[英语][期末]北京市顺义区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试试卷(解析版)

这是一份[英语][期末]北京市顺义区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试试卷(解析版)，共20页。试卷主要包含了语法填空，完形填空，阅读理解，选词填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适 当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题 卡指定区域作答。
A
语法填空
Li Renwei is ne f the mst excellent pian tuners (调音师) in China, and yet he has never nce seen a pian. Li Renwei ___1___ (be) blind since birth. His blindness has nt stpped him, thugh, frm earning his life and ffering the best service fr pian users with his sharp ears and clever hands. “Unlike thse wh knw the wrld with their eyes, I knw it thrugh ___2___ (listen) and tuching,” he says prqudly. When ___3___ (ask) hw he gt int pian wrk, he’ll reply happily, “It is ___4___ lng stry.”
【答案】1. has been 2. listening 3. asked 4. a
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国最优秀的盲人钢琴调音师之一——李任炜，他虽然从未见过钢琴，但却凭借敏锐的听觉和灵巧的双手为钢琴用户提供了最好的服务。
【1题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：李仁伟从出生起就失明了。提示词作谓语，是连系动词，结合时间状语since birth可知，描述从过去持续到现在的状态，应用现在完成时，又因主语Li Renwei是专有名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“与那些用眼睛了解世界的人不同，我是通过倾听和触摸来了解世界的，”他自豪地说。在介词thrugh后用动名词作宾语。故填listening。
【3题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及是如何从事钢琴调音工作时，他会高兴地回答：“这说来话长。” 在when, while, if, as if, thugh (或althugh), as, until, nce, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词；“When (ask) hw he gt int pian wrk”是条件状语从句，原句为“When he is asked hw he gt int pian wrk”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略he is后，应保留过去分词asked。故填asked。
【4题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。可数名词stry在句中表示“一个故事”，泛指，lng发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
B
语法填空
As a key pint n the Old Silk Rad, Lulan was an imprtant ld city in Nrthwest China, ___5___ the rad separated int nrthern and suthern lines, ging either way until they met again at its western end. Befre its sudden disappearance in the sixth century, bth traveling traders and turists ___6___ (depend)largely n Lulan t refill their bags f fd and water, lk fr a guide, r find mre camels (骆 驼) and hrses. Since then, ___7___ happened t Lulan has attracted bth travelers and adventurers all ver the wrld.
【答案】5. where 6. depended/had depended/had been depending 7. what
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于中国西北部的古城楼兰，作为古丝绸之路的关键节点，以及其突然消失后，对旅行者和探险家的吸引力。
【5题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：作为古丝绸之路上的一个关键点，楼兰是中国西北部的一个重要古城，在这里道路分为北线和南线，各自延伸直到在西端再次交汇。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词“an imprtant ld city”，且在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【6题详解】
考查时态。句意：在六世纪突然消失之前，旅行的商人和游客在很大程度上依赖楼兰来补充他们的食物和水袋，寻找向导，或者找到更多的骆驼和马匹。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据“Befre its sudden disappearance in the sixth century”可知，用一般过去时，或过去完成时态和过去完成进行时态，表示过去的过去发生的动作或过去之前发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间。故填depended/had depended/had been depending。
【7题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：从那时起，发生在楼兰身上的事情吸引了全世界的旅行者和探险家。空处引导主语从句，主语从句中缺少主语，表示“楼兰发生的事情”，所以用what引导。故填what。
C
语法填空
With the weather getting ht, bites ___8___ (cause) by msquites nt nly anny peple, but als can result in many terrible diseases. Even when peple wear lng clthes, they always find ___9___ very hard t avid msquites. It wuld be great if clthing culd be used t cmpletely prevent peple frm getting bitten. Researchers tested graphene, a material that is incredibly thin but___10___ (real) strng, in rder t find ut if it can be applied t make clthing fight against msquites.
【答案】8. caused 9. it 10. really
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员对石墨烯这种材料进行了测试，以确定它是否可以用于制造防蚊衣物。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着天气逐渐炎热，蚊虫叮咬不仅给人们带来烦恼，还可能引发许多可怕的疾病。句中有谓语，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词bites，动词cause和名词bites是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填caused。
【9题详解】
考查形式宾语。句意：即使人们穿着长衣服，也总是很难避开蚊子。find it+形容词+t d sth.是固定搭配，意为“发现做某事是……”，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，故填it。
【10题详解】
考查副词。句意：研究人员对石墨烯（一种非常薄但非常坚固的材料）进行了测试，以确定它是否可以用于制造防蚊衣物。此处应用副词really作状语，修饰形容词strng，故填really。
二、完形填空(共14小题;每小题1. 5分，共21分)
阅读短文，掌握其大意，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
I was sitting with my study grup when I received an email frm my landlrd (房东).
