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初中英语牛津译林版八年级上册Grammar备课课件ppt
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这是一份初中英语牛津译林版八年级上册Grammar备课课件ppt，共40页。PPT课件主要包含了were doing，was having，was taking，hit，ran，考点1，知识点，考点2，温馨提示可返回原文，过去进行时等内容，欢迎下载使用。
What were yu ding when it's raining yesterday?
I was reading at hme.
A. Past cntinuus tense We use the past cntinuus tense t talk abut things that were happening at a particular time in the past.
A snwstrm hit Sunshine Twn A snwstrm hit Sunshine Twn. Mr Wu is asking the students abut it. Cmplete their cnversatin with the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets.
Mr Wu: What a terrible snwstrm! It started at abut seven this mrning. I (1) ____________ (read) the newspaper then. What (2) __________ yu (d), Simn?Simn: I (3) ______________(have) breakfast.Mr Wu: What abut yu, Millie?Millie: I (4) ____________ (walk) t the bus stp. Sandy, I saw yu and yur parents standing n the side f the rad. (5) _____________ yu _____________(wait) fr a taxi?
was reading
was walking
Were waiting
Sandy: Yes. My dad’s car brke dwn because f the cld weather. ① He (6) ____________(ring) smene t cme and help when yu saw us.
was ringing
B. Using when, while and as When, while and as can be used as cnjunctins f time. They all mean “during the time that”.I was sleeping when the earthquake started.Peple were running in all directins while pieces f glass and bricks were falling dwn.As I was trying t find my way ut, I suddenly heard sme nise abve me.
Nte: When a shrter actin happened at the same time as a lnger actin, we use the pastcntinuus tense fr the lnger actin and the simple past tense fr the shrter actin. When thereare tw lng actins, we ften use while. If the shrter actin is in the main clause, we can use when, while r as t jin them.
When/While/As Millie was watching TV, Andy came int the rm.If the lnger actin is in the main clause, we ften use when t jin them.Millie was watching TV when Andy came int the rm.TIP We use a cmma t separate the tw clauses if when, while r as cmes at the beginning f the sentence. When the earthquake started, mst peple were sleeping.
Playing in the snw Sme Class 1, Grade 8 students went t play in the snw. Cmplete the sentences with thecrrect frms f the verbs in brackets. Use when, while r as t cnnect the sentences. 1 ___________ Simn ___________ (arrive), Amy ___________ (get) sme snw frm the grund.
When arrived was getting
2 ___________ Suzy and Kitty _____________ (build) a snwman, Millie ______________ (take) phts.3 Daniel ___________ (fall) ver ___________ he ___________ (make) a big snwball.4 Peter ___________ (hide) behind a tree ___________ a snwball ___________ (hit) him.5 _________ Millie and her classmates ________________ (play) in the snw, Andy ___________ (run) twards them.
While were building
fell when was making
was hiding when
When were playing
break dwn(车辆或机器) 出故障，坏掉e.g. He was late because his bike brke dwn.他迟到是因为他的自行车坏了。My car brke dwn n a cuntry rad yesterday.我的小汽车昨天在一条乡村公路上出了故障。
My dad’s car brke dwn because f the cld weather.
