[英语][期末]北京市西城区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题

这是一份[英语][期末]北京市西城区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题，共10页。试卷主要包含了填写答题卡的内容用2B铅笔填写，提前 xx 分钟收取答题卡等内容，欢迎下载使用。

考试时间：分钟 满分：分
姓名：____________ 班级：____________ 学号：____________
*注意事项：
1、填写答题卡的内容用2B铅笔填写
2、提前 xx 分钟收取答题卡
第Ⅰ卷 客观题
第Ⅰ卷的注释
一、单项填空（共10分，每题1分）(共10题；共10分)
1. Mrs. Smith has tw kids and she ften plays tennis with ____ n Sundays.
A . him B . them C . yu D . her
2. During the winter hliday, my family traveled t Hainan ____ plane.
A . in B . n C . by D . t
3. Betty and Lily ____ friends since they were 13 years ld.
A . were B . are C . have been D . will be
4. — Dad, this black shirt ____ very sft. Wuld yu like t try it n? — N, thanks. I prefer light clrs.
A . tastes B . sunds C . smells D . feels
5. —Tim, yu need t g nw, ____ yu will be late fr class. —OK, mm. I'm leaving nw.
A . r B . but C . and D . s
6. —____ d yu ck fr yur family? — Abut twice a week.
A . Hw lng B . Hw much C . Hw ften D . Hw many
7. I refuse ____ all the fried fd because I want t keep fit.
A . eat B . t eat C . eating D . ate
8. —Sam, yu ____ the table yet. It's all messy! —Srry, I'll d it immediately.
A . haven't cleared B . weren't clearing
C . wn't clear D . dn't clear
9. It ____ the writer several mnths t finish the bk Red Star Over China in the 1930s.
A . takes B . will take C . has taken D . tk
10. —D yu knw ____? —Next Sunday mrning.
A . when will we visit the Science Museum
B . when we will visit the Science Museum
C . when did we visit the Science Museum
D . when we visited the Science Museum
第Ⅱ卷 主观题
第Ⅱ卷的注释
二、完形填空（共10分，每题1分）(共1题；共10分)
完形填空
Sam and his family were spending their hliday at the seaside. When Sam and his grandma std n the beach watching the sunrise, a perfect shell 11 ashre (上岸). Sam quickly picked it up and turned it ver. Inside, the shell was as pink as a rabbit's ear!
"It is a gift frm the sea," said Grandma, "Take gd care f it."" I will," said Sam.
Sam 12 shwed his treasure t his family. His parents lved it, but his brther Vikram thught it was nthing special.
The next day, Sam 13 the shell n the shelf in their cttage (小屋) and then went with his family t the bardwalk. Vikram didn't g with them, because he was busy taking pictures.
At the bardwalk, Sam saw shells n sale, but nne were as 14 as his. Back at the cttage, he ran t his rm t admire (欣赏) the shell. But it was gne!
"Dad, where is my shell?" Sam cried.
"Where did yu put it?" Dad asked.
"I put it n the shelf but it's nt there!" answered Sam. Then smething caught his Vikram's bed. "Vikram tk it," he said.
"I did nt!" shuted Vikram. "I was taking pictures at the beach. Wh cares abut yur 15 shell?"
Sam didn't say a wrd but quietly hid the shell under his clthes in a drawer. He checked n his 16 twice befre everyne went t the beach fr the last time.
That afternn, Sam and his family packed (收拾行李) t g hme. Sam pened his drawer nly t find his shell gne again.
During dinner, Sam 17 his family. He thught smene was hiding his shell. Wh? And why?
Suddenly, his missing shell walked int the rm. "Lk!" said Sam, pinting.
Everyne lked. The shell that was pink inside nw had 18 that raced fr the dr. It turned ut t be a hermit crab. Everyne was amazed. Sam ran ver and picked it up. "I'll call yu Sandy," said Sam. "Yu can live at my huse."
"He already has a hme," said Grandma.
Sam 19 hw his shell had washed up frm the cean. That was Sandy's real hme. That was where he wanted t be.
" Grandma, will yu cme t the beach with me again? I have t 20 a gift." Grandma smiled.