“Yur apartment has lst ____11____.”
This was my first winter in a nrthern city, and the damage an ice strm culd cause wasn’t smething I ____12____. With n Wi-Fi r heat, hw wuld I ck supper r finish my hmewrk fr schl?
“Yu can cme and stay with me.”
My classmate Carline’s vice cut thrugh my thughts. I ____13____ because I didn’t want t truble her. But she ____14____.
An hur later, sitting with a warm bwl f sup at her hme, I was ____15____ by her actin f preparing her wn rm fr me — we’ve just knwn each ther fr mnths.
As it tk sme time t ____16____ the prblem in my apartment, the time we spent tgether turned int a(n) ____17____ six days — marked by laughter and cnversatins.
We’d head t bed with the ____18____ f sleeping early nly fr ne f us t turn ver and say smething t the ther. Our night chatting always ____19____ fr hurs, frm ur dreams t ur lives.
During my stay, never nce did Carline ask hw much lnger I was ging t be at her place. Rather, she always tld me that I was _____20_____ t stay fr as lng as I needed. When my apartment finally had its electricity back, we were sad that ur stay tgether had cme t an end, but _____21_____ that we had made s many memries.
Carline’s _____22_____ shwed me hw much a friendly actin can mean t the persn yu help. It tuned my _____23_____ f having a difficult, lnely week int the happiness f building ur _____24_____ friendship and memries. I’ll remember that kindness when I see smene else in need.
11. A. prtectinB. privacyC. pwerD. furniture
12. A. caught up withB. brke away frmC. did well inD. gt used t
13. A. hesitatedB. laughedC. criticizedD. apprved
14. A. repliedB. insistedC. defendedD. assciated
15. A. cnnectedB. amazedC. inspiredD. amused
16. A. imagineB. bserveC. presentD. slve
17. A. magicalB. balancedC. extraD. frmal
18. A. impactB. wisdmC. intentinD. cncern
19. A. repeatedB. delayedC. lastedD. changed
20. A. welcmeB. frtunateC. impressiveD. imprtant
21. A. awkwardB. gratefulC. passinateD. cnfused
22. A. awarenessB. calmnessC. happinessD. kindness
23. A. curisityB. delightC. fearD. hurt
24. A. valuableB. cmpetitiveC. efficientD. cmplex
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一个北方城市的第一个冬天，由于冰暴导致公寓停电和失去网络，同学的友善帮助让作者感受到了温暖，两人的友情也因此更加深厚。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你的公寓停电了。”A. prtectin保护；B. privacy隐私；C. pwer电力；D. furniture家具。根据下文“With n Wi-Fi r heat”和“When my apartment finally had its electricity back”可推知，公寓停电了。故选C项。
【12题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是我在北方城市的第一个冬天，冰暴可能造成的破坏并不是我所习惯的。A. caught up with赶上；B. brke away frm脱离；C. did well in擅长；D. gt used t习惯。根据上文“This was my first winter in a nrthern city”可知，这是作者在北方城市的第一个冬天，所以冰暴可能造成的破坏并不是作者所习惯的事情。故选D项。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫了，因为我不想麻烦她。A. hesitated犹豫；B. laughed笑；C. criticized批评；D. apprved批准。根据下文“because I didn’t want t truble her”可知，作者不想麻烦同学，所以犹豫了。故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她坚持要这么做。A. replied回复；B. insisted坚持；C. defended辩护；D. assciated联系。根据上文“I because I didn’t want t truble her”和下文“An hur later, sitting with a warm bwl f sup at her hme”可知，尽管作者不想麻烦同学，但同学坚持要这么做，所以作者去了同学家，并喝上了热汤。故选B项。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，我坐在她家里，端着一碗热汤，惊讶地发现她为我准备了她自己的房间（给我用）——我们才认识几个月。A. cnnected连接；B. amazed使惊讶；C. inspired激励；D. amused使开心。根据下文“we’ve just knwn each ther fr mnths”可知，作者和同学才认识几个月，但同学却把自己的房间给作者用，这让作者很惊讶。故选B项。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我的公寓里的问题需要一些时间来解决，我们在一起的时间变成了令人愉快的六天——充满了笑声和交谈。