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四川省雅安市雅安市联考2023-2024学年高三英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份四川省雅安市雅安市联考2023-2024学年高三英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了 本试卷共150分， 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上， 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。
2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
第一部分听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A kind f fd. B. A clse relative. C. A new htel.
2. Hw will the speakers g t the Sprts Cmplex?
A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi.
3. What will the weather be like tday?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny.
4. In which city did the wman and Jhn stay the lngest?
A. Vienna. B. Rme. C. Paris.
5. What can we learn abut the man?
A. He used t be a lawyer. B. He is being interviewed nw. C. He gt the news frm his aunt.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6 段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. When will the speakers have their picnic?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
7. Wh will g t the market?
A. Lucy’s parents. B. Jhnny’s mther. C. Jhnny and Lucy.
听第7 段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Where are the speakers?
A. In a bkstre. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.
9. What des the man have t d nw?
A. Wait fr his turn. B. Sign his name. C. Call his friend.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Brther and sister. C. Custmer and shp assistant.
11. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He is very pr. B. He hates shpping. C. He ften cmes t the stre.
12. Which dress des the wman like?
A. The red ne. B. The blue ne. C. The white ne.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What des the man think f visiting art galleries?
A. Wrthwhile B. Cstly. C. Disappinting.
14. Where did the wman g recently?
A. T Seul. B. T Washingtn. C. T Paris.
15. Hw ld is the wman nw?
A. 22 years ld. B. 26 years ld. C. 28 years ld.
16. Which art gallery des the man want t visit again?
A. Musée d’Orsay. B. Centre Pmpidu, C. The Natinal Gallery f Art.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What is Perelman?
A. A reprter. B. A dctr. C. A researcher.
18. With whm d babies feel the mst cmfrtable?
A. Other babies. B. Babysitters. C. Strange adults.
19. Hw may babies react t unfamiliar babies?
A. They may start t cry. B. They may tuch each ther. C. They may shw much fear.
20. What may the study lead t?
A. Much mre parenting time with babies.
B. An increase in family-based day care centers.
C. A greater demand fr experienced babysitters.
第二部分阅读理解 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Cmpeting fr a Trip t Sma Bay, Egypt
Sma Bay is a perfect place fr sunny relaxatin. If yu take a trip there, yu can als take part in the cmpetitin we rganize.
The Destinatin
Lapped by the Red Sea n three sides and with views f sandy beaches and desert muntains, Sma Bay can attract nature lvers mst, Spreading acrss almst 2,500 acres, the Egyptian turist attractin has an 18-hle glf curse designed by Gary Player, a glfing enthusiast, as well as the largest Thalass spa in Africa. Kitebarding, diving and hrse riding are all n ffer, t.
Of Sma Bay’s five accmmdatin ptins, a five-star htel enjys a fantastic lcatin n the highest pint f the Sma Bay peninsula. It has a number f guest rms and suites with private balcnies, as well as fur n-site restaurants, Yu can enjy beach-side pizza, take afternn tea, r stp fr a drink by the 18th hle. They are all ffered by the htel.
The Prize
With the fficial permissin f Sma Bay, the winner can enjy a fur-night stay in a classic rm at the five-star htel n a half-price basis. The prize includes return ecnmy class flight tickets with verhead cabin luggage frm the UK t Hurghada Internatinal Airprt up t the value f £650 per persn, with direct rutes available frm cities including Lndn, Manchester and Bristl, plus return airprt transfers t Sma Bay (UK transfers aren’t included).
T Enter
Answer the fllwing questin nline at natgetv,cm/uk/cmpetitins:
ON WHICH SEA IS SOMA BAY LOCATED?
Cmpetitin clses n 31 Octber 2023.
The winner must be a UK adult resident, aged 18 r ver.
1. What des the five-star htel ffer?
A. Games n a glf curse.B. Tickets fr kitebarding.
C. Smething t eat and drink.D. Accmmdatin n the beach.
2. What can the winner get?
A. A free stay in the perfect htel.B. A return airprt transfer t the UK.
C. A pssible direct flight ticket frm Bristl.D. A first class flight frm the UK t Hurghada
3. What d we knw abut the cmpetitin?
A. It welcmes children.B. It cvers multiple questins.
C. It targets at Egyptian citizens.D. It ends n the last day f Octber.
【答案】1. C2. C3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是争夺去埃及索马湾旅游的机会而参加的比赛活动的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Destinatin部分中的“It has a number f guest rms and suites with private balcnies, as well as fur n-site restaurants, Yu can enjy beach-side pizza, take afternn tea, r stp fr a drink by the 18th hle.(它有一些客房和套房的私人阳台，以及四个现场餐厅，你可以享受海滩边的披萨，下午茶，或在高尔夫球场的第18洞停下来喝点东西。)”可知，该五星级酒店可以享受海滩边上的披萨，喝点下午茶，或者在高尔夫球场第18洞喝点东西，由此可知，该五星酒店提供一些吃的喝的东西。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Prize部分中的“The prize includes return ecnmy class flight tickets with verhead cabin luggage frm the UK t Hurghada Internatinal Airprt up t the value f £650 per persn, with direct rutes available frm cities including Lndn, Manchester and Bristl, plus return airprt transfers t Sma Bay (UK transfers aren’t included).(该奖项包括从英国到赫尔格达国际机场的经济舱往返机票，每人最高价值650英镑，可从伦敦、曼彻斯特和布里斯托尔等城市直飞，以及从机场到索马湾的往返机票(不包括英国转机)。)”可知，获奖者可以获得从伦敦、曼彻斯特和布里斯托尔等城市直飞的机票。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据T Enter部分中的“Cmpetitin clses n 31 Octber 2023.(竞赛将于2023年10月31日结束。)”可知，比赛在2023年10月31日结束，由此可知，比赛在10月的最后一天结束。故选D项。
B
Larry and I have always had ur basic values in cmmn, but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan. His big passin is seeing basketball games. He has been sharing seasn tickets with his friends fr years. I must admit I’ve been always invited t see the games tgether.
This mrning, I called my brther, Larry, and said, “I have a piece f gd news and ad piece f bad news. Which d yu want t hear first?” “Gd news first,” Larry answered. “Yu can g t sleep early tnight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad ne?” he asked. “We’re ging t the pera!” I answered, laughing ludly.
There was a reasn fr the jke. The last time I invited him t g t the pera, he fell asleep in the theater. I had t admit it was always bring fr him, but when I gave him a ticket fr my favrite pera, I really thught he might enjy it. I wke him up, but sn he fell asleep again. When Larry fund I was jking, he breathed a sigh f relief n the ther end. He said, “But I want yu t g t see the last basketball game this autumn with me.” I prmised and cmplained, “Nt again!” Actually, mst f the time, when the game was n, I’d be texting r daydreaming. Smetimes, my telephne messages wuld be interrupted when the hme team scred. I knew they scred because everyne jumped up and exchanged high-fives and fist bumps.
Hwever, tday, as I lked arund at thusands f peple cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined t at least give it a try — fr my brther’s sake, if nt fr my wn. The game was intense, and I was hked sn. When the ther team scred, I eventually felt a bit disappinted with the rest f my crwd. My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself! I didn’t keep glancing at the clck, cunting the minutes until we gt ut, Time flew. The game was ver befre I knew it.
4. Hw des the authr develp paragraph 2?
A. By listing data.B. By giving an example.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By quting a cnversatin.
5. What was the authr’s initial reactin t basketball games?
A. Puzzled.B. PleasedC. Casual.D. Curius.
6. What des the underlined wrd “hked” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Addicted.B. Satisfied,C. Bred.D. Disappinted.
7. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Art and SprtB. Frm Opera t Basketball
C. Cheering fr the Hme TeamD. Develping a Passin fr Opera
【答案】4. D5. C6. A7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者从一开始的喜欢歌剧，对哥哥喜欢的篮球不感兴趣，到后来决定试一试认真观看比赛，居然被篮球比赛给吸引住了，对此产生了浓厚的兴趣的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“This mrning, I called my brther, Larry, and said, “I have a piece f gd news and ad piece f bad news. Which d yu want t hear first?” “Gd news first,” Larry answered. “Yu can g t sleep early tnight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad ne?” he asked. “We’re ging t the pera!” I answered, laughing ludly.”（今天早上，我打电话给我哥哥拉里，说：“我有一个好消息和一个坏消息。你想先听哪个？“先说好消息，”拉里回答。“今晚你可以早点睡觉，”我说。“好吧。哪个是坏的？他问。“我们要去看歌剧！”我大声笑着回答。）可推知，作者是通过引用对话来展开第二段的。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Actually, mst f the time, when the game was n, I’d be texting r daydreaming.”（事实上，大多数时候，当比赛开始时，我都在发短信或做白日梦。）可推知，作者对篮球比赛的最初反应是满不在乎的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Hwever, tday, as I lked arund at thusands f peple cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined t at least give it a try—fr my brther’s sake, if nt fr my wn.”（然而，今天，当我看到周围成千上万的人在欢呼，越来越兴奋时，我决定至少试一试——如果不是为了我自己，也是为了我哥哥。）以及“My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself!”（我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己也惊呆了！）由此可知，此处为游戏很激烈，我很快就被迷住了。故可猜测划线单词hked为“迷住”的意思，结合选项Addicted“沉迷的”意思一致。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Larry and I have always had ur basic values in cmmn, but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan.”（拉里和我一直有共同的基本价值观，但我们的兴趣就像歌剧和篮球一样相去甚远。我热爱艺术，而他是一个狂热的体育迷。）可知，提到作者喜欢歌剧。和最后一段中“Hwever, tday, as I lked arund at thusands f peple cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined t at least give it a try—fr my brther’s sake, if nt fr my wn. The game was intense, and I was hked sn. When the ther team scred, I eventually felt a bit disappinted with the rest f my crwd. My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself!”（然而，今天，当我看到周围成千上万的人在欢呼，越来越兴奋时，我决定至少试一试——如果不是为了我自己，也是为了我哥哥。游戏很激烈，我很快就被迷住了。当另一支球队得分时，我终于对我的其他观众感到有点失望。我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己也惊呆了！）可知，讲的是作者被篮球比赛吸引住了。由此可知，文章主要讲的是作者从一开始的喜欢歌剧，对哥哥喜欢的篮球不感兴趣，到后来决定试一试认真观看比赛，居然被篮球比赛给吸引住了，对此产生了浓厚的兴趣的故事。故文章最好的标题是“从歌剧到篮球”。故选B项。
C
Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later. Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.
