2024中考英语试题研究 第二部分 重难题型专练 题型四 短文填空（含答案）

这是一份2024中考英语试题研究 第二部分 重难题型专练 题型四 短文填空（含答案），共8页。试卷主要包含了短文填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
话题一 教育故事
Passage 1(2023锦江区二诊)
Once a circle lst a piece f its wn. The circle wanted t be whle, s it went arund, 1. ________ t find its missing piece. But because it was incmplete, it culd nly rll very slwly. It danced with the flwers, chatted with wrms(虫子) and enjyed the sunshine alng the way. It fund lts f different pieces, but 2. ________ f them fit. S it left them all by the side f the rad and kept n lking fr the missing piece.
Then ne day the circle fund a piece that fit 3. ________．The circle put the missing piece int 4. ________. It culd be whle with nthing missing. It was s happy and began t rll. Nw that it was a perfect circle, it culd rll very fast, t fast 5. ________ flwers r talk t wrms. It realized hw different and nice the wrld was when it rlled slwly. It felt s sad that it 6. ________ that piece and rlled away slwly.
Smetimes we are mre perfect when we lse smething. A man wh has everything is a pr man in sme ways. He will never have hpes, dreams r smething better. He will never knw smene is lving him r smene 7. ________ him smething.
Life is nt a spelling game. N matter hw many wrds yu gt right, yu fail if yu make ne mistake. Life is mre like a basketball seasn. Even the best team lses ne third f its games and even 8. ________ team has its gd days. Our gal is t win mre games than we lse. When we think imperfectin(不完美) is 9. ________ t human beings, and when we can cntinue rlling thrugh life and enjy it, we will have reached a whleness.
We culdn't be perfect, but we must be brave enugh t lve, strng enugh t frgive(原谅), kind enugh t share 10. ________ with thers and clever enugh t knw there is enugh lve arund us. Then we can always live a wnderful time in ur lives.
Passage 2(2023黑白卷)
There was a by wh always gt angry with thers easily ver small things. S ne day, his parents tk him t visit a wise man, hping he culd becme a 1.________ persn than befre.
The man let the by make tw hearts with clay. When making them, the by gt angry because he failed many times, which made him feel 2.________．
He thught what he did had nthing t d with 3.________ his nature. After making the hearts, the by was asked t heat them in the fire. The by did as the wise man said and came back. But the man asked him t break ne with a stne.
The by cntrlled his anger and kncked it hard. Then the heart was 4.________. Seeing that, a feeling f 5.________ filled with the by's heart. That's because his whle day's hard wrk was wasted. Then the by was asked t break the ther ne t see if there was a difference. But it als brke easily.
Then the wise man 6.________， “By! The clay hearts are like the real hearts. As yu heat the heart in the fire, yur heart gets heated with anger. Yu thught the heated heart culd stand 7.________ against the utside wrld. But in fact, it culdn't 8.________ in standing even ne blw f the stne. Besides, anger is 9.________ t us. Fr example, peple ften d smething wrng when they are angry. S when smene makes us angry, we shuld cntrl ur emtins(情绪) and calm 10.________ dwn by putting lve and frgiveness(宽容) in ur heart.”
After listening t the wise man, the by understd and prmised t cntrl his anger frm then n.
话题二 人物介绍（2022，2021）
Passage 3(2023高新区一诊)
[地域特色·蜀绣]Embridery(刺绣) is an imprtant art frm in Chinese culture. One f the mst famus embridery styles is Shu embridery. It is knwn fr its 1. ________ needlewrk(针线)and beautiful clrs.
Meng Dezhi 2. ________ t making Shu embridery fr 40 years. The 59­year­ld wman is a natinal­level inheritr(传承人) f the art frm. She used t wrk at the Chengdu Shu Embridery Factry. But in 2005, the factry went 3. ________， and Meng lst her jb.
