要使用过去进行时,其构成为:was/were+动词的现在分词;主语we是第一人称复数,be动词用were;take的现在分词是taking。故选D。
22.A
【详解】句意:——你知道你的哥哥在哪吗,Mark?——抱歉。我正在考虑问题并且我没有听到你说什么。
考查过去进行时。根据“I didn’t hear what yu said”可知是说刚才对方说话时正在考虑问题,时态为过去进行时,其谓语结构为“was/were+ding”,故选A。
23.D
【详解】句意:——昨天这个时候他在干什么?——他正在读故事书。
考查动词时态。根据“at this time yesterday”及“was reading”可知,用过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情,故选D。
24.C
【详解】句意:昨天下午6点30分,我和史密斯先生正在吃晚饭。
考查过去进行时和主谓一致。根据时间状语“at 6:30 p.m. yesterday”可知讲述的是某个过去的具体时刻,句子应用现在时,其谓语结构为:was/were+ding。根据“as well as I”可知,as well as表示“和;除……之外(也)”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的数与离它最远的主语保持一致,主语Mr. Smith是第三人称单数,因此be动词用was。故选C。
25.C
【详解】句意:当她听见屋外的声音时,她正在看电视。
考查过去进行时。根据“when she heard a sund utside the rm”可知,当一件事情在过去发生时,另一件事情正在发生,用过去进行时。故选C。
26.C
【详解】句意:——老师在演讲中说了什么?——对不起。我正在看我的电子邮件,所以我没有听到她在说什么。
考查动词时态。根据“What did the teacher say in her speech”和“s I missed what she talked abut.”及语境可知,应是老师演讲的时候,我正在看邮件,所以没听到,讲述过去某一时刻正在做的事情,用过去进行时(was/were ding),故选C。
27.B
【详解】句意:昨天下午当我到家时,我的妈妈正在厨房做饭爸爸正在书房修理他的电脑。
考查过去进行时态。根据“When I arrived hme yesterday afternn,”可知事情发生在过去的一个时间点,应该是某人正在做某事。故选B。
28.B
【详解】句意:——我今天早上打电话给你,但没人接。——那时我正在花园里种树。
考查过去进行时。根据“at that time”可知,此句时态是过去进行时(was/were ding),强调在那个时候正在种树。故选B。
29.D
【详解】句意:昨天下午我们在公园看到蒂娜。她当时正在画画。
考查过去进行时。根据“We saw Tina in the park yesterday afternn.”及“at that time”可知,此句应用过去进行时,表示过去那一时刻蒂娜正在画画,结构为“was/were ding”。故选D。
30.C
【详解】句意:昨天晚上八点半,彼得正在练习说英语。
考查动词时态。根据“at 8:30 yesterday evening”可知,表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作,用过去进行时was/were ding的结构,故选C。
31.A 32.A 33.C 34.C 35.C 36.D 37.A 38.C 39.B 40.A 41.B 42.D 43.B 44.B 45.D
【导语】本文讲述了当作者在小学的时候,爱上了阅读,这些书把作者带到了一个奇妙的世界。
31.句意:这些书把我带到了一个奇妙的世界。
brught动词过去式;are bringing现在进行时;bring动词原形;have brught现在完成时。根据“When I was in primary schl, I fell in lve with reading”可知,句子时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选A。
32.句意:我读得越多,就越想知道。
The mre更多;The mst最多;Mre更多;Much许多。根据“the mre I wanted t knw”可知,此处是“the+比较级,the+比较级”的用法,表示“越……,越……”故选A。
33.句意:然而,我的父母买不起这么多书。
But但是;And和;Hwever然而;Because因为。根据“my parents culdn’t affrd s many bks”可知,此处和前句是转折关系,结合空后逗号可知,应用hwever,故选C。
34.句意:我必须自己解决这个问题。
I我,主格;mine我的;myself我自己;me我,宾格。by neself“独自”,是固定表达,故选C。
35.句意:一天,我走进书店,拿起一本书。
a用于辅音音素前;an用于元音音素前;the表示特指;/不填。根据“There was a bk shp near my hme.”可知,此处是再一次提到这个书店,应用定冠词the表特指,故选C。
36.句意:我不知道我是否可以在那里读书而不买任何书。
t read不定式;reads动词三单;reading动名词;read动词原形/过去式。culd是情态动词,后加动词原形,故选D。
37.句意:为了确保没人注意到我,我只读了几页,然后放回原处。
a few一些,修饰可数名词;few少量;a little一些,修饰不可数名词;little少量。根据“I just and then put it back.”可知,作者只读了几页,此处是表示肯定含义,且pages是可数名词复数,应用a few,故选A。
38.句意:几天后,当我正在读书的时候,店主走过来问:“你喜欢读书吗?”