A. imagine想象；B. bserve观察；C. present呈现；D. slve解决。根据上文“Yur apartment has lst pwer”和下文“the time we spent tgether turned int an six days”可知，公寓停电的问题需要一些时间来解决。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. magical奇妙的，令人愉快的；B. balanced平衡的；C. extra额外的；D. frmal正式的。根据下文“marked by laughter and cnversatins”可知，作者和同学在一起度过了愉快的六天。故选A项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们本想早睡，结果却是我们中的一个人转过身来对另一个人说话。A. impact影响；B. wisdm智慧；C. intentin意图，打算；D. cncern关心。根据下文“nly fr ne f us t turn ver and say smething t the ther”可知，作者和同学本想早睡，但却没有，结果是其中的一个人转过身来对另一个人说话，所以此处指的是“意图，打算”。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的夜间聊天总是持续几个小时，从我们的梦想聊到我们的生活。A. repeated重复；B. delayed推迟；C. lasted持续；D. changed改变。根据下文“fr hurs, frm ur dreams t ur lives”可知，作者和同学的夜间聊天总是持续几个小时，从梦想聊到生活。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，她总是告诉我，只要我需要，欢迎我留下来。A. welcme受欢迎的；B. frtunate幸运的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. imprtant重要的。根据上文“During my stay, never nce did Carline ask hw much lnger I was ging t be at her place”可知，在作者停留期间，同学从未问过作者要在她那里待多久，所以此处指的是“受欢迎的”。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我的公寓终于来电时，我们都很伤心，因为我们的相聚时光结束了，但我们也很感激，因为我们留下了这么多回忆。A. awkward尴尬的；B. grateful感激的；C. passinate热情的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据上文“we were sad that ur stay tgether had cme t an end”和下文“that we had made s many memries”可知，作者和同学都很伤心，因为相聚时光结束了，但她们也很感激，因为她们留下了这么多回忆。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡罗琳的善良向我展示了友好的行为对你帮助的人有多重要。A. awareness意识；B. calmness冷静；C. happiness幸福；D. kindness善良。根据下文“hw much a friendly actin can mean t the persn yu help”可知，此处指的是“善良”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它把我对度过一个困难而孤独的星期的恐惧，变成了建立我们宝贵的友谊和回忆的幸福。A. curisity好奇心；B. delight高兴；C. fear害怕；D. hurt伤害。根据下文“having a difficult, lnely week”可知，这是令人害怕的经历。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. valuable宝贵的；B. cmpetitive有竞争力的；C. efficient有效率的；D. cmplex复杂的。根据上文“Carline’s shwed me hw much a friendly actin can mean t the persn yu help”可知，此处指的是“宝贵的”。故选A项。
三、阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分，共40分)
第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Adelphi’s Summer Pre-Cllege Prgram is pen t rising junirs and senirs in high schl. Our summer prgram fr high schlers features updated curses that will allw students t explre an academic area f interest and participate in cllege- prepared wrkshps. Explre ur prgram pages t find the right chice fr yu.
Here’s why:
●Yu can live n ur beautiful Garden City ampus and take a class in the kind f exciting, challenging subjects yu dream abut.
● Yu will wrk with ur prfessrs and meet with experts in the field.
●Yu will g n exciting ff-campus trips,
Our credit-bearing summer prgram allws yu t walk away with three transferable (可转化的) cllege credits. It’s a great intrductin t the hands-n, high-impact learning at Adelphi and an unfrgettable grwing experience. Begin yur jurney with Adelphi’s Summer Pre-Cllege Prgram and cmplete yur nline applicatin tday!
A cmpleted applicatin includes:
Yur nline applicatin, which can be cmpleted n this webpage.
A shrt essay n yur interest in Adelphi’s Pre-Cllege Prgram n mre than 200 wrds.
● A cpy f yur high schl reprt card (fficial r unfficial) that includes yur fall 2023 grades.
One cmpleted recmmendatin frm frm a teacher r anther adult (ther than a family member) whm yu feel knws yu best.
Adelphi’s Summer Pre-Cllege Prgram ffers mnthly nline infrmatin meetings n Wednesday evenings during the Summer Pre-Cllege Prgram applicatin seasn.
