江苏省南通市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份江苏省南通市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），共33页。试卷主要包含了 Where is Tm?等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求。
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the man suggest the wman d?
A. Fix the seats. B. Repair a light. C. Replace a windw.
2. What will the speakers d tnight?
A. Play mbile games. B. Watch a mvie. C. D their hmewrk.
3. What is the wman ding?
A. Asking the way. B. Putting up a sign. C. Walking t the park.
4. What des the man feel regretful fr?
A. Lsing tuch with friends.
B. Having sme bad memries.
C. Remembering little abut childhd.
5. Where is Tm?
A. At a garden. B. At a restaurant. C. At a supermarket.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What des the wman need mst nw?
A. Biscuits. B. Water. C. Apples.
7. Which place will the speakers g next?
A. T a frest. B. T a shp. C. T a hill.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where are the speakers ging at the weekend?
A. T a glf curse. B. T a farm. C. T the twn.
9. Why are the speakers making the plan?
A. T take a rest. B. T talk abut business. C. T celebrate a birthday.
10. When are the speakers leaving?
A. On Friday mrning. B. On Friday afternn. C. On Friday evening.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What picture is n the man's shirt?
A. A famus city. B. A dg. C. A band.
12. When was the man's grandfather prbably brn?
A. In 1950. B. In 1951. C. In 1961.
13 What d we knw abut Three Dg Night?
A. They changed their name.
B. They mainly played pp music.
C. They nce wrked with Redwd.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Hw des the man feel abut his interview?
A. A bit wrried. B. Greatly cnfident. C. Terribly disappinted.
15. Why did the wman apply t the University f Michigan?
A. It's her dream university.
B. Her father wants her t g there.
C. She believes it's a great medical schl.
16. What des the wman want t be?
A. A reprter. B. A teacher. C. A dctr.
17. What is the mst prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Wrkmates. B. Strangers. C. Classmates.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What fd is rich in vitamin D?
A. Bnes. B. Oily cake. C. Cheese.
19. What is the survival rate f patients in the secnd grup after their peratins?
A. 30%. B. 46%. C. 72%.
20. What is the main idea f the talk?
A. An intrductin t cancer.
B. Different treatments fr cancer.
C. Vitamin D's benefit fr peple with a certain cancer.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Old Twn, Histry & Tales Tur
●Abut
This walking tur is a perfect way t start yur trip & an excellent basis fr ur ther turs, ffering yu an excellent verview f the city, s yu can have a cmplete Edinburgh experience!
Cvering everything frm histry t religin & flklre, this walking tur is ur riginal tur f Edinburgh’s medieval Old Twn. By explring the city with a guide, yu’ll be able t stp lking at a map and fcus n enjying the sites arund yu. Our talented and entertaining guides will walk yu thrugh the streets and alleys f Auld Reekie (Edinburgh) while enthralling (迷住) yu with its histry, flklre and tales!
We are very prud f the high quality f all f ur turs and the Old Twn Tur is n exceptin. Hwever, dn’t take ur wrd fr it. Check ut ur near flawless TripAdvisr reviews.
●Additinal Infrmatin
Nn-service animals are nt allwed.
Digital translatins in English, German, French, Italian, Spanish & Mandarin available n request.
We unfrtunately d nt advise guests in wheelchairs t jin the tur, due t the narrw stairways. We aplgize fr any incnvenience r disappintment caused.
These turs run all the year rund s please wear clthing that is apprpriate fr the Scttish climate and cme in ftwear that yu are cmfrtable in fr a tw-hur walking tur n the histric streets f Edinburgh.
1. Hw can visitrs benefit frm the Edinburgh tur?
A. They will chart the map f the city.
B. They will develp gd ties with guides.
C. They will becme mre fcused in classes.
D. They will have a better understanding f the city.
2. Hw much wuld a cuple with tw kids aged 4 and 8 pay fr admissin?
A. £30.B. £40.C. £50.D. £60.
3. What are the visitrs advised t d?
A. Dress apprpriately.B. Use wheelchairs.
C. Take nn-service pets.D. Hire a translatr.
B
At 67, Margaret Bending perfrmed her first prfessinal shw. Taking t the stage in February 2020, Bending launched int a dance and theatre piece accmpanied by thse all aged ver 60. “I was terrified but as sn as we gt ging, I realized that this was what I had been lking fr,” she says. “Mving my bdy and being surrunded by all these wnderful perfrmers, I felt cmpletely liberated.”
Grwing up in 1960s Linclnshire, Bending’s first lve was space explratin. Determined t make it int space after witnessing Yuri Gagarin’s Vstk 1 flight as a seven-year-ld in 1961, Bending went n t d a PhD at Leicester University and began wrking at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy n rcket launches. By 1990, she’d had her first child and decided t pause her career t hmeschl. Over the next tw decades, she hmeschled her ther three children until, in 2015, her yungest sn departed fr university and she fund herself with an empty nest at her Nrth Yrkshire hme.
“It felt as if I was dne with wrking and parenting s it was nw time fr a new chapter t begin,” she says. Lking back n her childhd hbbies fr inspiratin during retirement. Bending landed n ne memry. “When I was 14 r 15, I played the part f Anitra in a schl prductin and I lved it,” she says. “I remember the jy f dancing.”
Bending began researching lcal perfrmance curses and landed n Leeds Playhuse’s Heydays prgramme. Every Wednesday mrning, she wuld attend half-day wrkshps n everything frm reading plays alud t dancing salsa and imprvisatin (即兴表演) .
Nw 71, Bending has since becme s fnd f stage wrk that in 2023 she perfrmed her wn ne-wman shw, The Stry f a Rcket Scientist, dramatising her career t an audience f 80 peple. She has als mre recently becme a paid member f the Perfrmance Ensemble, facilitating cmmunity utreach prgrammes t encurage lder peple t try their hand at taking part in perfrmance.
“The whle experience has been exciting, and it’s made me s much mre cnfident,” she says. “Peple stp seeing yu as an individual in yur 60s but by getting n stage we can shw the wrld that we still have things t say, experiences t share and a future t wrk twards.”
4. Hw did Bending view her first prfessinal shw?
A. It was far frm perfect.B. It wuld bring her fame.
C. It wuld imprve her fitness.D. It gave her a sense f freedm.
5. What inspired Bending t take up perfrming?
A. A teenage encunter.B. A space flight bradcast.
C. Her hmeschling experience.D. Her lng-held dream.
6. What d we knw abut The Stry f a Rcket Scientist?
A. It had a high bx ffice.B. It is starred by famus actrs.
C. It is abut Bending’s experience.D. It has attracted mre senirs t the shw.
7. What message des the text intend t cnvey?
A. Rme was nt built in a day.B. One is never t ld t start.
C. Many hands make light wrk.D. Actins speak luder than wrds.
C
Children as yung as tw years ld went ut f their way t help dgs get tys and tasty treats that were placed beynd their reach, despite never having met the animals befre, scientists fund.
The wrk suggests that tddlers culd nt nly understand the dgs’ desires, but were willing and able t help them ut, even thugh the chances f the dgs returning the favur were small.
The researchers recruited 97 tddlers aged between 20 and 47 mnths and watched them interact with three child-friendly dgs at the University f Michigan’s child lab. In the experiments, researchers drpped tys r snacks just beynd the dg’s reach, n the tddler’s side f a fence that separated the tw.
Writing in the jurnal Human-Animal Interactins, the scientists describe hw tddlers were twice as likely t hand ver unreachable tys and treats when dgs displayed curisity twards them. The children helped in half f all instances when dgs wanted the bjects, but nly in a quarter f cases when the animals shwed n interest.
