[英语]河南省商丘地区重点高中联考2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语]河南省商丘地区重点高中联考2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试试题(解析版)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共16小题，共38分。
A
Lately, an 86.6-metre-tall mass-timber (拼接木材) twer in Milwaukee, Wiscnsin designed by Krb+Assciates Architects, has been certified as the wrld’s tallest timber building. Lcated in a neighburhd near the lakefrnt, the 25-strey twer is made almst entirely frm timber except fr the base, elevatrs and stair shafts (竖井).
The structure tk nly tw years t build. It has a cncrete-framed pdium (基座) at the base that is six streys tall and the 19-strey timber twer rises frm the pdium. The cre cntaining the elevatr shaft and staircase is made f cncrete t help the building deal with wind and earthquakes, as well as fr fire safety reasns. “Our cres are cncrete,” Krb+Assciates Architects funder Jasn Krb said.
Thrntn Tmasetti assciate Alejandr Fernandez, wh wrked n the prject, said that the city required a three-hur fire rating fr the clumns, s the team wrked with the Frest Prducts Labratry t ptimize the clumns t meet this standard. “We think it was the first three-hur fire testing n clumns,” said Fernandez, adding that the flr plates had a tw-hur rating, meaning the cmpnents can burn fr tw hurs withut lsing structural integrity.
Because f requirements preventing external wd expsure and the develper’s desire t capture the lake views, the utside f the structure is made almst entirely f glass and metal panelling.
Bth Krb and Fernandez agreed that many f the drivers behind the prject were ecnmic—frm the real estate perspective f the façade (建筑物正面) t the cst restrictins f the timber. Much f the wd was surced frm Austria because surcing high-quality supplies frm Nrth American manufacturers wuld have been t expensive. Ecnmic benefits were increased by labur usage f the prject. Krb estimated that the prject used abut 25 per cent f the nsite labur required fr a cncrete structure and that it was cmpleted in abut half the time.
Bth Fernandez and Krb believe that the twer will prvide further prf f cncept fr develpers wh are lking t create innvative structures frm timber. And mid-rise develpments like these that “attract peple t the urban cre” are a “gd” thing, Krb added.
1. What can we knw abut the building?
A. It is abut 19-strey tall. B. Its cres are made f timber.
C. It is the tallest building in the wrld.D. It can stand three-hur fire testing n clumns.
2. Where is the wd used fr cnstructin frm?
A. Austria.B. Nrth America.
C. The Wiscnsin state.D. The Frest Prducts Labratry.
3. What des Krb think f the prject?
A. It is time-saving.B. It is difficult and cstly.
C. It is envirnment-friendly.D. It is energy-cnsuming.
4. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Mre develpers will chse timber t build tall buildings.
B. The timber twer is a gd example f innvative structure.
C. Mid-rise develpments will becme mre and mre ppular.
D. Innvative structures frm timber will need mre imprvements.
【参考答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了近年来欧美国家出现了一些用拼接木材建造的高楼，其中一栋去年完工的大楼是目前全世界最高的木制建筑。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“s the team wrked with the Frest Prducts Labratry t ptimize the clumns t meet this standard. “We think it was the first three-hur fire testing n clumns,” said Fernandez”（因此该团队与森林产品实验室合作，优化这些柱子，以满足这一标准。费尔南德斯说：“我们认为这是对柱子进行的第一次三小时的防火测试。”）可知，关于这栋楼我们知道它的柱子可以经受三个小时的防火测试。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Much f the wd was surced frm Austria because surcing high-quality supplies frm Nrth American manufacturers wuld have been t expensive.”（大部分木材来自奥地利，因为从北美制造商那里采购高质量的木材成本太高。）可知，建筑用的木材来自奥地利。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Krb estimated that the prject used abut 25 per cent f the nsite labur required fr a cncrete structure and that it was cmpleted in abut half the time.”（Krb估计，该项目使用了混凝土结构所需的25%的现场劳动力，并在大约一半的时间内完成。）可推知，Krb认为这个项目很省时。故选A项。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Bth Fernandez and Krb believe that the twer will prvide further prf f cncept fr develpers wh are lking t create innvative structures frm timber.”（Fernandez和Krb都认为，这座塔将为那些寻求用木材创造创新结构的开发商提供进一步的概念证明。）可推知，木塔是创新结构的一个很好的例子。故选B项。
B
Cyberspace (网络空间) is cnstantly develping and presenting new pprtunities, as the desire f businesses t quickly adpt new technlgies, such as using the Internet t pen new channels and adpting clud services, prvides vast pprtunity. But, it als brings unexpected risks and unintended cnsequences that can have a ptentially negative effect.
Hardly a day ges by withut news f a new cyber threat. Unfrtunately, businesses tend t misjudge hw much risk they face frm cyber crimes and hw quickly this risk can develp. Fr them, the cmmercial, reputatinal and financial risks that g with cyberspace presence are real and grwing every day.
