2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习7单句语法填空+阅读理解（附解析）

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习7单句语法填空+阅读理解（附解析），共5页。
答案与解析：included 句意为：目前，包括北京、上海、广州和深圳在内的50个城市正在使用5G服务。include意为“包括，包含”，在此应用非谓语动词形式，include与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填included。
2．[2024·安徽师大附中期中]Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever－increasing ppulatins, greatly ________ (reduce) waterfwl habitat.
答案与解析：reducing 句意为：数百万英亩的湿地被抽干，以为不断增加的人口提供食物和住所，结果大大减少了水禽的栖息地。reduce与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，此处应用现在分词形式作结果状语，故填reducing。
3．[2024·辽宁大连双基测试]The Chinese peple have the custm f sticking up pictures ________ (celebrate) the traditinal Spring Festival.
答案与解析：t celebrate 句意为：中国人有贴年画来庆祝传统春节的习俗。分析句子成分可知，________ the traditinal Spring Festival充当目的状语，空处应用动词不定式。故填t celebrate。
4．[2024·山东烟台学业水平诊断]________ (build) in the Sng Dynasty, the twn ffers pleasant views and landscapes f ancient China, characterized by picturesque canals crssed by arch bridges and whitewashed huses that verlk the water.
答案与解析：Built 句意为：建于宋朝的古镇提供了美丽的古代中国景观，以有拱桥横跨的如画般的运河和俯瞰水面的粉刷成白色的房屋为特色。分析句子结构可知， build在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语twn之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词形式。空处位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Built。
5．Life is like riding a bicycle. ________ (keep) yur balance, yu must keep mving.
答案与解析：T keep 生活就像骑自行车。想要保持平衡，你必须不断前行。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式表目的。
6．Children abve 16 are encuraged t take part in these utdr recreatinal and sprts activities specially ________ (design) fr them.
答案与解析：designed 我们鼓励十六岁以上的孩子参加这些专为他们设计的户外文体活动。design与activities之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用designed作后置定语。
7．Mre than 2 millin freign turists are expected t visit the US by the end f the year, ________ (cntribute) a lt t the US ecnmy.
答案与解析：cntributing 根据句意可知，逗号后的内容是逗号前的内容的一种自然结果，cntribute与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式作结果状语。
8．Drivers are nt the nly nes ________ (blame) fr the irrespnsibility that accunts fr many f the autmbile accidents.
答案与解析：t blame 此处为(be) t blame (fr sth.)结构，表示“该(因……)受责备，应(为……)承担责任”。
9．Many peple think any gvernment's wrk shuld be evaluated ________ (base) n citizens' happiness level.
答案与解析：based 很多人认为政府的任何工作都应该以市民的幸福水平为基础来评价。________ n citizens' happiness level在句中作方式状语，base和gvernment's wrk为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。
10．Guests ________ (invite) t this internatinal meeting are mainly schlars, pliticians, and representatives f internatinal rganizatins.
答案与解析：invited 受邀参加这次国际会议的宾客主要是学者、从政者和国际组织代表。分析句子结构可知，Guests与invite之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填invited。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Is cmprehensin the same whether a persn reads a text nscreen r n paper? And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material? The answers t bth questins are ften “n”. The reasns relate t a variety f factrs, including reduced cncentratin, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency t multitask while cnsuming digital cntent.
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it's n paper than nscreen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding. The benefits f print reading particularly shine__thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—t nes that require mental abstractin—such as drawing inferences frm a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related t paper's physical prperties. With paper, there is a literal laying n f hands, alng with the visual gegraphy f distinct pages. Peple ften link their memry f what they've read t hw far int the bk it was r where it was n the page.
But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假说)”. Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies—say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn. Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn't assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
语篇类型：议论文 主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——学习媒介的选择
【语篇解读】 本文探讨了有纸化学习与无纸化学习的区别，并提出用纸质书籍更容易让人投入、专心学，而电子书籍更容易使人分心，故阅读印刷品比阅读电子书籍记得更多。
1．What des the underlined phrase “shine thrugh” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Seem unlikely t last.
B．Seem hard t explain.
C．Becme ready t use.
D．Becme easy t ntice.
答案与解析：D 理解词汇。根据本段第一句谈到当阅读几百字或更多字的文本时，有纸化学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功，接着谈到大量的研究证实了这一发现。故画线短语所在部分应该是指从提出简单的任务转向需要抽象思维的任务时，这种有纸化阅读的好处尤其明显，也就是说很容易被注意到，答案为D。
2．What des the shallwing hypthesis assume?
A．Readers treat digital texts lightly.
B．Digital texts are simpler t understand.
C．Peple select digital texts randmly.
D．Digital texts are suitable fr scial media.
答案与解析：A 理解具体信息。根据题干中的shallwing hypthesis可以将答案定位在第四段中。根据第四段中的“which are ften nt s serius”以及“devte less mental effrt”可知，在对待电子文本的时候，读者通常不是很严肃，同时比阅读纸质文本时投入的精力要少，即读者对电子文本不是很重视，答案为A。
3．Why are audi and vide increasingly used by university teachers?