“It’s been knwn fr a lng time that tddlers will g ut f their way t help struggling humans, even strangers,” said Prf Henry Wellman, a senir authr n the study at the University f Michigan. But it was unclear whether humans develped such altruism (利他主义) nly twards ther peple, wh might help back, and nt ther species. The study shws “it applies t ther animals t”, Wellman said, “like dgs they will never see again”.
Friendly behaviur twards ther species, even in children wh are still learning t walk and talk, may have helped humans thrive (兴旺) arund the wrld, the researchers say. Apparently altruistic acts, such as leaving fd ut fr animals, culd have underpinned practices that led t the dmesticatin f species frm dgs and cats t cws, pigs, sheep and hrses.
“Animal dmesticatin was really advantageus t human survival. It really enabled us t live and thrive, there’s a huge benefit,” said Wellman. “Why we came t dmesticate animals is a big mystery (谜) , and this is ne piece f evidence that might help us t understand that mystery.”
Future studies are needed t examine ther psychlgical cmpnents f instrumental helping, including what emtins underlie a child’s mtivatin t help dgs, hw culture shapes these mtivatins, and hw these prcesses change as a child grws lder.
8. What did the research finding mainly reveal abut children?
A. Their playing games with dgs.B. Their helping behaviur twards dgs.
C. Their sharing favurite treats with dgs.D. Their effective cmmunicatin with dgs.
9. Children are mre likely t prvide dgs with ut-f-reach items when ________.
A. dgs ignred themB. their favur wuld be returned
C. dgs shwed an interest in themD. the items were n the tddler’s side
10. What des the underlined wrd “underpinned” in paragraph 6 mean?
A. Delayed.B. Strengthened.C. Assessed.D. Crrected.
11. What is the last paragraph f the text mainly abut?
A. The significance f the research.B. The applicatin f the research.
C. Expectatins fr further research.D. New perspectives f scientists.
D
Withut ready access t a time machine, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have built an AI-pwered chatbt that simulates (模拟) a user’s lder self and dishes ut bservatins and wisdm. It has the ptential t significantly impact hw peple make decisins tday with their future wellbeing in mind.
T interact with the chatbt, users are first asked t answer a series f questins abut themselves, their friends and family, the past experiences that shaped them, and the ideal life they envisin fr the future. They then uplad a prtrait image, which the prgram digitally ages t prduce a likeness f the user aged 60.
Next, the prgram feeds infrmatin frm the user’s answers int a large language mdel that generates rich synthetic (合成) memries fr the simulated lder self. This ensures that when the chatbt respnds t questins, it draws n a relevant backstry.
The final part f the system is the chatbt itself, pwered by OpenAI’s GPT3.5, which intrduces itself as a ptential lder versin f the user that is able t talk abut its life experiences.
Users are tld the “future self” is nt a predictin but rather a ptential future self. They are encuraged t explre different futures by changing their answers t the questinnaire.
Pataranutaprn, wh wrks n the Future Yu prject at MIT’s Media Lab, has had several cnversatins with his “future self”, but said the mst prfund (深远的) was when the chatbt reminded him that his parents wuld nt be arund fr ever, s he shuld spend time with them while he culd. “The sessin gave me a perspective that is still impactful t me t this day,” he said.
“Frm a practical standpint, the effectiveness will likely depend n hw well it can simulate meaningful and relevant cnversatins,” he added. “If users perceive the chatbt as genuine and insightful, it culd significantly influence their behaviur. Hwever, if the interactins feel shallw, the impact might be limited.”
12. What can the “future self” chatbt help its users d?
A. Imprve their welfare.B. Inspire wise life chices.
C. Plish their future selves.D. Get access t a time machine.
13. What is crucial t the prductin f an lder versin f the users?
A. Their prtrait image.B. Their memry ability.
C. The infrmatin prvided.D. The language mdel emplyed.
14. What des the underlined wrd “sessin” in paragraph 6 refer t?
A. Pataranutaprn’s wrk at MIT’s Media Lab.
B. The gd ld days f Pataranutaprn’s parents.
C The precius time Pataranutaprm spent with his parents.
D. Pataranutaprn’s mst prfund talk with his "future self".
15. Hw des Pataranutaprn cmment n the effectiveness f the chatbt?
A. It depends.B. It desn’t last lng.
C. It will be carefully checked.D. It will be disastrus.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Overcme Challenges When Learning frm Failure
Failure is a bitter pill t swallw, isn’t it? But, it’s ften in the mst difficult mments, in the ashes f defeat, that we find ur greatest pprtunities fr grwth. ___16___ This guide will lk int the cmmn challenges assciated with learning frm failure and hw t vercme them.
● Dealing with emtinal stress and burnut
Failure ften cmes with a heavy emtinal burden. ___17___ The first step in vercming this challenge is acknwledging these emtins. It’s kay t feel disappinted — but dn’t let yur failure define yu. Instead, view it as a temprary setback, nt an endpint.
● Maintaining fcus and visin
After a failure, it’s easy t lse sight f yur riginal visin. But maintaining yur fcus n yur lng-term gals is critical. Take a step back, reflect n yur visin, and rearrange yur strategies accrdingly. Yes, yu might need t adjust yur plans r timelines, but dn’t let failure ruin yur verall visin. ___18___
● Cntinuus learning and skill develpment
The greatest lessn frm failure is the pprtunity t learn. Develp a grwth mindset and invest in cntinuus learning — attend wrkshps, read bks, r take nline curses. ___19___ Analyze yur mistakes, draw lessns, and use thse insights t refine yur strategies. With each failure, yu’re beginning with mre experience.
● Accepting failure as a pathway t success
___20___ It’s merely a detur n the rad t success. It ffers an incmparable pprtunity fr grwth and innvatin. By addressing these challenges with the right mindset, yu can transfrm yur setbacks int cmebacks and transfrm failure int yur stepping-stne twards success.
A. Dn’t frget that failure itself is a teacher.
B. Learning frm failure can be cmplicated.
C. T strike this balance, make data-driven decisins.
D. Failure is nt the ppsite f success — it’s a part f it.
E. Yu can adapt t changes and avid the same mistakes.
F. Yu kicked ff this jurney fr a reasn — hld nt that.
G. Feelings f inadequacy, stress, and fear can quickly lead t burnut.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used t be 20kg verweight and unfit. After struggling with my ___21___ all my life I finally saw a dietitian. I lst 20kg in nine mnths. My self-esteem (自尊) increased and I had mre ___22___ fr life. Lsing the weight made a huge difference t my ability t ___23___ myself and d mre.
At 54 I ___24___ a 14-day trek (旅行) t Nepal. I’d nce been a big ___25___ — I left Australia at the age f 23 and didn’t return until I was 31, backpacking and living n the smell f an ily rag fr years. It felt like time t ___26___ with travel. That Nepal trek was the beginning f my ___27___ fr remte lands and lng-distance walking.
I gt fitter and strnger. I lved ___28___ in remte cuntries, seeing wide pen spaces, falling int a tent every night and sleeping 10 hurs. The nnsense f my life was ___29___. There was nthing t ___30___ except putting ne ft in frnt f the ther and ___31___ the day.
At 70, I’m still ut there hiking. Over the past 10 years I have dne sme ___32___ stuff: Nepal, Suth America, Africa and Mnglia. The mre ___33___ , the harder, the better. I wrk hard at creating an interesting ___34___ fr myself. I cntinue t think big, t ___35___ myself, t set targets that I cannt imagine I can make.