A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years. The research has turned up a surprising list f materials that were mixed int ld buildings. They include tree bark, vlcanic ash, rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability t get strnger ver time. Figuring ut hw t cpy these features can have real impacts tday. While sme f ur mdern cncrete has the strength t hld up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannt cmpete with the durability f these ancient materials.
Many scientists have turned t the Rmans. Starting arund 200 BC, the Rman Empire was building cncrete structures that have std the test f time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures fr ages, yu will find cncrete basically the way it was when it was pured 2,000 years ag. They think they have fund an imprtant reasn why sme Rman cncrete has held up structures fr thusands f years. That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they frm is the mst shcking fr them. Exactly hw is nt yet clear, but scientists are starting t find the reasns.
Tday’s builders cannt just cpy the ancient prcesses. Even thugh Rman cncrete lasted a lng time, it culdn’t hld up heavy buildings. Instead, researchers are trying t take sme f the ancient materials and add them int mdern mixes. Peple dn’t need t make things last quite as lng as the Rmans did. If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.
8. What were the mentined Rman and Chinese buildings bth used fr?
A. Travel.B. Defence.C. Sldier training.D. Seawater cntrl.
9. Which wrd can best describe the ancient buildings?
A. Lng-lasting.B. Energy-efficient.C. Delicate.D. Flexible.
10. What surprises the scientists mst abut the ancient building materials?
A. Their large cracks.B. Their clear cncrete.
C. Their internal structures.D. Their self-repairing ability.
11. What is the authr’s attitude t the future cncrete?
A. Tlerant.B. Expectant.C. Suspicius.D. Indifferent.
【答案】8. B9. A10. D11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.”（罗马的建造者建造了厚厚的混凝土防波堤。玛雅工匠创造了伟大的雕塑，中国工匠建造了抵御外敌的城墙。）可推知，罗马和中国的建筑都是用来起到防御作用的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later.”（世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒。）以及第二段中“A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years.”（长久以来，越来越多的科学家一直在研究材料。他们正在拆除建筑物的碎片，阅读历史文献，希望了解它们是如何屹立数千年的。）可推知，这些古建筑能够持久的存在。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks when they frm is the mst shcking fr them.”（这些古老的材料具有一种不寻常的力量，可以在裂缝形成时自我修复和“治愈”裂缝，这对他们来说是最令人震惊的。）可知，古代建筑材料中最令科学家惊讶的是它们的自我修复能力。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.”（如果我们将混凝土的寿命延长50年或100年，从长远来看，我们肯定需要更少的拆除，更少的维护和更少的材料。）可推知，作者对未来混凝土的态度是期待的。故选B项。
D
A new study shws hming pigens (鸽子) cmbine precise internal cmpasses and memrized landmarks t retrace a path back t their hme—even fur years after the previus time when they made the trip.
Testing nnhuman memry keeping is challenging in research studies. “It’s rare that there is a gap f several years between when an animal stres the infrmatin and when it is next required t get it back,” says Dra Bir, a zlgist at the University f Oxfrd. In a recent study, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens’ paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their hme frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away. The study built n data frm a 2016 experiment in which pigens learned rutes in different scial cntexts during several flights-n their wn r with peers that did r did nt knw the way.
Using data frm GPS devices temprarily attached t the birds’ backs, the researchers cmpared the flight paths a grup f pigens tk in 2016 with many f the same birds’ rutes in 2019 r 2020, withut the birds visiting the release site in between. Sme birds missed a handful f landmarks alng the way, but many thers tk “strikingly similar” rutes t thse they used in 2016, “It was as if the last time they flew there was just the day befre, nt fur years ag,” says Oxfrd zlgist and study c-authr Julien Cllet.
The team fund that the pigens remembered a rute just as well if they first flew it alne r with thers and perfrmed much better than thse that had nt made the jurney in 2016. “The result is nt surprising, but it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens’ remarkable memry. It clses the distance a little bit between ur vercnfident human cgnitive (认知的) abilities and what animals can d,” says Verner Bingman, wh studies animal navigatin at Bwling Green State University and was nt invlved in the study.
12. What des paragraph 1 mentin abut hming pigens?
A. The time f leaving hme.B. The lcatin f their birth.
C. The ways they navigate hme.D. The reasns fr their taking trips.
13. Hw did Bir and her clleagues cnduct the study?
A. Thrugh questinnaires.B. Thrugh infrmatin assumptins.
C. Thrugh lab experiments n animals.D. Thrugh cmparative analysis f data.
14. What did the researchers use t get the pigens’ flight rutes accrding t paragraph 3?
A. Predictin methd.B. Tracking methd.
C. Expert cnsultatin.D. Literature cnsultatin.
15. What can we learn abut animal cgnitive abilities frm Verner Bingman’s wrds?
A. They are underestimated.B. They have been declining.
C. They are much lwer than humans’.D. They have never been cnfirmed.
【答案】12. C13. D14. B15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现信鸽可以通过自身的方位分辨技术找到回家的路。解释了研究开展的经过以及意义。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study shws hming pigens (鸽子) cmbine precise internal cmpasses and memrized landmarks t retrace a path back t their hme—even fur years after the previus time when they made the trip.(一项新的研究表明，信鸽结合了体内精确的罗盘和记忆的地标，甚至在它们上一次飞行四年后，还能重新找到回家的路)”可知，第一段提到了信鸽回家的方式。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In a recent study, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens’ paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their hme frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away. The study built n data frm a 2016 experiment in which pigens learned rutes in different scial cntexts during several flights-n their wn r with peers that did r did nt knw the way.(在最近的一项研究中，比罗和她的同事们比较了国内信鸽从8.6公里外的农场回到家的路线三到四年后的路线。这项研究建立在2016年一项实验的数据基础上，在这项实验中，鸽子在几次飞行中在不同的社会背景下学习路线——单独飞行或与不认识路的同伴一起飞行)”可知，比罗和她的同事通过数据的比较分析进行这项研究。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Using data frm GPS devices temprarily attached t the birds’ backs, the researchers cmpared the flight paths a grup f pigens tk in 2016 with many f the same birds’ rutes in 2019 r 2020, withut the birds visiting the release site in between.(研究人员利用临时安装在鸽子背上的GPS设备的数据，将一群鸽子在2016年的飞行路线与2019年或2020年的许多相同路线进行了比较，其间鸟儿没有访问释放地点)”可知，研究人员通过跟踪法来得到鸽子的飞行路线。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The result is nt surprising, but it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens’ remarkable memry. It clses the distance a little bit between ur vercnfident human cgnitive (认知的) abilities and what animals can d,” says Verner Bingman, wh studies animal navigatin at Bwling Green State University and was nt invlved in the study.(“这个结果并不令人惊讶，但它为信鸽非凡的记忆力提供了新的证据。它拉近了我们过于自信的人类认知能力和动物能力之间的距离，”弗纳·宾曼说，他在州立鲍灵格林大学研究动物导航，但没有参与这项研究)”可推知，Verner Bingman的话表明动物认知能力被低估了。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’re frtunate t have access t the dynamic netwrk technlgy, which prvides rich resurces fr learning, cnnecting and entertaining urselves. ___16___ The same tl that can enhance ur wrk efficiency als has the pwer t trap us in a web f distractins (分心之事).
___17___ An astnishing 84.4% f us, n average, reprt being distracted at wrk. There are sme usual suspects. Emails steal the attentin f 26%. Phne calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Cwrkers shift the attentin f 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite surce f infrmatin and entertainment, distracts 41% f us. What’s mre, a survey reveals that an verwhelming 67% f wrkers say that their wrk is ften affected by the excessive time spent n meetings and calls.
These distractins are mre than mere annyances. ___18___ It is their lasting impact that makes it impssible fr us t fcus n any single task. In this way, they greatly reduce ur wrk efficiency.
A study ffers mre insight int ur struggle with distractins. It fund that ur brain waves pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending n the type f external stimuli. The rhythm is faster fr autmatic stimuli but slws dwn fr tasks we cnsciusly chse t fcus n. ___19___
Just think abut it: Yu’re invlved in a prject, and then yur phne receives a text message. ___20___ And regaining yur fcus might be harder than yu anticipate, The same ges fr that catchy news headline r an interesting scial media pst that catches yur eye-pulling yu away frm yur task and making yu lst in the sea f distractins.