Discuss the prgram in mre detail:
● Learn abut ur exciting curse chices and what subject may best fit yur interests.
● Learn abut cllege-readiness wrkshps.
● Review hw t apply and what next steps yu shuld take.
● Have all yur questins answered and be prepared fr an unfrgettable summer experience!
25. What des Adelphi’s Pre-Cllege Summer Prgram mainly prvide?
A. Online prgram pages.B. Business areas f interests.
C. Junir-readiness wrkshps.D. Updated pre-cllege curses.
26. What can the students d in the prgram?
A. They can meet with sme experts.
B. They can wrk fr the learning wrkshp.
C. They can rganize an exciting campus trip.
D. They can act as prfessrs after learning here.
27. If yu want t apply fr the prgram, what shuld yu d?
A. Cmplete yur nline applicatin.
B. Prepare a cpy f cllege recrd card.
C. Write an essay n less than 200 wrds.
D. Offer a recmmendatin frm frm parents.
28. During nline infrmatin meetings, applicants can _________.
A. chse useful webpages
B. answer sme f the questins
C. wrk in the pre-cllege wrkshps
D. g ver hw t apply fr the prgram
29. Wh is the prgram intended fr?
A. Prfessrs.B. High schl students.
C. Cllege students.D. Parents.
【答案】25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。阿德菲大学的暑期大学预科项目面向高中二年级和三年级学生开放。文章主要介绍了该项目的特色以及申请要求。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Our summer prgram fr high schlers features updated curses that will allw students t explre an academic area f interest and participate in cllege- prepared wrkshps.(我们为高中生提供的暑期课程以更新的课程为特色，让学生探索感兴趣的学术领域并参加大学准备的研讨会。)”可知，阿德菲大学预科暑期课程主要提供更新的大学预科课程，故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据Here’s why:部分下的第二条“Yu will wrk with ur prfessrs and meet with experts in the field.(您将与我们的教授一起工作并与该领域的专家会面)”可知，学生在这个项目里可以和一些专家见面，故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据A cmpleted applicatin includes:(完整的申请包括：)下的第一条“Yur nline applicatin, which can be cmpleted n this webpage.(您的在线申请，可在此网页上完成。)”可知，如果你想申请该项目，你可以在线完成你的申请，故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据Discuss the prgram in mre detail:下的地三条“Review hw t apply and what next steps yu shuld take.(了解如何申请以及下一步应采取哪些步骤)”可知，在线信息会议期间，申请人可以了解如何申请该项目，故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Adelphi’s Summer Pre-Cllege Prgram is pen t rising junirs and senirs in high schl. (阿德菲大学的暑期大学预科项目面向高中二年级和三年级学生开放。)”可知，该项目主要针对高中年级的学生，故选B。
B
A mvie abut rural sccer players fcuses n teenage girls and seeks t inspire audiences t fllw dreams. In late 2018, Fei Yu, a directr frm Sichuan Prvince, went int the pr villages f Yunnan Prvince in search f inspiratin. During the jurney, ne idea attracted him as he watched children playing sccer in a village, which is lcated arund 110 kilmeters nrth f Lijiang.
As a gentle wind swept-thrugh the valley, Fei listened t the faraway sunds f hrses and children and a clear image began t frm in his mind — that a grup f children playing sccer n the village rfs (屋顶). That image inspired the pening scene f Ftball n the Rf, and after taking hme the special award in the films market prject sectin f the 2023 China Glden Rster and Hundred Fwers Film Festival, the film was n acrss the Chinese mainland n April 20.
The film tells the jurney f a teenage girl, Aime, wh’s crazy abut sccer. She has the hpe that by advancing t the finals in a cmpetitin, her mther, wh has left their rural hmetwn t wrk in a big city, might see her n televisin. Facing many challenges, she helps her elder sister and her classmates t start a sccer team and asks a fruit seller wh used t be a sccer star t cach them. Her determinatin pays ff as she is finally selected t jin the team and takes part in an imprtant match.
During Fei Yu’s search fr inspiratin, he met a girl, wh was eager t invite the directr t her hme, shwed him arund, and used a lng wden stick t pick fresh lemns ff a tree as a treat. The directr was deeply mved when he realized that the gril, wh had been left in the care f a grandfather wh’s cntinually busy with rural difficult tasks, lnged t feel mre cnnected t her parents wrking in a faraway city.
