广东省佛山市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份广东省佛山市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析），共35页。试卷主要包含了 7， Questin3， Questin5， Questin6， Questin7， Questin8， Questin9， Questin10等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2024. 7
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 听力理解（共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分）
材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有三个小题，各段播放前有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听第一段材料，回答第1～3题。材料和问题读两遍。
1. Questin1: (录音)
A. Ding Tai Chi. B. Practicing Ba Duan Jin. C. Taking a Chinese class.
2. Questin2: (录音)
A. Play basketball. B. Register fr a class. C. Attend a table tennis match.
3. Questin3: (录音)
A. Interested. B. Cnfident. C. Hesitant.
听第二段材料，回答第4～6题。材料和问题读两遍。
4. Questin4: (录音)
A. Chinese Art. B. Design. C. Philsphy.
5. Questin5: (录音)
A. T inspire mre students.
B. T hld mre art exhibitins.
C. T mix mdern with traditinal.
6. Questin6: (录音)
A. In Beijing. B. In Shanghai. C. In Chngqing.
第二节 回答问题（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分）
听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料和问题读两遍，读完每个问题后你将有10秒钟的作答时间。
7. Questin7: (录音)
Answer: _______________________________________
8. Questin8: (录音)
Answer: _______________________________________
9. Questin9: (录音)
Answer: _______________________________________
10. Questin10: (录音)
Answer: _______________________________________
第二部分 阅读（共三节，满分40分）
第一节 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In the 40 years after Edmund Hilary and Tenzing Nrgay first reached the tp f Munt Everest (珠穆朗玛) in 1953, an average f 12 peple a year fllwed in their ftsteps. In 2023, mre than 1,200 peple attempted the climb.
High-tech equipment and better understanding f the physical impact f high altitudes (海拔) have brught new hpefuls t Everest. But Will Cckrell, in his new bk Everest. Inc, argues that the primary reasn is the establishment f a prfessinal guiding industry.
The guiding industry exists mainly because f Dick Bass. Bass, wh made a frtune in il, bught his way nt three different Everest expeditins (探险) and, in 1985, aged 55, he became bth the ldest and least experienced climber t reach the tp. The sight f an rdinary persn n tp f the wrld generated the establishment f cmpanies t meet the new demand fr turs.
The early years f guided expeditins in the 1990s were successful. In 1992-95, arund 150 peple paid t be led up the muntain, and a third succeeded. During a 1995 expeditin, a strm struck. The guides, eager fr their clients t reach the tp, delayed turning them arund. Three guides and tw climbers died. One f the climbers, Jn Krakauer, criticized the judgment f the guides and the selfishness f inexperienced climbers in his bk Int Thin Air. Many businesses assumed that the bk wuld destry them. Hwever, interest in Everest skyrcketed.
In 2014, 16 guides were buried by falling ice while transprting clients’ equipment. Then, in 2015, an avalanche (雪崩) killed ten guides and nine clients. As a result, many Western cmpanies lst their enthusiasm fr Everest.
Everest. Inc ends n a cnfusing nte. Mre peple are reaching the tp, but mre are dying n the way, t: 18 peple died in 2023, the highest-ever number. “Experts knw mre than ever abut hw t guide clients t climb safely. But that des nt make it a safe place,” said Cckrell.
1. What cntributes t the rising ppularity f Everest climbing accrding t Cckrell?
A. The appearance f grup turism.
B. The understanding f the muntain.
C. The study n human physical abilities.
D. The develpment f the guiding industry.
2. What d we knw abut Dick Bass’s success in reaching the tp f Everest?
A. It enabled him t make a frtune.
B. It bsted demand fr guided turs.
C. It prved the limits f the human bdy.
D. It marked the start f nature expeditins.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut cncerning guided expeditins?
A. The initial success.B. The public criticism.
C. The climbing accidents.D. The physical challenges.
4. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Everest Inc: A Guide t Everest Expeditin
B. Reaching the Tp: Opprtunities and Challenges
C. Ups and Dwns: The Stry f Expeditin Pineers
D. Climbing Everest: Increasing Ppularity and Deaths
B
Feeling burned ut and lking fr reasns t wrk less? A new study shws that wrking nights and vlatile (不稳定的) schedules in yung adulthd can leave yu t suffer frm depressin and pr health in middle age.
The research examined the wrk schedules and sleep patterns f mre than 7,000 Americans ver three decades, frm the ages f 22 thrugh 50. T the surprise f the study’s authr, New Yrk University prfessr Wen-Jui Han, nly ne-quarter f the participants wrked traditinal daytime hurs. The remainder wrked variable hurs. Thse with vlatile wrk schedules reprted a greater likelihd f pr health and depressin at age 50 than thse with mre stable schedules.
“Our wrk nw is making us sick and pr,” Han said in an interview. “Wrk is suppsed t allw us t acquire resurces. But, fr a lt f peple, their wrk desn’t allw them t d s. They actually becme mre and mre miserable (悲惨的) ver time.”
Dr. Alysn Myers, a prfessr at the Albert Einstein Cllege f Medicine, appreciated the new study’s fcus n the cnnectin between wrk schedules, sleep and pr health. The study findings cnfirmed what she sees in many f her diabetes (糖尿病) patients, wh ften get n mre than five hurs f sleep after they wrk night shifts.
Many f the participants in Han’s study wh had vlatile wrk schedules tended t have part-time jbs, in sme cases multiple part-time jbs. “Unfrtunately,” Myers said, “the trend fr a lt f these peple is that they have t wrk mre than ne jb t survive.”
Han wuld like her research t prmte cnversatins abut ways f prviding resurces t help peple live a happy and healthy life when they’re dg-tired bth physically and emtinally because f their wrk.
5. What des Han’s study mainly tell us?
A. The significance f a healthy lifestyle.
B. The rising trend f wrking variable hurs.
C The lng-term effects f unstable wrk schedules.
D. Sme practical appraches t dealing with depressin.
6. What is Myers’s attitude t peple with vlatile wrk schedules?
A. Understanding.B. Uncncerned.C. Dubtful.D. Critical.
7. What is Han’s expectatin f her research?
A. T prvide resurces fr the pr.
B. T help imprve peple’s well-being.
C. T raise awareness f healthy lifestyles.
D. T initiate dialgues between emplyees.
C
Animal-like rbts are ppular. And yet, says Barbara Mazzlai, an Italian rbticist, the field f rbtics is far less interested in explring the ther majr categry f living things — plants. She puts the unwillingness dwn t a miscnceptin (误解) abut the usefulness f plant behavir: that they are capable f neither mtin nr perceptin (感知). “It’s nt true at all,” she says.
Dr. Mazzlai and her team recently created FilBt, a rbt based n climbing plants. Like the real thing. FilBt is capable f grwing, attaching t and wrapping itself arund supprts, and adapting itself t an envirnment in respnse t external stimuli.
FilBt imitates the behavirs f a climbing tree using sensrs in its head which is als equipped with a layer f plastic and a heating element. By sftening and extruding (挤压出) the plastic in a circular patter, it can 3D-print its wn bdy at a rate f tw t seven millimeters per minute. Depending n brightness and directin, it changes the heat that the plastic is expsed t — lwer temperatures result in a lighter bdy that increases in size mre quickly, while higher temperatures make it thicker and strnger and grw mre slwly.
The researchers fund that these simple functinalities were enugh t let FilBt mve thrugh a cmplex and unseen envirnment, crss gaps and find things t attach t. The lack f heavy n-bard cmputing hardware, they say, means that it mves easily and requires minimal mnitring, while its slw pace means that it desn’t disturb things arund it. They suppse that this makes it suitable fr ptential applicatins including envirnmental mnitring in hard-t-reach lcatins, r mnitring disaster sites where existing facilities is unstable.
