2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习28阅读理解+完形填空（附解析）

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习28阅读理解+完形填空（附解析），共6页。
A
“Yu're s smart！” This encuraging respnse t children's math perfrmance is cmmnly heard. Recently, a new study, cnducted by the University f Gergia, fund that encuraging children with respnses related t their persnal characteristics r inbrn abilities might weaken their math mtivatin and achievement ver time.
Parents wh make cmments linking their children's perfrmance t persnal characteristics like intelligence are using what's referred t as persn respnses. In cntrast, parents wh link their children's actins, such as effrts r strategy use, t their perfrmance are using prcess respnses.
Fr the study, researchers asked mre than 500 parents t reprt n hw they respnded t their children's math perfrmance and their math beliefs and gals. Children were assessed in tw waves acrss a year t measure their math mtivatin and achievement.
The results shw that parents wh view math ability as changeable are mre likely t give prcess respnses fcused n their children's strategy use and effrts rather than their intelligence r ther persnal characteristics. In cntrast, parents wh believe math ability is unchangeable and that math failure can't be cnstructive give mre persn respnses. Parents with high expectatins fr their children give a cmbinatin f bth respnses. While respnses highlighting strategy and effrts are nt related t any achievement utcmes, children wh receive mre respnses abut their persnal characteristics—in particular, related t failure—are mre likely t avid harder math prblems, exhibit higher levels f math anxiety, and scre lwer n math achievement tests.
Because persn respnses predict pr math adjustment in children ver time, researchers suggest parents limit this type f respnses at hme. Anther recmmendatin fr parents is t think abut their wn beliefs and gals fr their kids and examine hw these might lead them t respnd in persn r prcess ways. Simply telling parents t avid talking abut math ability may nt be enugh. Fcusing less n hw children perfrm and mre n their strategy and enjyment f math might be a mre effective way t enhance mtivatin.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，用孩子们的个人特征或天生能力鼓励他们，可能会随着时间的推移削弱他们的数学动机和成就。
1．Which f the fllwing is an example f prcess respnses?
A．Yu are a lucky dg.
B．Running is in yur bld.
C．What wrks well fr yur study?
D．Why are yu such a math genius?
答案与解析：C 推断。明题意：本题问“以下哪一项是过程性反馈的例子？”→寻线索：根据第二段中的“parents wh link their children's actins, such as effrts r strategy use, t their perfrmance are using prcess respnses”可知，过程性反馈与孩子的策略应用或努力等行为相关→定答案：C项“什么对你的学习很有用呢”是对策略方面的反馈，故C项正确。
2．What can be inferred frm the study results?
A．Parents prefer t give mre prcess respnses.
B.Children are mre likely t be affected by math anxiety.
C．Prcess respnses help with children's math achievement.
D．Persn respnses can discurage children frm learning math.
答案与解析：D 推断。根据第四段中的“children wh receive mre higher levels f math anxiety, and scre lwer n math achievement tests”可知，接受更多个人特征相关的反馈的孩子更可能避开更难的数学题，展现出更高水平的数学焦虑，且在数学测试中得分更低。据此可以推断，个人特征相关的反馈可能会打击孩子学习数学的信心，故D项正确。
3．What d researchers advise parents t d?
A．Restrict persn respnses.
B．Defend their wn beliefs.
C．Stress children's perfrmance.
D．Ignre children's math prblems.
答案与解析：A 理解具体信息。根据最后一段中的“Because persn respnses limit this type f respnses at hme”可知，研究人员建议家长在家里限制(减少)使用个人反馈，故A项正确。
4．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．The Strategy Children Adpt t Learn Math Helps
B．The Way Parents Talk t Children n Math Matters
C.Respnses t Enhance Children's Math Perfrmance
D.Suggestins fr Parents t Teach Their Children Math
答案与解析：B 理解文章主旨要义。根据第一段中的“encuraging children with respnses related and achievement ver time”可知，用孩子们的个人特征或天生能力相关的反馈鼓励他们，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成就；第二段介绍了家长的两种反馈模式；第三、四段讲述了相关研究；最后一段提出了一些建议，充分说明了使用正确反馈方式的重要性，故B项“父母和孩子们谈论数学的方式很重要”适合作本文的标题。
B
As a yung girl grwing up in France, Sarah Tumi dreamed f becming a leader wh culd make the wrld a better place. Her passin t help thers was awakened when, frm the age f nine, she accmpanied her Tunisian father t his birthplace in the east f the cuntry during hlidays. There she rganized hmewrk clubs and activities fr children.
Tumi witnessed first­hand the destructive effect f desertificatin. “Within 10 years rich farmers became wrse ff, and in 10 years frm nw they will be pr. I wanted t stp the Sahara Desert in its tracks.”A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity f drughts (干旱) have led t an estimated 75 per cent f Tunisia's agricultural lands being threatened by desertificatin.