21. A. budgetB. weightC. studyD. identity
22. A. energyB. helpC. dutyD. cncern
23 A. relaxB. prtectC. pushD. express
24. A. drpped ut fB. signed up frC. cut dwn nD. thught back t
25. A. dreamerB. cnsumerC. dealerD. traveller
26. A. recnnectB. breakC. wrestleD. live
27. A. passinB. greedC. respectD. talent
28. A. vlunteeringB. wrkingC. hikingD. settling
29. A. criticalB. trublesmeC. impressiveD. frgtten
30. A. leave behindB. think abutC. weigh upD. make ut
31. A. wastingB. savingC. celebratingD. finishing
32. A. tughB. pleasantC. plainD. safe
33. A. civilizedB. remteC. diverseD. ppulus
34. A. lifeB. jbC. stryD. bnd
35. A. amuseB. cmfrtC. acceptD. challenge
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zngzi is a traditinal fd fr celebrating Duanwu festival. In fact, zngzi existed lng befre Qu Yuan. It wuld be mre accurate t say that Qu Yuan made zngzi ___36___ (famus).
This tasty dish ___37___ (cnsist) f rice dumplings with meat, peanuts, egg ylks r ther fillings wrapped in reed leaves. Zngzi differs ___38___ taste frm ne place t anther acrss China. There are mainly tw ___39___ (taste) f zngzi: sweet r savry. But nwadays, peple even make zngzi with mixed sweet and savry fillings.
Making zngzi tgether is a wnderful family event befre r during the festival. There are specific instructins t prduce each piece, frm ___40___ t add stuffing t the rice, weigh and shape each piece, t wrapping each pyramid-shaped dumpling by hand. It des take a little effrt ___41___ (make) these Chinese sticky rice dumplings, but the result is a delicacy ___42___ makes it wrth yur time.
Zngzi has t be cked fr abut 3 hurs t get the rice sticky. Arrange the wrapped zngzi in the pt in a way t minimize the amunt f space between them. This prevents zngzi frm flating and rice frm escaping during the ___43___ (bil) prcess.
In the ___44___ (pursue) f fast rhythms during the wrkday, we can surely re-cncentrate ur spirit and wash ff stress in this activity. Wuldn’t ___45___ be fun t enjy making zngzi with friends r family n the weekend?
第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，上周末你们班在当地的助老中心参加了志愿者活动。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）你所做的工作；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing t share with yu the vluntary wrk I did in the lcal nursing huse last weekend.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was shy when I was thirteen. I was als what mst teachers wuld call a “gd kid.” I fllwed the rules and rarely questined authrity. But then ne day, ne single ride n a schl bus changed all that.
The schl bus that day was crwded, ht and smelly. The windws were all rlled up—the driver’s rder—it was simply raining t hard t have them dwn. My classmates were engaged in heated cnversatins and games. The driver had shuted at several kids wh had been standing up in their seats and yelling.
I sat alne as usual, speaking t n ne. Over and ver, I carefully wiped a small circle thrugh the clud n my windw s that I culd lk utside. Peple raced here and there, grasping umbrellas r cvering their heads with jackets.
The bus stpped, waiting fr an accident t clear. As I sat quietly, waiting and watching, I saw a kitty acrss the street n the ther side f the rad. He was all wet and didn’t seem t knw hw t get ut f the rain. I wanted t g get the kitty, but I knew the bus driver, Mrs. Fster, wuld never allw me ff the bus. It was against the rules t even stand up. I als thught if I pinted ut the pitiful cat, the ther kids wuld prbably think that I was weird (奇怪的) , even weirder than they already thught I was. I didn’t want things t get any wrse than they were.
My windw was cludy again, and when I wiped it clear, I culd see the kitty was struggling in what seemed t be a flded river. He was nw up t his neck in cld water, but his little frnt paws were hlding n t the bars cvering the strm drain (排水沟) . I saw abslute terrr in his dark, rund eyes.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Many thughts raced thrugh my mind.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Everyne stpped talking and lked at me, waiting.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Start Time
Summer Seasn: Daily; 10: 00, 12: 00 & 14: 00
Winter Seasn: Daily; 10: 30 & 13: 30
Duratin
Apprximately 2h
Cst
Adult — £20
Child (5-15) — £10
Under 5s free!
2024年南通市高二学年度质量监测
英语
注意事项：
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求。
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the man suggest the wman d?
A. Fix the seats. B. Repair a light. C. Replace a windw.
2. What will the speakers d tnight?
A. Play mbile games. B. Watch a mvie. C. D their hmewrk.
3. What is the wman ding?
A. Asking the way. B. Putting up a sign. C. Walking t the park.
4. What des the man feel regretful fr?
A. Lsing tuch with friends.
B. Having sme bad memries.
C. Remembering little abut childhd.
5. Where is Tm?
A. At a garden. B. At a restaurant. C. At a supermarket.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What des the wman need mst nw?
A. Biscuits. B. Water. C. Apples.
7. Which place will the speakers g next?
A. T a frest. B. T a shp. C. T a hill.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where are the speakers ging at the weekend?
A. T a glf curse. B. T a farm. C. T the twn.
9. Why are the speakers making the plan?
A. T take a rest. B. T talk abut business. C. T celebrate a birthday.
10. When are the speakers leaving?
A. On Friday mrning. B. On Friday afternn. C. On Friday evening.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What picture is n the man's shirt?
A. A famus city. B. A dg. C. A band.
12. When was the man's grandfather prbably brn?
A In 1950. B. In 1951. C. In 1961.
13. What d we knw abut Three Dg Night?
A. They changed their name.
B. They mainly played pp music.
C. They nce wrked with Redwd.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Hw des the man feel abut his interview?
A. A bit wrried. B. Greatly cnfident. C. Terribly disappinted.
15. Why did the wman apply t the University f Michigan?
A. It's her dream university.
B. Her father wants her t g there.
C. She believes it's a great medical schl.
16. What des the wman want t be?
A. A reprter. B. A teacher. C. A dctr.
17. What is the mst prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Wrkmates. B. Strangers. C. Classmates.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What fd is rich in vitamin D?
A. Bnes. B. Oily cake. C. Cheese.
19. What is the survival rate f patients in the secnd grup after their peratins?
A. 30%. B. 46%. C. 72%.
20. What is the main idea f the talk?
A. An intrductin t cancer.
B. Different treatments fr cancer.
C. Vitamin D's benefit fr peple with a certain cancer.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Old Twn, Histry & Tales Tur
●Abut
This walking tur is a perfect way t start yur trip & an excellent basis fr ur ther turs, ffering yu an excellent verview f the city, s yu can have a cmplete Edinburgh experience!
Cvering everything frm histry t religin & flklre, this walking tur is ur riginal tur f Edinburgh’s medieval Old Twn. By explring the city with a guide, yu’ll be able t stp lking at a map and fcus n enjying the sites arund yu. Our talented and entertaining guides will walk yu thrugh the streets and alleys f Auld Reekie (Edinburgh) while enthralling (迷住) yu with its histry, flklre and tales!
We are very prud f the high quality f all f ur turs and the Old Twn Tur is n exceptin. Hwever, dn’t take ur wrd fr it. Check ut ur near flawless TripAdvisr reviews.
●Additinal Infrmatin
Nn-service animals are nt allwed.
Digital translatins in English, German, French, Italian, Spanish & Mandarin available n request.
We unfrtunately d nt advise guests in wheelchairs t jin the tur, due t the narrw stairways. We aplgize fr any incnvenience r disappintment caused.