Dr. Mazzlai hpes that such prjects will mtivate ther rbticists t draw inspiratin frm plants. The plant kingdm is a wrld, she says, with a cmpletely different apprach t the animal ne. “And we can develp new technlgies and artificial slutins, because it is s different.”
8. What leads t limited explratin f plant-like rbts?
A. The slw grwth rate f plants.
B. The lack f plant research capability.
C. The misunderstanding f plant behavir.
D. The difficulty f applying plant-like rbts.
9. Hw des FilBt grw?
A. By pressing a mtin sensr.B. By expsing itself t sunlight.
C. By pushing ut sftened plastic.D. By cntrlling utside temperature.
10. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T pint ut the value f rbtics.B. T present a newly invented rbt.
C. T call fr mre research int rbts.D. T crrect a miscnceptin abut plants.
第二节 语句排序（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
11. 将下列语句（A、B、C、D和E）按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
A. These sngs reflected themes frm the peple’s daily lives, such as hunting animals r planting crps.
B. As these stries were ften quite lng, they ften had rhyme and rhythm (韵律) t help peple remember them mre easily.
C. Since nthing was written dwn, ver the years different versins f these sngs develped, and each area wuld have its wn respective rhythm. In additin t this, peple wuld recite stries f past heres.
D. Petry prbably had its rigins in traditinal flk music tens f thusands f years ag. In that era, there were n TVs r films, and writing had nt been invented, s peple wuld sit arund the fire at night and sing sngs t entertain themselves.
E. In the beginning, such sngs and stries had a very simple frmat, and ver time they became mre cmplicated and plished. These were n lnger the wrks f amateurs sitting arund a fire but wrks f pets wh cared abut their art and wh smetimes made a living frm it.
________→________→________→________→________
第三节 选句填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wrking Out What Yu Want t D
The career yu have defines yur life, and taking time t think abut it is an essential exercise fr yung peple. The best time t start thinking abut pssible careers is while yu are still at schl. ____12____ Sme peple knw what they want t d frm a yung age, but many thers just have a few ideas buncing arund in their heads.
One f the mst effective ways t gain insight int a pssible career path is t cmplete a “career test”. The results f the test will tell yu abut yur strengths and interests, and sme tests als suggest careers that yu may be suited t. ____13____
There are different kinds f career tests. ____14____ Others fcus mre n asking yu t rate different kinds f wrk situatins, like wrking as a librarian r a lawyer.
____15____ Their answers are analyzed and divided up between six different types f wrk persnalities. The participant is then given a chart shwing their scre fr each type. The tp three scres are used t make a cde that indicates the participant’s verall wrk persnality. This cde is then used t generate a list f career suggestins.
In cnclusin, career tests are clearly a very useful tl. ____16____ The secret t a gd career is finding smething that yu are passinate abut. S try a few tests nline and start thinking abut yur future career right nw!
A. This, hwever, is nt always easy.
B. Yu shuld make gd use f yur schl time.
C. Sme ask questins abut yur persnal interests and attitudes.
D. Yur advantages and hbbies will help yu find a rewarding jb.
E. Hwever, it is imprtant t remember that they are nly meant fr guidance.
F. Having this infrmatin will increase yur chances f finding a jb yu like.
G One ppular test asks the participants t grade their preferences fr different wrk tasks.
第三部分 综合应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I started stuttering (结巴) at 10 when my father died. I lst cnfidence when speaking, especially in unfamiliar situatins. Science seemed a(n) ____17____ fr me as I assumed that research is dne alne and requires little interactin with thers. ____18____, I sn learned it’s hardly a jb fr smene afraid t talk.
Thrughut the curse f my dctral studies, I practiced every talk I had t ____19____ ver and ver until I was sure I wuld nt have t think abut the cntents when presenting. During grup meetings, where my familiar wrkmates already knew abut my ____20____, I learned t speak up. But in a ____21____ audience, such as a departmental seminar (研讨会), I kept quiet. If I had questin during a talk, I wuld wait t ask the speaker ____22____ r just keep it t myself.
This all ____23____ when I mved t a new institutin and was asked t start a seminar series. And suddenly I was inviting ptential speakers and planning their ____24____. I sn realized I culd nt just sit back and ____25____ as befre, but I was wrried that my stutter might trip me up in frnt f my fellw wrkers. Anyway, I managed t push that _____26_____ aside and accept the respnsibility.
The first few talks were quite _____27_____. As I gt mre practice week after week, I discvered the _____28_____ went far beynd being a gd hst.
I still _____29_____ smetimes, and I carefully chse my wrds t _____30_____ my stutter. But I knw that facing my _____31_____ has helped me becme a better researcher.
17. A. daydreamB. mysteryC. shelterD. adventure
18. A. TherefreB. MreverC. FrtunatelyD. Hwever
19. A. deliverB. writeC. rganizeD. hst
20. A. failureB. careerC. habitD. prblem
21. A. largerB. clevererC. less attentiveD. mre enthusiastic
22. A. cnstantlyB. privatelyC. eagerlyD. plitely
23. A. happenedB. changedC. wrkedD. failed
24. A. visitsB. rutesC. researchD. deadline
25. A. laughB. imagineC. listenD. relax
26. A. speechB. relatinshipC. seminarD. cncern
27. A. bringB. smthC. inspiringD. stressful
28. A. benefitsB. respnsesC. requirementsD. expectatins
29. A. shw ffB. lse heartC. hesitateD. wnder
30. A. cureB. hideC. describeD. understand
31. A. wrdsB. fearsC. jbD. chice
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xu Yuanchng a prfessr at Peking University, was famus fr his cuntless translatin wrks f ancient Chinese petry. He made great cntributins t intrducing freign literature t China ____32____ ancient Chinese petry t the wrld.
____33____ (knw) as “the nly master in China ____34____ can translate classical Chinese petry,” Xu translated ver 120 publicatins in Chinese, English, and French. He intrduced t the wrld cuntless ancient ____35____ (pem) f the Tang Dynasty and Sng Dynasty. He wn the Aurra Brealis Prize fr Outstanding Translatin f Literature in 2014 at the age f 93, ____36____ (make) him the first persn in Asia t win the prize.
Xu tried his hand at translatin in cllege, when he ____37____ (qute) “f the peple, by the peple, fr the peple” frm Abraham Lincln ____38____ (explain) Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles f the Peple t freigners. Xu ____39____ (recgnize) as ne f the “five talents” at the Natinal Suthwest Assciated University (1937-45) — a schl whse histry and graduates have played a ____40____ (center) rle in mdern China. At an age f 100, Xu still stayed in a small rm t d Shakespeare translatins almst every day. It was mre like _____41_____ pleasure instead f wrk t describe translatin fr him.
