[英语]2023_2024学年北京丰台区高二下学期期中A卷英语试卷

这是一份[英语]2023_2024学年北京丰台区高二下学期期中A卷英语试卷，共6页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，语法填空，书信写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023~2024学年北京丰台区高二下学期期中A卷英语试卷
一、完形填空
1.Early in my teaching career, I heard cuntless make-believe stries fr unfinished hmewrk. Then I grew less trusting and quitted
excuse. When the students at my new schl didn't finish hmewrk, I never asked why. Instead, I just sighed ludly and recrded a zer in the grade
bk. I sn gained the I thught I wanted.
1
any
2
One day, Anthny apprached me. "Culd I talk t yu? " he asked
3
. "I knw yu said n excuse, but I dn't want yu t think
I'm
4
because I ften cme withut my hmewrk." He then lked up at me fr the first time. "It's just that… my dad mved ut, and my mm
wrks at night, s I have t lk after my little brthers. Often, they cry a lt, and it's hard fr me t
I was abut t ask why he didn't tell me earlier when I suddenly realized why. S I changed the
wrked n it befre yu g hme? "
5
…"
6
. "Wuld it help if yu stayed after schl and
He ndded hard.
Anthny became the first student in my after-schl study sessin. Several days later, Terrell jined him, fllwed by Sandy and Randy. Befre lng, I
had a rm full f students. Their stries were nt amusing, but all very
·The pwer cmpany ur lights because we culdn't pay the bill.
7
:
8
·My dad says schlwrk is just a waste f time.
·We dn't have any paper in the huse.
I thus discvered nt all kids cme frm families that are
9
. Nt all kids have a quiet bedrm with a desk and study light. Sme dn't even
have hme. Mst imprtantly, I learned that "I'll listen"
1. A. inventing
C. accepting
10
better than "N excuse!"
B. finding
D. ffering
B. benefit
2. A. reputatin
C. experience
3. A. ludly
D. praise
B. shyly
C. curiusly
D. eagerly
B. mean
4. A. pr
C. lazy
D. weak
5. A. behave
B. cncentrate
C. struggle
D. cmpete
B. tune
6. A. questin
C. prcess
D. thught
B. mving
D. real
7. A. cmplex
C. cl
8. A. brke dwn
C. cut ff
B. put ut
D. shut ut
B. peaceful
D. supprtive
B. feels
9. A. disciplined
C. traditinal
10.A. wrks
C. understands
D. cntrls
二、阅读理解
2.Dear Clleague,
I am writing with infrmatin abut BAC University Summer Term’s fur exciting prgrams fr high schl students. These prgrams prvide the
pprtunity t study at a wrld-renwned university, strengthen English-language skills and enjy summer in Bstn. Here is a brief verview f ur
prgrams:

High Schl Hnrs is a six-week residential r nline prgram in which students take BAC University undergraduate curses and earn up t 8
transferable cllege credits. Students must be entering Grades 10-12 in fall 2024.
Academic Immersin (AIM) is a three-week nn-credit residential prgram fr students t fcus intensively n a single academic tpic. This summer
we are ffering three AIM tracks: Intrductin t Experimental Psychlgy, Intrductin t Medicine, and Creative Writing. All three tracks cmbine
classrm wrk with hands-n experiential learning activities. Students must be entering Grade 11 r Grade 12 in fall 2024.
Summer Challenge is a tw-week residential r nline prgram in which students take tw nn-credit seminars f their chice and experience
cllege life. Students must be entering Grade 12 in fall 2024.
Summer Preview is a ne-week nn-credit residential prgram in which students explre ne subject f interest while previewing the cllege
experience. Students must be entering Grade 9 r Grade10 in fall 2024.
Our Summer Term’s prgrams prvide students with rigrus and cllabrative cllege life experiences that enable them t gain a strng sense f
their persnal and academic ptential. Every year, ur students frm strng friendships as they undertake challenging cursewrk and participate in
scial events.
I have enclsed a pster and a prgram brchure. I hpe yu will share this infrmatin with yur students. Please feel free t cntact us via email at
summerhs@bac.edu if yu have any questins abut ur prgrams.