A. But it is duble-edged.
B. Sme distractins can be avided.
C. Statistics reveal hw cmmn this issue is.
D. They’re als persistent and endless in getting ur attentin.
E. The sund f it is lud enugh t interrupt yur cncentratin.
F. Stimulating ur interest and increasing the speed f ur wrk are imprtant.
G. This makes maintaining fcus in the nisy wrld an ever-increasing challenge.
【答案】16. A17. C18. D19. G20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了我们受到外界干扰的原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We’re frtunate t have access t the dynamic netwrk technlgy, which prvides rich resurces fr learning, cnnecting and entertaining urselves.(我们有幸接触到动态的网络技术，它为我们学习、联系和娱乐提供了丰富的资源)”以及后文“The same tl that can enhance ur wrk efficiency als has the pwer t trap us in a web f distractins (分心之事).(同样的工具可以提高我们的工作效率，也有能力让我们陷入分心的网络中)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出网络技术的有利有弊。故A选项“但这是一把双刃剑”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据后文“An astnishing 84.4% f us, n average, reprt being distracted at wrk. There are sme usual suspects. Emails steal the attentin f 26%. Phne calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Cwrkers shift the attentin f 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite surce f infrmatin and entertainment, distracts 41% f us. What’s mre, a survey reveals that an verwhelming 67% f wrkers say that their wrk is ften affected by the excessive time spent n meetings and calls.(平均而言，84.4%的人在工作中分心，这一比例令人震惊。有一些常见的疑点。电子邮件抢走了26%的人的注意力。电话和短信影响了43%的人。同事转移了27%的注意力。而互联网，以其无限的信息和娱乐来源，分散了我们41%的注意力。此外，一项调查显示，高达67%的员工表示，他们的工作经常受到花在会议和电话上的过多时间的影响)”可知，本段主要通过具体的数据说明了员工容易被网络分心。故C选项“统计数据揭示了这个问题有多普遍”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“These distractins are mre than mere annyances.(这些干扰不仅仅是烦恼)”可知，本句承接上文继续说明干扰的其他消极影响。故D选项“它们还会持续不断地吸引我们的注意力”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“A study ffers mre insight int ur struggle with distractins. It fund that ur brain waves pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending n the type f external stimuli. The rhythm is faster fr autmatic stimuli but slws dwn fr tasks we cnsciusly chse t fcus n.(一项研究为我们与分心的斗争提供了更多的见解。研究发现，我们的脑电波以不同的频率脉动，这取决于外部刺激的类型。对于自动刺激，节奏更快，但对于我们有意识地选择关注的任务，节奏会减慢)”可知，上文提到了自动刺激会让我们节奏减慢，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明其带来的影响：使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的挑战。故G选项“这使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的挑战”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Just think abut it: Yu’re invlved in a prject, and then yur phne receives a text message.(试想一下：你正在参与一个项目，然后你的手机收到一条短信)”可知，上文提到收到了一条短信，故本句应说明短信给你带来的影响：打断你的注意力。故E选项“它的声音大到足以打断你的注意力”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分语言知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2011, sme students at the University f Maryland saw a large amunt f fd ging t waste n their campus. They were s ___21___ abut it that they decided t create a prgram t ___22___ the excess (多余的) fd and send it t peple in ___23___ fr free. Later, the Fd Recvery Netwrk (FRN) ___24___. Surprisingly, its develpment was ___25___.
Up t nw, FRN has ___26___ t becme a natinwide rganizatin with many ___27___ in clleges and universities arund the US, including ne at the University f Maryland. Meanwhile, Rchester, a city f America, has a high rate f fd ___28___. In respnse t it, a prpsal fr a cmmunity fd system plan has been ___29___ by the city’s gvernment. The plan is aimed t ffer safe ___30___ t all residents.
The chapter f FRN at the University f Maryland wrks t ___31___ the attempts. With its help, the wrk is prgressing ___32___. The students have relcated quantities f fd that wuld have therwise gne t waste. Every Friday afternn, members f the chapter meet t ___33___ the left fd frm the campus, Then the fd is ___34___ and distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state by categry.
“Our ___35___ is respnding psitively,” ne student says. “What we dn’t want is having t much fd in the kitchen.” The students d make a ___36___, and they even supply the ___37___ meals t the peple utside the city. Besides, what they have dne is ___38___ t the envirnment. Thanks t FRN, they have successfully ___39___ the release f tns f carbn dixide thrugh reducing waste. The wrk des achieve a (n) ___40___ effect—nt nly slving the prblem f feeding sme peple, but als benefiting the eclgical envirnment.
21. A. relaxedB. delightedC. cncernedD. cnfused
22. A. labelB. replaceC. wasteD. redistribute
23. A. needB. lveC. declineD. check
24. A. came backB. came dwnC. came int beingD. came t an end
25. A. prmisingB. challengingC. limitedD. utdated
26. A. agreedB. preparedC. regrettedD. grwn
27. A. dnatinsB. mealsC. chaptersD. teachers
28. A. supplyB. insecurityC. recgnitinD. disappearance
29A. dubtedB. rejectedC. pstpnedD. submitted
30. A. medicineB. shelterC. fdD. trip
31. A. aidB. assessC. identifyD. investigate
32. A. temprarilyB. smthlyC. randmlyD. tughly
33. A. cllectB. eatC. rderD. sell
34A. pricedB. srtedC. tastedD. cast
35. A. bankB. hmeC. cmpanyD. schl
36. A. livingB. differenceC. frtuneD. prfit
37. A. extraB. dirtyC. purchasedD. expensive
38. A. blindB. harmfulC. adaptableD. friendly
39. A. allwedB. prmtedC. decreasedD. received
40. A. sideB. dubleC. ppsiteD. individual
【答案】21. C22. D23. A24. C25. A26. D27. C28. B29. D30. C31. A32. B33. A34. B35. D36. B37. A38. D39. C40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了马里兰大学学生发现校园里大量食物被浪费现象后，创建了食物回收网络这一项目。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们非常关心这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. relaxed轻松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. cncerned关心的；D. cnfused疑惑的。前文提到“In 2011, sme students at the University f Maryland saw a large amunt f fd ging t waste n their campus. ”（2011年，马里兰大学的一些学生发现校园里有大量食物被浪费。），可知看到食物被浪费应该感到非常痛心非常担忧。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们非常关心这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. label贴标签；B. replace替换；C. waste浪费；D. redistribute重新分配。后文提到“the excess (多余的) fd and send it t peple in 3 fr free. ”（将多余的食物免费分给有需要的人）由此判断，这些“浪费了的，多余的”食物应该需要重新分配一下才能够分发给有需要的人。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们非常关心这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. need需要；B. lve爱；C. decline减少；D. check检查。根据“fr free”（免费）可知，这些重新分配的食物应该是免费送给有需要的人。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：后来，食品回收网络(FRN)应运而生。A. came back回来；B. came dwn下来；减轻；C. came int being形成；D. came t an end结束。前文提到“they decided t create a prgram”（于是决定创建一个项目）由此判断，正是因为看到了食堂里食物的浪费，所以食品回收网络才因此产生。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，它的发展充满希望。A. prmising有前途的；B. challenging有挑战的；C. limited有限制的；D. utdated陈旧的。根据“surprisingly”（令人惊讶的是）以及后文中“becme a natinwide rganizatin”（成为了一个全国性的组织）可知，食品回收网络的发展应该是非常有前景的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，FRN已经发展成为一个全国性的组织，在美国各地的学院和大学都有许多分会，其中包括马里兰大学的一个分会。A. agreed同意；B. prepared准备；C. regretted后悔；D. grwn发展。后文提到“becme a natinwide rganizatin”（发展成为一个全国性的组织），说明这个组织一直不断地在发展。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，FRN已经发展成为一个全国性的组织，在美国各地的学院和大学都有许多分会，其中包括马里兰大学的一个分会。A. dnatins捐款；B. meals餐食；C. chapters章节，分会；D. teachers老师。前文提到“becme a natinwide rganizatin”（成为一个全国性的组织），以及后文中“Every Friday afternn, members f the chapter meet t 13 the left fd frm the campus”（周五下午，分会的成员集合到校园里分发剩下的食物）此处为原词复现。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，美国的罗彻斯特市的食品不安全率很高。A. supply供应；储备；B. insecurity不安全性；C. recgnitin识别；D. disappearance消失。后文提到“The plan is aimed t ffer safe 10 t all residents.”（该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。）由此判断，该市的食品安全率不高所以才要制定计划改善这一现象。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，市政府已经提交了一份社区食品系统计划的提案。A. dubted怀疑；B. rejected拒绝；C. pstpned推迟；D. submitted提交。后文提到“The plan is aimed t ffer safe 10 t all residents.”（该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。）说明政府已经提交了这项计划的提案，以提升当地食物安全率。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。A. medicine药品；B. shelter住所；C. fd食物；D. trip旅行。前文提到“Meanwhile, Rchester, a city f America, has a high rate f fd 8 ”（与此同时，美国的罗彻斯特市的食品不安全率很高。）由此判断，这一提案的提出是要为当地居民提供安全的食物。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里兰大学FRN分会致力于帮助这些尝试。A. aid帮助；B. assess评估；C. identify识别；查明；D. investigate调查。后文提到“With its help, the wrk is prgressing 12 ”（在它的帮助下，这项工作进展得很顺利），说明FRN分会在帮助这些为提高食品安全的尝试。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在它的帮助下，工作进展顺利。A. temprarily暂时地；B. smthly顺利地；C. randmly随机地；D. tughly固执地。后文提到“The students have relcated quantities f fd that wuld have therwise gne t waste. ”（学生们重新分配了大量原本会被浪费掉的食物。），学生们将食物重新分配，说明这项任务进行得十分顺利。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周五下午，分会的成员会聚集在一起收集校园里剩下的食物。A. cllect收集；B. eat吃；C. rder命令；D. sell卖。后文提到“Then the fd is 14 and distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state by categry.”（然后将食物分类分发到全州各地的社区。）由此判断，马里兰大学分会应该要先把食物收集起来，才能分到各处。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后将食物分类分发到全州各地的社区。A. priced定价；B. srted分类；C. tasted品尝；D. cast投掷。后文提到“distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state by categry.”（分发到全州各地的社区）由此判断，收集到的食物要进行分类好，才能分发到各个地区。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们学校的反应很积极，”一名学生说。A. bank银行；B. hme家；C. cmpany公司；D. schl学校。根据“ne student”（一名学生）可知，此处应该是指“学校”反应积极。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们确实发挥了作用，他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。A. living生计；B. difference影响；C. frtune幸运；D. prfit利润。后文提到“and they even supply the 17 meals t the peple utside the city. ”（他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。）由此可知，学生们在帮助别人提供饭菜这方面做的非常好。此处也是固定短语make a difference，意为“对……有影响”。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们确实发挥了作用，他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。A. extra额外的；B. dirty肮脏的；C. purchased已经购买的；D. expensive昂贵的。后文提到“t the peple utside the city.”（为城外的人提供了饭菜），由此判断，学生们除了将食堂的食物回收分配之外，还会额外给城外的人提供食物。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们所做的是对环境友好的。A. blind失明的；B. harmful有害的；C. adaptable能适应的；D.friendly友好的。后文提到“Thanks t FRN, they have successfully 19 the release f tns f carbn dixide thrugh reducing waste. ”（多亏了FRN，他们通过减少浪费成功地减少了大量二氧化碳的排放。）FRN的努力使得二氧化碳的排放也减少了，由此判断，他们所做的事情是对环保有帮助的。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了FRN，他们通过减少浪费成功地减少了大量二氧化碳的排放。A. allwed允许；B. prmted提升；C. decreased减少；D. received接受。前文提到“Besides, what they have dne is 18 t the envirnment.”（此外，他们所做的是对环境友好的。）由此判断，他们所做之事应该是会降低二氧化碳的排放，所以才会对环境友好。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项工作确实起到了一举两得效果，既解决了一部分人的温饱问题，又有利于生态环境。A. side侧面的；B. duble双倍的；C. ppsite相反的；D. individual个人的。后文提到“nt nly slving the prblem f feeding sme peple, but als benefiting the eclgical envirnment.”（既解决了一部分人的温饱问题，又有利于生态环境。）这里提到了这个项目带来的两个好处，一方面是针对人的温饱问题，另一方面是环保问题，说明这个项目达到了双倍的效果。故选B。
第二节 (共10 小题; 每小题1.5 分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has always been clse t my heart ___41___ my husband Jun jined hands with me years ag in Shanghai. In fact, it was nt until the tw f us had spent years in the United States that we decided ___42___ (live) the rest f ur lives in China.