第四部分 词汇基础（共20分）
第一节 词义匹配（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句子内容，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的选项。
42. Sme teachers are ppsed t the new technlgy int the classrm.
A. are againstB. penly criticizeC. have gt used tD. lk frward t
43. The student stretched her study hurs in rder t fully prepare fr the exam.
A. frgt abut the timeB. made the best f time
C. ran ut f study timeD. spent lnger time studying
44. Thugh they are different in ne way r anther, peple have n difficulty in understanding each ther.
A. frm time t timeB. all the timeC. in a certain wayD. in every aspect
45. I am fed up with getting sick all the time.
A. can’t bear getting sickB. have gt used t being ill
C. feel lucky t have gd healthD. have the urgency t see a dctr
46. The abuse f scial media fr spreading misleading news has becme a pressing issue.
A. The easy accessB. The wrng use
C. The rising ppularityD. The rapid develpment
47. Being apart frm my family fr s lng. I realized that I’d been taking them fr granted.
A. I was clse t themB. I needed them badly
C. I didn’t appreciate themD. I wished t meet them sn
48. Peple can’t imagine hw Yi Jiefang wrked thrugh her sadness after her sn’s death.
A. hid her sad feelingsB. expressed her sadness
C. was filled with sadnessD. dealt with her sad feelings
49. She had a tendency t break things when n ne understd her.
A. wished t break everythingB. was likely t break things
C. carefully chse things t breakD. felt a bit better after breaking things
50. He put his free hand n my shulder and said, “Sn, yu’ve gt real ptential.”
A. yu are fully devtedB. yu are ding a great jb
C. yu will be successfulD. yu shuld keep yur prmise
51. Smetimes bk authrs are very invlved in the prcess f film adaptatin.
A take cntrl fB. pay great attentin t
C. shw much interest inD. take an active part in
第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
52. My English teacher made helpful c________ n my writing. (根据首字母单词拼写)
53. The final result f the cmpetitin was a________ fficially. (根据首字母单词拼写)
54. His prpsal cntained sme errrs, and he was asked t r________ it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
55. They e________ that the ttal cst fr his treatment will reach 50,000 yuan. (根据首字母单词拼写)
56. T learn abut babies, the experts ften study and ________ their behavirs. (根据首字母单词拼写)
57. Thugh ten years ld, this bk is highly________ (推荐)．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58. I’ve been a________ (忠实的) fan f the prgram fr ten years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59. The children are in ________ (迫切的) need f lve and attentin. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60. Mary went dwnstairs and________ (闲逛) thrugh the great empty gardens. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
61. If yu need t reschedule yur ________ (预约), please give us at least 72 hurs’ ntice. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第五部分 书面表达（共40分）
第一节 句子翻译（共3小题；每小题5分，满分15分）
将下列句子翻译成合适的英文。
62. 人们往往认为他们的智商决定他们在生活中表现如何。（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
63. 教育能让我们深入了解我们需要什么样的态度去理解不同文化背景的人。（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
64. 在线交流时，你永远无法百分百确定跟你聊天的人是否坦诚地表明了身份。（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 应用文写作（满分25分）
65. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jenny在校园歌手比赛中获得第六名，她给你发来比赛视频，询求你对她表演的建议。请你回复邮件，祝贺Jenny并提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jenny,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
2023～2024学年下学期佛山市普通高中教学质量检测
高二英语
2024. 7
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 听力理解（共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分）
材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有三个小题，各段播放前有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听第一段材料，回答第1～3题。材料和问题读两遍。
1. Questin1: (录音)
A. Ding Tai Chi. B. Practicing Ba Duan Jin. C. Taking a Chinese class.
2. Questin2: (录音)
A. Play basketball. B. Register fr a class. C. Attend a table tennis match.
3. Questin3: (录音)
A. Interested. B. Cnfident. C. Hesitant.
听第二段材料，回答第4～6题。材料和问题读两遍。
4. Questin4: (录音)
A. Chinese Art. B. Design. C. Philsphy.
5. Questin5: (录音)
A. T inspire mre students.
B. T hld mre art exhibitins.
C. T mix mdern with traditinal.
6. Questin6: (录音)
A. In Beijing. B. In Shanghai. C. In Chngqing.
第二节 回答问题（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分）
听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料和问题读两遍，读完每个问题后你将有10秒钟的作答时间。
7. Questin7: (录音)
Answer: _______________________________________
8. Questin8: (录音)
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9. Questin9: (录音)
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10. Questin10: (录音)
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第二部分 阅读（共三节，满分40分）
第一节 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In the 40 years after Edmund Hilary and Tenzing Nrgay first reached the tp f Munt Everest (珠穆朗玛) in 1953, an average f 12 peple a year fllwed in their ftsteps. In 2023, mre than 1,200 peple attempted the climb.
High-tech equipment and better understanding f the physical impact f high altitudes (海拔) have brught new hpefuls t Everest. But Will Cckrell, in his new bk Everest. Inc, argues that the primary reasn is the establishment f a prfessinal guiding industry.
The guiding industry exists mainly because f Dick Bass. Bass, wh made a frtune in il, bught his way nt three different Everest expeditins (探险) and, in 1985, aged 55, he became bth the ldest and least experienced climber t reach the tp. The sight f an rdinary persn n tp f the wrld generated the establishment f cmpanies t meet the new demand fr turs.
The early years f guided expeditins in the 1990s were successful. In 1992-95, arund 150 peple paid t be led up the muntain, and a third succeeded. During a 1995 expeditin, a strm struck. The guides, eager fr their clients t reach the tp, delayed turning them arund. Three guides and tw climbers died. One f the climbers, Jn Krakauer, criticized the judgment f the guides and the selfishness f inexperienced climbers in his bk Int Thin Air. Many businesses assumed that the bk wuld destry them. Hwever, interest in Everest skyrcketed.
In 2014, 16 guides were buried by falling ice while transprting clients’ equipment. Then, in 2015, an avalanche (雪崩) killed ten guides and nine clients. As a result, many Western cmpanies lst their enthusiasm fr Everest.
Everest. Inc ends n a cnfusing nte. Mre peple are reaching the tp, but mre are dying n the way, t: 18 peple died in 2023, the highest-ever number. “Experts knw mre than ever abut hw t guide clients t climb safely. But that des nt make it a safe place,” said Cckrell.
1. What cntributes t the rising ppularity f Everest climbing accrding t Cckrell?
A. The appearance f grup turism.
B. The understanding f the muntain.
C. The study n human physical abilities.
D. The develpment f the guiding industry.
2. What d we knw abut Dick Bass’s success in reaching the tp f Everest?
A. It enabled him t make a frtune.
B. It bsted demand fr guided turs.
C. It prved the limits f the human bdy.
D. It marked the start f nature expeditins.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut cncerning guided expeditins?
A. The initial success.B. The public criticism.
C. The climbing accidents.D. The physical challenges.
4 What is the best title fr the text?
A. Everest, Inc: A Guide t Everest Expeditin
B. Reaching the Tp: Opprtunities and Challenges
C. Ups and Dwns: The Stry f Expeditin Pineers
D. Climbing Everest: Increasing Ppularity and Deaths
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了随着越来越多的人攀登珠穆朗玛峰，也有越来越多的人死于途中。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But Will Cckrell, in his new bk Everest. Inc, argues that the primary reasn is the establishment f a prfessinal guiding industry.(但是Will Cckrell在他的新书《珠穆朗玛峰公司》中认为其主要原因是专业向导行业的崛起。)”可知，Will Cckrell认为攀登珠穆朗玛峰热度上升的原因是专业向导行业的兴起。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The sight f an rdinary persn n tp f the wrld generated the establishment f cmpanies t meet the new demand fr turs.(一个普通人登上世界之巅的景象催生了公司的成立，以满足新的旅游需求。)”可知，Dick Bass成功登顶促进了导游旅行的需求。故选B。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“The early years f guided expeditins in the 1990s were successful.(20世纪90年代早期的向导探险是成功的。)”以及下文内容可知，本段主要讲述了早期向导探险的成功。故选A。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Mre peple are reaching the tp, but mre are dying n the way, t(越来越多的人登上顶峰，但也有更多的人在途中死亡)”可知，本文主要讲述了攀登珠穆朗玛峰热度的兴起以及攀登途中造成的死亡事件，所以D项“攀登珠穆朗玛峰：人气上升和死亡人数增加”最适合作本文标题。故选D。
B
Feeling burned ut and lking fr reasns t wrk less? A new study shws that wrking nights and vlatile (不稳定的) schedules in yung adulthd can leave yu t suffer frm depressin and pr health in middle age.
The research examined the wrk schedules and sleep patterns f mre than 7,000 Americans ver three decades, frm the ages f 22 thrugh 50. T the surprise f the study’s authr, New Yrk University prfessr Wen-Jui Han, nly ne-quarter f the participants wrked traditinal daytime hurs. The remainder wrked variable hurs. Thse with vlatile wrk schedules reprted a greater likelihd f pr health and depressin at age 50 than thse with mre stable schedules.