These turs run all the year rund s please wear clthing that is apprpriate fr the Scttish climate and cme in ftwear that yu are cmfrtable in fr a tw-hur walking tur n the histric streets f Edinburgh.
1. Hw can visitrs benefit frm the Edinburgh tur?
A. They will chart the map f the city.
B. They will develp gd ties with guides.
C. They will becme mre fcused in classes.
D. They will have a better understanding f the city.
2. Hw much wuld a cuple with tw kids aged 4 and 8 pay fr admissin?
A. £30.B. £40.C. £50.D. £60.
3. What are the visitrs advised t d?
A. Dress apprpriately.B. Use wheelchairs.
C. Take nn-service pets.D. Hire a translatr.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了“老城、历史与传说之旅”的相关信息和细节，包括旅游的内容、时间、费用以及其他附加信息
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“This walking tur is a perfect way t start yur trip & an excellent basis fr ur ther turs, ffering yu an excellent verview f the city, s yu can have a cmplete Edinburgh experience!(这次徒步旅行是开始您旅程的完美方式，也是我们其他旅行的良好基础，为您提供城市的绝佳全景，让您有一个完整的爱丁堡体验!)”可知，这个步行旅游可以让你更好地了解这个城市，是开始你的旅行和其他旅游活动的良好基础。因此，游客可以从爱丁堡旅游中更好地了解这个城市。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中的Cst部分，成人票价为£20，5-15岁儿童票价为£10，5岁以下儿童免费。所以，一对夫妇需要支付2 x £20 = £40，而他们的两个孩子中，8岁的孩子需要支付£10，4岁的孩子免费。因此，他们总共需要支付£40 + £10 = £50。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“These turs run all the year rund s please wear clthing that is apprpriate fr the Scttish climate and cme in ftwear that yu are cmfrtable in fr a tw-hur walking tur n the histric streets f Edinburgh.(这些旅游全年都有，所以请穿着适合苏格兰气候的衣服，穿上舒适的鞋子，在爱丁堡历史悠久的街道上进行两小时的徒步旅行)”可知，游客被建议穿着适合苏格兰气候的衣服，穿上舒适的鞋子。故选A项。
B
At 67, Margaret Bending perfrmed her first prfessinal shw. Taking t the stage in February 2020, Bending launched int a dance and theatre piece accmpanied by thse all aged ver 60. “I was terrified but as sn as we gt ging, I realized that this was what I had been lking fr,” she says. “Mving my bdy and being surrunded by all these wnderful perfrmers, I felt cmpletely liberated.”
Grwing up in 1960s Linclnshire, Bending’s first lve was space explratin. Determined t make it int space after witnessing Yuri Gagarin’s Vstk 1 flight as a seven-year-ld in 1961, Bending went n t d a PhD at Leicester University and began wrking at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy n rcket launches. By 1990, she’d had her first child and decided t pause her career t hmeschl. Over the next tw decades, she hmeschled her ther three children until, in 2015, her yungest sn departed fr university and she fund herself with an empty nest at her Nrth Yrkshire hme.
“It felt as if I was dne with wrking and parenting s it was nw time fr a new chapter t begin,” she says. Lking back n her childhd hbbies fr inspiratin during retirement. Bending landed n ne memry. “When I was 14 r 15, I played the part f Anitra in a schl prductin and I lved it,” she says. “I remember the jy f dancing.”
Bending began researching lcal perfrmance curses and landed n Leeds Playhuse’s Heydays prgramme. Every Wednesday mrning, she wuld attend half-day wrkshps n everything frm reading plays alud t dancing salsa and imprvisatin (即兴表演) .
Nw 71, Bending has since becme s fnd f stage wrk that in 2023 she perfrmed her wn ne-wman shw, The Stry f a Rcket Scientist, dramatising her career t an audience f 80 peple. She has als mre recently becme a paid member f the Perfrmance Ensemble, facilitating cmmunity utreach prgrammes t encurage lder peple t try their hand at taking part in perfrmance.
“The whle experience has been exciting, and it’s made me s much mre cnfident,” she says. “Peple stp seeing yu as an individual in yur 60s but by getting n stage we can shw the wrld that we still have things t say, experiences t share and a future t wrk twards.”
4. Hw did Bending view her first prfessinal shw?
A. It was far frm perfect.B. It wuld bring her fame.
C. It wuld imprve her fitness.D. It gave her a sense f freedm.
5. What inspired Bending t take up perfrming?
A. A teenage encunter.B. A space flight bradcast.
C. Her hmeschling experience.D. Her lng-held dream.
6. What d we knw abut The Stry f a Rcket Scientist?
A. It had a high bx ffice.B. It is starred by famus actrs.
C. It is abut Bending’s experience.D. It has attracted mre senirs t the shw.
7. What message des the text intend t cnvey?
A. Rme was nt built in a day.B. One is never t ld t start.
C. Many hands make light wrk.D. Actins speak luder than wrds.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Bending在老年完成了工作和育儿后，开始追求自己的爱好——表演的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“‘I was terrified but as sn as we gt ging, I realized that this was what I had been lking fr,’ she says. ‘Mving my bdy and being surrunded by all these wnderful perfrmers, I felt cmpletely liberated.’(她说：‘我很害怕，但我们一出发，我就意识到这就是我一直在寻找的。移动我的身体，被这些出色的表演者包围，我感到完全解放了。’)”可知，Bending认为她的第一场专业演出给了她一种自由的感觉。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“‘When I was 14 r 15, I played the part f Anitra in a schl prductin and I lved it, ’she says.‘I remember the jy f dancing.’(她说：“当我14或15岁的时候，我在一部学校制作的电影中扮演Anitra一角，我很喜欢。我记得跳舞的快乐。’)”可知，青少年时期的一次与表演的邂逅让Bending爱上了表演。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第五段“Nw 71, Bending has since becme s fnd f stage wrk that in 2023 she perfrmed her wn ne-wman shw, The Stry f a Rcket Scientist, dramatising her career t an audience f 80 peple.(现年71岁的Bending从此非常喜欢舞台工作，以至于在2023年，她表演了自己的单人秀《火箭科学家的故事》，向80名观众戏剧性地展示了自己的职业生涯)”可知，《火箭科学家的故事》是关于Bending自己的经历。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“At 67, Margaret Bending perfrmed her first prfessinal shw. Taking t the stage in February 2020， Bending launched int a dance and theatre piece accmpanied by thse all aged ver 60. (67岁时，Margaret Bending表演了她的第一场职业演出。2020年2月，Bending在60岁以上老人的陪伴下登台表演了一首舞蹈和戏剧作品)”以及文章内容可知，文章讲述了Bending在老年完成了工作和育儿后，开始追求自己的爱好——表演的故事。所以B项One is never t ld t start.(一个人从不会老到不能开始。)符合语境。故选B项。
C
Children as yung as tw years ld went ut f their way t help dgs get tys and tasty treats that were placed beynd their reach, despite never having met the animals befre, scientists fund.
The wrk suggests that tddlers culd nt nly understand the dgs’ desires, but were willing and able t help them ut, even thugh the chances f the dgs returning the favur were small.
The researchers recruited 97 tddlers aged between 20 and 47 mnths and watched them interact with three child-friendly dgs at the University f Michigan’s child lab. In the experiments, researchers drpped tys r snacks just beynd the dg’s reach, n the tddler’s side f a fence that separated the tw.
Writing in the jurnal Human-Animal Interactins, the scientists describe hw tddlers were twice as likely t hand ver unreachable tys and treats when dgs displayed curisity twards them. The children helped in half f all instances when dgs wanted the bjects, but nly in a quarter f cases when the animals shwed n interest.