A．They can hld students' attentin.
B．They are mre cnvenient t prepare.
C．They help develp advanced skills.
D．They are mre infrmative than text.
答案与解析：A 理解具体信息。根据题干可将解题信息定位在第五段。本段第一句谈到音频和视频比文字更吸引人，所以大学教师越来越多地改用这些技术，故选A。
4．What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A.Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B.Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C．Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D．Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
答案与解析：C 推断。根据最后一段首先谈到电子文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，特别是在提供纸质文本无法提供的资源时。“Hwever”后提到为了最大限度地进行需要集中注意力和反思的学习，教育者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的词汇。这与倒数第二段最后一句中的信息意思一致：当成年人阅读新闻故事时，他们比听或看相同的片段能记住更多内容，也就是说有纸化学习在教育中是不能完全被取代的，答案为C。A项“学生们应该应用多种学习技巧”；B项“教师应制作自己的教材”；C项“纸质文本在教育中是不能完全被取代的”；D项“课堂外的教育不容忽视”。
B
In his 1936 wrk Hw t Win Friends and Influence Peple, Dale Carnegie wrte: “I have cme t the cnclusin that there is nly ne way t get the best f an argument—and that is t avid it.” This distaste fr arguments is cmmn, but it depends n a mistaken view f arguments that causes prblems fr ur persnal and scial lives—and in many ways misses the pint f arguing in the first place.
Carnegie wuld be right if arguments were fights, which is hw we ften think f them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave bth sides bldied. Even when yu win, yu end up n better ff. Yu wuld be feeling almst as bad if arguments were even just cmpetitins—like, say, tennis turnaments. Pairs f ppnents hit the ball back and frth until ne winner cmes ut frm all wh entered. Everybdy else lses. This kind f thinking explains why s many peple try t avid arguments.
Hwever, there are ways t win an argument every time. When yu state yur psitin, frmulate (阐述) an argument fr what yu claim and hnestly ask yurself whether yur argument is any gd. When yu talk with smene wh takes a stand, ask them t give yu a reasn fr their view and spell__ut their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise bjectins (异议) and listen carefully t their replies. This methd will require effrt, but practice will make yu better at it.
These tls can help yu win every argument—nt in the unhelpful sense f beating yur ppnents but in the better sense f learning abut what divides peple, learning why they disagree with us and learning t talk and wrk tgether with them. If we readjust ur view f arguments—frm a verbal fight r tennis game t a reasned exchange thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther—then we change the very nature f what it means t “win” an argument.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。
5．What is the authr's attitude tward Carnegie's understanding f argument?
A．Critical. B．Supprtive.
C．Tlerant. D．Uncertain.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“This distaste fr arguments is cmmn, but it depends n a mistaken view f arguments that causes prblems fr ur persnal and scial lives—and in many ways misses the pint f arguing in the first place.(这种对争论的厌恶是很普遍的，但它取决于对争论的错误看法，这种观点会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了争论的意义。)”可知，作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度，故选A。
6．Why d many peple try t avid arguments?
A．They lack debating skills.
B．They may feel bad even if they win.
C．They fear being ignred.
D．They are nt cnfident in themselves.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave bth sides bldied. Even when yu win, yu end up n better ff. Yu wuld be feeling almst as bad if arguments were even just cmpetitins—like, say, tennis turnaments.(和身体上的打斗一样，言语上的打斗也会两败俱伤。即使你赢了，你最终也不会变得更好。如果争论只是一场比赛，比如网球比赛，你也会感觉很糟糕。)”可知， 很多人尽量避免争论，是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕，故选B。
7．What des the underlined phrase “spell ut” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Defend. B．Explain.
C．Cnclude. D．Repeat.
答案与解析：B 词句猜测题。根据画线短语所在句“ask them t give yu a reasn fr their view”可知，让他们为自己的观点提供依据，即让他们充分阐明他们的观点，spell ut意为“解释明白，讲清楚”，故选B。
8．What is the key t “winning” an argument accrding t the authr?
A．Sense f lgic.
B．Slid supprting evidence.
C．Prper manners.
D．Understanding frm bth sides.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust ur view f arguments—frm a verbal fight r tennis game t a reasned exchange thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther—then we change the very nature f what it means t ‘win’ an argument.(如果我们重新调整我们对争论的看法——从一场口水战或网球比赛转变为一种理性的交流，通过这种交流，我们都能获得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我们就改变了‘赢得’争论的本质。)”可知，作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解，故选D。
黄金考点
语法填空——名词
2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，C
议论文
333词
★★☆☆☆
2024·九省联考
议论文
288词
★★★☆☆
考点12
名词作介词宾语
考例
Filled with ________ (curius), the artist packed his bags and left.
点拨
填curisity，充当介词with的宾语。
考点13
名词作表语
考例
Chinese New Year is a ________ (celebrate) marking the end f the winter seasn and the beginning f the spring.
点拨
中国新年是一个标志着冬季结束和春季开始的庆祝活动。空前的冠词a是名词作表语的标志，故填celebratin。