“Our wrk nw is making us sick and pr,” Han said in an interview. “Wrk is suppsed t allw us t acquire resurces. But, fr a lt f peple, their wrk desn’t allw them t d s. They actually becme mre and mre miserable (悲惨的) ver time.”
Dr. Alysn Myers, a prfessr at the Albert Einstein Cllege f Medicine, appreciated the new study’s fcus n the cnnectin between wrk schedules, sleep and pr health. The study findings cnfirmed what she sees in many f her diabetes (糖尿病) patients, wh ften get n mre than five hurs f sleep after they wrk night shifts.
Many f the participants in Han’s study wh had vlatile wrk schedules tended t have part-time jbs, in sme cases multiple part-time jbs. “Unfrtunately,” Myers said, “the trend fr a lt f these peple is that they have t wrk mre than ne jb t survive.”
Han wuld like her research t prmte cnversatins abut ways f prviding resurces t help peple live a happy and healthy life when they’re dg-tired bth physically and emtinally because f their wrk.
5. What des Han’s study mainly tell us?
A. The significance f a healthy lifestyle.
B. The rising trend f wrking variable hurs.
C. The lng-term effects f unstable wrk schedules.
D. Sme practical appraches t dealing with depressin.
6. What is Myers’s attitude t peple with vlatile wrk schedules?
A. Understanding.B. Uncncerned.C. Dubtful.D. Critical.
7. What is Han’s expectatin f her research?
A. T prvide resurces fr the pr.
B. T help imprve peple’s well-being.
C. T raise awareness f healthy lifestyles.
D. T initiate dialgues between emplyees.
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，表明在年轻的时候上夜班和不稳定的时间表到中年时会患上抑郁症且健康状况不佳。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new study shws that wrking nights and vlatile (不稳定的) schedules in yung adulthd can leave yu t suffer frm depressin and pr health in middle age. (一项新的研究表明，在年轻的时候上夜班和不稳定的时间表会让你在中年时患上抑郁症且健康状况不佳。)”第二段中“Thse with vlatile wrk schedules reprted a greater likelihd f pr health and depressin at age 50 than thse with mre stable schedules. (那些工作时间不稳定的人在50岁时比那些工作时间稳定的人更有可能出现健康状况不佳和抑郁。)”可知，Han的研究主要告诉我们不稳定的工作时间表的长期影响。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Dr. Alysn Myers, a prfessr at the Albert Einstein Cllege f Medicine, appreciated the new study’s fcus n the cnnectin between wrk schedules, sleep and pr health. The study findings cnfirmed what she sees in many f her diabetes (糖尿病) patients, wh ften get n mre than five hurs f sleep after they wrk night shifts. (Albert Einstein医学院教授Alysn Myers博士对这项新研究对工作安排、睡眠和健康状况不佳之间关系的关注表示赞赏。研究结果证实了她在许多糖尿病患者身上看到的情况，这些患者在上夜班后通常睡眠时间不超过五个小时。)”可知，Myers对那些工作时间不稳定的人是同情体谅的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Han wuld like her research t prmte cnversatins abut ways f prviding resurces t help peple live a happy and healthy life when they’re dg-tired bth physically and emtinally because f their wrk.( Han希望她的研究能够促进有关提供资源的方式的讨论，以帮助人们在因工作而身心疲惫时过上幸福健康的生活。)”可知，Han希望她的研究能提供帮助人们过上幸福健康的生活。故选B项。
C
Animal-like rbts are ppular. And yet, says Barbara Mazzlai, an Italian rbticist, the field f rbtics is far less interested in explring the ther majr categry f living things — plants. She puts the unwillingness dwn t a miscnceptin (误解) abut the usefulness f plant behavir: that they are capable f neither mtin nr perceptin (感知). “It’s nt true at all,” she says.
Dr. Mazzlai and her team recently created FilBt, a rbt based n climbing plants. Like the real thing. FilBt is capable f grwing, attaching t and wrapping itself arund supprts, and adapting itself t an envirnment in respnse t external stimuli.
FilBt imitates the behavirs f a climbing tree using sensrs in its head which is als equipped with a layer f plastic and a heating element. By sftening and extruding (挤压出) the plastic in a circular patter, it can 3D-print its wn bdy at a rate f tw t seven millimeters per minute. Depending n brightness and directin, it changes the heat that the plastic is expsed t — lwer temperatures result in a lighter bdy that increases in size mre quickly, while higher temperatures make it thicker and strnger and grw mre slwly.
The researchers fund that these simple functinalities were enugh t let FilBt mve thrugh a cmplex and unseen envirnment, crss gaps and find things t attach t. The lack f heavy n-bard cmputing hardware, they say, means that it mves easily and requires minimal mnitring, while its slw pace means that it desn’t disturb things arund it. They suppse that this makes it suitable fr ptential applicatins including envirnmental mnitring in hard-t-reach lcatins, r mnitring disaster sites where existing facilities is unstable.
Dr. Mazzlai hpes that such prjects will mtivate ther rbticists t draw inspiratin frm plants. The plant kingdm is a wrld, she says, with a cmpletely different apprach t the animal ne. “And we can develp new technlgies and artificial slutins, because it is s different.”
8. What leads t limited explratin f plant-like rbts?
A. The slw grwth rate f plants.
B. The lack f plant research capability.
C. The misunderstanding f plant behavir.
D. The difficulty f applying plant-like rbts.
9. Hw des FilBt grw?
A. By pressing a mtin sensr.B. By expsing itself t sunlight.
C. By pushing ut sftened plastic.D. By cntrlling utside temperature.
10. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T pint ut the value f rbtics.B. T present a newly invented rbt.
C. T call fr mre research int rbts.D. T crrect a miscnceptin abut plants.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人们对于植物的误解，认为植物不能移动，不能感知外界，所以人们对于植物类机器人开发得很少。然而，意大利机器人学家芭芭拉·马佐莱认为植物可以感知外界，并以此为思路发明了机器人FilBt，它可以在复杂的环境中移动，并监测周围环境，它的慢节奏移动也意味着它不会打扰周围的事物。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“And yet, says Barbara Mazzlai, an Italian rbticist, the field f rbtics is far less interested in explring the ther majr categry f living things — plants. She puts the unwillingness dwn t a miscnceptin (误解) abut the usefulness f plant behavir: that they are capable f neither mtin nr perceptin (感知). (然而，意大利机器人专家芭芭拉·马佐莱说，机器人领域对探索生物的另一个主要类别——植物——的兴趣要小得多。她把这种不情愿归结为对植物行为有用性的误解：它们既不能运动也不能感知。)”可知，是因为对植物行为的误解导致了人们不愿意去开发植物机器人。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“FilBt imitates the behavirs f a climbing tree using sensrs in its head which is als equipped with a layer f plastic and a heating element. By sftening and extruding (挤压出) the plastic in a circular patter, it can 3D-print its wn bdy at a rate f tw t seven millimeters per minute. (FilBt通过头部的传感器模仿爬树的行为，该传感器还配备了一层塑料和加热元件。通过将塑料软化并挤压成圆形，它可以以每分钟2到7毫米的速度3D打印自己的身体。)”可知，FilBt通过塑料软化并挤压成为圆形，促进生长。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Dr. Mazzlai and her team recently created FilBt, a rbt based n climbing plants. Like the real thing. FilBt is capable f grwing, attaching t and wrapping itself arund supprts, and adapting itself t an envirnment in respnse t external stimuli. (马佐莱博士和她的团队最近创造了一种基于攀缘植物的机器人FilBt。就像真的一样。FilBt能够生长，附着在支撑物上，并将自己包裹在支撑物周围，并根据外部刺激使自己适应环境。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍一项新发明的机器人。故选B。
第二节 语句排序（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
11. 将下列语句（A、B、C、D和E）按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
A. These sngs reflected themes frm the peple’s daily lives, such as hunting animals r planting crps.
B. As these stries were ften quite lng, they ften had rhyme and rhythm (韵律) t help peple remember them mre easily.
C. Since nthing was written dwn, ver the years different versins f these sngs develped, and each area wuld have its wn respective rhythm. In additin t this, peple wuld recite stries f past heres.