Marrying a Chinese citizen des nt mean ___43___ (wrk) in China. Hwever, thankfully, ___44___ the wife f a Chinese businessman, I culd apply fr the Chinese green card after being ___45___ (marry) and living in China fr five nn-stp years. Once Jun and I mved back t China, ur jurney t a Chinese green card ___46___ (apply) began. After sme time, my turn finally ___47___ (arrive). After mnths f preparatin and multiple trips t the entry-exit administratin, we submitted it n Valentine’s Day this year. Seven mnths and three weeks ___48___ (late), the glden days f fall brught precius news. A call annuncing my Chinese green card was ready fr pickup. I felt ___49___ wave f jy as I rushed int the hallway at wrk t share the news with my husband.
Nw my jurney as a Chinese green card hlder has just begun, and I still have mre t learn t fully take advantage f ____50____ (it) benefits.
【答案】41. since
42. t live
43. wrking
44. as45. married
46. applicatin
47. arrived
48. later49. a
50. its
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者嫁给了中国公民，经过漫长的等待终于拿到中国绿卡的事情。
【41题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：自从我的丈夫Jun多年前在上海与我携手以来，中国一直贴近我的心。引导时间状语从句，主句为现在完成时，表示“自从”应用since。故填since。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，直到我们俩在美国呆了几年之后，我们才决定在中国度过余生。短语decide t d sth.表示“决定做某事”。故填t live。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与中国公民结婚并不意味着在中国工作。短语mean ding sth.表示“意味着做某事”。故填wrking。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，值得庆幸的是，作为一个中国商人的妻子，我可以在结婚并在中国不间断地生活五年之后申请中国绿卡。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，值得庆幸的是，作为一个中国商人的妻子，我可以在结婚并在中国不间断地生活五年之后申请中国绿卡。作表语，表示“已婚的，结婚的”应用形容词married。故填married。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：我和Jun一回到中国，我们申请中国绿卡的旅程就开始了。作介词的宾语，结合不定冠词可知应用名词applicatin的单数形式。故填applicatin。
【47题详解】
考查时态。句意：过了一段时间，终于轮到我了。空处为句子谓语动词，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填arrived。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：七个月零三个星期后，金色的秋天带来了宝贵的消息。此处为“一段时间+later”表示“多久之后”。故填later。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当我冲进办公室的走廊和丈夫分享这个消息时，我感到一阵喜悦。表示“一阵……”短语为a wave f。故填a。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：现在，我作为中国绿卡持有者的旅程才刚刚开始，我还有很多东西要学习，以充分利用它的好处。修饰名词benefits应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
第四部分写作 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节短文改错 (共10 小题; 每小题1 分, 满分10 分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
This mrning, I watch a vide n the Internet that shwed a rbt in a library. It sunded like a girl, which dialgues with humans were interesting but pleasant. In the afternn, I went t a restaurant, where I happened t meet anther wrking rbt lked a little bit different frm ne I saw nline in the mrning. It was standing at the dr n duty. I said, “Hell, yu are such smart!” It replied, “Hell, welcme!” When I left ut, I asked the clerk at the dr abut the rbts. She said, “It’s ff duty nw.” I was amazing that it wrked like a human. Ha ha! What interesting!
【答案】1. watch→ watched
2. which→ whse
3. but→ and
4. lked→ lking
5. ne前加the
6. such→ s
7. ut去掉
8. rbts→ rbt
9. amazing→ amazed
10. What→ Hw
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者在餐馆遇见机器人的事情。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：今天早上，我在网上看了一段视频，视频显示一个机器人在图书馆里。结合This mrning可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时。动词应为过去式watched。故watch改为watched。
2.考查定语从句。句意：这听起来像一个女孩，她与人类的对话很有趣，但很愉快。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为定语从句，修饰先行词girl，且dialgues前缺少定语，故填whse，引导定语从句。故which改为whse。
3.考查连词。句意：这听起来像一个女孩，她与人类的对话很有趣，但很愉快。interesting“有趣的”和 pleasant“令人愉快的”是并列的，没有转折关系，应用连词and连接。故but改为and。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：下午，我去了一家餐厅，在那里我碰巧遇到了一个工作机器人，它看起来和我早上在网上看到的有点不同。分析句子结构可知，where引导的定语从句中谓语为happened，故lk应为非谓语动词，且lk“看起来”无被动，故应为现在分词lking，作定语，修饰wrking rbt。故lked改为lking。
5.考查冠词。句意：下午，我去了一家餐厅，在那里我碰巧遇到了一个工作机器人，它看起来和我早上在网上看到的有点不同。ne代指机器人，此处是特指早晨在网上看到的机器人，故ne前应加定冠词the，表示特指。故ne前加the。
6.考查副词。句意：我说：“你好，你如此聪明！”修饰形容词smart“聪明的”，应为副词s“如此”，而such修饰名词。故such改为s。
7.考查固定用法。句意：当我离开时，我问门口的店员关于那个机器人的事。leave ut表示“遗漏，省去”，这里表示“我离开了”，leave是离开的意思。故去掉ut。
8.考查名词。句意：当我离开时，我问门口的店员关于那个机器人的事。此处“机器人”指的是和作者对话的机器人，且由下文的“It’s ff duty nw.”也可判断，本句中的“机器人”为单数形式。故rbts改为rbt。
9.考查形容词。句意：我很惊讶它能像人类一样工作。形容词amazing“令人惊叹的”，通常修饰物；形容词amazed“吃惊的”，通常修饰人。本句主语是I“我”，形容人应为amazed，作表语。故amazing改为amazed。
10.考查感叹句。句意：多么有趣啊！在感叹句中what修饰名词；而hw为副词，修饰形容词或副词；所以本题修饰形容词interesting，要用Hw。故What改为Hw。
第二节书面表达 (满分25分)
52. 你所在的英语俱乐部正在开展以“Our Family, Our Lve”为主题的演讲比赛。你打算参赛，请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 你对家庭的理解；
2. 如何维持和谐的家庭关系。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hell, everyne. I’m hnred t share with yu the speech “Our Family, Our Lve”. In my view, families cme in all shapes and sizes, but they all share ne thing in cmmn: lve. A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well - being.
Hwever, maintaining a harmnius relatinship between family members can be challenging, especially in tday’s fast - paced wrld. We can try sme ways. First, it is imprtant fr family members t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences. Besides, spending quality time tgether, such as sharing meals r engaging in activities, can als strengthen ur family bnds. In a wrd, lve can bring ur family clser tgether and live in harmny.
Thanks fr listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你所在的英语俱乐部正在开展以“Our Family, Our Lve”为主题的演讲比赛这一情况，写一篇演讲稿。
详解】1.词汇积累
荣幸的：hnred→ privileged
此外：Besides → What’s mre
提供：prvide→ ffer
加强：strengthen→ enhance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my view, families cme in all shapes and sizes, but they all share ne thing in cmmn: lve.
拓展句：In my view, even thugh families cme in all shapes and sizes, they all share ne thing in cmmn: lve.