“It’s been knwn fr a lng time that tddlers will g ut f their way t help struggling humans, even strangers,” said Prf Henry Wellman, a senir authr n the study at the University f Michigan. But it was unclear whether humans develped such altruism (利他主义) nly twards ther peple, wh might help back, and nt ther species. The study shws “it applies t ther animals t”, Wellman said, “like dgs they will never see again”.
Friendly behaviur twards ther species, even in children wh are still learning t walk and talk, may have helped humans thrive (兴旺) arund the wrld, the researchers say. Apparently altruistic acts, such as leaving fd ut fr animals, culd have underpinned practices that led t the dmesticatin f species frm dgs and cats t cws, pigs, sheep and hrses.
“Animal dmesticatin was really advantageus t human survival. It really enabled us t live and thrive, there’s a huge benefit,” said Wellman. “Why we came t dmesticate animals is a big mystery (谜) , and this is ne piece f evidence that might help us t understand that mystery.”
Future studies are needed t examine ther psychlgical cmpnents f instrumental helping, including what emtins underlie a child’s mtivatin t help dgs, hw culture shapes these mtivatins, and hw these prcesses change as a child grws lder.
8. What did the research finding mainly reveal abut children?
A. Their playing games with dgs.B. Their helping behaviur twards dgs.
C. Their sharing favurite treats with dgs.D. Their effective cmmunicatin with dgs.
9. Children are mre likely t prvide dgs with ut-f-reach items when ________.
A. dgs ignred themB. their favur wuld be returned
C. dgs shwed an interest in themD. the items were n the tddler’s side
10. What des the underlined wrd “underpinned” in paragraph 6 mean?
A. Delayed.B. Strengthened.C. Assessed.D. Crrected.
11. What is the last paragraph f the text mainly abut?
A. The significance f the research.B. The applicatin f the research.
C. Expectatins fr further research.D. New perspectives f scientists.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。描述了一项关于儿童对狗帮助行为的研究，包括研究目的、方法、结果和结论，以及对未来研究的展望。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Children as yung as tw years ld went ut f their way t help dgs get tys and tasty treats that were placed beynd their reach, despite never having met the animals befre, scientists fund.(科学家们发现，尽管以前从未见过狗狗，但年仅两岁的孩子们还是会不遗余力地帮助它们拿到放在它们够不着的玩具和美味的食物)”可知，研究结果主要揭示了关于儿童对狗的帮助行为。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Writing in the jurnal Human-Animal Interactins, the scientists describe hw tddlers were twice as likely t hand ver unreachable tys and treats when dgs displayed curisity twards them. The children helped in half f all instances when dgs wanted the bjects, but nly in a quarter f cases when the animals shwed n interest.(科学家们在《人类与动物的互动》杂志上写道，当狗对幼儿表现出好奇心时，幼儿交出遥不可及的玩具和零食的可能性是平时的两倍。当狗狗想要这些东西时，孩子们在一半的情况下会帮忙，但当狗狗没有兴趣时，孩子们只在四分之一的情况下帮忙)”可知，当狗对孩子们表现出兴趣时，孩子们更有可能给狗提供它们够不着的东西。故选C项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线所在句子“Apparently altruistic acts, such as leaving fd ut fr animals, culd have underpinned practices that led t the dmesticatin f species frm dgs and cats t cws, pigs, sheep and hrses.(明显的利他行为，比如为动物留下食物，可能已经underpinned了导致物种驯化的做法，从狗和猫到牛、猪、羊和马)”推知，此处应是“加强了导致物种驯化的做法”符合语境，所以underpinned应是“加强”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Future studies are needed t examine ther psychlgical cmpnents f instrumental helping, including what emtins underlie a child’s mtivatin t help dgs, hw culture shapes these mtivatins, and hw these prcesses change as a child grws lder.(未来的研究需要检验工具性帮助的其他心理成分，包括儿童帮助狗的动机背后的情感，文化如何塑造这些动机，以及这些过程如何随着儿童年龄的增长而变化)”可知，本段主要讲述了对未来研究的期望，需要研究其他工具性帮助的心理成分，包括孩子帮助狗的动机背后的情感、文化如何塑造这些动机以及这些过程如何随着孩子的成长而改变。故选C项。
D
Withut ready access t a time machine, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have built an AI-pwered chatbt that simulates (模拟) a user’s lder self and dishes ut bservatins and wisdm. It has the ptential t significantly impact hw peple make decisins tday with their future wellbeing in mind.
T interact with the chatbt, users are first asked t answer a series f questins abut themselves, their friends and family, the past experiences that shaped them, and the ideal life they envisin fr the future. They then uplad a prtrait image, which the prgram digitally ages t prduce a likeness f the user aged 60.
Next, the prgram feeds infrmatin frm the user’s answers int a large language mdel that generates rich synthetic (合成) memries fr the simulated lder self. This ensures that when the chatbt respnds t questins, it draws n a relevant backstry.
The final part f the system is the chatbt itself, pwered by OpenAI’s GPT3.5, which intrduces itself as a ptential lder versin f the user that is able t talk abut its life experiences.
Users are tld the “future self” is nt a predictin but rather a ptential future self. They are encuraged t explre different futures by changing their answers t the questinnaire.
Pataranutaprn, wh wrks n the Future Yu prject at MIT’s Media Lab, has had several cnversatins with his “future self”, but said the mst prfund (深远的) was when the chatbt reminded him that his parents wuld nt be arund fr ever, s he shuld spend time with them while he culd. “The sessin gave me a perspective that is still impactful t me t this day,” he said.
“Frm a practical standpint, the effectiveness will likely depend n hw well it can simulate meaningful and relevant cnversatins,” he added. “If users perceive the chatbt as genuine and insightful, it culd significantly influence their behaviur. Hwever, if the interactins feel shallw, the impact might be limited.”