T save the art. Meng decided t rent her wn place and teach Shu embridery t thers 4. ________. It's nt an easy jb. Wrkers need 5. ________ each silk thread(线) int mre than 10 r even 30 pieces. Each piece is thinner than a single human hair. In 2016, Baidu invited Meng t make a hmepage lg fr Qixi Festival. It was a small lg, but it 6. ________ the use f 45 types f sewing(缝纫) methds and 35，000 stitches(针法)．
The wrk is hard and the pay is lw. Nt many peple want t learn this skill. But Meng is trying t save it by teaching in different universities and 7. ________. She believes that Shu embridery stands fr thusands f years f Sichuan culture and shuld 8. ________．
“I feel that I have the 9. ________ t pass n Shu embridery skills t yung peple t let it run frm generatin t generatin.” she said.
Embridery takes time and patience. Nw there are very few yung embriderers, s the skill may 10. ________ die ut in a shrt time. T prtect the skill, Shu embridery was added t China's intangible cultural heritage list(非物质文化遗产名录) in 2006.
Passage 4
热点：成都大运会第一枚金牌获得者
There are different categries(类别) in Chinese wushu. One is Talu and the ther is Sanda. And Nanquan is part f Talu. Chinese 1. ________ Ca Mayuan wn the first gld medal f men's Nanquan in the Chengdu FISU Wrld University Games. He had a 2. ________ shw as the peple warmly cheered fr him.
Fr Ca, it was hard fr him t find a wrd 3. ________ what wushu meant t him. He has 4. ________ wushu since he was five years ld. Supprted by his parents, he went t learn wushu in a sprts schl. Hwever, the sprts schl was far frm his hme, 5. ________ he had t take a bus every day. He learned it very carefully. And his cach thught he was 6. ________. Then his parents mved mre clsely t his sprts schl where Ca culd learn wushu better.
Later in 2007, Ca hurt his head and left a lng wund n his head. His parents and the dctr 7. ________ him t give up the cming match. But he stuck t finishing the match and 8. ________ wn the gld, which had a great influence n Ca's life. Since then, he has always put mre effrts in Talu.
Ca believes that the gld medal he wn in the Games means a new start. He wants t have mre 9. ________ t shw Chinese wushu. And he hpes t spread wushu 10. ________ in the wrld. His wish is t make it practiced by mre peple thrugh his perfrmance.
话题三 异国文化
Passage 5
外文素材改编自PERSPECTIVES
合作学习
D yu have yur favurite subject? D yu have the experience f 1. ________ tw r mre tgether instead f just learning abut each subject separately? That's 2. ________ hw sme students are learning in Finland.
3. ________ students learn abut tpics (话题) such as wrld events, they study several subjects tgether. It is 4. ________ fr students t see the pint f view. In anther curse, students study English language cmmunicatin methds and ecnmics(经济学) tgether. In curses like this, students use many 5. ________ as they are learning.
Finnish educatrs believe that students learn better when they wrk in small grups 6. ________ prblems. Wrking tgether is a very useful skill that helps students develp their 7. ________ t cmmunicate. But Finland is serius abut changing schl life and the way students learn. The cuntry has already 8. ________ several new schl buildings that dn't have separate classrms r hallways(走廊)．
Finnish schls are making this change because f many 9. ________ pinins there. They believe that wrking tgether t study tpics is better and mre 10. ________ fr students than wrking alne r studying nly ne subject at a time. They als feel that students wh learn in this way are better prepared fr jbs, nce they've cmpleted their educatin.
话题四 科普知识（2023）
Passage 6(2023成都)
D yu believe a rse plant says “I want sme water” r a tree shuts “My arms hurt”？Maybe yu will say this culd nly happen in sme 1.________ stries.
In fact, plants are nt always 2.________. A recent study has fund plants shut when they are in need f water r having their stems cut. “Even in a quiet field, there are 3.________ sme sunds that carry infrmatin. Hwever, the pitch(音高) is t high fr peple 4.________，” said Lilach Hadany, a prfessr frm Tel Aviv University.
The researchers used micrphnes t recrd sme tmat plants and fund that stressed plants send ut 5.________ sunds than unstressed plants. “When tmates are nt stressed at all, they are very quiet，” Prfessr Hadany said. They als trained a machine in 6.________ the differences between thirsty plants and cut plants. The result shws that when the causes f stress change, they shut 7.________. After the team recrded many kinds f ther plants, they fund that many plants like crn, wheat and grape plants send ut sunds when they are under stress, t.
“There is a 8.________ that a lt f cmmunicatin is happening，”Prfessr Hadany said. “Because ther plants can prbably hear the call f the stressed plants.”