break int 强行闯入 break ff 中断break ut(战争、打斗等不愉快事件) 突然开始，爆发break a prmise 违背誓言break ne’s heart 伤某人的心break the law 违法break the recrd 打破纪录
考题1：[包头] —The cmputer is wrking again!—It _______ yesterday, but smene has fixed it.A. brke dwn B. brke ut C. brke int D. brke away
【分析】考查break 相关短语的用法。根据后面的fixed 可知昨天电脑出了故障。
出故障 爆发强行闯入 脱离
(重点) because f 因为，由于e.g. He didn’t cme t schl because f the rain.因为下雨他没来学校。I didn’t buy it because it was t expensive.我没有买是因为它太贵了。He can’t cme because f his illness. = He can’t cme because he is ill. 他因病不能来。
考题2：[绥化] She can’t sleep well _______ t much nise next dr.A. because B. because f C. since
【分析】用语法判定法。句意为“她没能睡好觉，因为隔壁太吵了”。because 因为，后接原因状语从句；because f 因为，后接单词或短语；since 由于，既然，引导原因状语从句。空格后nise 为名词，故选B。
过去进行时既可以表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，也可以表示过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时与一般过去时一样，也常和表示过去的时间状语连用。与过去进行时连用的常见的时间状语有：this mrning, the whle afternn,at this time yesterday, at ten yesterday mrning,frm nine t ten last night 等。
考题1：[河北] At this time yesterday, I _____ a science exam here.A. take B. was takingC. am taking D. will take
【分析】用语法判定法。考查动词时态。句意：昨天这个时候我正在这里进行科学考试。由句中的时间状语At this time yesterday“昨天这个时候”，可知用过去进行时。
e.g. I was dancing t the beautiful music then.那时我正伴随着优美的音乐跳舞。We were listening t the teacher carefully at eight yesterday. 昨天八点钟，我们正在认真地听老师讲课。She was running at that time.那时她正在跑步。He wasn’t ding his hmewrk just nw.刚才他没在做家庭作业。
I wasn’t singing then. 那时我没在唱歌。They weren’t listening t music at that time. 那时他们没在听音乐。— Were yu reading a bk? 你在看书吗？— Yes, I was. 是的，我在看。— N, I wasn’t. 不，我没在看。— Were they playing tennis? 他们在打网球吗？— Yes, they were. 是的，他们在打。
— N, they weren’t. 不，他们没在打。— Was she dancing? 她在跳舞吗？— Yes, she was. 是的，她在跳。— N, she wasn’t. 不，她没在跳。What were yu ding at eight yesterday?昨天八点你在干什么？Where was he playing at that mment?那个时候他在哪儿玩？
考题2：[镇江] —Yu lk tired!—My husband ______ ftball matches all night. That was t nisy!A. watches B. has watchedC. was watching D. will watch
【分析】用语法判定法。考查动词时态。根据上句句意：你看起来很累！可知答句句意是：我丈夫整晚都在看足球比赛。那太吵了！表示“昨夜一直在干某事”，应用过去进行时，其结构是was / were + v.-ing。
考题3：[北京] I ______ abut my sister when my phne rang. It was her!A. think B. will thinkC. was thinking D. am thinking
【分析】用语法判定法。考查动词时态。句意为“我正在想我的妹妹，这时我的电话铃响了，正是她！”。这里强调过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时。
when, while 与as 的用法
若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作时，三者都可用。e.g. He fell asleep when/while/as he was reading a bk.他看书时睡着了。
若主从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个事件，通常要用while。e.g. Dn’t talk while yu’re eating smething.当你吃东西时不要说话。但是，若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边……”的意思时，通常用as。e.g. She sang as she went alng. 她边走边唱。
若从句是一个短暂性动作，主句是一个持续性动作，可用as/when，但不用while。e.g. It was raining hard when/as we arrived.我们到达时，天正下着大雨。
若主从句表示的是两个同时发生的短暂性动作，用as/when。e.g. I als thught f it just when/as yu pened yur muth. 就在你开口的时候，我也想到了。
考题4：[扬州] _______ astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe.A. Thugh B. Till C. When D. Unless
【分析】用语法判定法。考查连词辨析。句意为“当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿上宇航服以保证自己的安全”。Thugh 虽然；Till 直到；When当……的时候；Unless 除非，如果不。根据句意可知答案。
若要表示两个正在发展变化的动作，相当于汉语的“随着”，一般用as。e.g. Things are getting better and better as time ges n.随着时间的推移，情况变得越来越好了。
表示“每当……的时候”(暗示一种规律性)，一般要用when。e.g. It’s cld when it snws. 下雪时天冷。
若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生，而是有先后顺序的，一般要用when。e.g. I will g hme when he cmes back.当他回来后，我就回家。
考题5：—Learning t lve is like learning t walk.—Yes, ______ we step ut bravely, we can find it easy.A. althugh B. when C. unless
【分析】用语法判定法。考查连词辨析。句意：—学习爱像学习走路。—是的，当我们勇敢地迈出去，我们会发现它很容易。althugh 虽然；when当……时；unless 除非。根据“we step ut bravely, we can find it easy” 可知，两个动作是先后关系。
when 可用作连词， 表示“当…… 时”；while 也可用作连词，表示“而，然而”(表示对比); 但as 没有类似的用法。e.g. We were abut t start when it began t rain. 我们正要开始，这时天开始下雨了。He likes cffee, while she likes tea.他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。
as 和when 后均可直接跟一个名词或名词性短语，构成省略句，但while 一般不可以这样用。e.g. As/When a little by, he lived in America.他小时候居住在美国。
when 和while 后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句，但as 一般不可以这样用。e.g. When/ While in truble, ask her fr help.遇到麻烦时就去找她帮忙。
What were yu ding when it's raining yesterday?
I was reading at hme.
A. Past cntinuus tense We use the past cntinuus tense t talk abut things that were happening at a particular time in the past.
A snwstrm hit Sunshine Twn A snwstrm hit Sunshine Twn. Mr Wu is asking the students abut it. Cmplete their cnversatin with the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets.
Mr Wu: What a terrible snwstrm! It started at abut seven this mrning. I (1) ____________ (read) the newspaper then. What (2) __________ yu (d), Simn?Simn: I (3) ______________(have) breakfast.Mr Wu: What abut yu, Millie?Millie: I (4) ____________ (walk) t the bus stp. Sandy, I saw yu and yur parents standing n the side f the rad. (5) _____________ yu _____________(wait) fr a taxi?
was reading
was walking
Were waiting
Sandy: Yes. My dad’s car brke dwn because f the cld weather. ① He (6) ____________(ring) smene t cme and help when yu saw us.
was ringing
B. Using when, while and as When, while and as can be used as cnjunctins f time. They all mean “during the time that”.I was sleeping when the earthquake started.Peple were running in all directins while pieces f glass and bricks were falling dwn.As I was trying t find my way ut, I suddenly heard sme nise abve me.
Nte: When a shrter actin happened at the same time as a lnger actin, we use the pastcntinuus tense fr the lnger actin and the simple past tense fr the shrter actin. When thereare tw lng actins, we ften use while. If the shrter actin is in the main clause, we can use when, while r as t jin them.
When/While/As Millie was watching TV, Andy came int the rm.If the lnger actin is in the main clause, we ften use when t jin them.Millie was watching TV when Andy came int the rm.TIP We use a cmma t separate the tw clauses if when, while r as cmes at the beginning f the sentence. When the earthquake started, mst peple were sleeping.
Playing in the snw Sme Class 1, Grade 8 students went t play in the snw. Cmplete the sentences with thecrrect frms f the verbs in brackets. Use when, while r as t cnnect the sentences. 1 ___________ Simn ___________ (arrive), Amy ___________ (get) sme snw frm the grund.
When arrived was getting
2 ___________ Suzy and Kitty _____________ (build) a snwman, Millie ______________ (take) phts.3 Daniel ___________ (fall) ver ___________ he ___________ (make) a big snwball.4 Peter ___________ (hide) behind a tree ___________ a snwball ___________ (hit) him.5 _________ Millie and her classmates ________________ (play) in the snw, Andy ___________ (run) twards them.
While were building
fell when was making
was hiding when
When were playing
break dwn(车辆或机器) 出故障，坏掉e.g. He was late because his bike brke dwn.他迟到是因为他的自行车坏了。My car brke dwn n a cuntry rad yesterday.我的小汽车昨天在一条乡村公路上出了故障。
My dad’s car brke dwn because f the cld weather.
break int 强行闯入 break ff 中断break ut(战争、打斗等不愉快事件) 突然开始，爆发break a prmise 违背誓言break ne’s heart 伤某人的心break the law 违法break the recrd 打破纪录
考题1：[包头] —The cmputer is wrking again!—It _______ yesterday, but smene has fixed it.A. brke dwn B. brke ut C. brke int D. brke away
【分析】考查break 相关短语的用法。根据后面的fixed 可知昨天电脑出了故障。
出故障 爆发强行闯入 脱离
(重点) because f 因为，由于e.g. He didn’t cme t schl because f the rain.因为下雨他没来学校。I didn’t buy it because it was t expensive.我没有买是因为它太贵了。He can’t cme because f his illness. = He can’t cme because he is ill. 他因病不能来。
考题2：[绥化] She can’t sleep well _______ t much nise next dr.A. because B. because f C. since
【分析】用语法判定法。句意为“她没能睡好觉，因为隔壁太吵了”。because 因为，后接原因状语从句；because f 因为，后接单词或短语；since 由于，既然，引导原因状语从句。空格后nise 为名词，故选B。