11. A . drve B . swam C . washed D . pinted
12. A . prudly B . shyly C . secretly D . plitely
13. A . fund B . left C . lst D . threw
14. A . special B . big C . clean D . strng
15. A . perfect B . valuable C . dangerus D . bring
16. A . shelf B . treasure C . surprise D . picture
17. A . expected B . nticed C . believed D . studied
18. A . legs B . hands C . ears D . eyes
19. A . regretted B . imagined C . remembered D . discvered
20. A . send B . receive C . ffer D . return
三、阅读选择（共22分，每题2分）(共9题；共22分)
阅读理解
阅读理解
There is a busy street crner beside a bus statin where kids change buses ging t and frm schl. It's nt a pretty place. There's nisy traffic and the nearby buildings are gray and unlved. Hwever, it has a patch (小块地) f beauty—a small garden called Pete's Patch.
Pete is ne f the kids wh wait here t change buses fr nine minutes each day. In the past, it wasn't a fun r pleasant place. There was nwhere nice t walk and the patch next t the statin was littered with trash (垃圾). Pete had n chice because this was the nly way.
He felt like he was wasting his life away. There was nthing t lk at, nthing t keep him busy, and hanging arund like that each day drve him mad. He knew he culdn't d anything t change the bus cmpany's timetable, but he culd make the nine minutes mre enjyable fr himself and thers.
He asked his mm fr sme trash bags. That week, he filled his nine minutes each day by picking up the trash. On the weekend, he asked his dad t drive dwn and take the trash bags t the dump (垃圾场). On Mnday mrning, the patch lked s much cleaner and nicer.
Then next week, Pete began t pull weeds (杂草). One f his friends came t help. Sn the patch was lking gd, but sme dirty wrds n the walls f the bus statin were really making him angry.
Pete had an idea. He painted a mural (壁画) t cver the dirty wrds. When he started t wrk, mre f his schl friends jined him each day.
Nw Pete and his friends are prud f that patch, and they sure aren't ging t let anyne mess it up. They have even planted sme fresh flwers. While waiting fr their next bus, they walk thrugh the patch and cllect trash.
One Mnday, hwever, as he rde the bus t schl, Pete lked, as usual, tward the patch. T his surprise, there was a sign n it. His friends had painted it. It read: Pete's Patch.
24. Why wasn't the area arund the bus statin a pleasant place?
A . Because there were t many peple.
B . Because the flwers weren't pretty.
C . Because the walls weren't clrful.
D . Because there was a lt f trash.
25. What did Pete d t make the patch lk nicer?
A . He pulled weeds with his friend.
B . He planted flwers with his mm.
C . He changed the bus cmpany's timetable.
D . He tk a picture f the bus statin's walls.
26. Which wrds can best describe Pete?
A . Hardwrking and shy. B . Humrus and smart.
C . Helpful and creative. D . Plite and brave.
27. What des the stry tell us?
A . Time flies but memries last frever.
B . Gd friends stick tgether like glue.
C . Parents shuld always help their kids.
D . A little actin makes the wrld better.
阅读理解
Research shws that the discvery f explanets (planets utside ur slar system) has changed science fictin (小说). Nw, bks and mvies present these planets mre exactly, making science fictin mre imprtant than befre.
Imagine learning abut stars in a classrm. Yu culd start with cmplex (复杂的) pictures and facts, r yu culd watch the mvie Star Wars where Luke Skywalker sees tw suns frm his hme planet, Tatine. Which will mre easily awaken the interest f a sleepy high schl class?
Science fictin has always caught ur attentin and it has inspired (激励) scientists t g fr their dreams. Fr this reasn, it is smetimes used t cmmunicate science t the public, even cmplex ideas. T be sure that this is a useful way, it is necessary t understand hw science fictin shws actual science.
Emma Jhanna Puranen and her team frm the University f St Andrews and the Austrian Academy f Sciences did sme research, studying a lt f science fictin wrks, including nvels, mvies, TV shws, pdcasts, and vide games t see hw science fictin reflects (反映) real scientific discveries abut explanets. "Mst stries that are set in space will finally have a scene (场景) n an explanet," explains Puranen. "The reasn fr using explanets is that there was a huge change in ur scientific understanding in 1995 when the first explanet arund a sun-like star was discvered."
"Traditinally in science fictin, mstly there have been Earth-like planets," explains Puranen. "But what has changed since the discvery f real explanets is that the fictinal explanets have actually becme a bit less Earth-like."