D. Petry prbably had its rigins in traditinal flk music tens f thusands f years ag. In that era there were n TVs r films, and writing had nt been invented, s peple wuld sit arund the fire at night and sing sngs t entertain themselves.
E. In the beginning, such sngs and stries had a very simple frmat, and ver time they became mre cmplicated and plished. These were n lnger the wrks f amateurs sitting arund a fire but wrks f pets wh cared abut their art and wh smetimes made a living frm it.
________→________→________→________→________
【答案】 ①. D ②. A ③. C ④. B ⑤. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章简述了诗歌的起源与演变：源于民间音乐，反映日常生活，因无书写记录而版本多样，并发展出独特韵律。随时间推移，诗歌从简单变得复杂，成为专业诗人的艺术作品。
【详解】【答题空1】首段应引入话题，D项提到了“Petry prbably had its rigins in traditinal flk music tens f thusands f years ag.”说明了诗歌的起源，引入了诗歌这一主题。故选D项。
【答题空2】A项“These sngs reflected themes frm the peple’s daily lives, such as hunting animals r planting crps.”中的“these sngs”指上文D项“s peple wuld sit arund the fire at night and sing sngs t entertain themselves”中的sngs，指的是几万年前人们围坐火堆旁唱的歌，这些歌反映了与他们生活相关的一些主题。因此A项应在D项之后。故选A项。
【答题空3】根据上文A项“These sngs reflected themes frm the peple’s daily lives, such as hunting animals r planting crps.”，接下来可讲述这些歌曲的相关情况，C项所陈述的歌曲因无书面记录而发展出各种版本，在不同时代有不同的旋律，而其中描述的英雄故事也为人们称颂，讲述的便是A项所提歌曲的情况，符合此处语篇发展。故选C项。
【答题空4】联系上文，B项提到“As these stries were ften quite lng, they ften had rhyme and rhythm (韵律) t help peple remember them mre easily.”中的“these stries”即指上文C项“peple wuld recite stries f past heres”中的stries，即人们传颂的英雄故事常因太长而被加上节奏和韵律以方便记忆。故选B项。
【答题空5】E项讲述这种音乐形式的进一步发展，即这些歌曲一开始形式简单，后逐渐变得复杂和完善，也不再是业余者的爱好而是谋生的职业了。E项既承接上文对原始歌曲形式的描述，又引出下文对其进一步发展的描述。故选E项。
第三节 选句填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wrking Out What Yu Want t D
The career yu have defines yur life, and taking time t think abut it is an essential exercise fr yung peple. The best time t start thinking abut pssible careers is while yu are still at schl. ____12____ Sme peple knw what they want t d frm a yung age, but many thers just have a few ideas buncing arund in their heads.
One f the mst effective ways t gain insight int a pssible career path is t cmplete a “career test”. The results f the test will tell yu abut yur strengths and interests, and sme tests als suggest careers that yu may be suited t. ____13____
There are different kinds f career tests. ____14____ Others fcus mre n asking yu t rate different kinds f wrk situatins, like wrking as a librarian r a lawyer.
____15____ Their answers are analyzed and divided up between six different types f wrk persnalities. The participant is then given a chart shwing their scre fr each type. The tp three scres are used t make a cde that indicates the participant’s verall wrk persnality. This cde is then used t generate a list f career suggestins.
In cnclusin, career tests are clearly a very useful tl. ____16____ The secret t a gd career is finding smething that yu are passinate abut. S try a few tests nline and start thinking abut yur future career right nw!
A. This, hwever, is nt always easy.
B. Yu shuld make gd use f yur schl time.
C. Sme ask questins abut yur persnal interests and attitudes.
D. Yur advantages and hbbies will help yu find a rewarding jb.
E. Hwever, it is imprtant t remember that they are nly meant fr guidance.
F. Having this infrmatin will increase yur chances f finding a jb yu like.
G. One ppular test asks the participants t grade their preferences fr different wrk tasks.
【答案】12. A 13. F 14. C 15. G 16. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“思考并确定自己未来想要从事的职业”这一主题展开，介绍了思考职业选择的重要性、进行职业测试的方法以及职业测试的种类和作用等。
【12题详解】
根据空前内容“The best time t start thinking abut pssible careers is while yu are still at schl.(思考未来可能从事的职业的最佳时间是在你还在上学的时候。)”可知，上文提到思考未来的职业的时间最好是在上学的时候。选项A“This, hwever, is nt always easy.(然而，这并不总是那么容易。)”承上启下，说明并不是所有人都能轻易地确定自己的职业方向，从而引出下文“Sme peple knw what they want t d frm a yung age, but many thers just have a few ideas buncing arund in their heads.(有些人从很小的时候就知道自己想做什么，但很多人只是有一些想法在脑海中徘徊。)”。故选A。
【13题详解】
上文“The results f the test will tell yu abut yur strengths and interests, and sme tests als suggest careers that yu may be suited t.（测试的结果会告诉你你的优点和兴趣，有些测试还会建议你可能适合从事的职业。）”强调了职业测试能提供的有用信息。选项F“Having this infrmatin will increase yur chances f finding a jb yu like.(拥有这些信息会增加你找到自己喜欢的工作的机会)”作为上文的结论句，强调了这些信息的重要性。故选F。
【14题详解】
根据本段开头“There are different kinds f career tests.（有不同的职业测试类型。）”可知，有很多不同的职业测试类型。选项C“Sme ask questins abut yur persnal interests and attitudes.(有些测试会问你的个人兴趣和态度)”承接上文内容，指出一些测试的特色，为下文介绍其他测试类型做铺垫。故选C。
【15题详解】
根据空后内容“Their answers are analyzed and divided up between six different types f wrk persnalities.（他们的答案被分析并分成六种不同的工作性格类型。）”可推测，空处指的是某个测试内容。选项G“One ppular test asks the participants t grade their preferences fr different wrk tasks.(一个流行的测试要求参与者对不同工作任务的喜好进行评分)”正是一个测试的内容，与下文的测试答案形成一致。故选G。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“In cnclusin, career tests are clearly a very useful tl.(总之，职业测试显然是一个非常有用的工具。)”可知，上文总结了职业测试作为一种有用工具的重要性。选项E“Hwever, it is imprtant t remember that they are nly meant fr guidance.(然而，重要的是要记住它们只是用来指导的。)”与上文内容形成转折，提醒读者职业测试的结果并不是决定性的，而是作为参考和指导，帮助人们更好地了解自己的职业倾向和兴趣。从而自然引出下文“The secret t a gd career is finding smething that yu are passinate abut.(找到一份好职业的秘诀是找到你热爱的事情。)”。故选E.
第三部分 综合应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I started stuttering (结巴) at 10 when my father died. I lst cnfidence when speaking, especially in unfamiliar situatins. Science seemed a(n) ____17____ fr me as I assumed that research is dne alne and requires little interactin with thers. ____18____, I sn learned it’s hardly a jb fr smene afraid t talk.
Thrughut the curse f my dctral studies, I practiced every talk I had t ____19____ ver and ver until I was sure I wuld nt have t think abut the cntents when presenting. During grup meetings, where my familiar wrkmates already knew abut my ____20____, I learned t speak up. But in a ____21____ audience, such as a departmental seminar (研讨会), I kept quiet. If I had questin during a talk, I wuld wait t ask the speaker ____22____ r just keep it t myself.