Sund recrdings f plants culd bring humans lts f 9.________， especially in farming. Fr example, peple will make sure whether crn is getting enugh water r where water is needed mst withut much 10.________．
Passage 7
外文素材改编自Highlights fr Children
为何早上可以看到月亮
Accrding t Ken Crswell, the Sun and the Mn are different. The Sun shines 1. ________ all day and als shines at night. Hwever, the Mn is a rck. It has n light f 2. ________ wn and the reasn we see it is that it reflects the sun's light.
The psitin f the Mn and the Sun in the sky changes ver the curse abut a mnth. Smetimes they get 3. ________ t ne anther in the sky than usual, smetimes they are at ppsite side f the Earth. Yu may get lst in these wrds. T have a better 4. ________， yu can think f it in this way. Yu 5. ________ that yur head is the whle Earth. Yu are als 6. ________ a mirrr in yur hand, with yur arm spreading. Nw turn n a bedside light and turn a few 7. ________ away frm the light. Then, mve the mirrr 8. ________ yu can see the light bulb(灯泡) reflect in it. Yu are ging t have t mve that mirrr quite a bit in rder t see the light bulb and its reflectin in the mirrr! This is the case when it's 9. ________ fr yu t see the Sun and als the Mn in the daytime.
As yu think, yu need t mve the mirrr quite a bit as a way f 10. ________ the light frm the Sun—the light bulb. This is why yu see the Mn during the day, and especially it is nt very far frm the Sun. On the ther hand, if the Mn in the day, sky is quite far frm the Sun, then yu are likely t see a halfmn.
话题五 哲理故事
Passage 8
Imagine that ne day, if yu fall dwn while walking, yu may feel unlucky tday. Hwever, if yu receive the gift yu have always wanted because f the injury, yu may feel like yu are the 1. ________ persn in the wrld. It's cmmn that many peple always think that things in their 2. ________ life have smething t d with luck. In fact, there is n such thing as gd luck r bad luck.
Once upn a time, an ld man lived a pr life with his sn. They 3. ________ their hrse which they made a living with. His neighbrs came 4. ________ their pity fr his bad luck. The ld man asked, “Hw d yu knw this is bad luck？”
After several days, his hrse returned 5. ________ many wild hrses. His neighbrs came again. But this time they came t cngratulate him because f his gd luck. The ld man replied, “Hw d yu knw this is gd luck？”
Later, his sn learnt t ride a hrse. Hwever, he fell frm the hrseback, and his leg was 6. ________. The ld man thught, “Hw can't this be a gd thing？” The next year, there was a war. The sn didn't g t the frnt(前线) because he was 7. ________．
Nthing in the wrld is 8.________ gd r bad. Every cin has tw 9. ________. Bad things can lead t gd results. And gd things can make smething bad happen. When yu are lucky, yu'd better keep cl, 10. ________ yu may get int truble at last. When yu aren't lucky, yu shuld see it in a gd way.
