河南省安阳市林州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份河南省安阳市林州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含河南省安阳市林州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题原卷版docx、河南省安阳市林州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. ₤ 19.15. B. ₤ 9.18. C. ₤ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why wn't David g t the mvies?
A. He has t study. B. He has t wrk. C. He has a cld.
2. When shuld the wman arrive at the labratry n Tuesday?
A. At 5:50 p. m. B. At 6:10 p. m. C. At 7:50 p. m.
3. Where are the speakers prbably?
A. At a cinema. B. At a stre. C. At an ffice.
4. What will the man mst prbably d next?
A. Dry the clthes fr anther 45 minutes.
B. Examine the dryer fr ptential damage.
C. Take the clthes ut f the dryer immediately.
5. What are the speakers ding?
A. lking at an ld picture.
B. Preparing fr a family trip.
C. Talking abut their grandmther.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What present des the wman first suggest?
A. A ty car. B. A machine gun. C. A dll.
7. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Mther and sn. C. Sister and brther.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why des the wman want t mve int a hme-stay family?
A. She prefers making friends.
B. She wants t learn the lcal custms.
C. Her uncle needs the rm fr Mike.
9. What is the wman studying nw?
A. Academic English. B. Medicine. C. Science.
10. When will the wman have t mve ut?
A. On September 8. B. On September 7. C. On Octber 7.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is Max's purpse in ging t Eurpe?
A. T travel arund. B. T further his educatin. C. T find a jb.
12. Which cuntry is Max in at present?
A. Belgium. B. France. C. Switzerland.
13. What will Rita d next?
A. Shw the man speaker sme infrmatin.
B. Take sme pictures with the man speaker.
C. Pst her vides n scial sftware.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What d we knw abut the wman speaker?
A. She bught a new flat.
B. She wrks with Jhn.
C. She is a newcmer t the city.
15. Hw did the wman speaker g t wrk in the mrning?
A. On ft. B. By bus. C. By car.
16. Why was Lily late fr wrk?
A. She missed the bus.
B. Her subway had sme prblems.
C. Her car brke dwn.
17. What will the man speaker d the next day?
A. G t wrk by car. B. Leave hme earlier. C. Call at Lily's.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker prbably?
A. A hst. B. A manager. C. A researcher.
19. What des the speaker recmmend interviewees t d befre the interview?
A. D a rle-play t relieve yur nervusness.
B. Cllect sme infrmatin abut the interviewers.
C. Practice answering pssible questins in the interview.
20. Hw can an interviewee make a gd impressin?
A. By paying attentin t the respnses frm interviewers.
B. By answering questins quickly.
C. By asking necessary questins.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Fg Island Inn, Canada
Lcated n a rcky utcrp n Fg Island in Newfundland, Canada, this impressive building lks ver the vast Nrth Atlantic Ocean. Inside the 43,000 square-ft building, guests will find a cntemprary art gallery, a bar, a restaurant and a heritage library. Built t feel as if it were flating abve the water, the inn’s 29 suites feature flr-t-ceiling views that frame crashing waves and mdy skies.
Tierra Atacama, Chile
Designed t disappear int the impressive surrundings, the Tierra Atacama seems right at hme in the middle f the wrld’s driest nn-plar desert—abut a tw-hur flight nrtheast f Santiag. The impressive Atacama Desert is hme t a diverse lineup f natural beauty, frm springs t salt flats, dramatic rck frmatins, ht springs and even flamings (火烈鸟). Adventurus types will include hrseback riding thrugh the sand dunes (沙丘), hiking up vlcanes, and biking.
Suthern Ocean Ldge, Australia
Snaking alng the castline f Kangar Island in suthern Australia, the Suthern Ocean Ldge takes advantage f its cean views because it is lcated at the tp f a cliff. But it’s nt lks alne that draw travelers t the cuntry’s third largest island. Wildlife, including sea lins and, f curse, the island’s namesake kangars, is als attractive.
Wildflwer Hall Shimla, India
As a hliday resrt (旅游胜地), Wildflwer Hall, Shimla takes luxury t anther level literally, at 8,250 feet abve sea level. Abve are clear skies and grand muntains. Belw are nthing but cedar (雪松) and pine frests stretching acrss 22 acres. Oberi Spa will take travelers t huses in the thick frest fr private experiences. There are als hikes, yga, river rafting and glf.