Warmly,
Amanda Nelsn
Assciate Directr
BAC University Summer Term
【小题1】A Grade 11 student in fall 2024 wh prefers nline prgrams culd chse ________.
A．High Schl Hnrs
B．Academic Immersin
C．Summer Challenge
D．Summer Preview
【小题2】Accrding t the passage, students can ________.
A．get at least 8 transferable credits in High Schl Hnrs
B．gain bth knwledge and practical experience in AIM
C．earn credits frm the curses in Summer Challenge
D．engage in in-depth research in Summer Preview
【小题3】What’s Amanda Nelsn’s purpse in writing the letter?
A．T evaluate a summer camp.
B．T prmte pre-cllege prgrams.
C．T recmmend university curses.
D．T intrduce cllege learning prjects.
3.In early 2018, I was training fr the Lndn Marathn—the first and nly marathn I wuld ever run in my life. I had treated myself t an expensive
fitness watch that tracked my time, pace and splits.
At the end f my final training run—an exhausting 21 miles (34km) —I threw myself dwn n the flr the mment I gt hme, nly t see my
watch had failed me. Twenty-ne miles briefly flashed n the screen befre it went blank and disappeared fr ever. I screamed in pain. That tragic image
f me crying n my living rm flr pretty much sums up my relatinship with exercise tracking technlgy.
It can be a ttal jy t watch yur data change n running apps as yu get strnger and faster. I nce gt a kick ut f it, but at sme pint it
became a stick I used t punish myself. I wuld watch my pace, cmpare it with ther peple’s r criticize myself fr nt ding it 30 secnds faster. I
never really recgnized exercise tracking as a prblem. It seemed t me that tracking was the rute t self-imprvement, and the pint was t imprve,
wasn’t it? The pint was t be better.
In the past year, the cncept f “being better” has taken n a different meaning. My mental health drpped, and things that were nce easy such
as brushing my teeth became unimaginably difficult. Being better stpped meaning getting faster r strnger. It meant taking care f myself and feeling
sme jy in a day. Once I started getting better, I reflected n what in my life made me happy and what did nt. S, I stpped tracking my runs and
simply deleted years’ wrth f data that was nce very imprtant t me and nw meant nthing.
What has becme very clear t me since I quit tracking my runs is that I genuinely lve ding them. I run arund my lcal park with a silly little smile
n my face. I lve it s much. But I d nt lve running quickly. I d nt like races. I d nt want t be pushed t be faster. Things I ntice abut my runs
nw include: hw my legs feel and hw my mind feels afterwards-clear and fcused. I ntice dgs, the smell f the wild plants alng the canal and the
sunshine (OK, wind and rain) n my face.
I am better. Or smetimes I am wrse. But either way I’m slwly pldding alng, and that’s gd enugh.

【小题1】The authr cried after the final training run because she ________.
A．had t stp wrking ut
B．became physically wrn ut
D．felt a sharp pain in the legs
C．lst the data n the watch
【小题2】The authr used t view exercise tracking as ________.
A．a fun hbby fr enjyment
B．a strng need fr recgnitin
D．a way f being a better runner
C．a methd f escaping punishment
【小题3】What des “being better” mean t the authr nw?
A．Getting pleasure ut f winning races.
C．Freeing herself frm demanding tasks.
【小题4】What can we cnclude frm this passage?
A．Adjustment brings happiness.
B．Being mre fcused n her life gal.
D．Imprving her verall well-being.
B．Passin is the key t success.
C．Sprts cntribute t happiness.
D．Success equals self-imprvement.
4.Vast numbers f ed bks appear t have been memrized by ChatGPT and its successr GPT-4, psing questins abut the legality f
hw these large language mdels (LLMs) are created.
Bth artificial intelligences were develped by private firm OpenAI and trained n huge amunts f data, but which texts make up this training data
is unknwn. T find ut mre, David Bamman at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and his clleagues lked at whether the AIs were able t fill in
missing details frm a selectin f almst 600 fictin bks, drawn frm surces such as nminees (被提名者) fr the Pulitzer prize, and The New Yrk
Times’s bestsellers lists ver the same time perid.