This all ____23____ when I mved t a new institutin and was asked t start a seminar series. And suddenly I was inviting ptential speakers and planning their ____24____. I sn realized I culd nt just sit back and ____25____ as befre, but I was wrried that my stutter might trip me up in frnt f my fellw wrkers. Anyway, I managed t push that _____26_____ aside and accept the respnsibility.
The first few talks were quite _____27_____. As I gt mre practice week after week, I discvered the _____28_____ went far beynd being a gd hst.
I still _____29_____ smetimes, and I carefully chse my wrds t _____30_____ my stutter. But I knw that facing my _____31_____ has helped me becme a better researcher.
17. A. daydreamB. mysteryC. shelterD. adventure
18. A. TherefreB. MreverC. FrtunatelyD. Hwever
19. A. deliverB. writeC. rganizeD. hst
20. A. failureB. careerC. habitD. prblem
21. A. largerB. clevererC. less attentiveD. mre enthusiastic
22. A. cnstantlyB. privatelyC. eagerlyD. plitely
23. A. happenedB. changedC. wrkedD. failed
24. A. visitsB. rutesC. researchD. deadline
25. A. laughB. imagineC. listenD. relax
26. A. speechB. relatinshipC. seminarD. cncern
27. A. bringB. smthC. inspiringD. stressful
28. A. benefitsB. respnsesC. requirementsD. expectatins
29. A. shw ffB. lse heartC. hesitateD. wnder
30. A. cureB. hideC. describeD. understand
31. A. wrdsB. fearsC. jbD. chice
【答案】17. C 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者患有口吃，为了逃避交流，作者投向了科学，但后来作者意识到研究也需要说话，经过不断的练习讲话以及作者思想的转变，作者逐渐克服了口吃的问题，直面恐惧让作者成了一名更好的研究者。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学似乎是我的避难所，因为我认为研究是独自完成的，几乎不需要与他人互动。A. daydream白日梦；B. mystery秘密；C. shelter避难处；D. adventure冒险。根据“as I assumed that research is dne alne and requires little interactin with thers”可知，作者认为科学研究是独自完成的，很少需要与他人交流，因此科学对他来说是一个避难所，让他可以避免与人交流。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快就明白了它对于害怕交谈的人来说并不是一项容易的工作。A. Therefre因此；B. Mrever而且；C. Frtunately幸运地；D. Hwever然而。前文“Science seemed a(n) ____1____fr me as I assumed that research is dne alne and requires little interactin with thers.”和“I sn learned it’s hardly a jb fr smene afraid t talk”之间是转折关系，作者意为科学是一个很少需要与人交流的地方，但作者发现这项工作对于害怕交流的人来说并不容易。故选D。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我攻读博士的整个过程中，我一遍又一遍地练习我必须发表的每一篇演讲，直到我确信在演讲时不必考虑内容。A. deliver发表；B. write写；C. rganize安排；D. hst主持。根据“Thrughut the curse f my dctral studies, I practiced every talk”可知，I had t ___3___是定语从句，修饰先行词every talk，这里表示发表演讲，应用deliver。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在小组会议上，我熟悉的同事已经知道了我的问题，我学会了大声说话。A. failure失败；B. career事业；C. habit习惯；D. prblem问题。根据“my familiar wrkmates”可知，熟悉作者的同事知道作者有口吃问题。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在更大的听众中，比如在部门研讨会上，我保持沉默。A. larger更大的；B. cleverer更聪明的；C. less attentive更不注意力集中的；D. mre enthusiastic更热情的。根据“such as a departmental seminar (研讨会)”可知，这里与“grup meetings”相对，表示在更大的听众之中。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我在演讲中有问题，我会等着私下问演讲者，或者自己回答。A. cnstantly始终，重复不断地；B. privately私下地；C. eagerly热切地；D. plitely礼貌地。根据上文中的“But in a ____5____audience, such as a departmental seminar (研讨会), I kept quiet.”可知，当有更大的听众时，作者会保持沉默，如果有问题，作者会等着私下问演讲者。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我搬到一个新的机构，并被要求开始一个系列的研讨会时，一切都改变了。A. happened发生了；B. changed改变；C. wrked工作；D. failed失败。根据下文中的“I sn realized I culd nt just sit back and ____9____as befre”可知，作者意识到自己不能像以前那样坐着不管了，所以事情发生了改变。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我要邀请潜在的演讲者，并计划他们的访问。A. visits访问；B. rutes路线；C. research研究；D. deadline截止日期。根据“inviting ptential speakers”可知，作者要邀请潜在的演讲者前来演讲，即安排他们来访。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快意识到我不能像以前那样坐着听，但我担心我的口吃可能会让我在同事面前出错。A. laugh笑；B. imagine想象；C. listen听；D. relax放松。根据上文中的“But in a ____5____audience, such as a departmental seminar (研讨会), I kept quiet.”可知，作者以前会在研讨会上保持沉默，即听别人讲。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，我设法把这种担忧抛在一边，接受了责任。A. speech演说；B. relatinship关系；C. seminar研讨会；D. cncern担心。根据上文中的“I was wrried that my stutter might trip me up in frnt f my fellw wrkers”可知，对于这个任务，作者有一些担心。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的几次演讲压力很大。A. bring令人厌倦（或厌烦）的；B. smth平滑的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. stressful压力大的。根据下文中的“As I gt mre practice week after week, I discvered the ____12____went far beynd being a gd hst.”可知，一开始的几次演讲让作者很有压力，但随着练习的增多，情况逐渐好转。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我一周又一周地进行更多的练习，我发现这些好处远远不止是成为一名好主持人。A. benefits好处；B. respnses反应；C. requirements要求；D. expectatins期望。根据空后的“went far beynd being a gd hst”可知，作者发现这些演讲带来的好处很多，不仅仅是帮助作者成为一名优秀的主持人。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时我还是会犹豫，我会谨慎地选择措辞来掩饰我的口吃。A. shw ff炫耀；B. lse heart丧失信心；C. hesitate犹豫；D. wnder想知道。根据“I carefully chse my wrds t ____14____my stutter”可知，作者依然有口吃问题，但他会谨慎地选择措辞来掩饰这个问题，由此可知，作者在说话口吃时会有犹豫的情况。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. cure治愈；B. hide掩盖；C. describe描述；D. understand理解。根据空前的“carefully chse my wrds”可知，作者谨慎地选择一些措辞来掩饰自己的口吃问题。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我知道，面对恐惧帮助我成了一名更好的研究者。A. wrds话语；B. fears恐惧；C. jb工作；D. chice选择。根据空前的“facing my”以及上文作者逃避交流并与口吃问题抗争可知，这里指面对恐惧。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xu Yuanchng, a prfessr at Peking University, was famus fr his cuntless translatin wrks f ancient Chinese petry. He made great cntributins t intrducing freign literature t China ____32____ ancient Chinese petry t the wrld.
____33____ (knw) as “the nly master in China ____34____ can translate classical Chinese petry,” Xu translated ver 120 publicatins in Chinese, English, and French. He intrduced t the wrld cuntless ancient ____35____ (pem) f the Tang Dynasty and Sng Dynasty. He wn the Aurra Brealis Prize fr Outstanding Translatin f Literature in 2014 at the age f 93, ____36____ (make) him the first persn in Asia t win the prize.
Xu tried his hand at translatin in cllege, when he ____37____ (qute) “f the peple, by the peple, fr the peple” frm Abraham Lincln ____38____ (explain) Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles f the Peple t freigners. Xu ____39____ (recgnize) as ne f the “five talents” at the Natinal Suthwest Assciated University (1937-45) — a schl whse histry and graduates have played a ____40____ (center) rle in mdern China. At an age f 100, Xu still stayed in a small rm t d Shakespeare translatins almst every day. It was mre like _____41_____ pleasure instead f wrk t describe translatin fr him.
