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初中英语牛津译林版八年级上册Grammar授课课件ppt
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这是一份初中英语牛津译林版八年级上册Grammar授课课件ppt，共57页。PPT课件主要包含了the best，after，before，考点1，温馨提示可返回原文，知识点，worse，考点2，Height，eight等内容，欢迎下载使用。
lng—lnger—lngestheavy—heavier—heaviestslim—slimmer—slimmestinteresting—mre interesting—mst interesting
Grammar Cmparative and superlative adjectivesWe use cmparatives + than t cmpare tw peple r things. We usually add -er t shrt adjectives and use mre with lng adjectives t frm cmparatives.She is shrter than I am. My bk is mre interesting than his.
We use the + superlatives t cmpare three r mre peple r things. We usually add -est t shrt adjectives and use mst with lng adjectives t frm superlatives.He is the tallest by in ur class.This is the mst expensive cmputer in the shp.
We frm cmparative and superlative adjectives like this:
A class prfile A. Daniel is writing abut his classmates. Help him cmplete the fllwing table with the crrect adjectives.
thinner thinnest
shrter shrtest
sadder saddest
cuter cutest
mre mstdifficult difficult
happier happiest
mre interesting
mst interesting
lazier laziest
better best
bigger biggest
wrse wrst
B. Daniel has made a prfile f his classmates. Read the prfile and cmplete his ntes.
1. Simn is taller than (tall) Sandy. 2. Peter is _____________ (tall) f the six students. ⑥3. Sandy is _____________ (heavy) Millie.4. Peter is _____________ (heavy) f the six students. 5. Amng the six students, Millie is _____________ (slw) swimmer. ⑦ 6. Amy is _____________ (fast) swimmer f the six students.
the tallest
heavier than
the heaviest
the fastest
7. Millie’s drawing is ______________________ (beautiful) Peter’s. 8. Sandy’s drawing is ___________________ (beautiful) in her class. 9. Millie’s English is _____________ (gd) Simn’s. Millie’s English is _____________ (gd) in her class.
mre beautiful than
the mst beautiful
better than
(重点) wrse /wɜːs/ adj. 更差，更糟，更坏(f prer quality r lwer standard)e.g. His handwriting is wrse than mine. 他的书法比我的差。He sings much wrse than he did last year.他唱得比去年差多了。
height /haɪt/ n. 高度；高(the measurement f hw tall a thing r persn is)e.g. What is his height? = Hw tall is he? 他多高？He drives at high speed. 他高速驾驶。
表示具体的而不是抽象的高度。
考题1：[新疆改编] It is reprted that the h f Qmlangma is mre than 8848.86 meters.
【分析】the height f... 为固定短语，意为“……的高度”。句意：据报道，珠穆朗玛峰的高度超过了8848.86 米。
weight /weɪt/ n. 重量e.g. He is lsing weight. 他正在减肥。She weighs 45 kils. 她体重为45 公斤。
考题2：[扬州仪征二模] Dick decided t lse _________（weigh） by eating less and ding mre exercise.
【分析】用固定搭配法。由后面的“by eating less and ding mre exercise”可知，通过“少吃和多运动”是为了“减肥”，用固定短语lse weight。
cmpetitin /kɒmpə'tɪʃn/ n. 竞赛，比赛; 竞争e.g. It’s a friendly cmpetitin. 它是一场友谊赛。The famus club has held three basketball cmpetitins this year.那个著名的俱乐部今年已经举办了三次篮球比赛。
Drawing cmpetitin
cmpetitin 作“竞赛，比赛”讲时，是可数名词；作“竞争”讲时，是不可数名词。
test /test/ n. 测试，考查e.g. We’ll have a maths test tmrrw.明天我们将进行一次数学测试。Mr Wu tested the students’ knwledge f English grammar. 吴老师测验了学生们的英语语法知识。
have/take a(n)maths/Chinese/English test进行数学/语文/英语测试
English test
f the six students 六位学生中在含有形容词或副词最高级的句子中，常用in，amng 或f 短语作状语来表示比较范围。e.g. My bike is the newest f the three.我的自行车是三辆自行车中最新的。
Peter is ______ (tall) f the six students.
Amng the three players, Nick is the best in playing badmintn. 在三个运动员中，尼克在打羽毛球方面是最棒的。Amy is the cleverest student in her class.埃米是她班里最聪明的学生。
辨析: f, amng 与in
考题3：[台湾] Bb is _______ f the bys in the family. He never des any husewrk. His brthers at least take ut the garbage smetimes.A. lazier B. the lazy C. the lazier D. the laziest
【分析】用语法判定法。根据“f the bys”和后句句意可知，他是最懒的，用形容词最高级。
swimmer /'swɪmə(r)/ n. 游泳者e.g. He is a gd swimmer. 他是一个优秀的游泳者。They swim every day during the hlidays.他们在假期天天游泳。Swimming is my favurite sprt in summer.游泳是夏天里我最喜欢的运动。
Amng the six students, Millie is ____ (slw) swimmer.
考题4：露西是一个优秀的游泳者。看！她正在游泳池里游泳。Lucy is a gd _________. Lk! She is ___________in the _____________pl.
形容词的比较级和最高级
形容词比较级用于两者之间的比较。构成：单音节和部分双音节形容词后加-er;部分双音节和多音节形容词前面加mre。e.g. Andy is taller than me.安迪比我高。
形容词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较。构成：单音节和部分双音节形容词后加-est; 部分双音节和多音节形容词前加mst。形容词的最高级前须使用定冠词the，但若有形容词性物主代词，则不用the。e.g. The girl is the tallest f the three.这个女孩是三个人中最高的。
考题1：[贵阳] Climbers’ spirit shws humans smetimes can be __________ (strng) than the frces f nature.
考题2：[盐城景山中学三模] The ld man felt even ________ (ill) tday than yesterday.考题3：[扬州树人调研] This is the ________ (tidy) rm I have ever seen. I lve it very much!考题4：[泰州] Students have ________ (little) hmewrk than befre because f the “duble reductin” plicy(“双减”政策).
当两者进行比较时通常用形容词的比较级，常用句型为“A + 系动词 + 比较级 + than+B.”。形容词比较级前常用much, a lt, a little, even 等修饰。e.g. Millie is much taller than I am.米莉比我高得多。Skiing is mre exciting than skating.滑雪比溜冰更刺激。
考题5：[徐州] Tday is much _______ than yesterday. Nice!A. cl B. clerC. clest D. the clest
【分析】用题眼法。由than 可以判断此题考查形容词比较级，much 常用于修饰比较级，表示程度。cl 的比较级是cler。
e.g. Day gets shrter and shrter in autumn.秋天白天变得越来越短。Our city is becming mre and mre beautiful.我们的城市正变得越来越漂亮。
考题6：[岳阳] With the develpment f 5G technlgy, ur daily lives have becme _______.A. mre and mre cnvenient B. the mst cnvenientC. cnvenienter and cnvenienter
【分析】用语法判定法。句意：随着5G 技术的发展，我们的日常生活已经变得越来越方便。cnvenient 为多音节单词，其比较级形式为“mre cnvenient”。表示“越来越……”用“mre and mre”。
e.g. The busier she is, the happier she feels.她越忙就感到越高兴。
考题7：[龙东] _____ yu are, ______ mistakes yu will make in the exam.A. The mre carefully; the fewerB. The mre careful; the fewerC. The less careless; the less
【分析】用固定搭配法。句意：你越仔细，考试中犯的错误就越少。由句意可知本题是“The + 比较级... , the +比较级...”结构。carefully 仔细地；careful 仔细的；careless 粗心的。第一空在句中作表语，用形容词，排除A；分析“ ___ yu are, ___ mistakes yu will make in the exam.”可知，越仔细，犯的错误越少，用careful；由mistakes 是可数名词复数可知，第二空处应该用fewer。
e.g. She is the taller f the tw girls.她是两个女孩中比较高的那个。
e.g. Wh is slimmer, Lucy r Lily?露西和莉莉，谁更苗条？
e.g. Jack is taller than any ther by in his class.=Jack is taller than the ther bys in his class.杰克比他班上其他男生都高。
考题8：[哈尔滨] — What is the highest muntain in the wrld?—Qmlangma! It is _____ than any ther muntain in the wrld.A. higher B. highest C. high
【分析】比较级+than any ther+可数名词单数”是最高级的另外一种表达方式，故空处用比较级。
e.g. He is the smartest f us three.他是我们三个人中最聪明的。He is the smartest in ur class.他是我们班上最聪明的。
(易错) in 表示环境范围，in 后的名词和主语不是同一概念范畴; f 表示对象范围，f 后的名词与主语是同一概念范畴。
考题9：[广元] — What’s ______ river in China?—The Yangtze River. It’s abut 6,300 kilmetres lng.A. lng B. lngerC. lngest D. the lngest
【分析】用语法判定法。考查形容词比较等级的用法。句意：——在中国最长的河流是什么? ——长江。它大约6,300 千米长。根据问句中的范围“in China”可知，表示三者或三者以上的事物相比较，应用最高级形式；而形容词最高级前应加定冠词the。
e.g. Mary is ne f the mst ppular singers.玛丽是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
考题10：[鸡西] I think swimming is ne f ______ sprts in ur schl.A. ppular B. mre ppular C. the mst ppular
【分析】用固定搭配法。ne f the+形容词的最高级+ 复数名词，表示“最……之一”。
e.g. The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。
考题11：Amng the fur seas ff the cast f China, East China Sea is the secnd ______.A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest
【分析】比较范围是“the fur seas”， 空处位于be 动词之后， 要用形容词的最高级。空前有序数词secnd，最高级前不用再加the。
e.g. Which is the largest in area, China, Canada r Russia?中国、加拿大和俄罗斯，哪个国家面积最大？
甲乙两者来比较，比较级是不能少。甲后be 接比较级，接着用than 加上乙。三者以上来比较，主语be 加最高级，in, f 短语表范围。
“the+ 形容词最高级+ 单数可数名词+f/ in 短语” 可与“形容词比较级+than any ther+ 单数可数名词+f/in短语”、“形容词比较级+than the ther+ 复数可数名词+f/in 短语”转换。e.g. It is the biggest city in China. 它是中国最大的城市。= It is bigger than any ther city in China.= It is bigger than the ther cities in China.它比中国的其他任何城市都大。
Jhn is the tallest by in the class.约翰是班上个子最高的男生。= Jhn is taller than any ther by in the class.= Jhn is taller than the ther bys in the class.约翰比班上其他任何男生都高。
lng—lnger—lngestheavy—heavier—heaviestslim—slimmer—slimmestinteresting—mre interesting—mst interesting
Grammar Cmparative and superlative adjectivesWe use cmparatives + than t cmpare tw peple r things. We usually add -er t shrt adjectives and use mre with lng adjectives t frm cmparatives.She is shrter than I am. My bk is mre interesting than his.
We use the + superlatives t cmpare three r mre peple r things. We usually add -est t shrt adjectives and use mst with lng adjectives t frm superlatives.He is the tallest by in ur class.This is the mst expensive cmputer in the shp.
We frm cmparative and superlative adjectives like this:
A class prfile A. Daniel is writing abut his classmates. Help him cmplete the fllwing table with the crrect adjectives.
thinner thinnest
shrter shrtest
sadder saddest
cuter cutest
mre mstdifficult difficult
happier happiest
mre interesting
mst interesting
lazier laziest
better best
bigger biggest
wrse wrst
B. Daniel has made a prfile f his classmates. Read the prfile and cmplete his ntes.
1. Simn is taller than (tall) Sandy. 2. Peter is _____________ (tall) f the six students. ⑥3. Sandy is _____________ (heavy) Millie.4. Peter is _____________ (heavy) f the six students. 5. Amng the six students, Millie is _____________ (slw) swimmer. ⑦ 6. Amy is _____________ (fast) swimmer f the six students.
the tallest
heavier than
the heaviest
the fastest
7. Millie’s drawing is ______________________ (beautiful) Peter’s. 8. Sandy’s drawing is ___________________ (beautiful) in her class. 9. Millie’s English is _____________ (gd) Simn’s. Millie’s English is _____________ (gd) in her class.
mre beautiful than
the mst beautiful
better than
(重点) wrse /wɜːs/ adj. 更差，更糟，更坏(f prer quality r lwer standard)e.g. His handwriting is wrse than mine. 他的书法比我的差。He sings much wrse than he did last year.他唱得比去年差多了。
height /haɪt/ n. 高度；高(the measurement f hw tall a thing r persn is)e.g. What is his height? = Hw tall is he? 他多高？He drives at high speed. 他高速驾驶。
表示具体的而不是抽象的高度。
考题1：[新疆改编] It is reprted that the h f Qmlangma is mre than 8848.86 meters.