The team picked 100 passages frm each bk that cntained a single, named character. The researchers then blanked ut the name and asked the
AI t fill it in. This task was designed t expse if the AIs culd return the exact right answer. “It really requires knwledge f the underlying material in
rder t be able t get the name right,” says Bamman.
Bth AIs cmpleted the task with high accuracy—as much as 98 percent fr passages frm Lewis Carrll’s 1865 bk Alice’s Adventures in
Wnderland — which is ut f — and 76 percent fr J.K. Rwling’s Harry Ptter and the Philspher’s Stne, which is nt. The researchers
say this suggests the AIs were trained n significant prprtins f bth bks.
These AIs dn’t prduce an exact duplicate f a text in the same way as a phtcpier, which is a clearer example f infringement.
“ChatGPT can recite parts f a bk because it has seen it thusands f times,” says Andres Guadamuz at the University f Sussex, UK. “The mdel
cnsists f statistical frequency f wrds. It’s nt reprductin in the sense.”
“The use f wrks withut permissin in training data sets fr large language r image mdels has already emerged as ne f the mst
pressing legal challenges t this nvel industry,” says Lilian Edwards at Newcastle University, UK.
Bamman says that, ultimately, the legal system in each cuntry will have t determine whether LLMs are infringing (侵犯) s. “I think that’s
an pen questin that a lt f curt cases are ging t decide fr us in the cming mnths,” he says.
Regulatin is als likely t play a key rle: the Eurpean Unin’s Artificial Intelligence Act, which has been tw years in the making, will include a
requirement that cmpanies making generative AI tls need t disclse any ed material used t train their mdels. That was a late change,
added t the draft law in April, accrding t Reuter.
【小题1】Bamman and his clleagues designed the task t_________.
A．cmpare the accuracy rate f ChatGPT and GPT-4
B．test the range f knwledge f ChatGPT and GPT-4
C．shw hw ChatGPT and GPT-4 memrize many bks
D．check what ChatGPT and GPT-4’s training data cnsist f
【小题2】What can we learn frm this passage?
A．AIs were trained mre n ed wrks than thse ut f cpyright.
B．Guadamuz thinks what AIs have dne is a kind f infringement.
C．AI cmpanies need t uncver ed materials used as training data.
D．The permissin fr the use f wrks becmes a legal challenge.
【小题3】The passage is mainly abut_________
A．The training prcess f AIs.
B．The legal uncertainty f AIs.

C．The future regulatin f AIs.
D．The training materials f AIs.
5.A few years ag, the City Cuncil f Mnza, Italy, barred pet wners frm keeping gldfish in curved fishbwls. The spnsrs f the measure
explained that it is cruel t keep a fish in such a bwl because the curved sides give the fish a distrted view f reality. Aside frm the measure’s
significance t the pr gldfish, the stry raises an interesting philsphical questin: Hw d we knw that the reality we perceive is true?
Physicists are finding themselves in a similar truble t the gldfish’s. Fr decades they have been pursuing an ultimate thery f everything—ne
cmplete and cnsistent set f fundamental laws f nature that explain every aspect f reality. It nw appears that this pursuit may generate nt a single
thery but a family f intercnnected theries, each describing its wn versin f reality, as if it viewed the universe thrugh its wn fishbwl. This
cncept may be difficult fr many peple t accept. Mst peple believe that there is an bjective reality ut there and that ur senses and ur science
directly cnvey (传达) infrmatin abut the material wrld. In philsphy, that belief is called realism.
In physics, realism is becming difficult t defend. Instead, the idea f alternative realities is a mainstay f tday’s ppular culture. Fr example, in
the science-fictin film The Matrix the human race is unknwingly living in a simulated (模拟的) virtual reality created by intelligent cmputers. Hw d
we knw we are nt just cmputer-generated characters living in a Matrix-like wrld? If—like us—the beings in the simulated wrld culd nt bserve
their universe frm the utside, they wuld have n reasn t dubt their wn pictures f reality.