am reading现在进行时;read动词原形/过去式;was reading过去进行时;will read一般将来时。根据“while”可知,是指作者当时正在读书,应用过去进行时,故选C。
39.句意:我低下头,紧张地回答。
nervus紧张的;nervusly紧张地;angry生气的;angrily生气地。结合语境可知,作者偷偷读书,被店主发现了,所以应该是很紧张的,此处修饰动词,应用副词,故选B。
40.句意:如果你帮我打扫商店,你就可以在这里看书。
if如果;althugh尽管;befre在……之前;unless除非。根据“Yu may read bks help me clean the shp”可知,后句是前句的肯定条件,应用if,故选A。
41.句意:我感到很惊讶。
surprise惊讶;surprised感到惊讶的;surprising令人惊讶的;surprisingly惊讶地。此处是作felt的表语,应用形容词,修饰人,应用surprised,故选B。
42.句意:从那时起,我花了一点时间打扫商店。
t clean动词不定式;clean动词原形;cleaned动词过去式;cleaning动名词。spend time ding sth“花费时间做”,故选D。
43.句意:我成了我们学校最好的作家之一。
writer作家,单数名词;writers复数名词;writers’复数名词所有格; writer’s单数名词所有格。“ne f the+形容词最高级”意为“最……之一”,后加名词复数,故选B。
44.句意:我甚至赢得了一些写作奖。
any一些,一般用于否定句或疑问句;sme一些,一般用于肯定句;mre更多;the mst最多。根据“I even in writing.”可知,作者甚至还得了一些奖,肯定句中应用sme,故选B。
45.句意:现在在高中学习,我可以从图书馆借书。
t到;fr为了;with有;frm从。“从……借……”,是固定表达,故选D。
46.C 47.A 48.D 49.C 50.B
【导语】本文主要讲述了Ben摔倒在地上,伤到了胳膊,他妈妈把他送到急诊室,文章详细介绍了急诊室的工作。
46.细节理解题。根据“he fell dwn n the flr and hurt his arms.”可知他伤到了胳膊。故选C。
47.细节理解题。根据“When smene was hurt, the best place t g is the nearest hspital emergency rm”可知当有人受伤时,最好去最近的医院急诊室。故选A。
48.细节理解题。根据“Als called the ER, it is pen 24 hurs a day.”可知急诊室是24小时开放。故选D。
49.细节理解题。根据“Fr Ben, he needed an X-ray (X光) first”可知Ben要先拍X光。故选C。
50.细节理解题。根据“This means yu shuld d less exercise, rest well and visit yur dctr sn s that he can see if yu’re ding better and answer questins yu may have.”可知医生建议应该少运动,好好休息,尽快再去看医生。故选B。
51.D 52.C 53.D 54.A 55.B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。讲述了四位学生对“如何帮助贫困地区的人们”表达的不同看法和建议。
51.细节理解题。根据“We shuld spend the mney n clean water supplies and better health care”可知,Rbin建议将捐助款用到清洁水供应和医疗保健上。故选D。
52.推理判断题。根据“I think the mst imprtant thing is t imprve the educatin f pr areas. There is an ld-saying …”可知,Bethany提议改善贫困地区当地的教育,让他们能自力更生。故选C。
53.细节理解题。根据“I think the best thing we can d is t send experts…help the peple in pr areas t help themselves.”可知,Mary建议应派遣更多领域的专家去帮助贫困地区的人们发展。故选D。
54.推理判断题。根据Bethany建议的“imprve the educatin f pr areas”和Mary建议的“send experts like engineers, dctrs and teachers t help the peple”可知,Bethany与Mary的观点相似,都与教育有关。故选A。
55.推理判断题。根据四位来自同年级不同班的同学们就这个主题发表的言论可推测,这篇文章最有可能会出现在学校或者社团的的网站上。故选B。
56.like 57.trying 58.us 59.t watch 60.thinks 61.a 62.prbably 63.bred 64.shapes 65.but
【导语】本文主要设想了未来机器人的情况,包括外观,以及可以做的事情。
56.句意:机器人就像人类一样。根据后文的“t make rbts lk like peple”可知让机器人看起来像人,因此是电影中的机器人像人一样,be like表示“像”。故填like。