过去进行时既可以表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，也可以表示过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时与一般过去时一样，也常和表示过去的时间状语连用。与过去进行时连用的常见的时间状语有：this mrning, the whle afternn,at this time yesterday, at ten yesterday mrning,frm nine t ten last night 等。
考题1：[河北] At this time yesterday, I _____ a science exam here.A. take B. was takingC. am taking D. will take
【分析】用语法判定法。考查动词时态。句意：昨天这个时候我正在这里进行科学考试。由句中的时间状语At this time yesterday“昨天这个时候”，可知用过去进行时。
e.g. I was dancing t the beautiful music then.那时我正伴随着优美的音乐跳舞。We were listening t the teacher carefully at eight yesterday. 昨天八点钟，我们正在认真地听老师讲课。She was running at that time.那时她正在跑步。He wasn’t ding his hmewrk just nw.刚才他没在做家庭作业。
I wasn’t singing then. 那时我没在唱歌。They weren’t listening t music at that time. 那时他们没在听音乐。— Were yu reading a bk? 你在看书吗？— Yes, I was. 是的，我在看。— N, I wasn’t. 不，我没在看。— Were they playing tennis? 他们在打网球吗？— Yes, they were. 是的，他们在打。
— N, they weren’t. 不，他们没在打。— Was she dancing? 她在跳舞吗？— Yes, she was. 是的，她在跳。— N, she wasn’t. 不，她没在跳。What were yu ding at eight yesterday?昨天八点你在干什么？Where was he playing at that mment?那个时候他在哪儿玩？
考题2：[镇江] —Yu lk tired!—My husband ______ ftball matches all night. That was t nisy!A. watches B. has watchedC. was watching D. will watch
【分析】用语法判定法。考查动词时态。根据上句句意：你看起来很累！可知答句句意是：我丈夫整晚都在看足球比赛。那太吵了！表示“昨夜一直在干某事”，应用过去进行时，其结构是was / were + v.-ing。
考题3：[北京] I ______ abut my sister when my phne rang. It was her!A. think B. will thinkC. was thinking D. am thinking
【分析】用语法判定法。考查动词时态。句意为“我正在想我的妹妹，这时我的电话铃响了，正是她！”。这里强调过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时。
when, while 与as 的用法
若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作时，三者都可用。e.g. He fell asleep when/while/as he was reading a bk.他看书时睡着了。
若主从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个事件，通常要用while。e.g. Dn’t talk while yu’re eating smething.当你吃东西时不要说话。但是，若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边……”的意思时，通常用as。e.g. She sang as she went alng. 她边走边唱。
若从句是一个短暂性动作，主句是一个持续性动作，可用as/when，但不用while。e.g. It was raining hard when/as we arrived.我们到达时，天正下着大雨。
若主从句表示的是两个同时发生的短暂性动作，用as/when。e.g. I als thught f it just when/as yu pened yur muth. 就在你开口的时候，我也想到了。
考题4：[扬州] _______ astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe.A. Thugh B. Till C. When D. Unless
【分析】用语法判定法。考查连词辨析。句意为“当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿上宇航服以保证自己的安全”。Thugh 虽然；Till 直到；When当……的时候；Unless 除非，如果不。根据句意可知答案。
若要表示两个正在发展变化的动作，相当于汉语的“随着”，一般用as。e.g. Things are getting better and better as time ges n.随着时间的推移，情况变得越来越好了。
表示“每当……的时候”(暗示一种规律性)，一般要用when。e.g. It’s cld when it snws. 下雪时天冷。
若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生，而是有先后顺序的，一般要用when。e.g. I will g hme when he cmes back.当他回来后，我就回家。
考题5：—Learning t lve is like learning t walk.—Yes, ______ we step ut bravely, we can find it easy.A. althugh B. when C. unless
【分析】用语法判定法。考查连词辨析。句意：—学习爱像学习走路。—是的，当我们勇敢地迈出去，我们会发现它很容易。althugh 虽然；when当……时；unless 除非。根据“we step ut bravely, we can find it easy” 可知，两个动作是先后关系。
when 可用作连词， 表示“当…… 时”；while 也可用作连词，表示“而，然而”(表示对比); 但as 没有类似的用法。e.g. We were abut t start when it began t rain. 我们正要开始，这时天开始下雨了。He likes cffee, while she likes tea.他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。
as 和when 后均可直接跟一个名词或名词性短语，构成省略句，但while 一般不可以这样用。e.g. As/When a little by, he lived in America.他小时候居住在美国。
when 和while 后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句，但as 一般不可以这样用。e.g. When/ While in truble, ask her fr help.遇到麻烦时就去找她帮忙。
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