Similarly, the gldfish’s view is nt the same as urs frm utside their curved bwl. Fr instance, because light bends as it travels frm air t water,
a freely mving bject that we wuld bserve t mve in a straight line wuld be bserved by the gldfish t mve alng a curved path. The gldfish
culd frm scientific laws frm their frame (框架) f reference that wuld always hld true and that wuld enable them t make predictins abut the
future mtin f bjects utside the bwl. If the gldfish frmed such a thery, we wuld have t admit the gldfish’s view as a reasnable picture f
reality.
The gldfish example shws that the same physical situatin can be mdeled in different ways, each emplying different fundamental elements and
cncepts. It might be that t describe the universe we have t emply different theries in different situatins. It is nt the physicist’s traditinal
expectatin fr a thery f nature, nr des it crrespnd t ur everyday idea f reality. But it might be the way f the universe.
【小题1】What des the underlined wrd “distrted” in Paragraph mst prbably mean?
A．Original.
B．Accurate.
C．Distant.
D．False.
【小题2】What des Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A．The need fr a cmplete thery.
B．The lasting cnflict in physics.
C．The existence f the material wrld.
D．The cnventinal insight f reality.
【小题3】What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Nature’s mysteries are best left undiscvered.
B．An external wrld is independent f the bservers.
C．Peple’s theries are influenced by their viewpints.
D．It is essential t figure ut which picture f reality is better.
【小题4】Accrding t the passage, the authr may agree that ________.
A．varius interpretatins f the universe are welcmed
B．physicists have a favrite candidate fr the final thery
C．multiple realities can be pieced tgether t shw the real wrld
D．there is still pssibility t unify different theries int a single ne
6.The Psitive Effects f a Psitive Affect
Parents ften have high hpes fr hw their children will turn ut in adulthd, such as wanting them t be healthy, t feel satisfied with their career,
and t have strng friendships.
【小题1】
Recent research suggests that a teen’s affect—especially psitive affect—is ne critical factr. What exactly is affect? Affect is the tendency t
express psitive r negative emtins, which in turn influences hw we experience things and determine whether t judge a given situatin as psitive

r negative.
adulthd.
【小题2】
Mrever, research suggests that a persn’s affect is relatively stable ver time, especially by the time ne reaches
Affect is typically described in terms f being either psitive r negative, and it seems that psitive affect, in particular, is related t a number f
beneficial utcmes in adulthd.
In supprt f this crucial rle that psitive affect has in develpment, a study by researchers at the University f Virginia fllwed teenagers and
yung adults frm ages 14 t 25, allwing them t understand the predictive pwer f psitive affect acrss the critical develpmental perid frm
adlescence t yung adulthd.
friends.
【小题3】
Fr example, teens with a higher psitive affect reprted had a strnger, healthier attachment t their
【小题4】
Psitive affect als predicted increased self-wrth and jb cmpetence, suggesting that, verall, psitive affect seems t be a key
predictr f yung adult success acrss several imprtant areas f functining.
But what abut the effects f negative affect? The researchers als examined whether negative affect wuld predict prblems in yung
adulthd.
【小题5】
Thus, the imprtant takeaway is that adlescent psitive affect may have pwerful links t imprtant life utcmes in the
dmains f persnal well-being, career, and scial relatinships up t a decade later.
A．Affective respnses t events typically happen autmatically.
B．S hw can parents help their children grasp the meaning f psitive affect?
C．But what factrs help prduce these utcmes as teens mve frm adlescence t adulthd?
D．Interestingly, the results suggested that psitive affect may g beynd helping teens build psitive relatinships.
E．The results uncvered that negative affect might accunt fr many life prblems when a teenager became a yung adult.
F．Unlike psitive affect, having greater negative affect did nt have any significant assciatins with any f the later life utcmes.
G．This study fund that psitive affect was strngly predictive f life utcmes in yung adulthd, such as develping better friendships.