1. What d Fg Island Inn and Suthern Ocean Ldge have in cmmn?
A. They bth have an art gallery.B. They prvide a trip t bserve animals.
C. They have a gd view f ceans.D. They are aimed at adventure lvers.
2. What is special abut Wildflwer Hall, Shimla?
A. It is far abve sea level.B. It is surrunded by thick frest.
C. It ffers private hikes t visitrs.D. It lets visitrs experience hrseback riding.
3. Which htel is lcated in the desert?
A. Fg Island Inn.B. Tierra Atacama.
C. Suthern Ocean Ldge.D. Wildflwer Hall, Shimla.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个特色酒店。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Fg Island Inn, Canada部分中的“Lcated n a rcky utcrp n Fg Island in Newfundland, Canada, this impressive building lks ver the vast Nrth Atlantic Ocean. (这座令人印象深刻的建筑坐落在加拿大纽芬兰的福戈岛上的一块岩石突起上，俯瞰着浩瀚的北大西洋。)”和Suthern Ocean Ldge, Australia部分中的“Snaking alng the castline f Kangar Island in suthern Australia, the Suthern Ocean Ldge takes advantage f its cean views because it is lcated at the tp f a cliff. (南大洋旅馆沿着澳大利亚南部袋鼠岛的海岸线蜿蜒而行，因为它位于悬崖的顶端，所以它充分利用了它的海景。)”可知，在这两个酒店住宿都能欣赏到海景。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wildflwer Hall, Shimla, India部分中的“As a hliday resrt (旅游胜地), Wildflwer Hall, Shimla takes luxury t anther level literally, at 8,250 feet abve sea level. (作为旅游胜地，西姆拉的野花厅将奢华提升到了一个新的高度，它坐落于海拔8,250英尺之处。)”可知， 该酒店的特殊之处是它位于海拔8250 英尺的地方。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。Tierra Atacama, Chile部分中的“Designed t disappear int the impressive surrundings, the Tierra Atacama seems right at hme in the middle f the wrld’s driest nn-plar desert—abut a tw-hur flight nrtheast f Santiag. (提埃拉阿塔卡马酒店设计巧妙，完美融入令人印象深刻的周边环境中，位于世界上最干燥的非极地沙漠——阿塔卡马沙漠中心地带，距离圣地亚哥东北方向大约两个小时的航程。)”可知， Tierra Atacama酒店位于沙漠之中。故选B。
B
Last January, I finally gt arund t reading The Last Bear by Hannah Gld. Luckily, I lved it as much as I hped that I wuld. S, when the fllw-up Finding Bear came ut, I knew I had t get it. I pre-rdered it but waited until the beginning f this year t read it. It felt gd t be starting the year with April and Bear again.
The stry in the bk takes place abut a year after April and her dad left Bear Island. She is finding it difficult t adjust t life back hme and is struggling t get n well with her classmates. It desn't avail her thugh her father has a gd relatinship with her headteacher. S, April is already struggling with her emtins befre she hears that a plar bear has been sht near Lngyearbyen. Cnvinced that it is her friend Bear, April asks her dad t fly ver and lk fr him.
When she gets there, she finds her friend but realizes that he has been thrugh a lt in their time apart. Can April help her friend get his baby t safety withut risking her wn life? Especially as she has t get assistance frm a wman wh is ready t sht any plar bear she sees. Can April persuade the wman int helping them?
April is a cnscientius and determined girl. She sees what humanity has dne t the natural wrld and will d anything she can t help. She's an inspiratinal her and manages t bring envirnmental issues t the frefrnt in an understandable way. Nt nly d we see April's passin but we see hw the wrld is changing. Hannah Gld expertly cmbines realism with fantasy t write an emtinal and imprtant stry.
4. What prblem des April have with her life away frm the Bear Island?
A. She misses her hmeland very much.
B. Her headteacher is nt satisfied with her.
C. Her relatinship with her father becmes wrse.
D. She finds it difficult t fit in with her classmates.
5. What des the underlined wrd "avail" in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Help.B. Cnfuse.C. Interest.D. Embarrass.
6. What can we learn abut Finding Bear?
A. It has a fllw-up The Last Bear.
B. It is intended fr middle schl students.
C. Its writer is gd at writing science fictin.
D. It draws peple's attentin t envirnmental prblems.
7. What is the text prbably?
A. A bk review.B. A travel jurnal.
C. A children's stry.D. A histrical nvel.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了《Finding Bear》这本书的主要内容，并对其进行了评价。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“She is finding it difficult t adjust t life back hme and is struggling t get n well with her classmates. (她发现很难适应回家后的生活，也很难与同学们相处。)”可知，April离开Bear Island后，她发现很难适应回家后的生活，也很难与同学们相处。故选D项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“It desn't ... her thugh her father has a gd relatinship with her headteacher. (尽管她的父亲与她的班主任关系很好，但这并没有……她。)”可知，尽管她的父亲与她的班主任关系很好，但这并没有帮助她。因此，“avail”在这里的意思是“帮助”。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“She's an inspiratinal her and manages t bring envirnmental issues t the frefrnt in an understandable way. (她是一位鼓舞人心的英雄，以一种易于理解的方式将环境问题带到前台。)”可知，《Finding Bear》这本书引起了人们对环境问题的关注。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Last January, I finally gt arund t reading The Last Bear by Hannah Gld. Luckily, I lved it as much as I hped that I wuld. S, when the fllw-up Finding Bear came ut, I knew I had t get it. I pre-rdered it but waited until the beginning f this year t read it. It felt gd t be starting the year with April and Bear again. (去年一月，我终于抽出时间读了Hannah Gld的《The Last Bear》。幸运的是，我喜欢它，就像我希望的那样。所以，当续集《Finding Bear》出版时，我知道我必须得到它。我预定了它，但等到今年初才读。再次与April和Bear一起开始新的一年感觉很好。)”可知，这篇文章是一篇书评。故选A项。
C
Language gradually shifts ver time. Much research examines hw scial and envirnmental factrs influence language change, but very little deals with the frces f human cgnitive（认知的）selectin that fix certain wrds int the dictinary. Fr an extensive new study, published in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences USA, scientists investigated just that.
In an experiment much like a game f telephne, thusands f participants read English-language stries and rewrte them t be read by ther participants, wh then rewrte them fr thers. Only certain wrds frm the first stries survived in the final versins. Researchers analyzed the wrd types speakers cnsistently favred, therizing that such preferences drive language change ver time. The scientists als separately analyzed tw large cllectins f English histrical texts frm the past tw centuries, cntaining mre than 40 billin wrds—again seeing nly certain types survive.
The results shw three features that give wrds an “evlutinary（进化）advantage” by helping them stick in the brain: First, wrds typically acquired at an early age (such as "hand" "uncle" r "tday") are stabler. Next, cncrete wrds remain better than abs tract nes: "dg" persists lnger than "animal", which persists lnger than "rganism". Lastly, emtinally exciting wrds—whether negative r psitive—tend t cntinue t exist.
Early language-evlutin mdels assumed that language becmes increasingly cmplex ver time. But Indiana University Blmingtn cgnitive scientist Fritz Breithaupt says the new study supprts a mre recent thery that language finally gets mre efficient and easier t understand.
Still, as the study ntes, "the English language is nt baby talk." Breithaupt explains: "We shift tward simple language, but then we als grab cmplex language that we need." New wrds that address the cmplexity f mdern life may smewhat balance ut this shift.
8. What is the purpse f the new study?
A. T find ut why language gradually shifts ver time.
B. T present sciety is a key factr in language change.
C. T identify hw cgnitive selectin affects language change.
D. T figure ut what wrds are easily included in the dictinary.
9. What were the participants asked t d during the experiment?
A. Play games n the phne.B. Read stries t ther participants.
C. Rewrite what they read fr thers.D. Analyze the wrds they prefer t use.
10. Which wrds have the mst evlutinary advantage accrding t the new study?
A. Head, imaginatin and happy.B. Muth, hrse and disappinted.
C. Insect, frtune and cmpetitin.D. Sccer, rganism and adventure.
11. What is Fritz Breithaupt's attitude twards the new study?
A. Tlerant.B. Uncaring.C. Dubtful.D. Apprving.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究揭示了语言演变的认知驱动力，通过类似“传话游戏”的实验与历史文本分析，发现早年习得、具体而非抽象、及情感激发的词汇更具进化优势，支持了语言朝向更高效易懂发展的现代理论，尽管英语依然保留复杂性以适应现代生活需求。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Much research examines hw scial and envirnmental factrs influence language change, but very little deals with the frces f human cgnitive（认知的）select in that fix certain wrds int the dictinary. Fr an extensive new study, published in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences USA, scientists investigated just that. (许多研究考察了社会和环境因素如何影响语言变化，但很少涉及将某些单词固定在词典中的人类认知选择的力量。在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表的一项广泛的新研究中，科学家们对此进行了调查。)”可知，科学家们在美国国家科学院院刊上发表了一项广泛的新研究，正是为了研究这个问题。即科学家们研究了影响语言变化的人类认知选择的力量。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第二段的“In an experiment much like a game f telephne, thusands f participants read English-language stries and rewrte them t be read by ther participants, wh then rewrte them fr thers.(在一个类似于电话游戏的实验中，数千名参与者阅读英语故事，并将其重写以供其他参与者阅读，然后由其他参与者为其他人重写。)”可知，参与者需要重写自己读过的故事。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The results shw three features that give wrds an “evlutinary（进化的）advantage” by helping them stick in the brain: First, wrds typically acquired at an early age (such as "hand" "uncle" r "tday") are stabler. Next, cncrete wrds remain better than abs tract nes: "dg" persists lnger than "animal", which persists lnger than "rganism". Lastly, emtinally exciting wrds—whether negative r psitive—tend t cntinue t exist. (研究结果显示，有三个特征通过帮助单词在大脑中停留来赋予它们“进化优势”：首先，通常在早期习得的单词（如“手”、“叔叔”或“今天”）更稳定。接下来，具体的单词仍然比腹肌单词更好：“狗”比“动物”更持久，“动物”比“有机体”更持久。最后，情绪激动的词语——无论是消极的还是积极的——往往会继续存在。)”可知，有三种特质的词语有进化优势：在很小的时候习得的单词，具体的单词和让人情感激动的单词。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。 根据第四段的“But Indiana University Blmingtn cgnitive scientist Fritz Breithaupt says the new study supprts a mre recent thery that language finally gets mre efficient and easier t understand. (但印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校的认知科学家Fritz Breithaupt表示，这项新研究支持了一个更新的理论，即语言最终变得更高效、更容易理解。)”可推断， Fritz Breithaupt对此研究表示支持。故选D项。
D
Space travel is certainly nt fr smene wh is nt fearless, fr many reasns including its effects n physical health. It can ptentially disturb human immune systems (免疫系统) and increase red bld cell death. Astrnaut s can even suffer frm bne lss during missins. A recent study finds astrnauts with n prir histry f headaches may experience migraine (偏头疼) and tensin-type headaches during lng space flight—ver 10 days in space.
