2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习42语法填空+阅读理解+应用文写作（附解析）

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习42语法填空+阅读理解+应用文写作（附解析），共6页。
Yaji, which translates as “an elegant gathering”， reminds peple f 4.________ ancient type f scial event in China 5.________ schlars and the literati (文人) gathered t invlve in a variety f refined cultural activities such as tea tasting, guqin playing, and petry cmpsitin and recitals. The Paris event featuring activities including tea tasting, demnstratins f tea­making techniques and tea art and musical perfrmances 6.________ (speak) highly f by audiences. Thrugh the activities, it prvided an 7.________ (extend) descriptin f lcal lifestyles assciated with tea.
8．________ caught peple's eye was a unique exhibitin presented in a panramic (全景) way 9.________ (use) virtual 3D mdeling technlgy. With fancy silk, jewelry, musical instruments, cstumes fr Peking Opera and Kunqu Opera, as well as tls fr special ccasins 10.________ exhibit, the virtual shw recreated traditinal lifestyles and hme envirnments frm Jiangsu.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。巴黎中国文化中心举办了一场名为“茶和天下·苏韵雅集”的活动，通过展览和表演等形式，全面介绍了江苏茶文化。
1．答案与解析：intentin 上周，巴黎中国文化中心举办了一场名为“茶和天下·苏韵雅集”的特别活动，意在让茶在加强友好对话中发挥更大的作用。根据空前的with the和空后的f可知，空处应用名词。intentin“打算，计划，意图，目的”。
2．答案与解析：selected 精心挑选的来自中国东部江苏省的代表性非物质文化遗产全面展示了其丰富的茶文化。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词作前置定语，select“挑选”与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。
3．答案与解析：thrughly 空处修饰动词presented，应用所给词的副词形式。thrughly“完全地，全面地”。
4．答案与解析：an 雅集，译为“高雅的聚会”，让人们想起中国一种古老的社交活动，学者和文人聚集在一起，参与各种高雅的文化活动，如品茶、古琴演奏、诗歌创作和朗诵。此处表泛指，又ancient的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。
5．答案与解析：where 分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示抽象地点的scial event，空处在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
6．答案与解析：was spken 句中没有谓语动词，故空处作谓语。句子主语为The Paris event，表示单数，与speak之间是被动关系，又文中描述该活动时用到的时态是一般过去时，故填was spken。speak highly f“高度赞扬，对……大加称赞”。
7．答案与解析：extensive 根据空前的an和空后的descriptin可知，空处应用形容词作定语。
8．答案与解析：What 吸引人们眼球的是使用虚拟3D建模技术以全景方式呈现的独特展览。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，故填What。
9．答案与解析：using 空处应用非谓语动词作方式状语，use与其逻辑主语a unique exhibitin之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。
10．答案与解析：n 此处为“with＋sth.＋介词短语”结构。n exhibit“在展示中”为固定搭配。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
The Nbel Prize has been awarded t 60 wmen between 1901 and 2022. These wmen have made utstanding cntributins t the wrlds f medicine, science, literature and s n. Here are fur f them.
Drthy Crwft Hdgkin
Award: Nbel Prize in Chemistry
Year: 1964
Drthy Hdgkin was a British chemist whse interest in research began when, as a child, she received a chemistry bk cntaining experiments with crystals (晶体). She studied at Oxfrd University and develped prtein crystallgraphy, which advanced the develpment f X­rays. This earned her the Nbel Prize.
Gertrude B. Elin
Award: Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine
Year: 1988
Gertrude Elin wn the Nbel Prize fr her discveries f imprtant principles fr drug treatment. Elin had watched her grandfather die f cancer, s she decided t fight the disease thrughut her life. Elin, tgether with Gerge Hitchings, with whm she shared the award, created a system fr drug prductin that relies heavily n bichemistry.
Tni Mrrisn
Award: Nbel Prize in Literature
Year: 1993
Tni Mrrisn, whse bk “Belved” earned her the Pulitzer Prize and the American Bk Award, was the first Black wman t ever receive the Nbel Prize in Literature. Brn in Ohi, Mrrisn was a writer whse wrks are mstly abut life in the Black cmmunity. She taught writing and served as an hnrary prfessr at Princetn University.