【分析】the height f... 为固定短语，意为“……的高度”。句意：据报道，珠穆朗玛峰的高度超过了8848.86 米。
weight /weɪt/ n. 重量e.g. He is lsing weight. 他正在减肥。She weighs 45 kils. 她体重为45 公斤。
考题2：[扬州仪征二模] Dick decided t lse _________（weigh） by eating less and ding mre exercise.
【分析】用固定搭配法。由后面的“by eating less and ding mre exercise”可知，通过“少吃和多运动”是为了“减肥”，用固定短语lse weight。
cmpetitin /kɒmpə'tɪʃn/ n. 竞赛，比赛; 竞争e.g. It’s a friendly cmpetitin. 它是一场友谊赛。The famus club has held three basketball cmpetitins this year.那个著名的俱乐部今年已经举办了三次篮球比赛。
Drawing cmpetitin
cmpetitin 作“竞赛，比赛”讲时，是可数名词；作“竞争”讲时，是不可数名词。
test /test/ n. 测试，考查e.g. We’ll have a maths test tmrrw.明天我们将进行一次数学测试。Mr Wu tested the students’ knwledge f English grammar. 吴老师测验了学生们的英语语法知识。
have/take a(n)maths/Chinese/English test进行数学/语文/英语测试
English test
f the six students 六位学生中在含有形容词或副词最高级的句子中，常用in，amng 或f 短语作状语来表示比较范围。e.g. My bike is the newest f the three.我的自行车是三辆自行车中最新的。
Peter is ______ (tall) f the six students.
Amng the three players, Nick is the best in playing badmintn. 在三个运动员中，尼克在打羽毛球方面是最棒的。Amy is the cleverest student in her class.埃米是她班里最聪明的学生。
辨析: f, amng 与in
考题3：[台湾] Bb is _______ f the bys in the family. He never des any husewrk. His brthers at least take ut the garbage smetimes.A. lazier B. the lazy C. the lazier D. the laziest
【分析】用语法判定法。根据“f the bys”和后句句意可知，他是最懒的，用形容词最高级。
swimmer /'swɪmə(r)/ n. 游泳者e.g. He is a gd swimmer. 他是一个优秀的游泳者。They swim every day during the hlidays.他们在假期天天游泳。Swimming is my favurite sprt in summer.游泳是夏天里我最喜欢的运动。
Amng the six students, Millie is ____ (slw) swimmer.
考题4：露西是一个优秀的游泳者。看！她正在游泳池里游泳。Lucy is a gd _________. Lk! She is ___________in the _____________pl.
形容词的比较级和最高级
形容词比较级用于两者之间的比较。构成：单音节和部分双音节形容词后加-er;部分双音节和多音节形容词前面加mre。e.g. Andy is taller than me.安迪比我高。
形容词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较。构成：单音节和部分双音节形容词后加-est; 部分双音节和多音节形容词前加mst。形容词的最高级前须使用定冠词the，但若有形容词性物主代词，则不用the。e.g. The girl is the tallest f the three.这个女孩是三个人中最高的。
考题1：[贵阳] Climbers’ spirit shws humans smetimes can be __________ (strng) than the frces f nature.
考题2：[盐城景山中学三模] The ld man felt even ________ (ill) tday than yesterday.考题3：[扬州树人调研] This is the ________ (tidy) rm I have ever seen. I lve it very much!考题4：[泰州] Students have ________ (little) hmewrk than befre because f the “duble reductin” plicy(“双减”政策).