【点睛】【高分句型1】A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well - being.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】First, it is imprtant fr family members t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences.（运用了it作形式主语，动词不定式t d作真正的主语的固定句型。）
1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。
2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
第一部分听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A kind f fd. B. A clse relative. C. A new htel.
2. Hw will the speakers g t the Sprts Cmplex?
A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi.
3. What will the weather be like tday?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny.
4. In which city did the wman and Jhn stay the lngest?
A. Vienna. B. Rme. C. Paris.
5. What can we learn abut the man?
A. He used t be a lawyer. B. He is being interviewed nw. C. He gt the news frm his aunt.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6 段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. When will the speakers have their picnic?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
7. Wh will g t the market?
A. Lucy’s parents. B. Jhnny’s mther. C. Jhnny and Lucy.
听第7 段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Where are the speakers?
A. In a bkstre. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.
9. What des the man have t d nw?
A. Wait fr his turn. B. Sign his name. C. Call his friend.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Brther and sister. C. Custmer and shp assistant.
11. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He is very pr. B. He hates shpping. C. He ften cmes t the stre.
12. Which dress des the wman like?
A. The red ne. B. The blue ne. C. The white ne.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What des the man think f visiting art galleries?
A. Wrthwhile B. Cstly. C. Disappinting.
14. Where did the wman g recently?
A. T Seul. B. T Washingtn. C. T Paris.
15. Hw ld is the wman nw?
A. 22 years ld. B. 26 years ld. C. 28 years ld.
16. Which art gallery des the man want t visit again?
A. Musée d’Orsay. B. Centre Pmpidu, C. The Natinal Gallery f Art.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What is Perelman?
A. A reprter. B. A dctr. C. A researcher.
18. With whm d babies feel the mst cmfrtable?
A. Other babies. B. Babysitters. C. Strange adults.
19. Hw may babies react t unfamiliar babies?
A. They may start t cry. B. They may tuch each ther. C. They may shw much fear.
20. What may the study lead t?
A. Much mre parenting time with babies.
B. An increase in family-based day care centers.
C. A greater demand fr experienced babysitters.
第二部分阅读理解 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Cmpeting fr a Trip t Sma Bay, Egypt
Sma Bay is a perfect place fr sunny relaxatin. If yu take a trip there, yu can als take part in the cmpetitin we rganize.
The Destinatin
Lapped by the Red Sea n three sides and with views f sandy beaches and desert muntains, Sma Bay can attract nature lvers mst, Spreading acrss almst 2,500 acres, the Egyptian turist attractin has an 18-hle glf curse designed by Gary Player, a glfing enthusiast, as well as the largest Thalass spa in Africa. Kitebarding, diving and hrse riding are all n ffer, t.
Of Sma Bay’s five accmmdatin ptins, a five-star htel enjys a fantastic lcatin n the highest pint f the Sma Bay peninsula. It has a number f guest rms and suites with private balcnies, as well as fur n-site restaurants, Yu can enjy beach-side pizza, take afternn tea, r stp fr a drink by the 18th hle. They are all ffered by the htel.
The Prize
With the fficial permissin f Sma Bay, the winner can enjy a fur-night stay in a classic rm at the five-star htel n a half-price basis. The prize includes return ecnmy class flight tickets with verhead cabin luggage frm the UK t Hurghada Internatinal Airprt up t the value f £650 per persn, with direct rutes available frm cities including Lndn, Manchester and Bristl, plus return airprt transfers t Sma Bay (UK transfers aren’t included).
T Enter
Answer the fllwing questin nline at natgetv,cm/uk/cmpetitins:
ON WHICH SEA IS SOMA BAY LOCATED?
Cmpetitin clses n 31 Octber 2023.
The winner must be a UK adult resident, aged 18 r ver.
1. What des the five-star htel ffer?
A. Games n a glf curse.B. Tickets fr kitebarding.
C. Smething t eat and drink.D. Accmmdatin n the beach.
2. What can the winner get?
A. A free stay in the perfect htel.B. A return airprt transfer t the UK.
C. A pssible direct flight ticket frm Bristl.D. A first class flight frm the UK t Hurghada
3. What d we knw abut the cmpetitin?
A. It welcmes children.B. It cvers multiple questins.
C. It targets at Egyptian citizens.D. It ends n the last day f Octber.
【答案】1. C2. C3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是争夺去埃及索马湾旅游的机会而参加的比赛活动的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Destinatin部分中的“It has a number f guest rms and suites with private balcnies, as well as fur n-site restaurants, Yu can enjy beach-side pizza, take afternn tea, r stp fr a drink by the 18th hle.(它有一些客房和套房的私人阳台，以及四个现场餐厅，你可以享受海滩边的披萨，下午茶，或在高尔夫球场的第18洞停下来喝点东西。)”可知，该五星级酒店可以享受海滩边上的披萨，喝点下午茶，或者在高尔夫球场第18洞喝点东西，由此可知，该五星酒店提供一些吃的喝的东西。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Prize部分中的“The prize includes return ecnmy class flight tickets with verhead cabin luggage frm the UK t Hurghada Internatinal Airprt up t the value f £650 per persn, with direct rutes available frm cities including Lndn, Manchester and Bristl, plus return airprt transfers t Sma Bay (UK transfers aren’t included).(该奖项包括从英国到赫尔格达国际机场的经济舱往返机票，每人最高价值650英镑，可从伦敦、曼彻斯特和布里斯托尔等城市直飞，以及从机场到索马湾的往返机票(不包括英国转机)。)”可知，获奖者可以获得从伦敦、曼彻斯特和布里斯托尔等城市直飞的机票。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据T Enter部分中的“Cmpetitin clses n 31 Octber 2023.(竞赛将于2023年10月31日结束。)”可知，比赛在2023年10月31日结束，由此可知，比赛在10月的最后一天结束。故选D项。
B
Larry and I have always had ur basic values in cmmn, but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan. His big passin is seeing basketball games. He has been sharing seasn tickets with his friends fr years. I must admit I’ve been always invited t see the games tgether.
This mrning, I called my brther, Larry, and said, “I have a piece f gd news and ad piece f bad news. Which d yu want t hear first?” “Gd news first,” Larry answered. “Yu can g t sleep early tnight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad ne?” he asked. “We’re ging t the pera!” I answered, laughing ludly.
There was a reasn fr the jke. The last time I invited him t g t the pera, he fell asleep in the theater. I had t admit it was always bring fr him, but when I gave him a ticket fr my favrite pera, I really thught he might enjy it. I wke him up, but sn he fell asleep again. When Larry fund I was jking, he breathed a sigh f relief n the ther end. He said, “But I want yu t g t see the last basketball game this autumn with me.” I prmised and cmplained, “Nt again!” Actually, mst f the time, when the game was n, I’d be texting r daydreaming. Smetimes, my telephne messages wuld be interrupted when the hme team scred. I knew they scred because everyne jumped up and exchanged high-fives and fist bumps.
Hwever, tday, as I lked arund at thusands f peple cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined t at least give it a try — fr my brther’s sake, if nt fr my wn. The game was intense, and I was hked sn. When the ther team scred, I eventually felt a bit disappinted with the rest f my crwd. My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself! I didn’t keep glancing at the clck, cunting the minutes until we gt ut, Time flew. The game was ver befre I knew it.
4. Hw des the authr develp paragraph 2?
A. By listing data.B. By giving an example.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By quting a cnversatin.
5. What was the authr’s initial reactin t basketball games?
A. Puzzled.B. PleasedC. Casual.D. Curius.
6. What des the underlined wrd “hked” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Addicted.B. Satisfied,C. Bred.D. Disappinted.
7. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Art and SprtB. Frm Opera t Basketball
C. Cheering fr the Hme TeamD. Develping a Passin fr Opera
【答案】4. D5. C6. A7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者从一开始的喜欢歌剧，对哥哥喜欢的篮球不感兴趣，到后来决定试一试认真观看比赛，居然被篮球比赛给吸引住了，对此产生了浓厚的兴趣的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“This mrning, I called my brther, Larry, and said, “I have a piece f gd news and ad piece f bad news. Which d yu want t hear first?” “Gd news first,” Larry answered. “Yu can g t sleep early tnight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad ne?” he asked. “We’re ging t the pera!” I answered, laughing ludly.”（今天早上，我打电话给我哥哥拉里，说：“我有一个好消息和一个坏消息。你想先听哪个？“先说好消息，”拉里回答。“今晚你可以早点睡觉，”我说。“好吧。哪个是坏的？他问。“我们要去看歌剧！”我大声笑着回答。）可推知，作者是通过引用对话来展开第二段的。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Actually, mst f the time, when the game was n, I’d be texting r daydreaming.”（事实上，大多数时候，当比赛开始时，我都在发短信或做白日梦。）可推知，作者对篮球比赛的最初反应是满不在乎的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Hwever, tday, as I lked arund at thusands f peple cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined t at least give it a try—fr my brther’s sake, if nt fr my wn.”（然而，今天，当我看到周围成千上万的人在欢呼，越来越兴奋时，我决定至少试一试——如果不是为了我自己，也是为了我哥哥。）以及“My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself!”（我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己也惊呆了！）由此可知，此处为游戏很激烈，我很快就被迷住了。故可猜测划线单词hked为“迷住”的意思，结合选项Addicted“沉迷的”意思一致。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Larry and I have always had ur basic values in cmmn, but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan.”（拉里和我一直有共同的基本价值观，但我们的兴趣就像歌剧和篮球一样相去甚远。我热爱艺术，而他是一个狂热的体育迷。）可知，提到作者喜欢歌剧。和最后一段中“Hwever, tday, as I lked arund at thusands f peple cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined t at least give it a try—fr my brther’s sake, if nt fr my wn. The game was intense, and I was hked sn. When the ther team scred, I eventually felt a bit disappinted with the rest f my crwd. My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself!”（然而，今天，当我看到周围成千上万的人在欢呼，越来越兴奋时，我决定至少试一试——如果不是为了我自己，也是为了我哥哥。游戏很激烈，我很快就被迷住了。当另一支球队得分时，我终于对我的其他观众感到有点失望。我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己也惊呆了！）可知，讲的是作者被篮球比赛吸引住了。由此可知，文章主要讲的是作者从一开始的喜欢歌剧，对哥哥喜欢的篮球不感兴趣，到后来决定试一试认真观看比赛，居然被篮球比赛给吸引住了，对此产生了浓厚的兴趣的故事。故文章最好的标题是“从歌剧到篮球”。故选B项。
C
Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later. Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.
A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years. The research has turned up a surprising list f materials that were mixed int ld buildings. They include tree bark, vlcanic ash, rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability t get strnger ver time. Figuring ut hw t cpy these features can have real impacts tday. While sme f ur mdern cncrete has the strength t hld up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannt cmpete with the durability f these ancient materials.
Many scientists have turned t the Rmans. Starting arund 200 BC, the Rman Empire was building cncrete structures that have std the test f time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures fr ages, yu will find cncrete basically the way it was when it was pured 2,000 years ag. They think they have fund an imprtant reasn why sme Rman cncrete has held up structures fr thusands f years. That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they frm is the mst shcking fr them. Exactly hw is nt yet clear, but scientists are starting t find the reasns.
Tday’s builders cannt just cpy the ancient prcesses. Even thugh Rman cncrete lasted a lng time, it culdn’t hld up heavy buildings. Instead, researchers are trying t take sme f the ancient materials and add them int mdern mixes. Peple dn’t need t make things last quite as lng as the Rmans did. If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.
8. What were the mentined Rman and Chinese buildings bth used fr?
A. Travel.B. Defence.C. Sldier training.D. Seawater cntrl.
9. Which wrd can best describe the ancient buildings?
A. Lng-lasting.B. Energy-efficient.C. Delicate.D. Flexible.
10. What surprises the scientists mst abut the ancient building materials?
A. Their large cracks.B. Their clear cncrete.
C. Their internal structures.D. Their self-repairing ability.
11. What is the authr’s attitude t the future cncrete?
A. Tlerant.B. Expectant.C. Suspicius.D. Indifferent.
【答案】8. B9. A10. D11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.”（罗马的建造者建造了厚厚的混凝土防波堤。玛雅工匠创造了伟大的雕塑，中国工匠建造了抵御外敌的城墙。）可推知，罗马和中国的建筑都是用来起到防御作用的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later.”（世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒。）以及第二段中“A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years.”（长久以来，越来越多的科学家一直在研究材料。他们正在拆除建筑物的碎片，阅读历史文献，希望了解它们是如何屹立数千年的。）可推知，这些古建筑能够持久的存在。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks when they frm is the mst shcking fr them.”（这些古老的材料具有一种不寻常的力量，可以在裂缝形成时自我修复和“治愈”裂缝，这对他们来说是最令人震惊的。）可知，古代建筑材料中最令科学家惊讶的是它们的自我修复能力。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.”（如果我们将混凝土的寿命延长50年或100年，从长远来看，我们肯定需要更少的拆除，更少的维护和更少的材料。）可推知，作者对未来混凝土的态度是期待的。故选B项。
D
A new study shws hming pigens (鸽子) cmbine precise internal cmpasses and memrized landmarks t retrace a path back t their hme—even fur years after the previus time when they made the trip.
Testing nnhuman memry keeping is challenging in research studies. “It’s rare that there is a gap f several years between when an animal stres the infrmatin and when it is next required t get it back,” says Dra Bir, a zlgist at the University f Oxfrd. In a recent study, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens’ paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their hme frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away. The study built n data frm a 2016 experiment in which pigens learned rutes in different scial cntexts during several flights-n their wn r with peers that did r did nt knw the way.
Using data frm GPS devices temprarily attached t the birds’ backs, the researchers cmpared the flight paths a grup f pigens tk in 2016 with many f the same birds’ rutes in 2019 r 2020, withut the birds visiting the release site in between. Sme birds missed a handful f landmarks alng the way, but many thers tk “strikingly similar” rutes t thse they used in 2016, “It was as if the last time they flew there was just the day befre, nt fur years ag,” says Oxfrd zlgist and study c-authr Julien Cllet.
The team fund that the pigens remembered a rute just as well if they first flew it alne r with thers and perfrmed much better than thse that had nt made the jurney in 2016. “The result is nt surprising, but it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens’ remarkable memry. It clses the distance a little bit between ur vercnfident human cgnitive (认知的) abilities and what animals can d,” says Verner Bingman, wh studies animal navigatin at Bwling Green State University and was nt invlved in the study.
12. What des paragraph 1 mentin abut hming pigens?
A. The time f leaving hme.B. The lcatin f their birth.
C. The ways they navigate hme.D. The reasns fr their taking trips.
13. Hw did Bir and her clleagues cnduct the study?
A. Thrugh questinnaires.B. Thrugh infrmatin assumptins.
C. Thrugh lab experiments n animals.D. Thrugh cmparative analysis f data.
14. What did the researchers use t get the pigens’ flight rutes accrding t paragraph 3?
A. Predictin methd.B. Tracking methd.
C. Expert cnsultatin.D. Literature cnsultatin.
15. What can we learn abut animal cgnitive abilities frm Verner Bingman’s wrds?
A. They are underestimated.B. They have been declining.
C. They are much lwer than humans’.D. They have never been cnfirmed.
【答案】12. C13. D14. B15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现信鸽可以通过自身的方位分辨技术找到回家的路。解释了研究开展的经过以及意义。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study shws hming pigens (鸽子) cmbine precise internal cmpasses and memrized landmarks t retrace a path back t their hme—even fur years after the previus time when they made the trip.(一项新的研究表明，信鸽结合了体内精确的罗盘和记忆的地标，甚至在它们上一次飞行四年后，还能重新找到回家的路)”可知，第一段提到了信鸽回家的方式。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In a recent study, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens’ paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their hme frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away. The study built n data frm a 2016 experiment in which pigens learned rutes in different scial cntexts during several flights-n their wn r with peers that did r did nt knw the way.(在最近的一项研究中，比罗和她的同事们比较了国内信鸽从8.6公里外的农场回到家的路线三到四年后的路线。这项研究建立在2016年一项实验的数据基础上，在这项实验中，鸽子在几次飞行中在不同的社会背景下学习路线——单独飞行或与不认识路的同伴一起飞行)”可知，比罗和她的同事通过数据的比较分析进行这项研究。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Using data frm GPS devices temprarily attached t the birds’ backs, the researchers cmpared the flight paths a grup f pigens tk in 2016 with many f the same birds’ rutes in 2019 r 2020, withut the birds visiting the release site in between.(研究人员利用临时安装在鸽子背上的GPS设备的数据，将一群鸽子在2016年的飞行路线与2019年或2020年的许多相同路线进行了比较，其间鸟儿没有访问释放地点)”可知，研究人员通过跟踪法来得到鸽子的飞行路线。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The result is nt surprising, but it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens’ remarkable memry. It clses the distance a little bit between ur vercnfident human cgnitive (认知的) abilities and what animals can d,” says Verner Bingman, wh studies animal navigatin at Bwling Green State University and was nt invlved in the study.(“这个结果并不令人惊讶，但它为信鸽非凡的记忆力提供了新的证据。它拉近了我们过于自信的人类认知能力和动物能力之间的距离，”弗纳·宾曼说，他在州立鲍灵格林大学研究动物导航，但没有参与这项研究)”可推知，Verner Bingman的话表明动物认知能力被低估了。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’re frtunate t have access t the dynamic netwrk technlgy, which prvides rich resurces fr learning, cnnecting and entertaining urselves. ___16___ The same tl that can enhance ur wrk efficiency als has the pwer t trap us in a web f distractins (分心之事).
___17___ An astnishing 84.4% f us, n average, reprt being distracted at wrk. There are sme usual suspects. Emails steal the attentin f 26%. Phne calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Cwrkers shift the attentin f 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite surce f infrmatin and entertainment, distracts 41% f us. What’s mre, a survey reveals that an verwhelming 67% f wrkers say that their wrk is ften affected by the excessive time spent n meetings and calls.
These distractins are mre than mere annyances. ___18___ It is their lasting impact that makes it impssible fr us t fcus n any single task. In this way, they greatly reduce ur wrk efficiency.
A study ffers mre insight int ur struggle with distractins. It fund that ur brain waves pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending n the type f external stimuli. The rhythm is faster fr autmatic stimuli but slws dwn fr tasks we cnsciusly chse t fcus n. ___19___
Just think abut it: Yu’re invlved in a prject, and then yur phne receives a text message. ___20___ And regaining yur fcus might be harder than yu anticipate, The same ges fr that catchy news headline r an interesting scial media pst that catches yur eye-pulling yu away frm yur task and making yu lst in the sea f distractins.