S all businesses need t d nw is establish cyber security within their rganizatin, right?
Establishing cyber security alne is nt enugh. Nwadays, it is nt very difficult fr attackers t break security and stp the verall business system. Preventive measures are nt enugh t stp them. With the advancement f technlgy, hackers (黑客) have been changing and develping. S business risk management shuld include risk resilience (复原力) s that businesses can respnd t any damaging cyberspace activity. Cyber resilience helps businesses successfully recver t their pre-attack business prcesses and business peratins.
Building cyber resilience is nt easy. A key finding f an authentic cyber-resilience reprt is that n rganizatin can respnd effectively n its wn t the threats frm cyberspace. Organisatins must wrk tgether t share intelligence and resurces. In this way the quality, usability and authenticity f intelligence will be greatly imprved.
5. What is the purpse f the first paragraph?
A. T make the develpment f cyberspace knwn.
B. T shw the great cntributins frm business.
C. T make the technlgies adpted by businesses attractive.
D. T make the tpic appealing.
6. Frm the authr’s perspective, businesses are ________.
A. lacking in awareness f cyber safety.B. financially abundant.
C. managed successfully.D. develped in judgment.
7. Cyber resilience is currently necessary fr the reasn that ________.
A. it can prevent attacks.B. threats are always transfrming.
C. cyber security desn’t wrk nw.D. it keeps all the hackers ff the internet.
8. What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. Effective resilience can be built by an rganizatin alne.
B. Jint effrts are required in the frmatin f true resilience.
C. A great amunt f difficulty prevented building resilience.
D. The cyberspace threat is nthing when cperatin is used.
【参考答案】5. D 6. A 7. B 8. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。网络的迅速发展带来了机遇的同时也带来了意想不到的风险和可能产生潜在负面影响的意想不到的后果。作者认为所有企业现在需要做的就是联合起来在他们的组织内建立网络安全。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But, it als brings unexpected risks and unintended cnsequences that can have a ptentially negative effect.(但是，它也带来了意想不到的风险和意想不到的后果，可能会产生潜在的负面影响。)”可知，第一段是为了使话题具有吸引力。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Unfrtunately, businesses tend t misjudge hw much risk they face frm cyber crimes and hw quickly this risk can develp.(不幸的是，企业往往会错误判断他们面临的网络犯罪风险有多大，以及这种风险发展的速度有多快。)”可知，在作者看来，企业缺乏网络安全意识，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“With the advancement f technlgy, hackers (黑客) have been changing and develping. S business risk management shuld include risk resilience (复原力) s that businesses can respnd t any damaging cyberspace activity.(随着技术的进步，黑客一直在变化和发展。因此，企业风险管理应该包括风险恢复能力，以便企业能够应对任何破坏性的网络活动。)”可知，因为威胁一直在变化，所以现在网络复原力是必要的。故选B。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“Organisatins must wrk tgether t share intelligence and resurces. In this way the quality, usability and authenticity f intelligence will be greatly imprved.(各组织必须合作共享情报和资源。这样，智能的质量、可用性和真实性将大大提高。)”可知，最后一段主要是讲真正的恢复能力需要组织的共同努力。故选B。
C
The plastic value chain faces tw key challenges: cntrlling plastic waste and reducing greenhuse gas emissins. The chemical industry has a unique rle t play in addressing these challenges. Cperatin between upstream and dwnstream partners is essential t develp slutins that reduce plastic pllutin and emissins in plastic prductin. SABIC(Saudi Basic Industries Crpratin)is at the frefrnt f these effrts.
SABIC has set specific gals, including a cmmitment t achieve icarbn neutrality(碳中和) by 2050. T realize this gal, the cmpany has utlined a Carbn Neutrality Radmap that fcuses n five pathways: energy efficiency; renewable energy; electrificatin; carbn capture, usage and strage(CCUS); and green/blue hydrgen.
Recgnizing the scale f the challenges, SABIC understands that prgress cannt be made alne. The cmpany actively cperates thrugh initiatives, such as the Lw — Carbn Emitting Technlgies(LCET) initiative, where chemical cmpanies wrk tgether t accelerate the develpment f technlgy slutins fr carbn neutrality.
Partnerships are als vital in addressing plastic waste. SABIC is a funding member f the Alliance(联盟) t End Plastic Waste, an rganizatin that brings stakehlders(利益相关者) frm acrss the value chain tgether t take cllective actin n the grund. The alliance wrks twards a future where plastic prducts never end up in landfills r ceans, but instead are reused r transfrmed int new prducts. SABIC is als actively invlved in driving the transitin frm a linear t a circular carbn ecnmy. As respnsible plastic prducers, SABIC recgnizes the imprtance f ffering sustainable materials t custmers.
Althugh the chemical industry has made significant prgress, there is still mre wrk t d t achieve the gals. SABIC is already making prgress n the cmplex, lng—term effrt required and will cntinue t partner with thers t increase the slutins needed t push meaningful change.