当两者进行比较时通常用形容词的比较级，常用句型为“A + 系动词 + 比较级 + than+B.”。形容词比较级前常用much, a lt, a little, even 等修饰。e.g. Millie is much taller than I am.米莉比我高得多。Skiing is mre exciting than skating.滑雪比溜冰更刺激。
考题5：[徐州] Tday is much _______ than yesterday. Nice!A. cl B. clerC. clest D. the clest
【分析】用题眼法。由than 可以判断此题考查形容词比较级，much 常用于修饰比较级，表示程度。cl 的比较级是cler。
e.g. Day gets shrter and shrter in autumn.秋天白天变得越来越短。Our city is becming mre and mre beautiful.我们的城市正变得越来越漂亮。
考题6：[岳阳] With the develpment f 5G technlgy, ur daily lives have becme _______.A. mre and mre cnvenient B. the mst cnvenientC. cnvenienter and cnvenienter
【分析】用语法判定法。句意：随着5G 技术的发展，我们的日常生活已经变得越来越方便。cnvenient 为多音节单词，其比较级形式为“mre cnvenient”。表示“越来越……”用“mre and mre”。
e.g. The busier she is, the happier she feels.她越忙就感到越高兴。
考题7：[龙东] _____ yu are, ______ mistakes yu will make in the exam.A. The mre carefully; the fewerB. The mre careful; the fewerC. The less careless; the less
【分析】用固定搭配法。句意：你越仔细，考试中犯的错误就越少。由句意可知本题是“The + 比较级... , the +比较级...”结构。carefully 仔细地；careful 仔细的；careless 粗心的。第一空在句中作表语，用形容词，排除A；分析“ ___ yu are, ___ mistakes yu will make in the exam.”可知，越仔细，犯的错误越少，用careful；由mistakes 是可数名词复数可知，第二空处应该用fewer。
e.g. She is the taller f the tw girls.她是两个女孩中比较高的那个。
e.g. Wh is slimmer, Lucy r Lily?露西和莉莉，谁更苗条？
e.g. Jack is taller than any ther by in his class.=Jack is taller than the ther bys in his class.杰克比他班上其他男生都高。
考题8：[哈尔滨] — What is the highest muntain in the wrld?—Qmlangma! It is _____ than any ther muntain in the wrld.A. higher B. highest C. high
【分析】比较级+than any ther+可数名词单数”是最高级的另外一种表达方式，故空处用比较级。
e.g. He is the smartest f us three.他是我们三个人中最聪明的。He is the smartest in ur class.他是我们班上最聪明的。
(易错) in 表示环境范围，in 后的名词和主语不是同一概念范畴; f 表示对象范围，f 后的名词与主语是同一概念范畴。
考题9：[广元] — What’s ______ river in China?—The Yangtze River. It’s abut 6,300 kilmetres lng.A. lng B. lngerC. lngest D. the lngest
【分析】用语法判定法。考查形容词比较等级的用法。句意：——在中国最长的河流是什么? ——长江。它大约6,300 千米长。根据问句中的范围“in China”可知，表示三者或三者以上的事物相比较，应用最高级形式；而形容词最高级前应加定冠词the。
e.g. Mary is ne f the mst ppular singers.玛丽是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
考题10：[鸡西] I think swimming is ne f ______ sprts in ur schl.A. ppular B. mre ppular C. the mst ppular
【分析】用固定搭配法。ne f the+形容词的最高级+ 复数名词，表示“最……之一”。
e.g. The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。
考题11：Amng the fur seas ff the cast f China, East China Sea is the secnd ______.A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest
【分析】比较范围是“the fur seas”， 空处位于be 动词之后， 要用形容词的最高级。空前有序数词secnd，最高级前不用再加the。
e.g. Which is the largest in area, China, Canada r Russia?中国、加拿大和俄罗斯，哪个国家面积最大？
甲乙两者来比较，比较级是不能少。甲后be 接比较级，接着用than 加上乙。三者以上来比较，主语be 加最高级，in, f 短语表范围。
“the+ 形容词最高级+ 单数可数名词+f/ in 短语” 可与“形容词比较级+than any ther+ 单数可数名词+f/in短语”、“形容词比较级+than the ther+ 复数可数名词+f/in 短语”转换。e.g. It is the biggest city in China. 它是中国最大的城市。= It is bigger than any ther city in China.= It is bigger than the ther cities in China.它比中国的其他任何城市都大。
Jhn is the tallest by in the class.约翰是班上个子最高的男生。= Jhn is taller than any ther by in the class.= Jhn is taller than the ther bys in the class.约翰比班上其他任何男生都高。
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