12. What can the “future self” chatbt help its users d?
A. Imprve their welfare.B. Inspire wise life chices.
C. Plish their future selves.D. Get access t a time machine.
13. What is crucial t the prductin f an lder versin f the users?
A. Their prtrait image.B. Their memry ability.
C. The infrmatin prvided.D. The language mdel emplyed.
14. What des the underlined wrd “sessin” in paragraph 6 refer t?
A. Pataranutaprn’s wrk at MIT’s Media Lab.
B. The gd ld days f Pataranutaprn’s parents.
C. The precius time Pataranutaprm spent with his parents.
D. Pataranutaprn’s mst prfund talk with his "future self".
15. Hw des Pataranutaprn cmment n the effectiveness f the chatbt?
A. It depends.B. It desn’t last lng.
C. It will be carefully checked.D. It will be disastrus.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。详细介绍了麻省理工学院（MIT）研究人员开发的一款基于人工智能（AI）的聊天机器人，这款聊天机器人能够模拟用户的未来自我，并给出观察和智慧。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Withut ready access t a time machine, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have built an AI-pwered chatbt that simulates (模拟) a user’s lder self and dishes ut bservatins and wisdm. It has the ptential t significantly impact hw peple make decisins tday with their future wellbeing in mind.(麻省理工学院(MIT)的研究人员在没有现成的时光机的情况下，制造了一个人工智能聊天机器人，它可以模拟用户的老年自我，并提供观察和智慧。它有可能显著影响人们在考虑未来福祉的情况下做出决定的方式)”可知，“future self”聊天机器人可以帮助用户做出明智的生活选择，考虑未来的福祉。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Next, the prgram feeds infrmatin frm the user’s answers int a large language mdel that generates rich synthetic (合成) memries fr the simulated lder self. This ensures that when the chatbt respnds t questins, it draws n a relevant backstry.(接下来，该程序将用户回答中的信息输入一个大型语言模型，该模型为模拟的老年自我生成丰富的合成记忆。这确保了当聊天机器人回答问题时，它会利用相关的背景故事)”可知，用户提供的信息对于生成用户老年版是至关重要的。故选C项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“Pataranutaprn, wh wrks n the Future Yu prject at MIT’s Media Lab, has had several cnversatins with his “future self”, but said the mst prfund (深远的) was when the chatbt reminded him that his parents wuld nt be arund fr ever, s he shuld spend time with them while he culd.(Pataranutaprn在麻省理工学院媒体实验室从事“未来你”项目，他已经和“未来的自己”进行了几次对话，但他说，最深刻的一次是聊天机器人提醒他，他的父母不会永远在身边，所以他应该尽可能多地和他们在一起)”可知，本段提到了“最深刻的”一次与“未来的自己”的对话，这次对话给了他一个至今仍然对他有影响力的视角。因此，“sessin”指的是Pataranutaprn与他的“未来的自己”最深刻的对话。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Frm a practical standpint, the effectiveness will likely depend n hw well it can simulate meaningful and relevant cnversatins,” he added. “If users perceive the chatbt as genuine and insightful, it culd significantly influence their behaviur. Hwever, if the interactins feel shallw, the impact might be limited.”(他补充说：“从实际的角度来看，效果可能取决于它能在多大程度上模拟有意义和相关的对话。”“如果用户认为聊天机器人真诚而有洞察力，它可能会对他们的行为产生重大影响。然而，如果互动感觉很肤浅，那么影响可能是有限的。”)”可知，Pataranutaprn认为聊天机器人的有效性取决于它模拟有意义和相关对话的能力，即“取决于情况”。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Overcme Challenges When Learning frm Failure
Failure is a bitter pill t swallw, isn’t it? But, it’s ften in the mst difficult mments, in the ashes f defeat, that we find ur greatest pprtunities fr grwth. ___16___ This guide will lk int the cmmn challenges assciated with learning frm failure and hw t vercme them.
● Dealing with emtinal stress and burnut
Failure ften cmes with a heavy emtinal burden. ___17___ The first step in vercming this challenge is acknwledging these emtins. It’s kay t feel disappinted — but dn’t let yur failure define yu. Instead, view it as a temprary setback, nt an endpint.
● Maintaining fcus and visin
After a failure, it’s easy t lse sight f yur riginal visin. But maintaining yur fcus n yur lng-term gals is critical. Take a step back, reflect n yur visin, and rearrange yur strategies accrdingly. Yes, yu might need t adjust yur plans r timelines, but dn’t let failure ruin yur verall visin. ___18___
● Cntinuus learning and skill develpment
The greatest lessn frm failure is the pprtunity t learn. Develp a grwth mindset and invest in cntinuus learning — attend wrkshps, read bks, r take nline curses. ___19___ Analyze yur mistakes, draw lessns, and use thse insights t refine yur strategies. With each failure, yu’re beginning with mre experience.
● Accepting failure as a pathway t success
___20___ It’s merely a detur n the rad t success. It ffers an incmparable pprtunity fr grwth and innvatin. By addressing these challenges with the right mindset, yu can transfrm yur setbacks int cmebacks and transfrm failure int yur stepping-stne twards success.
A. Dn’t frget that failure itself is a teacher.
B. Learning frm failure can be cmplicated.
C. T strike this balance, make data-driven decisins.
D. Failure is nt the ppsite f success — it’s a part f it.
E. Yu can adapt t changes and avid the same mistakes.
F. Yu kicked ff this jurney fr a reasn — hld nt that.
G. Feelings f inadequacy, stress, and fear can quickly lead t burnut.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讨论了如何从失败中学习和克服挑战，给出了具体的建议和方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Failure is a bitter pill t swallw, isn’t it? But, it’s ften in the mst difficult mments, in the ashes f defeat, that we find ur greatest pprtunities fr grwth.(失败是难以下咽的苦果，不是吗？但是，往往是在最困难的时刻，在失败的灰烬中，我们找到了最大的成长机会)”以及后文“This guide will lk int the cmmn challenges assciated with learning frm failure and hw t vercme them.(本指南将探讨与从失败中学习有关的常见挑战以及如何克服它们)”可知，前文讲述在失败中找到了最大的成长机会，后文讲述本文主要探讨从失败中学习的方法，所以空处应是过渡句，B项“Learning frm failure can be cmplicated.(从失败中学习是很复杂的)”承接上文，并引出下文，符合文意。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“Dealing with emtinal stress and burnut(处理情绪压力和倦怠)”以及前文“Failure ften cmes with a heavy emtinal burden.(失败往往伴随着沉重的情感负担)”可知，本段主要讲述如何处理情绪压力和倦怠，所以G项“Feelings f inadequacy, stress, and fear can quickly lead t burnut.(不足、压力和恐惧的感觉会很快导致精疲力竭)”是对前文讲述的情感负担的详细说明，符合此处主题。故选G项。
【18题详解】
设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“After a failure, it’s easy t lse sight f yur riginal visin. But maintaining yur fcus n yur lng-term gals is critical. Take a step back, reflect n yur visin, and rearrange yur strategies accrdingly. Yes, yu might need t adjust yur plans r timelines, but dn’t let failure ruin yur verall visin.(失败之后，你很容易忘记自己最初的愿景。但保持对长期目标的关注是至关重要的。退后一步，反思你的愿景，并相应地重新安排你的策略。是的，你可能需要调整你的计划或时间表，但不要让失败毁了你的整体愿景)”可知，本段主要讲述了即使失败了也不要放弃原本的目标，改变策略继续前进，所以F项“Yu kicked ff this jurney fr a reasn — hld nt that.(你开始这段旅程是有原因的——坚持下去)”符合本段主题，是对前文的总结。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Analyze yur mistakes, draw lessns, and use thse insights t refine yur strategies. With each failure, yu’re beginning with mre experience.(分析你错误，吸取教训，并利用这些见解来完善你的策略。每经历一次失败，你都会有更多的经验)”可知，此处是在讲述从失败中学习，所以A项“Dn’t frget that failure itself is a teacher.(不要忘记，失败本身就是一位老师)”符合此处主题，引出下文。故选A项。
【20题详解】
设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“It’s merely a detur n the rad t success. It ffers an incmparable pprtunity fr grwth and innvatin. By addressing these challenges with the right mindset, yu can transfrm yur setbacks int cmebacks and transfrm failure int yur stepping-stne twards success.(这只不过是成功路上的一个弯路。它为增长和创新提供了无与伦比的机会。用正确的心态来应对这些挑战，你就能把挫折变成反击，把失败变成通往成功的垫脚石)”可知，本段讲述了失败是通往成功的垫脚石，所以D项“Failure is nt the ppsite f success — it’s a part f it.(失败不是成功的对立面——它是成功的一部分)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used t be 20kg verweight and unfit. After struggling with my ___21___ all my life, I finally saw a dietitian. I lst 20kg in nine mnths. My self-esteem (自尊) increased and I had mre ___22___ fr life. Lsing the weight made a huge difference t my ability t ___23___ myself and d mre.
At 54, I ___24___ a 14-day trek (旅行) t Nepal. I’d nce been a big ___25___ — I left Australia at the age f 23 and didn’t return until I was 31, backpacking and living n the smell f an ily rag fr years. It felt like time t ___26___ with travel. That Nepal trek was the beginning f my ___27___ fr remte lands and lng-distance walking.