A. But it is duble-edged.
B. Sme distractins can be avided.
C. Statistics reveal hw cmmn this issue is.
D. They’re als persistent and endless in getting ur attentin.
E. The sund f it is lud enugh t interrupt yur cncentratin.
F. Stimulating ur interest and increasing the speed f ur wrk are imprtant.
G. This makes maintaining fcus in the nisy wrld an ever-increasing challenge.
【答案】16. A17. C18. D19. G20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了我们受到外界干扰的原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We’re frtunate t have access t the dynamic netwrk technlgy, which prvides rich resurces fr learning, cnnecting and entertaining urselves.(我们有幸接触到动态的网络技术，它为我们学习、联系和娱乐提供了丰富的资源)”以及后文“The same tl that can enhance ur wrk efficiency als has the pwer t trap us in a web f distractins (分心之事).(同样的工具可以提高我们的工作效率，也有能力让我们陷入分心的网络中)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出网络技术的有利有弊。故A选项“但这是一把双刃剑”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据后文“An astnishing 84.4% f us, n average, reprt being distracted at wrk. There are sme usual suspects. Emails steal the attentin f 26%. Phne calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Cwrkers shift the attentin f 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite surce f infrmatin and entertainment, distracts 41% f us. What’s mre, a survey reveals that an verwhelming 67% f wrkers say that their wrk is ften affected by the excessive time spent n meetings and calls.(平均而言，84.4%的人在工作中分心，这一比例令人震惊。有一些常见的疑点。电子邮件抢走了26%的人的注意力。电话和短信影响了43%的人。同事转移了27%的注意力。而互联网，以其无限的信息和娱乐来源，分散了我们41%的注意力。此外，一项调查显示，高达67%的员工表示，他们的工作经常受到花在会议和电话上的过多时间的影响)”可知，本段主要通过具体的数据说明了员工容易被网络分心。故C选项“统计数据揭示了这个问题有多普遍”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“These distractins are mre than mere annyances.(这些干扰不仅仅是烦恼)”可知，本句承接上文继续说明干扰的其他消极影响。故D选项“它们还会持续不断地吸引我们的注意力”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“A study ffers mre insight int ur struggle with distractins. It fund that ur brain waves pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending n the type f external stimuli. The rhythm is faster fr autmatic stimuli but slws dwn fr tasks we cnsciusly chse t fcus n.(一项研究为我们与分心的斗争提供了更多的见解。研究发现，我们的脑电波以不同的频率脉动，这取决于外部刺激的类型。对于自动刺激，节奏更快，但对于我们有意识地选择关注的任务，节奏会减慢)”可知，上文提到了自动刺激会让我们节奏减慢，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明其带来的影响：使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的挑战。故G选项“这使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的挑战”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Just think abut it: Yu’re invlved in a prject, and then yur phne receives a text message.(试想一下：你正在参与一个项目，然后你的手机收到一条短信)”可知，上文提到收到了一条短信，故本句应说明短信给你带来的影响：打断你的注意力。故E选项“它的声音大到足以打断你的注意力”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分语言知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2011, sme students at the University f Maryland saw a large amunt f fd ging t waste n their campus. They were s ___21___ abut it that they decided t create a prgram t ___22___ the excess (多余的) fd and send it t peple in ___23___ fr free. Later, the Fd Recvery Netwrk (FRN) ___24___. Surprisingly, its develpment was ___25___.
Up t nw, FRN has ___26___ t becme a natinwide rganizatin with many ___27___ in clleges and universities arund the US, including ne at the University f Maryland. Meanwhile, Rchester, a city f America, has a high rate f fd ___28___. In respnse t it, a prpsal fr a cmmunity fd system plan has been ___29___ by the city’s gvernment. The plan is aimed t ffer safe ___30___ t all residents.
The chapter f FRN at the University f Maryland wrks t ___31___ the attempts. With its help, the wrk is prgressing ___32___. The students have relcated quantities f fd that wuld have therwise gne t waste. Every Friday afternn, members f the chapter meet t ___33___ the left fd frm the campus, Then the fd is ___34___ and distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state by categry.
“Our ___35___ is respnding psitively,” ne student says. “What we dn’t want is having t much fd in the kitchen.” The students d make a ___36___, and they even supply the ___37___ meals t the peple utside the city. Besides, what they have dne is ___38___ t the envirnment. Thanks t FRN, they have successfully ___39___ the release f tns f carbn dixide thrugh reducing waste. The wrk des achieve a (n) ___40___ effect—nt nly slving the prblem f feeding sme peple, but als benefiting the eclgical envirnment.
21. A. relaxedB. delightedC. cncernedD. cnfused
22. A. labelB. replaceC. wasteD. redistribute
23. A. needB. lveC. declineD. check
24. A. came backB. came dwnC. came int beingD. came t an end
25. A. prmisingB. challengingC. limitedD. utdated
26. A. agreedB. preparedC. regrettedD. grwn
27. A. dnatinsB. mealsC. chaptersD. teachers
28. A. supplyB. insecurityC. recgnitinD. disappearance
29A. dubtedB. rejectedC. pstpnedD. submitted
30. A. medicineB. shelterC. fdD. trip
31. A. aidB. assessC. identifyD. investigate
32. A. temprarilyB. smthlyC. randmlyD. tughly
33. A. cllectB. eatC. rderD. sell
34A. pricedB. srtedC. tastedD. cast
35. A. bankB. hmeC. cmpanyD. schl
36. A. livingB. differenceC. frtuneD. prfit
37. A. extraB. dirtyC. purchasedD. expensive
38. A. blindB. harmfulC. adaptableD. friendly
39. A. allwedB. prmtedC. decreasedD. received
40. A. sideB. dubleC. ppsiteD. individual
【答案】21. C22. D23. A24. C25. A26. D27. C28. B29. D30. C31. A32. B33. A34. B35. D36. B37. A38. D39. C40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了马里兰大学学生发现校园里大量食物被浪费现象后，创建了食物回收网络这一项目。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们非常关心这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. relaxed轻松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. cncerned关心的；D. cnfused疑惑的。前文提到“In 2011, sme students at the University f Maryland saw a large amunt f fd ging t waste n their campus. ”（2011年，马里兰大学的一些学生发现校园里有大量食物被浪费。），可知看到食物被浪费应该感到非常痛心非常担忧。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们非常关心这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. label贴标签；B. replace替换；C. waste浪费；D. redistribute重新分配。后文提到“the excess (多余的) fd and send it t peple in 3 fr free. ”（将多余的食物免费分给有需要的人）由此判断，这些“浪费了的，多余的”食物应该需要重新分配一下才能够分发给有需要的人。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们非常关心这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. need需要；B. lve爱；C. decline减少；D. check检查。根据“fr free”（免费）可知，这些重新分配的食物应该是免费送给有需要的人。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：后来，食品回收网络(FRN)应运而生。A. came back回来；B. came dwn下来；减轻；C. came int being形成；D. came t an end结束。前文提到“they decided t create a prgram”（于是决定创建一个项目）由此判断，正是因为看到了食堂里食物的浪费，所以食品回收网络才因此产生。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，它的发展充满希望。A. prmising有前途的；B. challenging有挑战的；C. limited有限制的；D. utdated陈旧的。根据“surprisingly”（令人惊讶的是）以及后文中“becme a natinwide rganizatin”（成为了一个全国性的组织）可知，食品回收网络的发展应该是非常有前景的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，FRN已经发展成为一个全国性的组织，在美国各地的学院和大学都有许多分会，其中包括马里兰大学的一个分会。A. agreed同意；B. prepared准备；C. regretted后悔；D. grwn发展。后文提到“becme a natinwide rganizatin”（发展成为一个全国性的组织），说明这个组织一直不断地在发展。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，FRN已经发展成为一个全国性的组织，在美国各地的学院和大学都有许多分会，其中包括马里兰大学的一个分会。A. dnatins捐款；B. meals餐食；C. chapters章节，分会；D. teachers老师。前文提到“becme a natinwide rganizatin”（成为一个全国性的组织），以及后文中“Every Friday afternn, members f the chapter meet t 13 the left fd frm the campus”（周五下午，分会的成员集合到校园里分发剩下的食物）此处为原词复现。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，美国的罗彻斯特市的食品不安全率很高。A. supply供应；储备；B. insecurity不安全性；C. recgnitin识别；D. disappearance消失。后文提到“The plan is aimed t ffer safe 10 t all residents.”（该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。）由此判断，该市的食品安全率不高所以才要制定计划改善这一现象。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，市政府已经提交了一份社区食品系统计划的提案。A. dubted怀疑；B. rejected拒绝；C. pstpned推迟；D. submitted提交。后文提到“The plan is aimed t ffer safe 10 t all residents.”（该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。）说明政府已经提交了这项计划的提案，以提升当地食物安全率。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。A. medicine药品；B. shelter住所；C. fd食物；D. trip旅行。前文提到“Meanwhile, Rchester, a city f America, has a high rate f fd 8 ”（与此同时，美国的罗彻斯特市的食品不安全率很高。）由此判断，这一提案的提出是要为当地居民提供安全的食物。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里兰大学FRN分会致力于帮助这些尝试。A. aid帮助；B. assess评估；C. identify识别；查明；D. investigate调查。后文提到“With its help, the wrk is prgressing 12 ”（在它的帮助下，这项工作进展得很顺利），说明FRN分会在帮助这些为提高食品安全的尝试。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在它的帮助下，工作进展顺利。A. temprarily暂时地；B. smthly顺利地；C. randmly随机地；D. tughly固执地。后文提到“The students have relcated quantities f fd that wuld have therwise gne t waste. ”（学生们重新分配了大量原本会被浪费掉的食物。），学生们将食物重新分配，说明这项任务进行得十分顺利。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周五下午，分会的成员会聚集在一起收集校园里剩下的食物。A. cllect收集；B. eat吃；C. rder命令；D. sell卖。后文提到“Then the fd is 14 and distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state by categry.”（然后将食物分类分发到全州各地的社区。）由此判断，马里兰大学分会应该要先把食物收集起来，才能分到各处。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后将食物分类分发到全州各地的社区。A. priced定价；B. srted分类；C. tasted品尝；D. cast投掷。后文提到“distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state by categry.”（分发到全州各地的社区）由此判断，收集到的食物要进行分类好，才能分发到各个地区。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们学校的反应很积极，”一名学生说。A. bank银行；B. hme家；C. cmpany公司；D. schl学校。根据“ne student”（一名学生）可知，此处应该是指“学校”反应积极。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们确实发挥了作用，他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。A. living生计；B. difference影响；C. frtune幸运；D. prfit利润。后文提到“and they even supply the 17 meals t the peple utside the city. ”（他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。）由此可知，学生们在帮助别人提供饭菜这方面做的非常好。此处也是固定短语make a difference，意为“对……有影响”。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们确实发挥了作用，他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。A. extra额外的；B. dirty肮脏的；C. purchased已经购买的；D. expensive昂贵的。后文提到“t the peple utside the city.”（为城外的人提供了饭菜），由此判断，学生们除了将食堂的食物回收分配之外，还会额外给城外的人提供食物。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们所做的是对环境友好的。A. blind失明的；B. harmful有害的；C. adaptable能适应的；D.friendly友好的。后文提到“Thanks t FRN, they have successfully 19 the release f tns f carbn dixide thrugh reducing waste. ”（多亏了FRN，他们通过减少浪费成功地减少了大量二氧化碳的排放。）FRN的努力使得二氧化碳的排放也减少了，由此判断，他们所做的事情是对环保有帮助的。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了FRN，他们通过减少浪费成功地减少了大量二氧化碳的排放。A. allwed允许；B. prmted提升；C. decreased减少；D. received接受。前文提到“Besides, what they have dne is 18 t the envirnment.”（此外，他们所做的是对环境友好的。）由此判断，他们所做之事应该是会降低二氧化碳的排放，所以才会对环境友好。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项工作确实起到了一举两得效果，既解决了一部分人的温饱问题，又有利于生态环境。A. side侧面的；B. duble双倍的；C. ppsite相反的；D. individual个人的。后文提到“nt nly slving the prblem f feeding sme peple, but als benefiting the eclgical envirnment.”（既解决了一部分人的温饱问题，又有利于生态环境。）这里提到了这个项目带来的两个好处，一方面是针对人的温饱问题，另一方面是环保问题，说明这个项目达到了双倍的效果。故选B。
第二节 (共10 小题; 每小题1.5 分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has always been clse t my heart ___41___ my husband Jun jined hands with me years ag in Shanghai. In fact, it was nt until the tw f us had spent years in the United States that we decided ___42___ (live) the rest f ur lives in China.