Accrding t real science, many explanets are very different frm Earth and ften nt in the "Gldilcks zne", where cnditins are friendlier t life as we knw it. "I can guess that maybe writers f science fictin are reading all these headlines abut wrlds that are cvered in lava r where it's raining diamnds, which yu see in the media," says Puranen.
Science fictin, in a way, reflects the knwledge and discveries f its time. This makes it a valuable tl fr science cmmunicatin. It can intrduce peple t new scientific ideas in an interesting and understandable way.
This research highlights the cnnectin between scientific discveries and creativity. While explring the universe, science fictin can develp curisity (好奇心) and make further research pssible, making the subject f explanets an imprtant example f hw science and imaginatin imprve each ther.
28. The writer mentined the mvie Star Wars t ____.
A . explain what an explanet is like in a humrus way
B . present the result f the latest research abut explanets
C . shw an interesting way f sharing science with everyne
D . intrduce a ppular scientific mvie by a famus directr
29. Hw has science fictin changed after the discvery f the first explanet?
A . It gives mre attentin t Earth.
B . It describes the Earth differently.
C . Science fictin has lst interest in explaining explanets.
D . Explanets in science fictin have becme less Earth-like.
30. The wrds " Gldilcks zne" in Paragraph 6 mst prbably mean ____.
A . a space fund n an explanet
B . an imprtant part f ur slar system
C . an area which is gd fr scientific activities
D . a place that prvides living envirnment fr life
31. The writer prbably agrees that ____.
A . science fictin has played an active part in cmmunicating science
B . scientific discveries have slwed the develpment f imaginatin
C . science fictin has becme less ppular because f scientific discveries
D . new scientific discveries have made science fictin easier t understand
四、阅读表达（共10分）(共4题；共10分)
阅读表达
Did yu knw tmat ketchup, the mst ppular sauce (酱), was invented in China? It dates back thusands f years. Peple living alng the casts and rivers f suthern China began t make the first ketchup by salting and fermenting (发酵) fish and shrimp. At first, this early ketchup was knwn nly in suthern China. After arund 200 B．C． (Han Dynasty), the fish sauce became ppular in the whle cuntry, especially in a place called Fujian. There, the sauce gt the name ketchup, which means fish sauce in Hkkien, the language f suthern Fujian. Later, peple frm Fujian began t travel t places like Indnesia, where they built factries fr making traditinal Chinese sauces like ketchup—and that's where the British first discvered it.
In the early 1600s, British sailrs wh were traveling t Indnesia began t develp a taste fr ketchup. Their fd n ships was bring, and ketchup made it taste better. Befre lng, they brught lts f ketchup hme. But it was expensive, s the British started trying t make their wn. A Lndn ckbk frm 1742 had a ketchup recipe (配方) with beer, fish, mushrms, and spices.
It was in the mid-1800s that the British started using tmates in ketchup. This was different frm the fishy ketchup. Since tmates went bad fast, the cmpany, Heinz, began t use vinegar (醋) in ketchup t make sure it culd be stred fr a lng time.
In the late 1800s, ketchup prductin and ppularity began t rise in America. S, the makers in America increased ketchup prductin, creating recipes t satisfy Americans' taste. It was a bit sweeter and thicker than British ketchup. By arund 1910, ketchup began t lk like the ketchup we put n McDnald's fries tday.
Hwever, there are als sme differences between the ketchup f 1910 and tday. In tday's ketchup, crn syrup (玉米糖浆) is used, nt sugar. What's mre, t meet peple's needs fr a healthy lifestyle, sme cmpanies als make healthier nes withut sugar.
Frm a fishy sauce in ancient Asia t a "ges-great-with-everything" sauce, ketchup has a lng histry full f changes.
32. Wh made the first ketchup?____________________
33. Why did British sailrs like ketchup? ____________________
34. When did ketchup begin t lk like the ne we eat tday? ____________________
35. Frm a fishy sauce t tday's ketchup, what are the reasns fr changing the ketchup recipe? (At least 3 reasns) ____________________
五、根据中文意思和英文提示词语写出句子。（共8分，每题2分）(共4题；共8分)
36. 旅行之前做好准备很重要。（get ready）（汉译英）
37. 老师总是鼓励我们参加课后活动。(after-class activities)（汉译英）
38. 到目前为止，《猫和老鼠》（Tm & Jerry）已经流行八十多年了。（s far）（汉译英）
39. 好朋友不仅能分享你的快乐，还能帮你解决问题。（nt als...）（汉译英）
六、文段表达（10分）(共1题；共10分)
40. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于40词的文段写作。所给提示词语仅供选用。
在我们的人生旅程中，"做更好的自己"是一个永恒的主题：从学习新技能到发展爱好，从建立友谊到学会担当，都是不断克服困难、自我提升的过程。
假如你是李华，学校英文网站正在开展以"Be a better me"为题目的征文活动。请你向网站投稿，分享一次经历。
内容包括：什么使你成为了更好的自己，你经历了什么，你从中收获了什么。
提示词语：cnfident，experience，nervus，grw，imprve。
提示问题：1. What made yu "a better yu"?2. What happened?3. What have yu learned frm it?
Be a better me
七、选做题（共10分）(共3题；共10分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Hw t Wrk n Yur Self-esteem (自尊心)
At abut six years ld, my mum was brushing my hair ne mrning befre schl when I asked her a questin. "Am I ugly?" I asked, lking at her and my reflectin in the mirrr befre me. She said n, and asked me where this questin was cming frm. I tld her a by in my class had called me ugly n the playgrund.
That was the first time I remember feeling bad abut myself. But that was just the beginning f a very lng and trubled relatinship with myself. That by n the playgrund was fr frm the last persn t call me ugly. He was certainly nt the last persn t make me questin my sense f self. I knw I'm nt alne in feeling this way, and yu might have a similar stry abut the first time yu ever wndered alud r quietly whether r nt yu were "ugly", whether yu were "nt smart", r whether yu were a "bad persn". S here are sme tips (建议) t anyne wh has ever wndered what t d abut lng-lasting lw self-esteem.
Challenge yur negative thughts
Negative (负面的) thughts can make yu believe that many f the terrible things yu've thught abut yurself are true. Every time yu think r say smething negative abut yurself challenge it by telling yurself f smething yu did well r succeeded in.
Yu shuldn't believe everything yu think. If yu ften find yurself expecting the wrst, yu might frm a way f thinking that isn't quite right. Researchers suggest paying attentin t yur way f thinking, and thinking it ver again if yu ntice yu're ften t hard n yurself.
Keep an achievements jurnal
Every day, write dwn the things yu did well r achieved that day in yur jurnal. This culd be anything frm finishing a task at wrkplace t making yur wn lunch— whatever yu feel prud f.
Yu can als use the jurnal t keep track (追踪) f different feelings yu're experiencing, finally steering (引导) it back t sme psitives. Yu can write dwn a few things yu like abut yurself as well. It may feel strange at first, but yu'll feel mre cmfrtable when yu practise it mre.
Avid cmparing yurself t thers
It's really hard t avid cmparing yurself t thers—especially if yu spend much time n scial media. If yu' re wrried abut scial media's influence n yur self-esteem, unfllw what makes yu feel bad abut yurself.
Yu shuld tell yurself that life isn't a cmpetitin. Every persn is valuable and has his wn successes and failings. The nly persn yu need t cmpare yurself t is yu.
41. Why did the writer feel bad abut herself fr the first time?
42. What des the writer suggest writing in a jurnal t deal with lw self-esteem?
43. ①Which tip d yu think is the easiest ne t fllw?
____________________
②Is the tip useful t peple with lng-lasting lw self-esteem? Why r why nt?
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21 I want t learn abut the great peple in human histry wh have explred (探索) the universe.
Tny
22 I enjy stries abut friendship and persnal grwth.
Betty
23 I am interested in music and lve reading stries abut musicians.
Lily
A ． SHOOT YOUR SHOTThis bk teaches yu abut the mst imprtant rules that the best basketball players use in their lives. It explains hw the rules can help yu get thrugh life and make yur dreams cme true.
B ． SPACE
Only 628 peple in the histry f humans have been t space. In this bk, an astrnaut named Tim Peake tells their stries. They are all brave and amazing peple wh have made it pssible fr us t g t space.
C ． LISTEN
Evelyn fell in lve with music the first time she heard it. She started playing the pian at the age f eight. Later, she began t lse her hearing, but Evelyn didn't give up. She discvered a new way t hear and made beautiful music.
D ． ROLLER GIRL
Astrid and Nicle are best friends. But things change when Astrid chses rller derby camp, and Nicle picks dance camp. This situatin tests their friendship. Luckily, by summer's end, they learn that true friends cheer each ther n while trying new activities.
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