I gt fitter and strnger. I lved ___28___ in remte cuntries, seeing wide pen spaces, falling int a tent every night and sleeping 10 hurs. The nnsense f my life was ___29___. There was nthing t ___30___ except putting ne ft in frnt f the ther and ___31___ the day.
At 70, I’m still ut there hiking. Over the past 10 years I have dne sme ___32___ stuff: Nepal, Suth America, Africa and Mnglia. The mre ___33___ , the harder, the better. I wrk hard at creating an interesting ___34___ fr myself. I cntinue t think big, t ___35___ myself, t set targets that I cannt imagine I can make.
21. A. budgetB. weightC. studyD. identity
22. A. energyB. helpC. dutyD. cncern
23. A. relaxB. prtectC. pushD. express
24. A. drpped ut fB. signed up frC. cut dwn nD. thught back t
25. A. dreamerB. cnsumerC. dealerD. traveller
26. A. recnnectB. breakC. wrestleD. live
27. A. passinB. greedC. respectD. talent
28. A. vlunteeringB. wrkingC. hikingD. settling
29. A. criticalB. trublesmeC. impressiveD. frgtten
30. A. leave behindB. think abutC. weigh upD. make ut
31. A. wastingB. savingC. celebratingD. finishing
32. A. tughB. pleasantC. plainD. safe
33. A. civilizedB. remteC. diverseD. ppulus
34. A. lifeB. jbC. stryD. bnd
35. A. amuseB. cmfrtC. acceptD. challenge
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历和感受，讲述了减肥和旅行带来的生活变化和个人成长，以及对此的深刻体会和思考。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与体重抗争了一辈子之后，我终于去看了一位营养师。A. budget预算；B. weight重量；C. study学习、研究；D. identity身份。根据前文“I used t be 20kg verweight and unfit.”可知，作者超重，所以是和他的体重抗争。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的自尊心增强了，生活也更有活力了。A. energy精力；B. help帮助；C. duty职责；D. cncern关心。根据前文“I lst 20kg in nine mnths”可知，作者减掉了20公斤，根据实际，减肥能让人更有精力。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：减肥让我的能力发生了巨大的变化，促使我做更多的事情。A. relax放松；B. prtect保护；C. push促使；D. express表达。根据前文“Lsing the weight made a huge difference t my ability”可知，减肥让作者的能力发生了巨大的变化，结合选项，应是促使他做更多的事情，符合语境。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：54岁时，我报名参加了为期14天的尼泊尔徒步旅行。A. drpped ut f退出；B. signed up fr报名参加；C. cut dwn n削减；D. thught back t回想起。根据后文“That Nepal trek was the beginning f my 7 fr remte lands and lng-distance walking.”可知，作者参加了尼泊尔徒步旅行，所以此处是报名参加。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经是个大旅行家——我23岁离开澳大利亚，直到31岁才回来，多年来背包旅行，生活在油布的气味中。A. dreamer梦想家；B. cnsumer消费者；C. dealer经销商；D. traveller旅行者。根据后文“I left Australia at the age f 23 and didn’t return until I was 31, backpacking and living n the smell f an ily rag fr years.”可知，作者从23岁到31岁一直在做背包旅行，所以是个大旅行家。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：感觉是时候重新开始旅行了。A. recnnect重新连接；B. break打破；C. wrestle摔跤；D. live生活。根据前文“I left Australia at the age f 23 and didn’t return until I was 31”以及“At 54, I 4 a 14-day trek (旅行) t Nepal.”可知，作者的旅行到31岁停止了，当他54时报名了14天的尼泊尔徒步旅行，所以是重新开始旅行了。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次尼泊尔徒步旅行开始了我对偏远地区和长途徒步的热情。A. passin激情；B. greed贪婪；C. respect尊重；D. talent天赋。根据后文“I lved 8 in remte cuntries, seeing wide pen spaces, falling int a tent every night and sleeping 10 hurs.”可知，作者喜欢在偏远的国家徒步旅行，看到广阔的空间，所以是尼泊尔徒步旅行开始了作者对偏远地区和长途徒步的热情。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在偏远的国家徒步旅行，看到广阔的空间，每晚躺在帐篷里睡10个小时。A. vlunteering志愿服务；B. wrking工作；C. hiking徒步；D. settling定居。根据前文“That Nepal trek was the beginning f my 7 fr remte lands and lng-distance walking.”可知，作者爱上了在偏远的国家徒步旅行。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我生活中的琐事都被遗忘了。A. critical关键的；B. trublesme麻烦的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. frgtten被遗忘的。根据后文“There was nthing t 10 except putting ne ft in frnt f the ther and 11 the day.”可知，作者除了庆祝这一天外，没什么可以考虑的，所以是生活中的琐事都被遗忘了。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：除了把一只脚放在另一只脚前面，庆祝这一天之外，没有什么可考虑的。A. leave behind留下；B. think abut考虑；C. weigh up权衡；D. make ut辨认出。根据前文“The nnsense f my life was 9 .”可知，生活中的琐事都被遗忘了，所以是没有什么可考虑的。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了把一只脚放在另一只脚的前面，结束这一天，没有什么可考虑的。A. wasting浪费；B. saving节省；C. celebrating庆祝；D. finishing完成。根据前文“putting ne ft in frnt f the ther”可知，作者在偏远的国家徒步旅行，躺在帐篷里结束这一天外，就没有什么可考虑的。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的10年里，我去过一些艰苦的地方：尼泊尔、南美、非洲和蒙古。A. tugh艰苦的；B. pleasant愉快的；C. plain简单的；D. safe安全的。根据前文“I lved 8 in remte cuntries”可知，作者在偏远的国家徒步旅行，一般这些地方都是艰苦的地方。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越偏远，越难，越好。A. civilized文明的；B. remte遥远的；C. diverse多样的；D. ppulus人口稠密的。根据前文“I lved 8 in remte cuntries”可知，作者喜欢在偏远的国家徒步旅行，所以他认为越偏远，越难，越好。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我努力为自己创造一个有趣的生活。A. life生活；B. jb工作；C. stry故事；D. bnd纽带。根据前文“The mre 13 , the harder, the better.”可知，作者努力为自己创造一个有趣的生活。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我继续大胆思考，挑战自我，设定我无法想象自己能实现的目标。A. amuse娱乐；B. cmfrt安慰；C. accept接受；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“t set targets that I cannt imagine I can make.”可知，作者设定他无法想象自己能实现的目标，所以是挑战自己。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zngzi is a traditinal fd fr celebrating Duanwu festival. In fact, zngzi existed lng befre Qu Yuan. It wuld be mre accurate t say that Qu Yuan made zngzi ___36___ (famus).
This tasty dish ___37___ (cnsist) f rice dumplings with meat, peanuts, egg ylks r ther fillings wrapped in reed leaves. Zngzi differs ___38___ taste frm ne place t anther acrss China. There are mainly tw ___39___ (taste) f zngzi: sweet r savry. But nwadays, peple even make zngzi with mixed sweet and savry fillings.
Making zngzi tgether is a wnderful family event befre r during the festival. There are specific instructins t prduce each piece, frm ___40___ t add stuffing t the rice, weigh and shape each piece, t wrapping each pyramid-shaped dumpling by hand. It des take a little effrt ___41___ (make) these Chinese sticky rice dumplings, but the result is a delicacy ___42___ makes it wrth yur time.