9. What kind f difficulty is the plastic value chain faced with?
A. Explring renewable energy.B. Reducing plastic prductin.
C. Decreasing plastic pllutin.D. Achieving carbn neutrality.
10. What is vital fr chemical cmpanies accrding t paragraph 3 and paragraph 4?
A. Technlgy develpment.B. Partners’ cperatin.
C. Carbn neutrality.D. Sustainable develpment.
11. Which best describes SABIC’s effrts?
A. FruitlessB. Predictable.C. Frustrating.D. Rewarding.
12. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. SABIC: A leader mapping the path frward.
B. SABIC: A leader slving the plastic pllutin.
C. SABIC: A leader reducing greenhuse gas emissin.
D. SABIC:A leader funding the plastic value chain.
【参考答案】9. C 10. B 11. D 12. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了料价值链面临的两个挑战，以及沙特基础工业公司所做的努力和结果。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段中“The plastic value chain faces tw key challenges: cntrlling plastic waste and reducing greenhuse gas emissins.(塑料价值链面临两个关键挑战：控制塑料废物和减少温室气体排放)”可知，塑料价值链面临的挑战之一就是减少塑料污染。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Recgnizing the scale f the challenges, SABIC understands that prgress cannt be made alne. (认识到挑战的规模，沙特基础工业公司明白，进展不可能单独取得)”以及第四段中“Partnerships are als vital in addressing plastic waste. (伙伴关系在处理塑料废物方面也至关重要)”可知，合作伙伴的合作对化工公司解决问题至关重要。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Althugh the chemical industry has made significant prgress, there is still mre wrk t d t achieve the gals. SABIC is already making prgress n the cmplex, lng—term effrt required and will cntinue t partner with thers t increase the slutins needed t push meaningful change.(尽管化学工业取得了重大进展，但要实现这些目标，还有更多的工作要做。沙特基础工业公司已经在复杂的长期努力中取得了进展，并将继续与其他公司合作，增加推动有意义变革所需的解决方案)”可知， SABIC的努力没有付诸流水，是有成效和意义的。故选D。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段“The plastic value chain faces tw key challenges: cntrlling plastic waste and reducing greenhuse gas emissins. The chemical industry has a unique rle t play in addressing these challenges. Cperatin between upstream and dwnstream partners is essential t develp slutins that reduce plastic pllutin and emissins in plastic prductin. SABIC(Saudi Basic Industries Crpratin)is at the frefrnt f these effrts.(塑料价值链面临两个关键挑战：控制塑料废物和减少温室气体排放。化学工业在应对这些挑战方面发挥着独特的作用。上游和下游伙伴之间的合作对于制定减少塑料生产中的塑料污染和排放的解决方案至关重要。沙特基础工业公司(SABIC)站在这些努力的最前沿。)”和下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了料价值链面临的两个挑战，以及沙特基础工业公司所做的努力和结果。因此A项“沙特基础工业公司：一个规划未来道路的领导者”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
D
One recent reprt fund that adults in the US check their phnes, n average, 344 times a day — nce every fur minutes — and spend almst three hurs a day n their devices in ttal. The prblem fr many f us is that ne quick phne-related task leads t a quick check f ur email r scial media feeds, and suddenly we’ve been sucked int endless scrlling (滚屏).
It’s a vicius circle. The mre useful ur phnes becme, the mre we use them. The mre we use them, the mre we lay neural pathways in ur brains that lead t picking up ur phnes fr whatever task is at hand — and the mre we feel an urge t check ur phne even when we dn’t have t.
What we d knw is that the simple distractin f checking a phne r seeing a ntificatin can have negative cnsequences. This isn’t very surprising; we knw that, in general, multitasking harms memry and perfrmance. One f the mst dangerus examples is phne use while driving.
In anther recent study, researchers asked participants t either put their phnes next t them s they were visible (like n a desk), nearby and ut f sight (like in a bag r pcket), r in anther rm. Participants then cmpleted a series f tasks t test their abilities t prcess and remember infrmatin, their prblem-slving, and their fcus. They were fund t perfrm far better when their phnes were in anther rm instead f nearby — whether visible, pwered n r nt. That held true even thugh mst f the participants claimed nt t be cnsciusly (有意识地) thinking abut their devices.
The mere prximity (靠近) f a phne, it seems, cntributes t “brain drain”. Our brains may be subcnsciusly hard at wrk in cntrlling the desire t check ur phnes, r cnstantly mnitring the envirnment t see if we shuld check ur phne (eg, waiting fr a ntificatin). Either way, this diverted attentin can make ding anything else mre difficult. The nly “fix”, the researchers fund, was putting the device in a different rm entirely.
