初中英语2024届中考重点语法主语从句知识讲解

这是一份初中英语2024届中考重点语法主语从句知识讲解，共3页。学案主要包含了主语从句的概念与类型，学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题，语气等内容，欢迎下载使用。
主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether以及连接代词wh, what, which, whever, whatever, whichever和连接副词when, where, why, hw等.
例如:
That she was chsen made us very happy.
她当选了使我们很高兴.
What caused the accident is a cmplete mystery.
是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜.
Whether she will cme r nt is still a questin.
她是否来还是一个问题.
Which team will win the match is still unknwn.
哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道.
Whever cmes t the party will receive a present.
参加聚会的每一个人都将收到一份礼物.
When they will start has nt been decided yet.
他们何时出发还没决定.
注意:上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免"头重脚轻",常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面.
例如:
It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.
她犯了这样一个错误,真是遗憾.
It depends n the climate whether they are ging shpping tday.
他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况.
这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:
1)It is + adj./ n.+从句
It is a pity/shame that...遗憾的是……
It is pssible that...很可能……
It is unlikely that...不可能……
2)It +不及物动词+从句
It seems/appears that...似乎……
It happened that...碰巧……
3)It + be +过去分词+从句
It is said that...据说……
It is knwn t all that...众所周知……
It is reprted that...据报道……
It is believed that...据信……;人们相信……
It is suggested that...有人建议……
It must be pinted ut that...必须指出……
It has been prved that...已证明…….例如:
It is believed that at least a scre f buildings were damaged r destryed.据信,至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉.
It is suggested that the meeting shuld be put ff.有人建议会议延期召开.
It's reprted that three peple were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.据报道,事故中三人丧生,五人重伤.
It is knwn t all that Taiwan is an inseparable part f China.众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分.
[巩固练习]
1.Des _______ matter if he can't finish the jb n time?
A.this B.that C.he D.it
2.It wrried her a bit _______ her hair was turning grey.
A.which B.that C.if D.fr
3._______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an internatinal language.
A.There B.This C.That D.It
二、学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题
1)引导词that与what
what既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分(主语、宾语、表语等).这时what相当于all that/everything that...,常译成"所……的(东西、事情、话等.)";而that只起连接作用,本身无实际意义,在从句中也不担当任何句子成分.但that引导的主语从句放在句首时,不能省略that.
例如:
What is dne can't be undne.
(谚语)已成定局,无可挽回.
What we can't get seems better than what we have.
我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好.
That we shuld wrk ut a plan t deal with the present serius situatin is imprtant.
我们应该制定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势,这一点非常重要.
That a new teacher will cme t teach us gegraphy is true.
一位新老师将来教我们地理,这是真的.
[巩固练习]
4._______ what they tld me really true?
A.Has B.Is C.Des D.Have
5.It matters little _______ a man dies, but _______ matters much is _______ he lives.
A.hw; what; hw B.hw; it; hw C.why; it; why D.that; what; that
6._______ she culdn't understand was _______ fewer and fewer students shwed interest in her lessns.
A.What; why B.That; what C.What; because D.Why; that
7.It is pretty well understd _______ cntrls the flw f carbn dixide in and ut the atmsphere tday.
A.that B.when C.what D.hw
8._______ fashin differs frm cuntry t cuntry may reflect the cultural differences frm ne aspect.
A.What B.That C.This D.Which
9.-What made her parents s angry?
- _______ she had failed in the examinatin.
A.As B.Because C.Since D.That
2)引导词if和whether
if和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用,但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句(放在句首时)、表语从句常由whether引导.
例如:
Whether she will g hme r nt is unknwn.
她是否回家还不得而知.
Whether we shall raise ducks r geese remains t be decided.
我们是养鸭还是养鹅仍没决定.
=It remains t be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks r geese.
[巩固练习]
10._______ we'll g camping tmrrw depends n the weather.
A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where
3)其它引导词
连接代词wh, which, whm, whse有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当语、宾语、表语、定语等;连接副词when,where, why, hw等有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当状语.
[巩固练习]
11.-D yu remember _______ he came?
-Yes, I d.He came by car.
A.hw B.when C.that D.if
12.It was a matter f _______ wuld take the psitin.
A.wh B.whse C.whm D.whmever
13.-I drve t Zhuhai fr the air shw last week.
-Is that _______ yu had a few days ff?
A.why B.when C.what D.where
14.I read abut it in sme bk r ther, des it matter _______ it was?
A.where B.what C.hw D.which
三、语气
在It is necessary / natural / imprtant / strange...+ that-clause这类句型里,that所引导的主语从句中谓语动词用"shuld +原形",表虚似语气.
例如:
It is necessary that the prblem shuld be settled at nce.
这个问题必须马上解决.
It's strange that he shuld have gne away withut telling us.
他竟然没向我们说一声就走了,真是奇怪.
[巩固练习]
15.It is necessary that a cllege student _______ at least a freign language.
A.masters B.shuld master C.mastered D.will master
四、以it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句型的区别
"It be + adj./n.+ that-clause"与强调句型均有It 之类的语言标志,但不同的是:①前者中的that从句是主语从句.若删掉其中的It be和that,则剩余部分不论结构还是语意都不能成为一个句子;但若将后者中的It be和that去掉,则剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子.②强调句型译为汉语时可加上"正是……"或"就是……"之类的字眼,而主语从句则不可以.
请比较下面两个句子:
It is surprising that Mary shuld have wn first place.
令人惊奇的是玛莉竟然获得了第一名.
It is Mary that has wn first place.
正是玛莉得了第一名.
第一句话中的It是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句.句中的It is和that无法删除,一旦删除句子就不成立.
第二句是强调句型,其中的It is和that可以去掉,因为没有It is和that句子仍然很通顺.
Key: 1-5 DBDBA 6-10 ACBDB 11-15 AAADB