7.阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Engaging in meaningful cnversatins with thers strengthens scial bnds and bsts well—being far mre than small talk des. Yet many peple
fear r even actively avid intimate （亲密的） cnversatins, especially with thse they dn't knw well. Why are we s unwilling t engage in an activity
that culd benefit us s acutely? Accrding t new research, it may be due t miscalculated expectatins, and changing them culd fster deeper
cnnectins.
In a series f studies published in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy, participants either engaged in "shallw" cnversatins (speaking,
fr example, abut their sleep schedule r hw ften they get haircuts) r "deep" discussins (cvering embarrassing mments r what they're grateful
fr). Befre chatting, they predicted hw awkward and uncmfrtable the cnversatin wuld be, hw clse they wuld feel t their cnversatin
partner afterward, and hw much they wuld enjy the interactin. Participants wh cnsistently verestimated the awkwardness f the cnversatins
als greatly underestimated hw much they'd enjy the mre intimate cnversatins, as well as hw clse they'd feel t their partner.
The nticeable difference between participants' expectatins and their actual experience seemed rted in the assumptin that cnversatin
partners wuldn't care abut the details f their lives. "We underestimate, essentially, hw scial thers are, " explains study authr Nichlas Epley, a
psychlgist at the University f Chicag.
Such an assumptin culd be a barrier t frming deeper cnnectins with thers, Epley believes. Yet participants appeared able t curse-crrect.
When they were tld ahead f time that it's cmmn t underestimate hw much strangers care abut each ther, they vluntarily steered the talks int
deeper directins, ptentially reaping the benefits f ding s.
A single reminder likely isn't enugh t permanently change miscalculated assumptins, Epley warns. But making the effrt t engage in just a few
psitive interactins culd help smene mentally reset. "After having a meaningful cnversatin, peple usually want t have anther ne, " he says.
"But yu can learn nly frm experiences that yu have, " he adds. "If yu think it will be unpleasant t talk t smene and therefre never try, yu'll
never find ut that yu were wrng."
（ 1 ）Why are peple unwilling t get invlved in intimate cnversatins?
（ 2 ）What culd stp peple frming deeper cnnectins with thers?
（ 3 ）Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
A single reminder can permanently change ur assumptins, but we still need t engage in psitive interactins t help us mentally reset.

（ 4 ）D yu prefer t have a "shallw" cnversatin r a "deep" discussin with strangers? And give yur reasns. (In abut 40 wrds)
三、语法填空
8.阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容填空。 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Emtinal intelligence is the ability
【小题1】
(understand), use and manage yur wn emtins in psitive ways t relieve stress,
cmmunicate effectively. Emtinal intelligence helps yu build strnger relatinships, succeed at schl and wrk, and achieve yur career and
persnal gals. It can als help yu t cnnect
(base) n definite knwledge r infrmatin.
【小题2】
yur feelings, turn intentin int actin, and make gd decisins
【小题3】
9.阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容填空。 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Fr centuries, peple 【小题1】 (express) their deep feeling t their lved nes in the frm f petry. Pems abut nature,
express the pet’s appreciatin f the beauty in the wrld, are als cmmn. 【小题3】 (sad), many pems have als been written t express
anger at the destructin f nature and reactins t hrrific events like war and death.
【小题2】
10.阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容填空。 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
After earning a master’s degree in 2016, Huang Wenxiu returned t Baise, her hmetwn, instead f 【小题1】 (seek) a career in Beijing. “I
cme frm a remte muntainus village. Quite a number f flks
【小题2】
(struggle) with pverty there, s all I wish is t d my part t
imprve their lives,” she nce said. She invited experts t tell the villagers
【小题3】
they culd imprve prductin. She persuaded the villagers
t expand the planting area. Meanwhile, sme villagers
ut f pverty thanks t her effrts.
【小题4】
(encurage) t start e-cmmerce sales. 418 peple frm 88 husehlds were
四、书信写作
11.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，最近收到英国笔友Jim的邮件。在邮件中，他提到在学习三年中文后，他想通过阅读中文小说进一步提高自己的中文水平，希望你
可以推荐一部适合他阅读的小说。回复一封邮件，内容须包括：
1. 推荐的小说；
2. 推荐的理由。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua