2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习51语法填空+阅读理解（附解析）

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习51语法填空+阅读理解（附解析），共5页。
In ancient China, it was nt that easy t be 4.________ fficial. Yu have t take exams first. The exams are very difficult and have many 5.________ (prcedure). The utcme has t be cnfirmed by the Emperr 6.________ (he). The number ne schlar with the best scre in the imperial exam is called zhuangyuan. Once yu are selected 7.________ the zhuangyuan, yu will be appreciated by the Emperr and appear in a parade dwntwn with a red rbe (礼袍) and a tall, strng hrse. Nw the imperial 8.________ (cmpete) examinatin has been canceled fr many years.
Hwever, peple still like t call the 9.________ (gd) persn in their field a zhuangyuan. The ld saying 10.________ (g) that there are 360 trades and every trade has its master, r zhuangyuan.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。在古代科举考试中获得第一名的学者被称为状元。现在科举考试已经被取消很多年了，然而，人们仍然喜欢称他们领域里最好的人为状元。
1．答案与解析：t return 如果你有机会回到古代中国，问一个受过教育的人他最大的梦想是什么，他会告诉你，他想成为一个状元，这是一个授予在最高科举考试中获得第一名的学者的头衔。在If引导的条件状语从句中已有谓语动词had，空处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词chance，说明chance内容。故填t return。
2．答案与解析：what 参见上题解析。空处引导宾语从句，作ask的宾语，从句中缺少表语，此处表示“问一个受过教育的人他最大的梦想是什么”，应用what引导该宾语从句。故填what。
3．答案与解析：given 参见第1题解析。空前的a title是名词作同位语，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰a title。a title和动词give之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填given。
4．答案与解析：an 在中国古代，成为一名官员并不那么容易。fficial“官员”为可数名词，其前无限定词，又根据句意，此处表示“成为一名官员”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指。fficial的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
5．答案与解析：prcedures 考试很难，有很多程序。prcedure“程序，步骤，手续”可作可数名词，空前有many修饰，空处应用复数形式。故填prcedures。
6．答案与解析：himself 结果必须得到皇帝本人的确认。根据语境可知，此处表示“皇帝本人”，应用反身代词himself。故填himself。
7．答案与解析：as 一旦你被选为状元，你将受到皇帝的赏识，并穿着红礼袍和一匹高大强壮的马出现在市中心的游行队伍中。be selected as意为“被选为”。故填as。
8．答案与解析：cmpetitive 现在这种皇家竞争性的考试已经被取消很多年了。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词examinatin，cmpete的形容词形式是cmpetitive，意为“竞争的，竞争性的”。故填cmpetitive。
9．答案与解析：best 然而，人们仍然喜欢称他们领域里最好的人为状元。根据语境和空前的定冠词the可知，空处用形容词的最高级形式。故填best。
10．答案与解析：ges 俗话说“三百六十行，行行出状元”。空处在主句中作谓语，此处叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The ld saying是单数形式，空处应用单数形式。故填ges。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
When I mentined t sme friends that we all have accents, mst f them prudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind f respnse misses the pint.
Mre ften than nt, what we mean when we say smene “has an accent” is that their accent is different frm the lcal ne, r that prnunciatins are different frm ur wn. But this definitin f accents is limiting and culd give rise t prejudice. Funnily enugh, in terms f the language study, every persn speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in hw we prduce sunds that define ur accents. Even if yu dn't hear it yurself, yu speak with sme srt f accent. In this sense, it's pintless t pint ut that smene “has an accent”. We all d!
Every persn speaks a dialect (方言) , t. In the field f the language study，a dialect is a versin f a language that is characterized by its variatins f structure , phrases and wrds. Fr instance, “Yu gt eat r nt？” (meaning “Have yu eaten？” )is an acceptable and understd questin in Singapre Oral English. The fact that this expressin wuld cause a standard American English speaker t take pause desn't mean that Singapre Oral English is “wrng” r “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well­frmed and clearly cmmunicative, accrding t native Singapre English speakers' slid system f grammar. Why shuld it be wrng just because it's different?
We need t mve beynd a narrw cnceptin f accents and dialects—fr the benefit f everyne. Language differences like these prvide insights int peple's cultural experiences and backgrunds. In a glbal age, the way ne speaks is a distinct part f ne's identity. Mst peple wuld be happy t talk abut the cultures behind their speech. We'd learn mre abut the wrld we live in and make friends alng the way.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了口音指的是什么，口音存在的普遍性以及口音的价值所在。
1．What des the authr think f his/her friends' respnse in Paragraph 1?
A．It reflects their self­cnfidence.
B．It reflects their language levels.
C．It misses the pint f cmmunicatin.
D．It misses the real meaning f accents.
答案与解析：D 推断。根据第一段中的“Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc”和第二段中的“what we mean when we say smene... with an accent”可知，通常情况下，当我们说某人“有口音”时，我们的意思是某个人的口音与当地的口音有差别或者和我们自己的发音有区别，事实上每个人都有口音。据此可以推测，朋友的回答很明显误解了“口音”的真正含义，故D项正确。
2．Why des the authr use the example f Singapre Oral English?
A．T justify the use f dialects.
B．T shw the diversity f dialects.
C．T crrect a grammatical mistake.
D．T highlight a traditinal apprach.
答案与解析：A 推断。举例一般是为了说明上文中提到的较为抽象或晦涩的概念。根据第三段中举例前面的“a dialect is a versin f a language that is characterized by its variatins f structure, phrases and wrds”可以看出，作者之所以拿新加坡的方言举例是为了说明方言不过是具有特定结构、短语和词汇的语言变体，由该段最后一句也可知，不能因为方言是不同的就认为它不正确。故A项“证明使用方言是正当的”正确。
3．What des the authr recmmend us t d in the last paragraph?
A．Learn t speak with ur lcal dialect.
B．Seek fr an fficial definitin f accents.
C．Appreciate the value f accents and dialects.
D．Distinguish ur lcal languages frm thers'.
答案与解析：C 推断。根据最后一段中的“Language differences like these prvide insights int... make friends alng the way”可知，语言的差异会让我们更加了解不同的文化经历和背景，了解我们居住的世界，并帮助我们结交朋友。由此可以推断，作者建议我们要懂得欣赏口音和方言的价值，故C项正确。
4．What can be a suitable title fr this passage?
A．Everyne Has an Accent
B．Accents Enhance Our Identities
C．Dialects Lead t Misunderstanding
D．Standard English Is at Risk
答案与解析：A 理解文章主旨要义。本文第一段通过朋友们的反应引出口音这个话题；第二段讲述了对口音的正确理解，并指出每个人都有口音；第三段讲到了每个人都在讲方言，并以新加坡英语口语为例说明使用方言是正当的；第四段讲到了口音和方言的价值所在，并鼓励读者学会欣赏口音和方言。故A项“每个人都有口音”适合作本文的标题。
B
Amng my friends, ne tpic seems t dminate their cnversatins: bnes. It makes sense, given that 20 percent f American wmen ver 50 have steprsis (骨质疏松) and that mre than half have bne lss. Fr men, the figures are lwer: 4 percent and a third. Wrldwide, ne ut f three wmen ver 50 and ne ut f five lder men will develp a fracture (骨折). Anther reasn fr the endless argument abut bne prblems is mass cnfusin ver hw t strengthen yur bnes best and whether diet really makes a difference.
Diet research is always messy, and study results n nutritin and bne health haven't been cnsistent. But__gradually__sme__clarity__is__emerging. As we draw up reslutins fr what t eat, it's useful t lk at new data n vitamin D. Calcium is the key element fr building bnes, and vitamin D helps t absrb calcium frm the fd we eat, s dctrs ften recmmend D supplements (补充物) t make up fr age­related bne lss.
But a recent study fund that taking D supplements fr five years did nt reduce the rate f fractures in senirs. That result built n earlier findings, led by the same team, that these supplements d nt imprve bne density (密度). “Fd and sun expsure likely prvide enugh vitamin D fr healthy adults，” says Mery LeBff, wh led the study.
What des help maintain strng bnes fr all f us? The easy answer is fd high in calcium, such as milk and tfu. “Getting it frm fd is best，” LeBff says, “because there are s many ther nutrients (营养物), and yu have mre cntinuus absrptin than frm D supplements.”
The ther key element f bne health invlves calries ut rather than calries in. Weight­bearing exercise stimulates bne frmatin thrughut life. S while fcusing n better nutritinal chices, add mre exercise t yur daily menu.
【语篇解读】 一项研究表明服用补充维生素D五年并不能降低老年人的骨折率，但高钙食物和运动有助于增强骨骼健康。
5．What d the statistics in Paragraph 1 emphasize?
A．The seriusness f bne prblems.
B．The cncern abut senir citizens.
C．The cnfusin abut strengthening bnes.
D．The imprtance f having a balanced diet.
答案与解析：A 推断。根据第一段中的“It makes develp a fracture (骨折)”可知，这些数据表明美国男性女性的骨质疏松问题严重，世界范围内男性女性发生骨折现象也比比皆是。故该段中用真实数据强调了现实中人们骨骼问题的严重性。故A项正确。
6．What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 imply?
A．Diet research is n lnger a challenge.
B．We've made reslutins t study diets.
C．Findings n bne health prve t be similar.
D．We begin t agree n ways t keep bnes healthy.
答案与解析：D 理解句意。根据第二段中的“Diet research is always messy, and study results n nutritin and bne health haven't been cnsistent”和But表转折可知，前文讲关于营养和骨骼健康的研究结果也不一致，后文应该讲就保持骨骼健康一事大家达成了共识；本段中的“s dctrs ften recmmend D supplements(补充物)t make up fr age­related bne lss”也是提示。故D项正确。
7．What can be inferred frm the recent study?
A．Peple can absrb vitamin D in fd easily.
B．The findings g against LeBff's earlier nes.
C．D supplements play a minr rle than expected.
D.Fractures are linked with weight­bearing exercise.
答案与解析：C 推断。根据第三段中的“But a recent study supplements d nt imprve bne density (密度)”可知，最近的研究表明，维生素D补充剂没能起到预期效果，即减少老年人的骨折率。再根据第四段中的“because there are s many ther nutrients(营养物), and yu have mre cntinuus absrptin than frm D supplements”可知，还有其他营养物质吸收效果好于维生素D。两者都明确表明维生素D对保持骨骼的健康而言效果不佳。故C项正确。
8．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Recipes fr better bnes
B．Yur bnes cry!
C．The magic f D supplements
D．Vitamin D wins!
答案与解析：A 理解文章主旨要义。第一段主要讲现实中人们骨骼问题的严重性；第二段主要讲渐渐地人们开始就保持骨骼健康问题的方法——吃维生素D补充剂——达成一致；根据第三段中的“But a recent study fund... fractures in senirs”可知，维生素D补充剂在减少老年人骨折方面没有起到预期效果。再根据第四段中的“What des help... milk and tfu”和第五段可知，要想保持强健的骨骼，最简单的方式是吃含钙高的食物，比如牛奶和豆腐，另一种方法是多进行日常锻炼。由此可知，本文给人们提供了两种更好的强健骨骼的诀窍。故A项作本文的标题最佳。
答题策略
语法填空——代词
少用,
⑤,物主代词或人称代词的少用
⑥,留意无冠词、无物主代词、无不定代词修饰的名词
2024·江苏淮安联考
说明文
175词
★★★☆☆
2024·武汉调研
说明文
304词
★★★★☆
2024·南京市、盐城市模拟
说明文
309词
★★★☆☆
代词的应用与少用
应用
①
认清代词指代对象，注意前后人称要一致
②
认清代词指代对象，注意前后单复数要一致
③
认清代词指代对象，注意前后性别要一致
④
this，that，it的应用；smething和everything的应用；s和such的应用；反身代词与人称代词的应用；形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的应用；人称代词和物主代词的应用；人称代词的主格和宾格的应用，注意它的区别和运用