13. Hw des the authr bring up the tpic f the text?
A. By ffering a piece f news.B. By sharing a magazine article.
C. By describing his wn experience.D. By citing previus research findings.
14. What des the underlined wrd “vicius” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Full.B. Magic.C. Tight.D. Bad.
15. What des the authr advise us t d t avid mbile phne distractin?
A. Never wait fr a ntificatin.
B. Use ur phne as little as pssible.
C. Stay away frm ur phne when ding things.
D. Fcus n ne thing when finishing difficult things.
16. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. The Prs and Cns f Using Mbile Phnes.
B. Hw Have Mbile Phnes Changed Our Brains Negatively?
C. The Cnsequences f Using Mbile Phnes.
D. D Yu Want t Cntrl the Desire t Check Yur Mbile Phnes?
【参考答案】13. D 14. D 15. C 16. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们在手机上耗费了大量的时间，频繁查看手机。手机的使用对大脑产生负面影响。要避免手机分散自己的注意力，唯一的方法是彻底远离手机。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“One recent reprt fund that adults in the US check their phnes, n average, 344 times a day — nce every fur minutes — and spend almst three hurs a day n their devices in ttal.”（最近的一份报告发现，美国成年人平均每天查看手机344次——每4分钟一次——每天总共花在手机上的时间接近3个小时。）可推知，作者通过引用之前的研究结果来提出文章的主题。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The mre useful ur phnes becme, the mre we use them. The mre we use them, the mre we lay neural pathways in ur brains that lead t picking up ur phnes fr whatever task is at hand — and the mre we feel an urge t check ur phne even when we dn’t have t.”（我们的手机越有用，我们使用它们的次数就越多。我们使用它们的次数越多，大脑中的神经通路就越多，这些神经通路会导致我们不管手头上有什么事要处理，都会拿起手机，并且我们也会更想看手机，即使没有必要。）故可猜测，频繁查看手机是一个不好的循环，划线单词vicius与选项D项Bad“糟糕的，坏的”意思一致。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Either way, this diverted attentin can make ding anything else mre difficult. The nly “fix”, the researchers fund, was putting the device in a different rm entirely.”（不管怎样，这种分散的注意力会让做其他事情变得更加困难。研究人员发现，唯一的“解决办法”就是把设备完全放在不同的房间里。）可推知，作者建议我们做事的时候远离手机来避免手机分心。故选C项。
【16题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“The mere prximity (靠近) f a phne, it seems, cntributes t “brain drain”. Our brains may be subcnsciusly hard at wrk in cntrlling the desire t check ur phnes, r cnstantly mnitring the envirnment t see if we shuld check ur phne (eg, waiting fr a ntificatin). Either way, this diverted attentin can make ding anything else mre difficult.”（仅仅是靠近手机似乎就会导致“脑力损耗”。我们的大脑可能在潜意识里努力抑制查看手机的欲望，或者始终留心着我们是否应该查看手机（比方说等待出现通知）。不管怎样，分心会让你做其他事情变得更困难。）可知，文章主要讲的是手机的使用对大脑产生负面影响。要避免手机分散自己的注意力，唯一的方法是彻底远离手机。故文章最好的标题是“手机如何给我们的大脑带来负面影响？”。故选B项。
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Cnflict is a nrmal part f any healthy relatinship. ____17____ The key is nt t fear r try t avid cnflict but t learn hw, t slve it in a healthy way.
When cnflict is mismanaged, it can cause great harm t a relatinship, but , when handled in a respectful, psitive way, _____18_____ Whether yu’re experiencing cnflict, at hme, wrk, r schl, learning skills can help yu reslve differences in a healthy way and build strnger, mre rewarding relatinships.
_____19_____ It ccurs whenever peple disagree ver their values, mtivatins, perceptins, ideas, r desires. Smetimes these differences appear trivial, but when a cnflict triggers strng feelings, a deep persnal need is ften at the cre f the prblem. These needs can range frm the need t feel safe and secure r respected and valued, t the need fr greater clseness and intimacy.
Think abut the ppsing needs f a tddler and a parent. The child’s need is t explre, s venturing t the street r the cliff edge meets that need. But the parent’s need is t prtect the child’s safety, a heed that can nly be met by limiting the tddler’s explratin. ____20____
The ability t successfully reslve cnflict depends n yur ability t:
___21___ By staying calm, yu can accurately read and interpret verbal and nnverbal cmmunicatin. Cntrl yur emtins and behavir. When yu’re in cntrl f yur emtins, yu can cmmunicate yur needs withut threatening, intimidating, r punishing thers.
A. Since these needs are different, cnflict arises.
B. Cnflict arises frm differences, bth large and small.
C. Manage stress quickly while remaining alert and calm.
D. Cnflict triggers strng emtins and can lead t hurt feeling.
E. Differing needs can result in brken deals, decreased prfits and lst jbs.
F. After all, tw peple can’t be expected t agree n everything all the time.
G. Cnflict prvides an pprtunity t strengthen the bnd between tw peple.
【参考答案】17. F 18. G 19. B 20. A 21. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了冲突产生的原因以及应对方法。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Cnflict is a nrmal part f any healthy relatinship.(冲突是任何健康关系的正常组成部分)”以及后文“The key is nt t fear r try t avid cnflict but t learn hw, t slve it in a healthy way.(关键是不要害怕或试图避免冲突，而是要学会如何以一种健康的方式解决冲突)”可知，上文提到了冲突是任何健康关系的正常组成部分，本句说明原因：两个人不可能总是意见一致，才会引出下文讲其解决策略。故F选项“毕竟，不能指望两个人总是在所有事情上意见一致”符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Whether yu’re experiencing cnflict, at hme, wrk, r schl, learning skills can help yu reslve differences in a healthy way and build strnger, mre rewarding relatinships.(无论你是在经历冲突，在家里、工作中还是在学校，学习技能都可以帮助你以健康的方式解决分歧，建立更牢固、更有益的关系)”可知，根据后文内容可知通过冲突可以建立更牢固、更有益的关系。故G选项“冲突提供了一个加强两个人之间联系的机会”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据后文“It ccurs whenever peple disagree ver their values, mtivatins, perceptins, ideas, r desires. Smetimes these differences appear trivial, but when a cnflict triggers strng feelings, a deep persnal need is ften at the cre f the prblem. These needs can range frm the need t feel safe and secure r respected and valued, t the need fr greater clseness and intimacy.(当人们在价值观、动机、观念、想法或欲望上存在分歧时，就会发生这种情况。有时这些差异看起来微不足道，但当冲突引发强烈的情感时，深层的个人需求往往是问题的核心。这些需求的范围从需要感到安全、有保障或受到尊重和重视，到需要更亲密的关系)”可知，本段的主旨主要是说明冲突产生的原因，故B选项“冲突产生于大大小小的分歧”符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Think abut the ppsing needs f a tddler and a parent. The child’s need is t explre, s venturing t the street r the cliff edge meets that need. But the parent’s need is t prtect the child’s safety, a heed that can nly be met by limiting the tddler’s explratin.(想想一个蹒跚学步的孩子和一个父母相反的需求。孩子的需求是探索，所以冒险到街上或悬崖边缘满足这种需求。但是父母的需要是保护孩子的安全，这种需要只能通过限制孩子的探索来满足)”可知，上文提到了孩子和父母不同的需求，本句为本段最后一句，应说明其导致的结果：由于这些需求不同，就会产生冲突。故A选项“由于这些需求不同，就会产生冲突”符合语境，故选A。
【21题详解】
根据后文“By staying calm, yu can accurately read and interpret verbal and nnverbal cmmunicatin. Cntrl yur emtins and behavir. When yu’re in cntrl f yur emtins, yu can cmmunicate yur needs withut threatening, intimidating, r punishing thers.(通过保持冷静，你可以准确地阅读和解释口头和非口头交流。控制你的情绪和行为。当你能控制自己的情绪时，你可以在不威胁、恐吓或惩罚他人的情况下表达你的需求)”可知，本段的主旨是通过保持冷静来处理冲突，C选项中calm对应后文staying calm。故C选项“快速处理压力，同时保持警觉和冷静”符合语境，故选C。
三、完形填空：本大题共20小题，共30分。
Until recently in the develped wrld, mst married cuples adpted traditinal rles, with the husband wrking utside the hme and the wife taking care f the children and the huse. Althugh many families still fllw this___22___ , thse rles have becme less ___23___ . A number f factrs have cntributed t this change. ___24___, perhaps as a cnsequence f feminism (女权运动), peple have begun t ___25___ that ne’s ___26___ shuld nt determine ne’s rle. As a ___27___, peple feel they have “___28___” t decide what they want t d in life. It’s n lnger ___29___ fr men t want t be the primary caregiver r hmemaker. Similarly, many wmen wuld ___30___ t enter the wrking wrld instead f staying at hme. Mrever, a large number f wmen have ____31____ advanced academic prfessinal training,____32____ them with a significant earning ptential.
On the ther hand, factrs ther than persnal chice have ____33____ t the fluidity (不稳定性) f gender rles. Life has becme mre expensive and it’s ____34____ fr a family t exist n nly ne incme, requiring married wmen t leave the hme t ____35____ mney t help supprt the family. ____36____ , the number f tw-incme husehlds has____37____ rapidly. And despite the fact that wmen n average still earn ____38____ than men fr the same jb, their incmes have becme an ____39____ cmpnent f survival and prsperity in tday’s wrld. In similar fashin, a man’s decisin t ____40____ at hme may nt be vluntary. In the event he has lst his jb, his decisin t stay at hme might be ne f ____41____, nt chice.
22. A. traditinB. rleC. ruleD. truth
23. A. unstableB. changeableC. unchangeableD. lse
24. A. WhereasB. On the ne handC. WhileD. Nevertheless
25. A. believeB. chseC. trustD. decide
26. A. familyB. incmeC. chiceD. gender
27. A. resultB. reasnC. chiceD. female
28. A. permitB. permissinC. allwanceD. licence
29. A. beneficialB. advantageusC. harmfulD. shameful
30. A. refuseB. prceedC. preferD. hate
31. A. missedB. learnedC. achievedD. succeeded
32. A. givingB. fferingC. affrdingD. prviding
33. A. deniedB. cntributedC. crrespndedD. dnated
34. A. cnvenientB. difficultC. easyD. traditinal
35. A. spendB. dnateC. earnD. cllect
36. A. YetB. HweverC. FrequentlyD. Cnsequently
37. A. grwnB. decreasedC. enhancedD. reduced
38. A. littleB. lessC. muchD. mre
39. A. rdinaryB. unlimitedC. unnecessaryD. essential
40. A. supprtB. leaveC. stayD. survive
41. A. necessityB. pprtunitiesC. decisinsD. pssibilities
【参考答案】22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C 41. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了促成传统家庭角色发生转变的因素。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管许多家庭仍然遵循这一传统，但这些角色已经变得不那么不可改变了。A. traditin传统；B. rle角色，规则；C. rule规则；D. truth真理，真相。根据上文“Until recently in the develped wrld, mst married cuples adpted traditinal rles, with the husband wrking utside the hme and the wife taking care f the children and the huse.”可知，丈夫在外工作，妻子照顾孩子和家务是许多家庭遵循的传统。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unstable不稳定的；B. changeable可改变的，易变的；C. unchangeable不可改变的；D. lse宽松的。根据下文“A number f factrs have cntributed t this change.”可知，这些角色不是一成不变的。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一方面，也许是女权主义的结果。A. Whereas尽管，然而；B. On the ne hand一方面；C. While 当……时候；D. Nevertheless然而，不过。根据“A number f factrs have cntributed t this change.”和“On the ther hand”可知，此处为固定搭配On the ne hand…，On the ther hand…，表示“一方面……，另一方面……”故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们开始相信一个人的性别不应该决定一个人的角色。A. believe相信；B. chse选择；C. trust信任；D. decide决定。根据“perhaps as a cnsequence f feminism (女权运动)”可知，由于女权运动的兴起，人们开始相信性别不应该决定一个人的角色。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. family家庭；B. incme收入；C. chice选择；D. gender性别。根据“with the husband wrking utside the hme and the wife taking care f the children and the huse.”可知，此处指一个人的性别不应该决定一个人的角色。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，人们觉得他们有“许可”来决定他们想在生活中做什么。A. result结果；B. reasn原因；C. chice选择；D. female女性。根据上文“perhaps as a cnsequence f feminism (女权运动)”可知，女权运动的结果是人们觉得他们有“许可”来决定他们的角色。as a result为固定短语，表示“结果”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. permit许可证；B. permissin允许；C. allwance津贴；D. licence执照。根据“t decide what they want t d in life.”可知，人们自己许可自己在生活中想做的事情。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于男人来说，想要成为主要的照顾者或操持家务者不再是可耻的。A. beneficial有益的；B. advantageus有好处的；C. harmful有害的；D. shameful可耻的。根据“with the husband wrking utside the hme”可知，传统观念认为男人要在外工作，因此在家操持家务被认为是可耻的。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样，许多女性更愿意进入职场，而不是呆在家里。A. refuse拒绝；B. prceed继续做；C. prefer更喜欢；D. hate讨厌。根据“instead f staying at hme.”可知，女性更喜欢进入职场。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，许多妇女获得了高级学术专业培训，使她们有很大的赚钱潜力。A. missed错过，失去；B. learned学习；C. achieved实现，获得；D. succeeded成功。根据“advanced academic prfessinal training”可知，许多女性获得了高级学术专业培训。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. giving给；B. ffering主动提出；C. affrding付得起；D. prviding提供。根据“a large number f wmen have ______ advanced academic prfessinal training”可知，许多妇女获得了高级学术专业培训，这为她们提供了赚钱潜力。prvide sb. with sth.为固定短语，意为“提供某物给某人”。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，个人选择以外的因素也促成了性别角色的流动性。A. denied否认，否定；B. cntributed捐助，促成；C. crrespnded符合，相一致；D. dnated捐赠。根据“factrs ther than persnal chice”可知，个人选择以外的因素也促成了性别角色的不稳定性。cntribute t为固定短语，表示“促成，有利于”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活成本越来越高，一个家庭很难只靠一份收入来维持生活，这就要求已婚妇女离开家去挣钱养家。A. cnvenient方便的；B. difficult困难的；C. easy容易的；D. traditinal传统的。根据“Life has becme mre expensive”可知，生活成本越来越高，一份收入很难支撑一个家庭。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. spend花费；B. dnate捐赠；C. earn挣；D. cllect收集。根据“help supprt the family.”可知，已婚妇女离开家去挣钱养家。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，双职工家庭的数量迅速增加。A. Yet还；B. Hwever然而；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Cnsequently因此，结果。根据上文“Life has becme mre expensive and it’s ______ fr a family t exist n nly ne incme, requiring married wmen t leave the hme t ______ mney t help supprt the family.”可知，生活成本越来越高，一个家庭很难只靠一份收入来维持生活，这就要求已婚妇女离开家去挣钱养家，这导致了双职工家庭出现这一结果。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. grwn生长，增加；B. decreased降低；C. enhanced增强；D. reduced减少。根据“it’s ______ fr a family t exist n nly ne incme, requiring married wmen t leave the hme t ______ mney t help supprt the family.”可知，女性出去工作导致双职工家庭数量不断增加。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管从事同样工作的女性平均收入仍低于男性，但她们的收入已成为当今世界生存和繁荣的重要组成部分。A. little少的；B. less更少的；C. much多的；D. mre更多的。结合常识可知，从事同样工作的女性平均收入仍低于男性。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rdinary普遍的；B. unlimited无限的；C. unnecessary没有必要的；D. essential必不可少的。根据“cmpnent f survival”可知，女性收入是获得生存必不可少的一部分。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样，一个男人待在家里的决定可能也不是自愿的。A. supprt支持；B. leave离开；C. stay停留；D. survive幸存。根据下文“his decisin t stay at hme”可知，此处是信息词stay的词汇复现。故选C。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他失业了，他留在家里的决定可能是迫不得已，而不是他的选择。A. necessity必要性；B. pprtunities机会；C. decisins决定；D. pssibilities可能性。根据“may nt be vluntary”和“In the event he has lst his jb”可知，有些男性可能是由于失业必须待在家里。故选A。
第II卷(非选择题)
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ryusei Ouchi takes a deep breath as he uses his cane (手杖) t feel ut the edge f the three-metre-high ramp (斜坡), walks t the edge and then drps in.
Like all skatebarders, the rush f air, the thrill f the ride, the sense f achievement in cmpleting a trick are ____42____ drew the 19-year-ld t the sprt. Unlike ther barders, hwever, Ouchi is almst ____43____ (cmplete) blind.
Ouchi was brn with perfect visin but since being diagnsed (诊断) with ____44____ eye cnditin at the age f seven his sight has wrsened t the pint where he needs a cane t navigate his lcal skatepark in Tkrzawa, nrth f Tky.
Drpping in ff large ramps, riding rails and even perfrming handstand tricks, Ouchi has impressed the lcal skatebarding cmmunity and earned him a cnsiderable fllwing n scial media. He is well aware ____45____ the dangers but says it cmes with the territry.
Ouchi ____46____ (start) skatebarding at 15 when his eyesight began t wrsen faster. He realized he wanted t learn ____47____ it was t late.
Skatebarding with friends gave Ouchi an utlet t express ____48____ (he) and he nw heads t the skatepark several ____49____ (time) a week. It tk him a while ____50____ (becme) fully accustmed t the layut, he said, but nw he has a gd mental picture f his surrundings, ____51____ (free) him up t perfrm mre tricks.
【参考答案】42. what 43. cmpletely 44. an 45. f 46. started 47. befre 48. himself 49. times 50. t becme 51. freeing
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了盲人滑板运动员Ryusei Ouchi的故事。
【42题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：和所有滑板运动员一样，空气的冲击力、骑行的刺激感和完成技巧的成就感吸引了这位19岁的年轻人参加这项运动。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，与其他滑板运动员不同的是，Ouchi几乎完全失明。空处修饰形容词blind，应用副词形式作状语，cmpletely是副词，表示“完全地”，符合题意。故填cmpletely。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Ouchi出生时视力很好，但自从七岁时被诊断出患有眼部疾病以来，他的视力已经恶化到需要拐杖才能在东京北部所泽市当地的滑板场上行走。结合语意可知，此处表示“一种眼部疾病”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指“一个”，eye是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：他很清楚这些危险，但他说这是难免的事。be aware f为固定搭配，表示“意识到”，符合题意，所以空处应用介词f。故填f。
【46题详解】
考查时态。句意：Ouchi15岁开始玩滑板，当时他的视力开始恶化得更快。根据时间状语at 15可知，句子描述过去的一般情况，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式started。故填started。
【47题详解】
考查连词。句意：他意识到他想在为时已晚之前学习。结合语意可知，此处表示“在为时已晚之前”，空处应用连词befre，表示“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。故填befre。
【48题详解】
考查代词。句意：和朋友一起滑滑板给了Ouchi一个表达自己的出口，现在他每周都会去滑板场几次。空处作动词express的宾语，且宾语与Ouchi一致，所以空处应用反身代词himself，表示“他自己”。故填himself。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：和朋友一起滑滑板给了Ouchi一个表达自己的出口，现在他每周都会去滑板场几次。several表示“几个，数个”，修饰可数名词的复数形式，time表示“次”，复数形式为times。故填times。
【50题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他说，他花了一段时间才完全习惯这种安排，但现在他对周围的环境有了一个很好的心理画面，这让他可以自由地表演更多的把戏。It tk sb. sme time t d sth.是固定句式，表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”，其中it为形式主语，所以空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填t becme。
【51题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，他花了一段时间才完全习惯这种安排，但现在他对周围的环境有了一个很好的心理画面，这让他可以自由地表演更多的技巧。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，free与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式freeing作状语。故填freeing。
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共50分。
52. 在越来越激烈的学习竞争中，目前高二的一些学生也存在不同程度的心理问题。请你以“Hw t Imprve Students’ Mental Health”为题写一篇短文，向学校英文报投稿。
要求如下：
1. 采取正确的态度。
2. 寻求帮助。
3. 保持有规律运动的习惯。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. the mental health cnsulting rm (心理健康咨询室)
Hw t Imprve Students’ Mental Health
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
Hw t Imprve Students’ Mental Health
With the increasingly fierce study cmpetitin, there is n dubt that mental prblems have becme a heated issue which is related t daily life. Nwadays, it is widely acknwledged that mental health plays an imprtant rle in students’ life. We shuld take the right attitude twards the situatin.
As far as I’m cncerned, n n accunt shuld we ignre the significance f mental health. Abve all, we shuld keep an ptimistic attitude and bravely face it in terms f ur wrk and study. What’s mre, if we have difficulty with pains and puzzles, cmmunicate with ur parents, teachers r friends t release ur stress. We shuld nt hesitate t g t the mental health cnsulting rm fr help. Last but nt least, keep a habit f ding sprts regularly, which is f great benefit t us. Only in this way can we imprve ur mental health.
53. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Merchant Tvel lved attentin. Knwing that peple wuld listen if he had news t share, he went arund his village making up stries abut the lcal rabbi (犹太教神职人员).
“He mixes dairy and meat!” said Tvel.
The twnspeple shk their heads, fr they all knew that dairy and meat must nt be mixed in the curse f any meal.
“And he sneaks (偷拿) fd n Ym Kippur,” added Tvel.
“Nt Ym Kippur!” cried the twnspeple.
Fr nt nly is Ym Kippur the mst imprtant fasting day f the year, but it is als the hliest Jewish hliday.
Later, alne in his hme, the talebearer felt bad abut what he had dne. His stries abut the rabbi had spread quickly. “I will g t the rabbi and beg him fr frgiveness,” he decided. Then all wuld be well again.
The next mrning, he went t the temple and kncked n the dr. “Rabbi,” he called, “it is merchant Tvel, cming t see yu abut an imprtant matter.”
“Cme in, Tvel,” the rabbi said warmly, pening the dr.
In a matter f mments, Tvel tld the rabbi all the things he had said. Then he asked, “What can I d t make things right?”
The rabbi thught fr a mment, then tld him, “Yu must take a feather pillw (枕头), cut it pen, and feed the feathers t the wind.”
Tvel thught that the rabbi’s suggestin was strange, but the task seemed simple enugh. And if it wuld take away the guilt he felt, then why nt d it? Tvel thanked the rabbi and quickly left the temple. At hme, the talebearer grabbed a feather pillw, waited fr the afternn winds t pick up, then climbed t the tp f a hill. There, he cut pen the pillw and watched the feathers flat far and wide acrss the land. Satisfied, Tvel returned t tell the rabbi f his deed. “Nw g and gather thse feathers,” the rabbi cmmanded.
注意：
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“But they are everywhere!” Tvel cried. “Hw will I get them all?”
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Feeling disappinted, Tvel returned t tell the rabbi abut the feathers he culdn’t cllect.
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【参考答案】One pssible versin:
“But they are everywhere!” Tvel cried. “Hw will I get them all?” The rabbi replied, “Wrds are like feathers scattered by the wind. Once yu let them ut, yu can never take them back.” Finally understanding the cnsequences f his gssip, Tvel set ut t d as the rabbi had instructed. He managed t cllect mst f the feathers that he had scattered in twn but a few were blwn t far away fr him t reach.
Feeling disappinted, Tvel returned t tell the rabbi abut the feathers he culdn’t cllect. The rabbi smiled and replied, “Thse feathers may be gne frever, but yu can start tday t speak kindly and truthfully. This way, yu wn’t have t wrry abut chasing feathers in the wind again.” Tvel left the temple, feeling lighter and with a new-fund understanding abut the pwer f his wrds. Frm that day n, he n lnger felt the need t fabricate stries r gssip abut thers. He made a cnscius effrt t speak kindly and truthfully, and in ding s, he wn back the respect f his fellw villagers.