【答案】32. and
33. Knwn 34. that##wh
35. pems 36. making
37. quted 38. t explain
39. was recgnized
40. central
41. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因其无数的中国古诗翻译作品而闻名的北京大学教授许渊冲。
【32题详解】
考查连词。句意：他为把外国文学介绍给中国，并把中国古代诗歌介绍给世界做出了巨大贡献。前后文之间是并列关系，用连词and连接，表示“把外国文学介绍给中国，并且把中国古代诗歌介绍给世界”。故填and。
【33题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：被誉为“中国唯一能翻译中国古典诗词的大师”，他翻译了120多篇中、英、法出版物。此处为非谓语，动词knw和主语之间是被动关系，用其过去分词作状语。句首字母大写，故填Knwn。
【34题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the nly master，指代人，用关系代词that或wh引导，在从句中作主语。故填that/wh。
【35题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他向世人介绍了无数唐宋古诗。根据前文cuntless可知，可数名词pem应用复数，作宾语。故填pems。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2014年，93岁高龄的他获得了北极光杰出翻译文学奖，成为亚洲第一位获得该奖项的人。此处为非谓语，动词make和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用其现在分词作状语，表示结果。故填making。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：大学时，他曾尝试过翻译，在向外国人解释孙中山的三民主义时，他引用林肯的“民有、民治、民享”。根据前后文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填quted。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。qute sth t d sth“引用某事去做某事”，此处用不定式作目的状语。故填t explain。
【39题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：许被认为是西南联合大学(1937- 1945)的“五大人才”之一，这所学校的历史和毕业生在现代中国发挥了核心作用。动词和主语之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was recgnized。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。修饰名词rle应用形容词。故填central。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：给他描述翻译更像是一种乐趣而不是工作。pleasure“快乐的事”是可数名词，此处为泛指概念，用不定冠词限定。且为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
第四部分 词汇基础（共20分）
第一节 词义匹配（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句子内容，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的选项。
42. Sme teachers are ppsed t the new technlgy int the classrm.
A. are againstB. penly criticizeC. have gt used tD. lk frward t
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：一些教师反对将新技术引入课堂。A. are against反对； B. penly criticize公开批评； C. have gt used t习惯于； D. lk frward t期待。分析句子可知，be ppsed t表“反对”，为固定搭配，与A项意思相近。故选A项。
43. The student stretched her study hurs in rder t fully prepare fr the exam.
A. frgt abut the timeB. made the best f time
C. ran ut f study timeD. spent lnger time studying
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查短语意思。句意：为了充分准备考试，这个学生延长了学习时间。A. frgt abut the time忘记时间；B. made the best f time充分利用时间； C. ran ut f study time用完学习时间；D. spent lnger time studying花了更长的时间学习。分析句子可知，stretched her study hurs表示“延长她的学习时间”，与D项意思相近。故选D项。
44. Thugh they are different in ne way r anther, peple have n difficulty in understanding each ther.
A. frm time t timeB. all the timeC. in a certain wayD. in every aspect
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：尽管人们在某方面或多方面有所不同，但他们理解彼此并无困难。A. frm time t time有时；B. all the time一直；C. in a certain way在某种意义上；D. in every aspect在每个方面。根据句中“thugh they are different in ne way r anther”提示，此处强调的是人们虽然存在某些方面的差异，但并不妨碍相互理解，因此in a certain way“以某种方式，在某种程度上”符合上下文语境，表示这种差异是特定情况下的，并非全面的不可调和的差异。故选C。
45. I am fed up with getting sick all the time.
A. can’t bear getting sickB. have gt used t being ill
C. feel lucky t have gd healthD. have the urgency t see a dctr
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我受够了老是生病。A. can’t bear getting sick不能忍受生病；B. have gt used t being ill已经习惯了生病；C. feel lucky t have gd health 为身体健康而感到幸运；D. have the urgency t see a dctr有看医生的急迫感。be fed up with ding sth.对做某事感到厌烦，受够了做某事，与短语can’t bear ding含义一致。故选A。
46. The abuse f scial media fr spreading misleading news has becme a pressing issue.
A. The easy accessB. The wrng use
C. The rising ppularityD. The rapid develpment
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：滥用社交媒体传播误导性新闻已成为一个紧迫问题。A. The easy access容易进入；B. The wrng use错误使用；C. The rising ppularity越来越受欢迎；D. The rapid develpment快速发展。根据后文fr spreading misleading news has becme a pressing issue可知，传播误导性新闻，划线部分意为“错误使用”。故选B。
47. Being apart frm my family fr s lng. I realized that I’d been taking them fr granted.
A. I was clse t themB. I needed them badly
C. I didn’t appreciate themD. I wished t meet them sn
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查句意理解。句意：和家人分开这么久。我意识到我一直把他们视为理所当然。A.I was clse t them我与他们很亲近；B.I needed them badly我非常需要他们；C.I didn’t appreciate them我不感激他们； D.I wished t meet them sn我希望能尽快见到他们。由句意，离开了家人很久后，才知道我一直把家人视为理所应当就在一起的，因此画线部分表示“非常思念家人，想要见到他们”，故选D。
48. Peple can’t imagine hw Yi Jiefang wrked thrugh her sadness after her sn’s death.
A. hid her sad feelingsB. expressed her sadness
C. was filled with sadnessD. dealt with her sad feelings
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：人们无法想象易解放在儿子去世后是如何度过悲伤的。A. hid her sad feelings隐藏她的悲伤情感；B.expressed her sadness表达她的悲伤；C. was filled with sadness充满了悲伤；D. dealt with her sad feelings处理她的悲伤情感。根据句意可知，wrked thrugh her sadness意为“度过她的悲伤”，和D选项同义，故选D。
49 She had a tendency t break things when n ne understd her.
A. wished t break everythingB. was likely t break things
C. carefully chse things t breakD. felt a bit better after breaking things
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当没有人理解她的时候，她有摔东西的倾向。A. wished t break everything希望摔坏一切东西；B. was likely t break things很可能会摔坏东西；C. carefully chse things t break精心挑选东西摔坏；D. felt a bit better after breaking things摔坏东西后感觉好多了。根据后文when n ne understd her可知，没人理解她，她可能要摔东西，有摔东西的倾向。likely表示“有……倾向”，故选B。
50. He put his free hand n my shulder and said, “Sn, yu’ve gt real ptential.”
A. yu are fully devtedB. yu are ding a great jb
C. yu will be successfulD. yu shuld keep yur prmise
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查句意猜测。句意：他把手放在我的肩膀上说：“儿子，你真有潜力。” A. yu are fully devted你全身心投入；B. yu are ding a great jb你做得很好；C. yu will be successful你会成功的；D. yu shuld keep yur prmise你应该信守诺言。根据前文He put his free hand n my shulder可知，是在鼓励儿子“你会成功的”。故选C。