Marrying a Chinese citizen des nt mean ___43___ (wrk) in China. Hwever, thankfully, ___44___ the wife f a Chinese businessman, I culd apply fr the Chinese green card after being ___45___ (marry) and living in China fr five nn-stp years. Once Jun and I mved back t China, ur jurney t a Chinese green card ___46___ (apply) began. After sme time, my turn finally ___47___ (arrive). After mnths f preparatin and multiple trips t the entry-exit administratin, we submitted it n Valentine’s Day this year. Seven mnths and three weeks ___48___ (late), the glden days f fall brught precius news. A call annuncing my Chinese green card was ready fr pickup. I felt ___49___ wave f jy as I rushed int the hallway at wrk t share the news with my husband.
Nw my jurney as a Chinese green card hlder has just begun, and I still have mre t learn t fully take advantage f ____50____ (it) benefits.
【答案】41. since
42. t live
43. wrking
44. as45. married
46. applicatin
47. arrived
48. later49. a
50. its
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者嫁给了中国公民，经过漫长的等待终于拿到中国绿卡的事情。
【41题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：自从我的丈夫Jun多年前在上海与我携手以来，中国一直贴近我的心。引导时间状语从句，主句为现在完成时，表示“自从”应用since。故填since。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，直到我们俩在美国呆了几年之后，我们才决定在中国度过余生。短语decide t d sth.表示“决定做某事”。故填t live。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与中国公民结婚并不意味着在中国工作。短语mean ding sth.表示“意味着做某事”。故填wrking。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，值得庆幸的是，作为一个中国商人的妻子，我可以在结婚并在中国不间断地生活五年之后申请中国绿卡。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，值得庆幸的是，作为一个中国商人的妻子，我可以在结婚并在中国不间断地生活五年之后申请中国绿卡。作表语，表示“已婚的，结婚的”应用形容词married。故填married。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：我和Jun一回到中国，我们申请中国绿卡的旅程就开始了。作介词的宾语，结合不定冠词可知应用名词applicatin的单数形式。故填applicatin。
【47题详解】
考查时态。句意：过了一段时间，终于轮到我了。空处为句子谓语动词，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填arrived。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：七个月零三个星期后，金色的秋天带来了宝贵的消息。此处为“一段时间+later”表示“多久之后”。故填later。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当我冲进办公室的走廊和丈夫分享这个消息时，我感到一阵喜悦。表示“一阵……”短语为a wave f。故填a。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：现在，我作为中国绿卡持有者的旅程才刚刚开始，我还有很多东西要学习，以充分利用它的好处。修饰名词benefits应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
第四部分写作 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节短文改错 (共10 小题; 每小题1 分, 满分10 分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
This mrning, I watch a vide n the Internet that shwed a rbt in a library. It sunded like a girl, which dialgues with humans were interesting but pleasant. In the afternn, I went t a restaurant, where I happened t meet anther wrking rbt lked a little bit different frm ne I saw nline in the mrning. It was standing at the dr n duty. I said, “Hell, yu are such smart!” It replied, “Hell, welcme!” When I left ut, I asked the clerk at the dr abut the rbts. She said, “It’s ff duty nw.” I was amazing that it wrked like a human. Ha ha! What interesting!
【答案】1. watch→ watched
2. which→ whse
3. but→ and
4. lked→ lking
5. ne前加the
6. such→ s
7. ut去掉
8. rbts→ rbt
9. amazing→ amazed
10. What→ Hw
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者在餐馆遇见机器人的事情。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：今天早上，我在网上看了一段视频，视频显示一个机器人在图书馆里。结合This mrning可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时。动词应为过去式watched。故watch改为watched。
2.考查定语从句。句意：这听起来像一个女孩，她与人类的对话很有趣，但很愉快。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为定语从句，修饰先行词girl，且dialgues前缺少定语，故填whse，引导定语从句。故which改为whse。
3.考查连词。句意：这听起来像一个女孩，她与人类的对话很有趣，但很愉快。interesting“有趣的”和 pleasant“令人愉快的”是并列的，没有转折关系，应用连词and连接。故but改为and。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：下午，我去了一家餐厅，在那里我碰巧遇到了一个工作机器人，它看起来和我早上在网上看到的有点不同。分析句子结构可知，where引导的定语从句中谓语为happened，故lk应为非谓语动词，且lk“看起来”无被动，故应为现在分词lking，作定语，修饰wrking rbt。故lked改为lking。
5.考查冠词。句意：下午，我去了一家餐厅，在那里我碰巧遇到了一个工作机器人，它看起来和我早上在网上看到的有点不同。ne代指机器人，此处是特指早晨在网上看到的机器人，故ne前应加定冠词the，表示特指。故ne前加the。
6.考查副词。句意：我说：“你好，你如此聪明！”修饰形容词smart“聪明的”，应为副词s“如此”，而such修饰名词。故such改为s。
7.考查固定用法。句意：当我离开时，我问门口的店员关于那个机器人的事。leave ut表示“遗漏，省去”，这里表示“我离开了”，leave是离开的意思。故去掉ut。
8.考查名词。句意：当我离开时，我问门口的店员关于那个机器人的事。此处“机器人”指的是和作者对话的机器人，且由下文的“It’s ff duty nw.”也可判断，本句中的“机器人”为单数形式。故rbts改为rbt。
9.考查形容词。句意：我很惊讶它能像人类一样工作。形容词amazing“令人惊叹的”，通常修饰物；形容词amazed“吃惊的”，通常修饰人。本句主语是I“我”，形容人应为amazed，作表语。故amazing改为amazed。
10.考查感叹句。句意：多么有趣啊！在感叹句中what修饰名词；而hw为副词，修饰形容词或副词；所以本题修饰形容词interesting，要用Hw。故What改为Hw。
第二节书面表达 (满分25分)
52. 你所在的英语俱乐部正在开展以“Our Family, Our Lve”为主题的演讲比赛。你打算参赛，请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 你对家庭的理解；
2. 如何维持和谐的家庭关系。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hell, everyne. I’m hnred t share with yu the speech “Our Family, Our Lve”. In my view, families cme in all shapes and sizes, but they all share ne thing in cmmn: lve. A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well - being.
Hwever, maintaining a harmnius relatinship between family members can be challenging, especially in tday’s fast - paced wrld. We can try sme ways. First, it is imprtant fr family members t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences. Besides, spending quality time tgether, such as sharing meals r engaging in activities, can als strengthen ur family bnds. In a wrd, lve can bring ur family clser tgether and live in harmny.
Thanks fr listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你所在的英语俱乐部正在开展以“Our Family, Our Lve”为主题的演讲比赛这一情况，写一篇演讲稿。
详解】1.词汇积累
荣幸的：hnred→ privileged
此外：Besides → What’s mre
提供：prvide→ ffer
加强：strengthen→ enhance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my view, families cme in all shapes and sizes, but they all share ne thing in cmmn: lve.
拓展句：In my view, even thugh families cme in all shapes and sizes, they all share ne thing in cmmn: lve.
【点睛】【高分句型1】A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well - being.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】First, it is imprtant fr family members t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences.（运用了it作形式主语，动词不定式t d作真正的主语的固定句型。）
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