高中英语2025届高考语法复习冠词知识讲解

这是一份高中英语2025届高考语法复习冠词知识讲解，共3页。学案主要包含了不定冠词的主要用法，定冠词的主要用法，不用冠词的情况，冠词的位置，有无冠词意义不同的短语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、不定冠词的主要用法
二、定冠词的主要用法
三、不用冠词的情况
注意：
turn后作表语的名词前有修饰语时通常需要用冠词，表示相同意义的becme后作表语的名词前需要用冠词。
四、冠词的位置
五、有无冠词意义不同的短语
形式
用法
例句
A/an+可数名词单数
表示数量“一”
A thusand peple were there.
泛指任意一个人或事物
A girl is waiting fr yu at the schl gate.
表示一类人或事物
A dg is faithful animal.
A/an+表示人名的专有名词
表示“一个叫...的人”或“...式的人物”
I want t be a Xu Beihng when I grw up.
A/an+修饰语+表示季节、月份、日期、星期、三餐等的名词
泛指某个不确定的时间、“一顿...的饭”等
The earthquake brke ut in a July in last century.
I had a big lunch yesterday.
A/an+已转化为可数名词的抽象名词/物质名词
表示具体的人或事物、引起人们某种情绪的人或事物或表示“一...”之意
As a writer, she is a success, but as a teacher, she is a failure.
There was a heavy snw yesterday.
A/an+序数词
表示“另一，又一”
Yu can try a secnd time if yu fail.
A/an+单位名词（重量、长度、时间等）
表示“每一...”
Mst wrkers get paid nce a mnth.
A/an+形容词最高级+可数名词单数
表示“一个很/非常...的...”
Thank yu fr a nicest weekend.
形式
用法
例句
The+名词
上文提到过的或大家已知的、熟悉的、特定的人或物
I bught a TV and a mbile phne last Saturday, but there is smething wrng with the TV.
Clse the windws befre yu leave the lab.
The+由普通名词构成的专有名词或表示宇宙间独一无二的事物的名词
这些专有名词主要是公共建筑物、民族、阶级、党派或组织机构等
He wh has never been t the Great Wall is nt a true man.
My sister jined the Party last year.
动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位
表示接受外来动作
My teacher patted me n the shulder.
The+可数名词单数
指某类人或事物
The tiger is the king f the beasts.
The new is t take the place f the ld.
He fired me, but sn he was amng the unemplyed.
The+形容词
The+姓氏复数
指一家人或夫妇俩
The Jhnsns have lived here fr twenty years.
The+形容词或副词最高级
表示最高级意义
This set f furniture is the least expensive here.
I run (the) fastest in my class.
The+表示被演奏的西洋乐器
表示演奏乐器
The little by can play the pian very well.
用法
例句
名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格时
These children are lked after well.
My car is mre expensive than his.
I have sme questins t ask.
Bill’s camera is like mine.
抽象名词、物质名词、可数名词复数表示泛指概念时
Failure is the mther f success.
Man cannt live withut water.
We must tell friends frm enemies.
表示学科、语言、三餐、棋类、球类运动、季节、月份、星期、节日的名词前
I enjyed English, bilgy and chemistry.
We ften have breakfast at 7.00.
In spring, we ften g t fly kites.
We always g t my parents’ n Christmas Eve.
表示职位、头衔的名词用作表语、同位语或补足语时
The yung man is captain f this ship.
Mr Smith, head f the grup, will plan fr the trip.
We elected him principal f ur university.
表示交通方式的“by+名词”结构中的名词前
Fresh water was taken t the city by train, truck and plane.
两个名词指同一个人或物时，后面的名词前不用冠词
The teacher and writer has cme t the meeting.
作“人类”讲的man与作“消息”讲的wrd前
This is ne f the wrst diseases knwn t man.
Wrd came that ur team wn the game.
系动词turn后作表语的名词前
Upn graduatin, my cusin turned clerk in a bank.
位置
例句
在,t...(t...)和结构中，不定冠词置于as/t/s修饰的形容词之后
She’s as beautiful a girl as yu can imagine.
I’m afraid it’s t heavy a lad fr such a by f ten.
It’s s interesting a film that we all want t see it again.
在结构中，不定冠词一般置于such之后，形容词之前
He has never written such an interesting bk as that.
what引导的感叹句中，不定冠词置于what后
What a splendid perfrmance yu gave us!
hw引导的感叹句中，不定冠词置于hw修饰的形容词后
Hw timely a rain we’ve gt in such a dry seasn!
名词前有all,bth,duble,twice等词时，定冠词置于这类词之后
All the students in the class went ut.
Bth the twins are fnd f music.
用法
例词
很多情况下，名词前有无冠词意义有很大的区别
At schl上学，at the schl在学校
By day白天，by the day按日计算
In hspital住院，in the hspital在医院
In ffice执政，in the ffice在办公室内
Leave schl辍学，leave the schl离开学校
Live n farm务农，live n the farm住在农场
In charge f掌管，in the charge f在...掌管之中
In place f取代，in the place f在...的位置上
Out f questin毫无疑问，ut f the questin不可能
G t bed上床睡觉，g t the bed朝床边走去
G t church做礼拜，g t the church去教堂
Tw f us我们中的两个，the tw f us我们两个
In frnt f在...（外部）的前面，in the frnt f在...（内部）的前部