51. Smetimes bk authrs are very invlved in the prcess f film adaptatin.
A. take cntrl fB. pay great attentin t
C. shw much interest inD. take an active part in
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时候，书籍的作者会深度参与其作品改编电影的过程。A. take cntrl f控制；B. pay great attentin t非常注意；C.shw much interest in对...非常感兴趣；D. take an active part in 积极参与。由语意可知，书籍的作者参与到电影改编的过程中，这表明他们对这个过程有积极的兴趣和参与度，因此，这里用“take an active part in”最为恰当，其他选项的意思虽然各有侧重，但都不如“take an active part in”准确地表达了作者积极参与电影改编这一行为。take cntrl f强调的是控制，而不是参与；pay great attentin t和shw much interest in都表示关注或兴趣，但没有直接表达出参与的动作。故选D项。
第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
52. My English teacher made helpful c________ n my writing. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】cmments##mments
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我的英语老师对我的写作作了有益的评论。根据常识可知，老师对作文是作出评论；cmment，意为“评论”为可数名词，老师对作文的评论不止一条，所以用复数。故填cmments。
53 The final result f the cmpetitin was a________ fficially. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】annunced##nnunced
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：比赛的最终结果正式公布了。分析句意可知，本句可用一般过去时陈述过去情况；再根据首字母提示可知，此处用动词annunce作谓语表示“宣布”，与主语result是被动关系，由was可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填annunced。
54. His prpsal cntained sme errrs, and he was asked t r________ it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】revise##evise
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他的建议有一些错误，有人要求他修改。根据首字母提示及句意，用动词revise，表示“修改”之意。be asked t d sth.被要求做某事。根据首字母提示及句意，故填revise。
55. They e________ that the ttal cst fr his treatment will reach 50,000 yuan. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】estimate##stimate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他们估计他的治疗总费用将达到5万元。根据句意和首字母提示，应填estimate“估计”作谓语，由will可知，主句用一般现在时，主语是复数，故填estimate。
56. T learn abut babies, the experts ften study and ________ their behavirs. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】bserve##bserve
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了了解婴儿，专家们经常研究和观察他们的行为。根据并列连词 and前study可知，这里用并列的动词作谓语。根据首字母提示及句意，用动词bserve，表示“观察”之意。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。故填bserve。
57. Thugh ten years ld, this bk is highly________ (推荐)．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recmmended
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：尽管已经出版十年，但这本书仍然备受推崇。根据汉语提示及“is highly”可知，空处需填动词，recmmend作动词，表示“推荐”，主语“this bk”和“recmmend”之间是被动关系，用被动语态be dne形式,空前已有be动词，故填recmmended。
58. I’ve been a________ (忠实的) fan f the prgram fr ten years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】lyal##faithful##devted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：十年来，我一直是这个节目的忠实粉丝。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词lyal/faithful/devted，修饰名词fan，作定语。故填lyal/faithful/devted。
59. The children are in ________ (迫切的) need f lve and attentin. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】urgent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子们迫切需要的爱和关注。根据汉语提示“迫切”，结合句子结构，此处用形容词urgent作定语，修饰need。故填urgent。
60. Mary went dwnstairs and________ (闲逛) thrugh the great empty gardens. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】wandered
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：玛丽下了楼在空旷的花园中闲逛。“闲逛”为动词wander，and连接并列谓语动词，用一般过去时，故填wandered。
61. If yu need t reschedule yur ________ (预约), please give us at least 72 hurs’ ntice. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】appintment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果您需要重新安排预约，请至少提前72小时通知我们。根据空前的yur和汉语提示，这里应用名词appintment，作reschedule的宾语。故填appintment。
第五部分 书面表达（共40分）
第一节 句子翻译（共3小题；每小题5分，满分15分）
将下列句子翻译成合适的英文。
62. 人们往往认为他们的智商决定他们在生活中表现如何。（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Peple tend t think that their IQ determines hw well they are ging t d in life.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和名词性从句。“人们”翻译为peple，“往往做某事”用短语tend t d sth.，“认为”用动词think，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，应用连接代词that引导宾语从句；“他们的智商”翻译为their IQ，在从句中作主语，“决定”用动词determine，后接宾语从句；句子陈述习惯性的动作及目前事实，应用一般现在时；“他们在生活中表现如何”翻译为hw well they are ging t d in life，使用一般将来时，表将来发生的事情。故翻译为Peple tend t think that their IQ determines hw well they are ging t d in life.
63. 教育能让我们深入了解我们需要什么样的态度去理解不同文化背景的人。（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Educatin can help us gain a deeper understanding f what attitudes we need t understand peple frm different cultural backgrunds.
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构、宾语从句。根据句意可知，本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时。表示主语“教育”为名词educatin；表示“能让我们深入了解”为can help us gain a deeper understanding，情态动词can+动词原形构成复合宾语，help后接复合宾语，用不定式作宾补，可省略t；用介词f+宾语从句作后置定语修饰名词understanding，表示“我们需要什么样的态度去理解不同文化背景的人”为f what attitudes we need t understand peple frm different cultural backgrunds，宾语从句中用陈述语序，what attitudes作动词need的宾语，动词不定式t understand作目的状语。故可翻译为Educatin can help us gain a deeper understanding f what attitudes we need t understand peple frm different cultural backgrunds.
64. 在线交流时，你永远无法百分百确定跟你聊天的人是否坦诚地表明了身份。（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With nline cmmunicatin yu can never be 100 percent sure that the peple (that/wh) yu are chatting t are being hnest abut wh they are.
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词、宾语从句、时态、形容词和名词。表示“用”用介词with。表示“在线”用形容词nline，作前置定语，修饰名词“交流”。表示“交流”用名词cmmunicatin，作with的宾语。表示“你”用yu，作主语。表示“能够”用情态动词can 。表示“确定做某事”用be sure that...，位于情态动词can后，用动词原形。表示“从不”用副词never，作状语，修饰be sure。表示“百分百”用100 percent。从句中：表示“人们”用介词peple，此处为特指，peple前加the，the peple作从句主语；表示“坦诚的”用形容词hnest，从句表正在发生的动作，故时态用现在进行时，且主语为the peple，故be动词用are；故用are being hnest，形容词hnest作表语；表示“关于”用介词abut；abut后为宾语从句；宾语从句中：表示“谁”用wh，作从句主语，且引导从句；表示“他们”用代词they；表示“是”用be动词are。表示“跟你聊天的”用定语从句，定语从句中：表示“你”用有，作从句主语；表示“与某人聊天”用动词chat t sb.，表示“正在聊天”用现在进行时，主语是yu，be动词用are，谓语用are chatting；先行词是peple，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作are chatting的宾语，应用关系代词wh或that引导，也可以省略引导词。故翻译为With nline cmmunicatin yu can never be 100 percent sure that the peple (that/wh) yu are chatting t are being hnest abut wh they are.
第二节 应用文写作（满分25分）
65. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jenny在校园歌手比赛中获得第六名，她给你发来比赛视频，询求你对她表演的建议。请你回复邮件，祝贺Jenny并提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jenny,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jenny,
Hw’s everything ging? Learning that yu have wn the sixth place in the Campus Singer Cmpetitin, I’m writing t extend my sincere cngratulatins t yu.
As yur friend, I am well aware that it is yur diligence, perseverance and effective methds that cntribute t yur success. I am deeply impressed with yur beautiful vice. There is n dubt that having a music gift enables yu t achieve the gal.
In the vide, I nticed a few places where yur vice was slightly strained, prbably because f the pressure f the race. Usually, yu can d mre breathing exercises and vice training t help yu be mre relaxed n stage, and yur vice will be mre stable and pleasant.
Wish yu greater prgress in the future!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国朋友Jenny在校园歌手比赛中获得第六名，她给你发来比赛视频，询求你对她表演的建议。要求考生回复邮件，祝贺她并提到建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
赢得：win→achieve
知道：be aware→knw
有助于：cntribute t→cnduce t
因为：because f→due t
2.句式拓展
同义句转化
原句：May yu greater prgress in the future!
拓展句：Wish yu make greater prgress in the future!
【点睛】【高分句型1】As yur friend, I am well aware that it is yur diligence, perseverance and effective methds that cntribute t yur success.（运用了that引导宾语从句，强调句型）
【高分句型2】In the vide, I nticed a few places where yur vice was slightly strained, prbably because f the pressure f the race.（运用了where引导定语从句）
【高分句型3】Usually, yu can d mre breathing exercises and vice training t help yu be mre relaxed n stage, and yur vice will be mre stable and pleasant.（运用了不定式作目的状语）