Esther Dufl
Award: Nbel Prize in Ecnmics
Year: 2019
Esther Dufl shared her prize with her research clleagues Michael Kremer and Abhijit Banerjee. wh is her husband. Dufl has spent much f her career at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, where she earned her dctrate degree in 1999. Dufl and her partners were awarded the Nbel Prize fr their apprach t fighting pverty arund the wrld.
1．What wn Drthy Crwft Hdgkin the Nbel Prize ?
A．Her bk abut crystals.
B．Her cntributin t X­ray develpment.
C．Her research n medicine.
D．Her discvery f a new prtein crystal.
答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据Drthy Crwft Hdgkin部分的“She studied at Oxfrd University and develped prtein earned her the Nbel Prize”可知，Drthy Crwft Hdgkin对X射线的发展的贡献为她赢得了诺贝尔奖。故选B项。
2．What d Tni Mrrisn's bks mainly fcus n?
A.Educatinal issues.
B．Cmmunity service.
C．Writing techniques.
D．Black American's life.
答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。根据Tni Mrrisn部分的“whse wrks are mstly abut life in the Black cmmunity”可知，Tni Mrrisn的作品主要是关于黑人社区的生活。由此可知，Tni Mrrisn的书主要讲美国黑人生活。故选D项。
3．What d Gertrude B. Elin and Esther Dufl have in cmmn ?
A．They wn the Nbel Prize in the same year.
B．They devted themselves t fighting diseases.
C．They shared the Nbel Prize with thers.
D．Their life experiences cmmitted them t their fields.
答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据Gertrude B．Elin部分的“s she decided t fight the whm she shared the award”和Esther Dufl部分的“Esther Dufl shared her prize with her research clleagues Michael Kremer and Abhijit Banerjee, wh is her husband”可知，Gertrude B．Elin和Esther Dufl的相似之处是她们和其他人一起获得了诺贝尔奖。故选C项。
B
On March 7，1907, the English statistician Francis Galtn published a paper which illustrated what has cme t be knwn as the “wisdm f crwds” effect. The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases, the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren't always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn't cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple's estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple's errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
But a new study led by Jaquin Navajas ffered an interesting twist (转折) n this classic phenmenn. The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals.
In a fllw­up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn't the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they “shared arguments and reasned tgether.” Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr.
Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin­making are enrmus.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立评估的平均值可能是相当准确的。
4．What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A．The methds f estimatin.
B．The underlying lgic f the effect.
C．The causes f peple's errrs.
D．The design f Galtn's experiment.
答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren't always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn't cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple's estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple's errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn. (这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，有些会低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生一个更准确的评估。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的评估是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，评估的准确性就会下降)”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的评估，讨论了独立评估的平均如何由于误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
5．Navajas' study fund that the average accuracy culd increase even if ________．
A．the crwds were relatively small
B．there were ccasinal underestimates
C．individuals did nt cmmunicate
D．estimates were nt fully independent
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple's estimates be independent. (用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的评估是独立的)”和第三段的“The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals. (这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的评估中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确)”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在评估数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。
6．What did the fllw­up study fcus n?
A．The size f the grups.
B．The dminant members.
C．The discussin prcess.
D．The individual estimates.
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a fllw­up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? (在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的评估最有信心的人？他们是否追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人呢)”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。
7．What is the authr's attitude tward Navajas' studies?
A.Unclear. B．Dismissive.
C．Dubtful. D．Apprving.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin­making are enrmus. (尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策性的潜在影响是巨大的)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策性的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2024·福建省高三练习卷]近日，你校英语报拟介绍学生参与社团的情况。请你结合图表信息，以“Our Schl Clubs”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括：
1．参与社团的情况；
2．你的看法。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Our Schl Clubs
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One pssible versin：
Our Schl Clubs
Aiming t enrich students' after­class life, ur schl prvides varius clubs fr us students. Arund half f the students prefer Chinese Calligraphy and Painting Club while ne furth f them sign up fr the Ping­png Club. The number f students jining the Erhu Club and ther clubs accunts fr 10% and 17% respectively.
We benefit a lt frm ur schl clubs. Fr ne thing, there are many different kinds f clubs s that we can chse whatever we are interested in. Fr anther, attending these clubs ffers us gd pprtunities t imprve ur all­rund abilities.
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