The study lked at 24 astrnauts frm NASA, the Eurpean Space Agency, and a Japanese agency. The astrnauts all cmpleted health screenings and a questinnaire abut individual headache histry befre their space flight. Nine f them reprted never having any headaches prir t the study, with three reprting a headache that disturbed their daily activities within the last year. Nne f the astrnauts had a histry f recurrent headaches r had a migraine reprt. During space flight, they filled ut a daily questinnaire fr the first seven days and a weekly questinnaire each fllwing week thrughut their stay in the Internatinal Space Statin.
The study fund that 92 percent f the astrnauts surveyed experienced headaches during space flight, cmpared t just 38 percent wh reprted experiencing headaches in the tw t six mnths befre ging int space. Twenty-tw f the 24 astrnauts studied als experienced ne r mre headache times during their first week in space. Abut 89 percent f these headaches were tensin headaches and 10 percent were likely a migraine. Headaches were als f a higher intensity and mre likely t be like a migraine during the first week f their space flight.
Accrding t W. P. J. van Osterhut, study c-authr, the changes t the brain’s balance and psture system, cmbined with adjusting t zer gravity during the first week f their space flight, can lead t space mtin sickness in the first week, f which headache is the mst frequently reprted symptm. One f the study’s limitatins is that it relied n self-reprting f symptms, s the memry recall may nt have been cmpletely accurate. “Further research is needed t explain the underlying causes f space headache and explre hw such discveries may prvide insights int headaches ccurring n Earth,” said van Osterhut.
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The danger f space travel.
B. The prcess f the new study.
C. The standard f chsing the astrnauts.
D. Astrnauts’ full preparatin fr space travel.
13. Hw des the authr mainly develp paragraph 3?
A. By analyzing reasns.B. By making cmparisns.
C. By giving examples.D. By listing figures.
14. What des the new study find abut the headache?
A. It will result in space mtin sickness.
B It will becme mre serius with the flight n.
C. It is an experience fr mst astrnauts in early space flight.
D. It helps astrnauts keep a balance between the brain and the bdy.
15. What des van Osterhut think f the new finding?
A. It has small sample size.
B. It needs t be imprved further.
C. It is crrect and true in every detail.
D It will slve the space headache prblem t sme degree.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章基于一项对宇航员头痛情况的研究，详细介绍了研究方法、数据收集过程以及研究发现，探讨了太空飞行中头痛现象的普遍性、类型、可能的原因，以及与地球上头痛现象的关联。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study lked at 24 astrnauts frm NASA, the Eurpean Space Agency, and a Japanese agency. The astrnauts all cmpleted health screenings and a questinnaire abut individual headache histry befre their space flight. Nine f them reprted never having any headaches prir t the study, with three reprting a headache that disturbed their daily activities within the last year. Nne f the astrnauts had a histry f recurrent headaches r had a migraine reprt. During space flight, they filled ut a daily questinnaire fr the first seven days and a weekly questinnaire each fllwing week thrughut their stay in the Internatinal Space Statin. (这项研究调查了来自美国宇航局、欧洲航天局和一家日本机构的24名宇航员。宇航员在太空飞行前都完成了健康检查和关于个人头痛史的问卷调查。其中9人报告说，在研究之前从未有过头痛，3人报告说，在过去的一年中，头痛影响了他们的日常活动。这些宇航员都没有复发性头痛的病史，也没有偏头痛的报告。在太空飞行期间，他们在前七天填写了一份每日调查问卷，在国际空间站逗留期间，每个星期填写一份每周调查问卷。)”可知，本段主要介绍这项研究的过程。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The study fund that 92 percent f the astrnauts surveyed experienced headaches during space flight, cmpared t just 38 percent wh reprted experiencing headaches in the tw t six mnths befre ging int space. Twenty-tw f the 24 astrnauts studied als experienced ne r mre headache times during their first week in space. Abut 89 percent f these headaches were tensin headaches and 10 percent were likely a migraine. Headaches were als f a higher intensity and mre likely t be like a migraine during the first week f their space flight. (研究发现，接受调查的宇航员中有92%在太空飞行中经历过头痛，相比之下，只有38%的人在进入太空前的两到六个月里经历过头痛。在接受研究的24名宇航员中，有22人在太空的第一周也经历了一次或多次头痛。这些头痛中约有89%是紧张性头痛，10%可能是偏头痛。在太空飞行的第一周，头痛的强度也更高，更有可能像偏头痛一样。)”可知，在第三段中，作者主要使用列举数字的方法介绍研究结果。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The study fund that 92 percent f the astrnauts surveyed experienced headaches during space flight, cmpared t just 38 percent wh reprted experiencing headaches in the tw t six mnths befre ging int space. Twenty-tw f the 24 astrnauts studied als experienced ne r mre headache times during their first week in space. Abut 89 percent f these headaches were tensin headaches and 10 percent were likely a migraine. Headaches were als f a higher intensity and mre likely t be like a migraine during the first week f their space flight. (研究发现，接受调查的宇航员中有92%在太空飞行中经历过头痛，相比之下，只有38%的人在进入太空前的两到六个月里经历过头痛。在接受研究的24名宇航员中，有22人在太空的第一周也经历了一次或多次头痛。这些头痛中约有89%是紧张性头痛，10%可能是偏头痛。在太空飞行的第一周，头痛的强度也更高，更有可能像偏头痛一样。)”可知，大部分的宇航员在飞行初期都经历了头痛。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的““Further research is needed t explain the underlying causes f space headache and explre hw such discveries may prvide insights int headaches ccurring n Earth,” said van Osterhut. (“需要进一步的研究来解释太空头痛的潜在原因，并探索这些发现如何为地球上发生的头痛提供见解，”范奥斯特豪特说。)”可知，范奥斯特豪特认为此研究需要进一步改进。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fr nearly a decade, I've interviewed lts f high achievers, frm astrnauts t Olympic gld medalists t Nbel Prize winners. What was revealing is that all high achievers had fur things in cmmn.
Take advantage f yur internal mtivatin.
____16____ Getting t the "why" behind yur career chice is critical, as it will help yu get in tuch with yur deepest mtivatins, blck ut distractins (干扰), and ptentially adjust yur current path. Fr the highest achievers, it's nt abut the medals, rewards, r prmtins. They all tld me that they lved what they did, culd nt imagine anther path, and wuld d it fr free if they culd.
Get cmfrtable with failure.
Sme peple fear failing while thers fear succeeding. ____17____ Fr them, it's nt a questin f whether they can vercme a challenge; the fcus is always n hw they can. They cnsider alternative strategies and wrk fiercely t cntrl what they can cntrl, and ignre distractins.
Enhance yur fundatin.
Despite all f their achievements, high achievers never rest n their hnrs. Even if they've dne a task r rutine many times, they still wrk n the basic skills fundatinal t their current—and future—success.____18____ It's als the strategy marathn runners use when they train in high altitudes s that running the race in nrmal cnditins they feels easier.
____19____
The high achievers I spke with are cntinuusly pen t learning, althugh it is rarely in the classrm. Many f the Nbel Prize winners I spke t were als inspired as a result f their penness and curisity. Several shared that their breakthrugh ideas ccurred thrugh casual cnversatins with clleagues in cafeterias and laundry rms. Cnference lectures, cffee breaks and grup meals are nt just fr building yur netwrk.____20____
A. Becme a lifelng learner.
B. Be the best whatever yu d.
C. It's where new ideas take rt and develp.
D. Why did yu enter yur chsen prfessin?
E. High achievers fear "nt trying" mre than they fear failing.
F. In the military, peple are similarly tld t "train hard, fight easy".
G. What shuld we d t realize ur dreams and live a life withut regret?
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了成功人士的四个共同特点：利用内在动力、习惯失败、增强基础和终身学习。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Take advantage f yur internal mtivatin. (利用你的内在动机。)”以及下文“Getting t the "why" behind yur career chice is critical, as it will help yu get in tuch with yur deepest mtivatins, blck ut distractins (干扰), and ptentially adjust yur current path. (找到你职业选择背后的“为什么”至关重要，因为它将帮助你接触到你最深的动机，排除干扰，并可能调整你当前的道路。)”可知，此处应该是一个问题，询问你为何选择了你的职业，与D项“Why did yu enter yur chsen prfessin?(你为什么选择了你的职业？)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Sme peple fear failing while thers fear succeeding. (有些人害怕失败，而有些人害怕成功。)”以及下文“Fr them, it's nt a questin f whether they can vercme a challenge; the fcus is always n hw they can. (对他们来说，问题不在于他们是否能克服挑战；焦点总是在于他们如何能做到。)”可知，此处应该是在描述高成就者对待失败的态度，与E项“High achievers fear "nt trying" mre than they fear failing. (高成就者更害怕“不去尝试”，而不是失败。)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Even if they've dne a task r rutine many times, they still wrk n the basic skills fundatinal t their current—and future—success. (即使他们已经多次完成一项任务或常规，他们仍然致力于对他们当前和未来的成功至关重要的基本技能。)”可知，此处应该是在举例说明高成就者如何通过基础训练来提升自身，与F项“In the military, peple are similarly tld t "train hard, fight easy. (在军队中，人们同样被告知要“刻苦训练，轻松作战”。)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“The high achievers I spke with are cntinuusly pen t learning, althugh it is rarely in the classrm. (我交谈过的高成就者都持续地保持学习的开放态度，尽管这很少发生在教室里。)”可知，此处应该是在强调高成就者持续学习的重要性，与A项“Becme a lifelng learner. (成为一个终身学习者。)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Cnference lectures, cffee breaks and grup meals are nt just fr building yur netwrk. (会议讲座、咖啡休息时间和团体用餐不仅仅是为了建立你的人际网络。)”可知，此处应该是在强调这些场合对于新想法的产生和发展的重要性，与C项“It's where new ideas take rt and develp. (这是新想法生根发芽和发展的地方。)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Over a decade ag, Heather Benit was given a crayn as a gift by ne f her students. This may seem ____21____, but the reasn behind it culdn’t be mre heartwarming.
