2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习39语法填空+阅读理解（附解析）

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习39语法填空+阅读理解（附解析），共5页。
Hai became the third Chinese 2.________ (win) f the Hug Award, fllwing sci­fi writers Liu Cixin and Ha Jingfang. The Space­Time Painter was published in 2022. It 3.________ (inspire) by the life experience f the 4.________ (talent) Chinese painter Wang Ximeng during the Nrthern Sng perid (960～1127), wh created the 12­meter­lng landscape painting One Thusand Li f Rivers and Muntains.
In this stry, Hai did his best 5.________ (balance) the relatinship between the stry，characters and histry, hping t bring readers a mature wrk. He said that 6.________ nt a big categry, histrical sci­fi has always been there.
Hai, als 7.________ financial wrker, thinks f himself mre 8.________ a sci­fi enthusiast than a writer. “I have very little time t write every day，” he said. “But I think as lng as I lve it and am willing t put effrts in it, I will see hpes and the dawn.”
The Hug Awards are the mst prestigius (有声望的) awards f science fictin. They were first presented in 1953 and have been presented 9.________ (annual) since 1955. The Hug Awards are vted n by members f the Wrld Science Fictin Cnventin, 10.________ is als respnsible fr administering them.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。由中国作家海漄创作的《时空画师》获得了雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖。它的灵感来自中国天才画家王希孟在北宋时期的生活经历。在这个故事中，海漄尽最大努力平衡故事、人物和历史之间的关系，希望能给读者带来一部成熟的作品。
1．答案与解析：held 分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语。hld与空前名词短语“the 81st Wrld Science Fictin Cnventin”是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填held。句意：这部由中国作家海漄创作的《时空画师》，在由中国西南部城市成都举行的第81届世界科幻大会(世界大会)上获得了雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖。
2．答案与解析：winner 根据空前的“the third Chinese”和语境可知，空处应填名词winner。句意：继科幻作家刘慈欣和郝景芳之后，海漄成为第三位获得雨果奖的中国人。
3．答案与解析：was inspired 分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据前文讲的这本书出版于2022年可知，此处时态用一般过去时。It与inspire之间是被动关系，主语是第三人称单数。故填was inspired。句意：它的灵感来自中国天才画家王希孟在北宋时期(960～1127)的生活经历，他创作了12米长的山水画《千里江山图》。
4．答案与解析：talented 空前是定冠词the，空后核心词是名词，空处应用形容词。故填talented“有天赋的，天才的”。
5．答案与解析：t balance 此处考查固定短语try ne's best t d sth.“尽某人最大努力去做某事”。故填t balance。
6．答案与解析：althugh/thugh/while 分析句子结构可知，that后是宾语从句。再结合语境“虽然不是一个大的类别，但历史科幻小说一直在那里”可知，前后语义间存在明显的让步关系，故填althugh/thugh/while。此处让步状语从句中省略了主语和be动词，补充完整为“althugh/thugh/while histrical sci­fi is nt a big categry”。
7．答案与解析：a 海漄也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更是一名科幻爱好者而不是作家。根据句意，此处表示“一名金融工作者”，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且financial的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
8．答案与解析：as 参见上题解析。think f neself as...为固定搭配，表示“认为自己是……”。故填as。
9．答案与解析：annually 分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，应用副词修饰。故填annually。
10．答案与解析：which 分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词是表示物的the Wrld Science Fictin Cnventin。故填which。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things.
Ideally a histry wuld bring tgether texts and bjects, and sme chapters f this bk are able t d just that, but in many cases we simply can't. The clearest example f this between literate and nn­literate histry is perhaps the first cnflict, at Btany Bay, between Captain Ck's vyage and the Australian Abriginals. Frm the English side, we have scientific reprts and the captain's recrd f that terrible day. Frm the Australian side, we have nly a wden shield (盾) drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht. If we want t recnstruct what was actually ging n that day, the shield must be questined and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reprts.
In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (联系) between literate and nn­literate scieties such as these, all ur first­hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin,__we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。
1．What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．Hw past events shuld be presented.
B．What humanity is cncerned abut.
C．Whether facts speak luder than wrds.
D．Why written language is reliable.
答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things. (如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文学记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用物件来记录他们所关心的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。
2．What des the authr indicate by mentining Captain Ck in Paragraph 2?
A．His reprt was scientific.
B．He represented the lcal peple.
C．He ruled ver Btany Bay.
D．His recrd was ne­sided.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句“Ideally a histry wuld bring tgether texts and bjects, and sme chapters f this bk are able t d just that, but in many cases we simply can't. (理想情况下，历史应该将文本和物品结合在一起，本书的某些章节能够做到这一点，但在许多情况下，我们根本做不到。)”可推断，作者认为历史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“Frm the English side, we have scientific reprts and the captain's recrd f that terrible day. Frm the Australian side, we have nly a wden shield (盾) drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht. (从英国方面来看，我们有科学报告和船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在飞行中扔下的。)”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。故选D。
3．What des the underlined wrd “cnversatin” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Prblem. B．Histry.
C．Vice. D．Sciety.
答案与解析：B 词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (联系) between literate and nn­literate scieties such as these, all ur first­hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. (加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人以及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本书中，他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大的成就：通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个话语权。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文化社会和无文化社会之间的接触时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只有对话的一半。)”结合画线句“If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects. (如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人所想要让我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读物品。所以cnversatin指的是“历史”。故选B。
4．Which f the fllwing bks is the text mst likely selected frm?
A．Hw Maps Tell Stries f the Wrld
B．A Shrt Histry f Australia
C．A Histry f the Wrld in 100 Objects
D．Hw Art Wrks Tell Stries
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt.(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。)”结合最后一段的“If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects. (如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。
B
Standing in my ffice 25 years ag was an unknwn, newly rising astrnmer with a half­smile n her face. She had cme with a demand that my team change ur tested sftware t make ne f ur mst imprtant and in­demand scientific instruments d smething it had never been designed fr, and risk breaking it dwn. All t carry ut an experiment that was basically a waste f time and culdn't be dne—t prve that a massive black hle hid at the center f ur Milky Way.
My initial “n way” gradually gave way in the face f her cheerful but firm determinatin. It was my first encunter with a frce f nature, Andrea Ghez, ne f three winners f the Nbel Prize fr Physics in 2020. That determinatin and the willingness t take calculated risks has always characterized Andrea. Fr 25 years she has fcused almst nly n Sagittarius A—the name f ur wn lcal super massive black hle. And Andrea is ne f the great pineers in this search withut questin.
Andrea did her wrk at the W．M. Keck Observatry's twin telescpes n Maunakea, Hawaii. She started using the very first instrument licensed n Keck Observatry's Near Infrared Camera (NIRC). NIRC was never designed t d what Andrea needed but she was nt t be denied. And it wrked! It was extremely hard and time­cnsuming t make sense f the data, but Andrea persisted.
As Andrea wuld be the very first t acknwledge, this victry represents the cmbined effrts f s many. But actually ne persn had the idea fr the research. One persn had the chutzpah (无所顾忌) t prpse it and ne persn had the determinatin and fcus t make it happen, nt discuraged by all wh said it was a waste f time. That persn is Andrea Ghez, winner f the 2020 Nbel Prize fr Physics.
5．What did the authr think f Andrea Ghez's request at first?
A．It's demanding. B．It's interesting.
C．It's acceptable. D．It's meaningless.
答案与解析：D 根据第一段最后两句可推知，作者一开始认为Andrea Ghez的要求是毫无意义的，是浪费时间的。
6．What d we learn abut Andrea Ghez's research frm Paragraph 2?
A．It takes decades f effrts.
B．It deals with pwer f nature.
C．It's a purely individual prject.
D．It's abut measurement f a hle.
答案与解析：A 根据第二段中“Fr 25 years she has fcused almst nly n Sagittarius A—the name f ur wn lcal super massive black hle.”可知，Andrea Ghez的研究花费了几十年的努力。
7．Which f the fllwing best describes Andrea Ghez's wrk in Hawaii?
A．Dangerus. B．Pleasant.
C．Challenging. D．Fruitless.
答案与解析：C 根据第三段中“It was extremely hard and time­cnsuming t make sense f the data...”可知，Andrea Ghez的研究工作是非常有挑战性的。
8．What d we learn frm Andrea Ghez's success?
A．It is rewarding t cperate.
B．The ld methds still wrk tday.
C．It pays t put thery int practice.
D．Persistence leads t success.
答案与解析：D 通读全文可知，Andrea的成功在于她的坚持，坚持自己的想法，专注于实现自己的目标，而不受别人看法的影响。
答题策略
语法填空——名词
答案,attractin 所填词在句中作表语，并且有物主代词its修饰，故应用其名词形式。结合句意，应填attractin2024·浙江四校联考
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名词题的解题步骤
例题
Chengdu has dzens f new millinaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new htels. But fr turists like me, pandas are its tp________ (attract).
步骤
①
根据空白处所填词在句中的成分或作定语的限定词判断是否该填名词(多考查名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语，名词还可以作同位语、宾语补足语和状语)
②
结合句意确定选择何种名词形式
③
确定名词的数