参考答案
Passage 1
1. trying 2. nne 3. perfectly 4. itself 5. t admire
6. drpped 7. is giving 8. the wrst 9. acceptable 10. happiness
Passage 2
1. better 2. unpleasant 3. changing 4. brken 5. sadness
6. explained 7. strngly 8. succeed 9. harmful 10. urselves
Passage 3
1. smth 2. has stuck 3. brke 4. herself 5. t divide
6. required 7. cmmunities 8. be saved 9. respnsibility 10. pssibly
Passage 4
1. player 2. wnderful 3. t describe 4. practiced 5. s
6. talented 7. advised 8. surprisingly 9. chances 10. widely
Passage 5
1. studying 2. exactly 3. When 4. helpful 5. methds
6. t slve 7. ability/abilities 8. made 9. educatrs' 10. challenging
Passage 6
1. children's 2. silent 3. actually 4. t hear 5. mre
6. telling 7. differently 8. pssibility 9. advantages 10. difficulty
Passage 7
1. brightly 2. its 3. clser 4. understanding 5. imagine
6. hlding 7. meters 8. until 9. lucky 10. catching
Passage 8
1. luckiest 2. daily 3. lst 4. t express 5. with
6. brken 7. disabled 8. cmpletely 9. sides 10. r
accept admire bad drp give happen happy it nne perfect slw try
【语篇研读】
What：讲述了一个圆寻找丢失的碎片的故事，当它找到碎片终于变完整了，滚动得更快了，但是却没有时间欣赏路上的风景。
Why：引导学生学会接受自己的不完美，欣赏生活中的美好。
Hw：①文体特征：记叙文。
②写作手法：本文采用了拟人的手法，将“圆”人格化，为其赋予了人的思想感情，使得读者能更好地共情。
active break build change explain gd harm pleasure sad strng success we
【语篇研读】
What：讲述了一个易怒的小男孩在智者的引导下学会爱与包容的故事。
Why：引导学生学会管理自己的情绪，保持爱与宽容，建立良好的人际关系。
Hw：①文体特征：夹叙夹议文。
②写作手法：使用了比喻和象征性语言来传达教育信息。例如，将加热的用黏土制作的心比喻成发怒时的心灵，有助于读者更深刻地理解愤怒的本质和影响。
break cmmunity cut divide dwn pssible require respnsible save she smth stick
【语篇研读】
What：讲述了蜀绣的制作工艺以及蜀绣传承人孟德芝的事迹。
Why：引导学生了解蜀绣文化，激发学生对传统手工艺的热爱和保护，坚定文化自信，弘扬和传承中华优秀传统文化。
Hw：①文体特征：记叙文。
②写作手法：文章使用了列数字的说明方法，如“mre than 10 r even 30 pieces, 45 types, 35，000 stitches(针法)”，强调刺绣技艺需要精细和耐心；此外，文章引用孟德芝的原话，展现了刺绣技艺的重要性和保护与传承的必要性。
advise afraid chance describe play practice refuse s surprise talent wide wnder
【语篇研读】
What：讲述了参加2023年成都大运会的运动员曹茂园的故事。
Why：引导学生坚持自己的梦想以及学习并传播中华优秀传统文化。
Hw：①文体特征：记叙文。
②故事线：围绕曹茂园武术夺冠之路展开：went t learn wushu in a sprts schl→his parents mved mre clsely t his sprts schl→hurt his head→stuck t finishing match and surprisingly wn the gld。
able challenge educatr give help make methd study slve exact strange when
【语篇研读】
What：介绍了芬兰的教育模式——合作学习。
Why：帮助学生学习跨文化知识，了解合作学习这种教育模式。
Hw：①文体特征：说明文。
②写作手法：开篇通过提问题的方式引起读者思考，随后通过举例子的说明方法具体列举出芬兰学生的学习模式，增强了文章的说服力。
actual advantage chance child difficult difference few hear many pssible silence tell
【语篇研读】
What：介绍了科学家发现植物在不同压力下会发出不同的声音，这能给农业带来好处。
Why：用科普的趣味方式激发学生对农业知识探索的兴趣，增加了学生对农业科学的理解。
Hw：①文体特征：说明文。
②写作手法：文章以问句开头且问题新奇，引发读者的阅读兴趣；之后引用教授的话语和举例子的形式，揭开了植物会“说话”的谜底。
bright catch clse hld imagine it light luck meter prper understand until
【语篇研读】
What：主要根据Ken Crswell的观点，解释了“为什么我们在晚上看不到太阳，但有时却能在早上看到月亮”这一现象。
Why：引导学生了解科学知识，增加科学知识储备，开拓学生视野。
Hw：①文体特征：说明文。
②写作手法：在第二段中，通过使用重复句式“Smetimes they... sm­
etimes they...”强调了月亮和太阳在天空中的位置的变化；此外，以头、镜子、床头灯作类比，模拟出太阳、月亮和光线，帮助读者了解为什么可以在早上看到月亮。
able break cmplete day express fact fail lse luck r side with
【语篇研读】
What：讲述了“塞翁失马”的故事，印证了“祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏”这一哲理。
Why：引导学生学会用发展的眼光看问题，学会辩证思考，正确对待事物的两面性。
Hw：①文体特征：记叙文。
②写作手法：运用借古讽今的写作手法教会学生道理。
③语言特点：本文以“Imagine that ne day”开头，调动读者的想象，激发读者的阅读兴趣。