At that time, it was Heather’s last Christmas as a(n)____22____. Students and their parents ____23____ her — they gave her lts f presents, which mved her. One little kid, wh didn’t have a present t give,____24____ this. Still, he tried t think f a way that he, t, culd ____25____ hw much he cared abut her. Knwing that her favrite clr is purple, he ____26____ a gift frm an already pened bx. Inside was a single, purple crayn. “He gave me s much ____27____ a purple crayn. He gave me a kind gesture. He gave me ____28____. It is his thught that cunts,” said Heather.
It’s been ver a decade since her retirement. But Heather Benit still ____29____ it. Nw she vlunteers at the Wallace Cmmunity Center t wrk with the yuth, many f whm she says _____30_____ a variety f hardships, like that student. “And I ften shw them the crayn and tell them ‘Yu dn’t have t take mney t shw smebdy that yu _____31_____ them,’” Heather shares. “I want t _____32_____, by ding this, that just the _____33_____ ges such a lng way.”
This crayn has been s _____34_____ that Heather plans t write a bk abut it called The Giving Crayn. With it, she hpes t shw the imprtance f _____35_____ gestures and shedding (散发) light, hpe and psitivity.
21. A. randmB. familiarC. pricelessD. disappinting
22. A. rganizerB. dctrC. teacherD. plicewman
23. A. relaxedB. surprisedC. cnfusedD. amused
24. A. made use fB. made rm frC. tk nte fD. tk respnsibility fr
25. A. prmiseB. admitC. imagineD. express
26. A. presentedB. neededC. describedD. bught
27. A. instead fB. different frmC. mre thanD. related t
28. A. friendshipB. assistanceC. knwledgeD. lve
29. A. valuesB. recmmendsC. expectsD. dubts
30. A. frgetB. sufferC. avidD. vercme
31. A. encurageB. understandC. appreciateD. believe
32. A. recallB. stressC. predictD. ntice
33. A. cnnectinB. curageC. frgivenessD. thught
34. A. influentialB. festiveC. acceptableD. clrful
35. A. strangeB. simpleC. generusD. brave
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了退休教师Heather Benit收到学生送的紫色蜡笔作为礼物，深感温馨。她以此激励青年，计划写书《给予的蜡笔》，强调小小善举意义重大。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这看起来似乎是随意的行为，但背后的原因却无比暖心。A. randm随意的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. priceless无价的；D. disappinting令人失望的。根据后文“but the reasn behind it culdn’t be mre heartwarming”可知，前后为转折关系。结合常识可推知，教师收到学生送的小小蜡笔，看似随意的行为，但背后原因很暖心。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是Heather作为老师的最后一个圣诞节。A. rganizer组织者；B. dctr医生；C. teacher老师；D. plicewman女警察。根据后文“Students and their parents 3 her — they gave her lts f presents”可推知，Heather在作为教师的最后一个圣诞节收到了礼物。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生和他们的家长让她大吃一惊——他们给了她很多礼物，这让她很感动。A. relaxed放松；B. surprised使(某人)吃惊；C. cnfused困惑；D. amused娱乐。根据后文“they gave her lts f presents, which mved her”可知，学生和家长送给她很多礼物，这让Heather感到惊讶。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个没有礼物可送的小孩注意到了这一点。A. made use f利用；B. made rm fr为……腾出空间；C. tk nte f注意到；D. tk respnsibility fr对……负责。根据后文“he tried t think f a way”可知，小孩注意到给Heather送礼物这件事，然后想办法解决。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是想办法表达他对她的关心。A. prmise承诺；B. admit承认；C. imagine想象；D. express表达。根据后文“hw much he cared abut her”可知，小孩也想用礼物来表达对老师Heather的关心。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道她最喜欢的颜色是紫色，在一个已经打开的盒子里，他展示了一件礼物。A. presented展示；B. needed需要；C. described描述；D. bught买。根据后文“Inside was a single, purple crayn”可知，他在打开的盒子里展示了一件礼物。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：他给我的不仅仅是一支紫色蜡笔。A. instead f代替；B. different frm不同于；C. mre than多于，不仅仅；D. related t与……有关。根据后文“He gave me a kind gesture”可知，他给Heather老师的不仅仅是一支紫色蜡笔，还是一种善意的姿态。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我爱。A. friendship友谊；B. assistance帮助；C. knwledge知识；D. lve爱。根据前文“hw much he cared abut her.”和“He gave me s much 7 a purple crayn. He gave me a kind gesture”可推知，学生送的紫色蜡笔是一种善意的姿态，体现了对老师的爱。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Heather Benit仍然很珍视它。A. values珍视；B. recmmends推荐；C. expects期望；D. dubts怀疑。根据前文“It’s been ver a decade since her retirement”和“But”可推知，虽然已经过了十年，但Heather老师仍然珍视那个学生的小小礼物，珍视这份情感，上下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，他们中的许多人，和那个学生一样，都遭受了各种各样的困难。A. frget忘记；B. suffer遭受；C. avid避免；D. vercme克服。根据后文“a variety f hardships”可知，他们遭受了各种各样的困难。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不必用钱来表示你感激他们。A. encurage鼓励；B. understand理解；C. appreciate感激；D. believe相信。结合前文所述一个学生用小小蜡笔来表达对老师的感情和句中“Yu dn’t have t take mney t shw smebdy”可知，Heather老师认为不必用钱来表达感激。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想强调的是，仅仅是一个想法就能起到很大的作用。