57.句意:科学家们现在正试图让机器人看起来像人,做和我们一样的事情。此处是现在进行时,are后接现在分词形式。故填trying。
58.句意:科学家们现在正试图让机器人看起来像人,做和我们一样的事情。介词as后接人称代词宾格。故填us。
59.句意:观看这种机器人很有趣。句型it is +adj.+t d sth表示“做某事如何”,应用不定式作真正的主语。故填t watch。
60.句意:但机器人科学家詹姆斯·怀特认为,机器人很难做与人相同的事情。句子是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填thinks。
61.句意:孩子很容易醒来并知道他或她在哪里。此处应用不定冠词表示泛指一个孩子,child是辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
62.句意:他们认为机器人可能将在25到50年后与人交谈。此处应用副词修饰动词talk,prbably表示“可能地”。故填prbably。
63.句意:他们一遍又一遍地做简单的工作,但他们从来没有感觉无聊。句子主语they指代机器人,应用-ed结尾形容词bred表示“感觉无聊的”。故填bred。
64.句意:未来,机器人将有许多不同的形状。different后接可数名词复数。故填shapes。
65.句意:现在看来这是不可能的,但计算机和太空火箭在一百年前似乎是不可能的。根据“That may nt seem pssible nw, and space rckets seemed impssible a hundred years ag.”可知空格前后句子是转折关系,应用but表示。故填but。
when和while的区别
(1)when意为"在……时;当……的时候",常指在某个时间点,可表示时间点或时间段,由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是瞬间动词。
☞ I was just reading a bk when she came int my rm. 她走进我房间时,我正在看书。
(2)while意为"当……的时候",只表示时间段,常指某个时间段,由while引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般过去时,从句用过去进行时。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词,且多用于进行时态。强调主句与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。
☞ While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Ta came t see him. 吉姆正在修他的自行车时,林涛来看他了。
Rbin, frm Class 1, Grade 8I think health is the mst imprtant thing. We need t make sure that the mney we give t the charity(慈善机构) is spent wisely. We shuld spend the mney n clean water supplies (供应)and better health care.
Bethany, frm Class 2, Grade 8I think the mst imprtant thing is t imprve the educatin f pr areas. There is an ld-saying “If yu give a man a fish, yu’ll feed him fr a day. If yu teach him hw t fish, yu’ ll feed him fr a lifetime.” We need t help peple t help themselves.
Clin, frm Class 3, Grade 8Peple seem t give a lt mre mney t charity when there is a sudden huge disaster(灾难). It’s gd fr peple t d s, but I think everyne shuld give a small part f their salary(工资) t charity; If everyne did .that, it wuld make a difference.
Mary, frm Class 4, Grade 8 Giving mney t charity can help, but it is nt the final and best answer. I think the best thing we can d is t send experts(专家) like engineers, dctrs and teachers t help the peple in pr areas t help themselves.
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