Zngzi has t be cked fr abut 3 hurs t get the rice sticky. Arrange the wrapped zngzi in the pt in a way t minimize the amunt f space between them. This prevents zngzi frm flating and rice frm escaping during the ___43___ (bil) prcess.
In the ___44___ (pursue) f fast rhythms during the wrkday, we can surely re-cncentrate ur spirit and wash ff stress in this activity. Wuldn’t ___45___ be fun t enjy making zngzi with friends r family n the weekend?
【答案】36. mre famus
37 cnsists 38. in
39. tastes 40. hw
41. t make
42. that##which
43. biling
44. pursuit 45. it
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了粽子的由来、制作、口味、烹饪方法以及相关的文化活动。
【36题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：更准确的说法是屈原使粽子更出名。此处是固定搭配：make sth. adj.意为“使某物怎么样”，所以空出应填形容词作宾语补足语，根据句意，此处用比较级。故填mre famus。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这道美食由包着粽叶的粽子组成，里面有肉、花生、蛋黄或其他馅料。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时，且主语This tasty dish是单数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填cnsists。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：粽子在中国的味道因地而异。differ in…表示“在某方面不同”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词in。故填in。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：粽子主要有两种口味：甜的或咸的。taste表示“口味”时是可数名词，由tw修饰，应用复数形式。故填tastes。
【40题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：从如何往米饭里加馅，称量和塑造每一块，到手工包裹每一个金字塔形的粽子，都有具体的说明。此处为“疑问词+不定式”作介词frm的宾语，表示“如何往米饭里加馅”，所以应用hw。故填hw。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：做这些中国糯米粽子确实需要一点努力，但结果是美味佳肴，值得你花时间。It takes sme effrt t d sth表示“做某事需要一些努力”，为固定句型，it是形式主语，此处应用不定式作真正的主语。故填t make。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：做这些中国糯米粽子确实需要一点努力，但结果是美味佳肴，值得你花时间。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词delicacy，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这可以防止粽子在煮沸过程中漂浮和米饭溢出。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词prcess，修饰物，用-ing形式。故填biling。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：在工作日追求快节奏的过程中，我们当然可以重新集中精力，在这项活动中洗去压力。此处应用名词作介词In的宾语，pursue的名词形式是pursuit表示“追求”，为不可数名词。故填pursuit。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：周末和朋友或家人一起做粽子不是很有趣吗？本句缺少主语，所以此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式t enjy making zngzi with friends r family n the weekend。故填it。
第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，上周末你们班在当地的助老中心参加了志愿者活动。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）你所做的工作；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris
I’m writing t share with yu the vluntary wrk I did in the lcal nursing huse last weekend.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing t share with yu the vluntary wrk I did in the lcal nursing huse last weekend.
On ur arrival, we were divided int grups and assigned tasks respectively. Fr the duratin f the event, I accmpanied the senirs fr utdr walks and helped them learn t use electrnic devices. Als, I assisted in rganizing recreatinal activities, such as bard games and craft sessins.
Interacting with the elderly was incredibly rewarding. These activities nt nly allwed them t feel cared fr and warm, but als gave me an pprtunity t experience the jy f helping thers and cntributing t sciety.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件，分享上周末班级在当地的助老中心参加的志愿者活动的经历。内容包括：你所做的工作和你的感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
陪伴：accmpany→keep ... cmpany
帮助：assist→help
允许：allw→permit
机会：pprtunity→chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On ur arrival, we were divided int grups and assigned tasks respectively.
拓展句：As sn as we arrived, we were divided int grups and assigned tasks respectively.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Als, I assisted in rganizing recreatinal activities, such as bard games and craft sessins. （运用了动名词短语作宾语）
【高分句型2】Interacting with the elderly was incredibly rewarding.（运用了动名词短语作主语）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was shy when I was thirteen. I was als what mst teachers wuld call a “gd kid.” I fllwed the rules and rarely questined authrity. But then ne day, ne single ride n a schl bus changed all that.
The schl bus that day was crwded, ht and smelly. The windws were all rlled up—the driver’s rder—it was simply raining t hard t have them dwn. My classmates were engaged in heated cnversatins and games. The driver had shuted at several kids wh had been standing up in their seats and yelling.
I sat alne as usual, speaking t n ne. Over and ver, I carefully wiped a small circle thrugh the clud n my windw s that I culd lk utside. Peple raced here and there, grasping umbrellas r cvering their heads with jackets.
The bus stpped, waiting fr an accident t clear. As I sat quietly, waiting and watching, I saw a kitty acrss the street n the ther side f the rad. He was all wet and didn’t seem t knw hw t get ut f the rain. I wanted t g get the kitty, but I knew the bus driver, Mrs. Fster, wuld never allw me ff the bus. It was against the rules t even stand up. I als thught if I pinted ut the pitiful cat, the ther kids wuld prbably think that I was weird (奇怪的) , even weirder than they already thught I was. I didn’t want things t get any wrse than they were.
My windw was cludy again, and when I wiped it clear, I culd see the kitty was struggling in what seemed t be a flded river. He was nw up t his neck in cld water, but his little frnt paws were hlding n t the bars cvering the strm drain (排水沟) . I saw abslute terrr in his dark, rund eyes.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Many thughts raced thrugh my mind.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Everyne stpped talking and lked at me, waiting.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Many thughts raced thrugh my mind. Shuld I break the rules and risk getting in truble, r shuld I just sit here and watch the kitty drwn? The terrr in the cat’s eyes haunted me. I knew I culdn’t just sit by and d nthing. Summning all my curage, I std up and shuted, “Mrs. Fster, please stp the bus! There’s a cat drwning acrss the street!” My heart was punding as all eyes turned t me, but I knew I had t speak up fr that helpless creature.
Everyne stpped talking and lked at me, waiting. Mrs. Fster stared at me thrugh the rearview mirrr, her eyes narrwing. The bus fell silent, and fr a mment, it felt like the whle wrld was hlding its breath. Then, surprisingly, she ndded and pulled ver. “G get yur cat,” she said. I culdn’t believe my ears. Grabbing my umbrella, I leaped ut f the bus and splashed thrugh the rain t the drwning kitty. Its little paws were still clinging t the strm drain. Gently, I lifted it ut f the water and wrapped it in my jacket. Back n the bus, I received a rund f applause frm my classmates. That day, I learned that smetimes, breaking the rules and standing up fr what’s right can lead t unexpected rewards. And it was wrth it.
【解析】
【导语】本文以主人公的经历为线索展开，讲述了作者原本害羞且守规矩，不质疑权威，但在一次乘坐校车时，作者注意到一只陷入危险的小猫。尽管想去救助，但面临校规的束缚和同伴可能的异样眼光，作者内心产生了挣扎。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我脑子里闪过许多念头。”可知，第一段可描写作者内心的挣扎以及最终决定打破规矩去拯救小猫。
②由第二段首句内容“每个人都停止了谈话，看着我，等待着。”可知，第二段可描写Mrs. Fster同意了作者的请求和作者的感悟。
2. 续写线索：内心挣扎——鼓起勇气打破规矩——所有人看着作者——Mrs. Fster同意——救下小猫——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①大喊：shut/yell
②跳出：leap ut/spring ut
③举起：lift/raise
情绪类
①恐惧：terrr/hrrr
②惊讶地：surprisingly/amazingly
【点睛】[高分句型1]My heart was punding as all eyes turned t me, but I knew I had t speak up fr that helpless creature.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句以及省略that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]That day, I learned that smetimes, breaking the rules and standing up fr what’s right can lead t unexpected rewards.(运用了that引导的宾语从句，what引导的宾语从句)
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