A. recall回忆；B. stress强调；C. predict预测；D. ntice注意到。根据后文“that just the 13 ges such a lng way”可知，这是Heather老师想强调的事情。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想强调的是，仅仅是一个想法就能起到很大的作用。A. cnnectin联系；B. curage勇气；C. frgiveness原谅；D. thught想法。根据前文“Yu dn’t have t take mney t shw smebdy that yu 11 them”可推知，Heather老师认为表达感激不需要金钱，只要有这个想法就行了，就像十多年前那个学生一样。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这支蜡笔太有影响力了，Heather打算写一本关于它的书，名叫《给予的蜡笔》。A. influential有影响力的；B. festive节日的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. clrful丰富多彩的。根据后文“Heather plans t write a bk abut it called The Giving Crayn”可知，这支蜡笔让Heather打算写一本关于它的书，说明它产生了很大的影响。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她希望展现简单行为的重要性，并传播光明、希望和积极性。A. strange奇怪的；B. simple简单的；C. generus慷慨的；D. brave勇敢的。根据前文“Inside was a single, purple crayn.”和“He gave me s much 7 a purple crayn. He gave me a kind gesture. He gave me 8 ”可推知，一个学生用一支小小蜡笔展示了对Heather老师的爱，所以Heather想用一本书《给予的蜡笔》来展示这一简单行为的重要性。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
In the past 23 years, Lian Da has traveled thrughut Shanxi Prvince t create ver 2,500 black-and-white illustratins f ancient Chinese architecture ____36____ (use) nly a pen.
It all began in 1999, the year ____37____ Lian Da first set ft in Lianing Prvince. Fascinated by the rich histry f the ancient buildings, he was inspired t g further. His search ____38____ (lead) him t Shanxi Prvince, where he explred the details f the Ming Great Wall, the villages and residences that held the whispers f bygne eras. In the fllwing years, Lian Da devted ____39____ (he) t the thrugh study f ancient architecture and painting techniques. His passin became a cntinuus ____40____ (explre) f Shanxi's remte areas in search f ancient buildings with the essence f their archaic beauty.
“Shanxi’s ancient buildings are ____41____ (significant) reflective f Chinese architectural histry,” Lian Da remarked. “I hpe t recrd their image in a way that a camera cannt fully take,” he expressed.
T him, each strk (一笔) f the pen is a deliberate attempt ____42____ (preserve) the physical structure, the very sul f the lcal architectural style ____43____ the characteristics f its era. His black-and-white illustratins, brn frm ____44____ (cunt) hurs f bservatin and skillful rendering (呈现), g beynd mere artistic expressins. They becme histrical dcuments, evidence f the architectural technique f ancient China, and the respect ____45____ the craftsmen wh created these wnders.
【答案】36. using
37. when 38. led
39. himself
40. explratin
41. significantly
42. t preserve
43. and 44. cuntless
45. fr
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主题语境是人与社会。在过去的23年里，中国艺术家连达走遍了山西省，仅用一支笔就创作了2500 多幅中国古代建筑的黑白插图。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的23年里，连达（Lian Da）游历了山西省，仅使用一支笔就创作了2500多幅中国古代建筑的黑白插图。has traveled 是本句谓语动词，本空为非谓语动词形式，且 Lian Da 与动词 use 为逻辑上的主谓关系，故使用其现在分词形式作状语。故填using。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这一切始于1999年，连达第一次踏足辽宁省的那一年。此处是定语从句，修饰先行词the year，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：他的探索将他带到了山西省，在那里他探索了明长城的细节，以及那些承载着过去时代低语的村庄和住宅。根据上文的was可知，本句使用一般过去时，且主语His search与lead之间为主动关系，故填led。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：在接下来的几年里，连达致力于深入研究古建筑和绘画技巧。devte neself t为固定短语，意为“致力于”，其中neself为反身代词，因主语为Lian Da，故此处应用其反身代词形式himself。故填himself。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：他的热情成为对山西偏远地区的不断探索，寻找具有古朴美的古代建筑。此处应用名词explratin作表语，由a可知，应用单数，故填explratin。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：连达说：“山西的古建筑是中国建筑史的重要反映。”本空用副词significantly“显著地”，作状语，修饰形容词reflective。故填significantly。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：对他来说，每一笔都是为了保存建筑物的物理结构、当地建筑风格的灵魂以及那个时代的特征而刻意为之的。is为本句谓语动词，空处是非谓语。attempt为名词，意为“尝试”，其后用不定式作定语，修饰该名词。故填t preserve。
【43题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：对他来说，每一笔都是为了保存建筑物的物理结构、当地建筑风格的灵魂以及那个时代的特征而刻意为之的。此处为并列的三个名词短语，共同作 preserve的宾语。故空处应用并列连词and。故填and。
44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他的黑白插图，源自无数小时的观察和熟练的呈现，超越了单纯的艺术表达。hurs为名词，需用形容词修饰，故将cunt改为其形容词形式cuntless，意为“无数的”。故填cuntless。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：它们成为历史文献，证明了中国古代的建筑技术，以及对这些奇迹的创造者工匠们的尊重。respect为名词，其后应用介词fr表示“对……的尊重”。故填fr。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校交换生 Ryan 在骑车上学的途中受伤。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示慰问；
2. 骑行安全建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
I'm srry t hear that yu gt injured when riding t schl. I am wrried abut yu. Hw are yu feeling nw? If yu need any help, please dn't hesitate t let me knw.