Tumi recgnized that farming practices needed t change. She is cnfident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able t adapt by planting sustainable crps, using new technlgies fr water treatment and fcusing n natural prducts and fertilisers (肥料) rather than chemicals.
In 2012, Tumi cnslidated her dream t fight the desert. She mved t Tunisia, and set up a prgramme named Acacias fr All t put her sustainable farming philsphy int actin. “I want t shw yung peple in rural areas that they can create pprtunities where they are. Nbdy is better able t understand the impact f desertificatin and climate change than smebdy wh is living with n access t water.”
By September 2016, mre than 130，000 acacia trees had been planted n 20 pilt farms, with farmers recrding a 60 per cent survival rate. Tumi estimates that sme 3 millin acacia trees are needed t prtect Tunisia's farmland. She expects t plant 1 millin trees by 2018. In the next cuple f years, Tumi hpes t extend the prgramme t Algeria and Mrcc.
【语篇解读】 文章讲述的是小时候Sarah Tumi和父亲去突尼斯度假，发现当地农田荒漠化很严重，后来她成立Acacias fr All，想通过种植金合欢树来保护突尼斯的农田，并且初见成效。
5．Hw did Tumi's hliday trips t Tunisia influence her?
A．They made her decide t leave the cuntry.
B．They helped her better understand her father.
C.They fired her enthusiasm fr helping thers.
D.They destryed her dream f being a teacher.
答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。明题意：本题问“Tumi去突尼斯的度假如何影响了她？”→寻线索：根据第一段中“Her passin t help the east f the cuntry during hlidays”可知，当她陪着她的父亲在假期去他在该国东部的出生地时，她帮助他人的热情被唤醒了→定答案：故C项“他们激起了她帮助他人的热情”正确。
6．What is the main cause f the desertificatin f Tunisia's farmland?
A．Lw rainfall. B．Sil pllutin.
C．Cld weather. D．Frest damage.
答案与解析：A 理解具体信息。根据第二段中“A decrease in average per cent f Tunisia's agricultural lands being threatened by desertificatin”可知，平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业用地受到荒漠化的威胁。故A项正确。
7．Why did Tumi set up Acacias fr All in Tunisia?
A.T create jb pprtunities fr yung peple.
B．T help the children btain a basic educatin.
C．T persuade the farmers nt t use fertilizers.
D.T facilitate the prtectin f their farmland.
答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。根据第四段中“In 2012, Tumi cnslidated her her sustainable farming philsphy int actin”可知，2012年，Tumi巩固了她对抗沙漠的梦想，她搬到突尼斯，创立Acacias fr All是为了将自己的可持续农业理念付诸行动，目的是促进农田保护。故D项正确。
8．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Saving Water in Tunisia
B．Planting Trees f Native Species
C．Hlding back the Sahara
D．Fighting Pverty in Nrth Africa
答案与解析：C 理解文章主旨要义。首段介绍Tumi陪同父亲到了突尼斯，帮助他人的热情被唤醒了。根据第二段中“I wanted t stp the Sahara Desert in its tracks”可知，Tumi想试图阻止撒哈拉沙漠的继续恶化，接下来就开始介绍Tumi搬到突尼斯，并创立Acacias fr All，想通过种植植物来保护当地农田，并且取得初步成效。故C选项“Hlding back the Sahara”最适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Sculpture is an imprtant art frm t highlight a cuntry's natinal spirit. Chinese sculpture masterpieces __1__ parts f Chinese histry fr future generatins t learn, and since they're __2__ art，they display vividly traditinal Chinese culture.
I have been __3__ my range f sculpture creatins t make them mre diverse, while als making use f __4__ advantages f sculptures t have the Chinese __5__ heard. Fr example, I emplyed the universal image f the bridge t create the sculpture “ Glden Bridge n Silk Rad”， and __6__ it with the Belt and Rad Initiative. The __7__ I chse fr my wrk was the Zhazhu Bridge built 1，400 years ag. This sculpture has served as a __8__ thing fr sme f the imprtant __9__ activities in China as it represents ne aspect f ur natinal spirit. It's helped __10__ the appeal f Chinese culture t present freigners. __11__， I als made “Bat f Fate” t interpret the idea f the Chinese __12__ “peple in the same bat shuld help each ther”．
Rich traditinal Chinese culture __13__ the practices f the new age has prvided __14__ surces fr art creatin—there's n way we lack inspiratin. T prmte the creative develpment f Chinese culture, art will surely d its __15__.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者一直在扩大自己的雕塑创作范围，让世界听到中国的声音。
1．A.recrd B．mentin
C．affect D．evaluate
答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“fr future generatins t learn”可知，中国雕塑杰作记录了(recrd)中国历史的一部分，以让后人了解学习。mentin“提到”；affect“影响”；evaluate“评价，评估”。
2．A.creative B. visual
C．riginal D．ppular
答案与解析：B 考查形容词词义辨析。由下文中的“display vividly”可知，由于是视觉艺术，中国雕塑杰作生动地展示了中国传统文化。creative“有创造力的”；visual“视力的，视觉的”；riginal“独创的，起初的”。
3．A.adjusting B. determining
C．grasping D．expanding
答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“t make them mre diverse”可知，作者一直在扩大自己的雕塑创作范围。adjust“调整”；determine“查明，确定”；grasp“理解”；expand“扩大”。
4．A.educatinal B. academic
C．artistic D．plitical
答案与解析：C 考查形容词词义辨析。雕塑是一种艺术，根据常识可知，作者同时也在利用雕塑的艺术优势。academic“学术的”；artistic“艺术的”；plitical“政治的”。
5．A.music B．vice
C．language D．tune
答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文内容，尤其是空后的“heard”可知，此处表示让中国声音(即态度、意见)被听到。vice“意见，态度，心声”。
6．A.equipped B. cmpared
C．cmbined D．replaced
答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。结合语境和雕塑名字可知，作者在创作雕塑《丝路金桥》时，利用了桥的通用形象，并将其与“一带一路”倡议相结合。equip“配备，装备”；cmpare“比较”；cmbine“结合”；replace“替代”。
7．A.appearance B．mdel
C．theme D．title
答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。前面提到作者创作雕塑《丝路金桥》时利用了桥的通用形象，再结合下文中的“the Zhazhu Bridge built 1，400 years ag”可知，作者选择以1 400年前建造的赵州桥为模型。appearance“外观”；mdel“模型”；theme“主题”；title“标题”。
8．A.grand B. ceremnial
C．histrical D．symblic
答案与解析：D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文中的“as it represents ne aspect f ur natinal spirit”可知，这座雕塑曾作为在中国举办的一些重要国际活动的标志性景观。grand“宏伟的”；ceremnial“礼仪的，礼节的”；histrical“(有关)历史的”；symblic“使用象征的，作为象征的，象征性的”。
9．A.internatinal B. natinwide
C．recreatinal D．citywide
答案与解析：A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文中的“it represents freigners”可知，此处应指在中国举办的一些重要国际(internatinal)活动。natinwide“全国性的，遍及全国的”；recreatinal“娱乐的，消遣的”；citywide“全市性的”。
10．A.teach B. we
C．ffer D．exhibit
答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“the appeal f Chinese culture t present freigners”可知，这座雕塑展示了中国文化的魅力。exhibit“表现，显示”。
11．A.Cnsequently B. Eventually
C．Additinally D．Frequently
答案与解析：C 考查副词词义辨析。上文提到作者创作了《丝路金桥》，下文提到作者还创作了《命运之舟》。因此此处表示“此外”。cnsequently“结果，因此”；eventually“最终”；additinally“此外，另外”；frequently“频繁地”。
12．A.character B. tale
C．custm D．idim
答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文中的“peple in the same bat shuld help each ther”可知，作者还创作了雕塑《命运之舟》，以诠释中国成语“同舟共济”的思想。character“角色，性格”；tale“故事，讲述”，custm“习惯，风俗”；idim“成语，习语”。
13．A.fcused n B. cupled with
C．based n D．filled with
答案与解析：B 考查动词短语词义辨析。根据全文阐述，尤其是下文中的“there's n way we lack inspiratin”可知，丰富的中国传统文化加上新时代的实践，为艺术创作提供了取之不尽的资源。be fcused n“关注……”；be cupled with“加上……”；be based n“以……为基础”；be filled with“充满……”。
14．A.literary B. renewable
C．limitless D．independent
答案与解析：C 考查形容词词义辨析。参见上题解析。literary“文学的”；renewable“可更新的，可恢复的”；limitless“无穷无尽的”；independent“独立的”。
15．A.part B．wrk
C．service D．research
答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。此处表示要推动中国文化的创新发展，艺术一定会尽自己的一份力量。d ne's part“尽自己的职责”。
黄金考点
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考点40
非谓语动词与谓语动词
考例
Everyne was silent, ________ (wait) t see wh wuld be called t read his r her paragraph alud.
点拨
主句中已经有谓语was，故可知此处应用非谓语动词。主语Everyne与wait之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用wait的­ing形式waiting。
考点41
介词后用动词­ing形式作宾语
考例
My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by ________ (sell) the fish.
点拨
介词by后应接动词­ing形式作宾语，故应用sell的­ing形式selling。