Nw, I want t share sme safety tips fr cycling. First f all, bey traffic rules just like yu expect cars t. A lt f cycling accidents result frm cyclists riding thrugh red lights and stp signs. In additin, it is necessary t watch ut fr pening car drs, which pses a significant danger. The mst imprtant is t avid texting, phne calls, r listening t music while riding yur bike.
With every gd wish fr yur swift and full recvery.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你校交换生Ryan在骑车上学的途中受伤这一情况，给他写一封邮件表示慰问并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
担心的：wrried→cncerned
此外：in additin → what’s mre
安全：safety→security
当心：watch ut fr → lk ut fr
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A lt f cycling accidents result frm cyclists riding thrugh red lights and stp signs.
拓展句：Because f the fact that cyclists ften ride thrugh red lights and stp signs, a significant number f cycling accidents ccur.
【高分句型1】I'm srry t hear that yu gt injured when riding t schl. (运用了that引导宾语从句，when引导的时间状语从句的省略)
【高分句型2】In additin, it is necessary t watch ut fr pening car drs, which pses a significant danger. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Have yu brught the frg t schl?” I whispered excitedly t my friend, Jhn. It was early in the mrning and my friends, Jhn, Tm and I were already in schl, discussing the prank(恶作剧)we were ging t play n ur class mnitr, Jane. Laughing quietly, Jhn reached fr his bag, pened the bag and shwed us the frg in his bag. Tm and I culdn't hld back the laughter, thinking abut what wuld happen.
Ring! As sn as the bell rang, ther students, including Jane, hurried ut f the classrm. We had planned t put a frg in Jane's bag and scare her fr telling Ms Tan, ur headteacher, that we were playing in the classrm when there was n teacher in class. “This shuld teach her a lessn!” I thught, smiling t myself. Once we were the nly nes left in the classrm, I tk the frg frm Jhn's bag. Surveying arund t make sure that n ne was walking past ur classrm, I put the frg int Jane's bag secretly.
“Please take ut the hmewrk I assigned yu yesterday,” Ms Tan instructed after the break. Everyne started lking thrugh their schlbags fr their hmewrk. Out f the crner f my eye, I spied Jane bending dwn t pen her bag. Glancing ver at Tm and Jhn, I saw them cvering their muths, trying t hide their laughter.
“Ahhh! There is a frg in my bag!” Jane screamed as the frg leapt(跳) ut f her bag.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She jumped nt her chair as she screamed in hrrr.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gathering all my curage, I decided t tell the truth.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
She jumped nt her chair as she screamed in hrrr. A few girls held their breath in shck and sme rushed ut f the classrm. The ther classmates and I burst int laughter. I thught, “Serve yu right, Jane! Yu shuld nt have tld Ms Tan abut what we did!” “Silence!” Ms Tan shuted, glaring at all f us. Silence filled the classrm. “Wh did this?” Seeing Jane still standing n her chair, her eyes widened and face pale, I felt regretful fr what I had dne suddenly.
Gathering all my curage, I decided t tell the truth. “…I did… it,” I said in a lw vice. Ms Tan criticized me and cmmanded me t aplgize and take back the frg. Fllwing my lead, Jhn and Tm std up and aplgized t. Frtunately, Jane frgave us willingly. I breathed a sigh f relief. That day, regret welled up within me as I thught abut the prank I had played n pr Jane. My heart sank with guilt ver hw Jane had easily and kindly frgiven us. I realized that we shuld nt have played a prank n such a kind girl.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了作者和朋友们为了报复班长Jane向老师告状，而将一只青蛙放进她的书包里，最终作者意识到自己的错误并向Jane道歉的故事。
【详解】段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她惊恐地尖叫着跳到了椅子上。”可知，第一段可描写Jane发现青蛙后的反应以及同学们的不同表现，同时作者开始反思自己的行为。
②由第二段首句内容“我鼓起所有的勇气，决定说出真相。”可知，第二段可描写作者承认错误，Jhn和Tm也跟随作者一起道歉，最后Jane原谅了他们，作者深感后悔。
续写线索：Jane的反应——同学们的反应——作者的反思——承认错误——Jhn和Tm的道歉——Jane的原谅——作者的后悔
词汇激活
行为类
①尖叫：scream/cry ut
②批评：criticize/cndemn
③原谅：frgive/clear the air
情绪类
①震惊：shcked/stunned
②后悔：regretful/remrseful
[高分句型1]. Seeing Jane still standing n her chair, her eyes widened and face pale, I felt regretful fr what I had dne suddenly.（使用了现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2]. That day, regret welled up within me as I thught abut the prank I had played n pr Jane.（使用了as引导的时间状语从句）
听力1—5 AABCA 6—10 CBCAB 11—15 ABACA 16—20 BBACC