She became the surce fr the female main characters in the mvie. Traveling t many areas, frm the cities f Lijiang and Kaiyuan, t Chuxing, Fei Yu and his team chse arund 10, 000 students in 203 schls befre selecting all main characters.
“The sht has ended, but the yung girl’s lve fr sccer has nt. She has fund a new directin t sht fr in life. This is very meaningful,” says Fei, adding that he hpes the audience will als find strength and curage t realize their dreams thrugh the film.
30. Why did Fei Yu g int the village?
A. T teach sccer.B. T help the pr girls.
C. T achieve an award.D. T try t find inspiratin.
31. Accrding t the passage, what d we knw abut the film?
A. Aime ges t the village near Lijiang.
B. Aime isn’t chsen t jin the sccer team finally.
C. The film named Ftball n the Rf is successful.
D. The film tells the jurney f a by’s passin abut sccer.
32. Why did Aime hpe t advance t the finals in a cmpetitin?
A. T shw her lve fr sccer.
B. T leave the rural hmetwn.
C. T be seen by her mther n TV.
D. T be cached by a frmer sccer star.
33. When realizing the girl lnged t feel mre cnnected t her parents, Fei Yu felt________.
A. tuchedB. interestedC. inspiredD. amazed
34. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. A Beneficial StressB. A Heartwarming Gal
C. A Wnderful TeamwrkD. A Meaningful Cmpetitin
【答案】30. D 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部关于农村足球少女的电影《屋顶足球》，这部电影讲述了一个对足球充满热情的少女的故事，旨在激励观众追求自己的梦想。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In late 2018, Fei Yu, a directr frm Sichuan Prvince, went int the pr villages f Yunnan Prvince in search f inspiratin.(2018年末，来自四川省的导演飞鱼走进云南省的贫困村庄，寻找灵感)”可知，飞鱼去村庄是为了寻找灵感。故选D项。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“That image inspired the pening scene f Ftball n the Rf, and after taking hme the special award in the films market prject sectin f the 2023 China Glden Rster and Hundred Fwers Film Festival, the film was n acrss the Chinese mainland n April 20.(这一画面启发了《屋顶足球》的开场，在获得2023年中国金鸡百花电影节电影市场项目单元特别奖后，这部电影于4月20日在中国大陆上映)”可知，电影《屋顶足球》荣获得2023年中国金鸡百花电影节电影市场项目单元特别奖，说明这部电影是成功的。故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“She has the hpe that by advancing t the finals in a cmpetitin, her mther, wh has left the rural hmetwn t wrk in a big city, might see her n televisin.(她希望能在比赛中进入决赛，这样她那位离开农村家乡去大城市工作的母亲就可能在电视上看到她了)”可知，Aime希望能在比赛中进入决赛，这样她母亲就可能在电视上看到她了。故选C项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The directr was deeply mved when he realized that the girl, wh had been left in the care f a grandfather wh’s cntinually busy with rural difficult tasks, lnged t feel mre cnnected t her parents wrking in a faraway city.(当导演意识到这个女孩被留在家乡，由一直忙于农村繁重工作的祖父照顾时，她渴望与在远方城市工作的父母有更多的联系，他深受感动)”可知，当飞鱼意识到这个女孩渴望与在远方城市工作的父母有更多的联系时，他深受感动。故选A项。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“A mvie abut rural sccer players fcuses n teenage girls and seeks t inspire audiences t fllw dreams. (这部关于农村足球运动员的电影聚焦于十几岁的女孩，旨在激励观众追随梦想)”和最后一段中““The sht has ended, but the yung girl’s lve fr sccer has nt. She has fund a new directin t sht fr in life. This is very meaningful,” says Fei, adding that he hpes the audience will als find strength and curage t realize their dreams thrugh the film.(“拍摄结束了，但小女孩对足球的热爱并没有结束。她找到了人生的新方向。这很有意义，”他补充说，他希望观众也能通过这部电影找到实现梦想的力量和勇气)”可知，文章介绍了一部关于农村足球少女的电影，这部电影讲述了一个对足球充满热情的少女的故事，她的目标是能在比赛中进入决赛，这样在远方工作的母亲就可能在电视上看到她。B项“一个温暖人心的目标”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
C
Teachers were shcked when ChatGPT appeared a year ag. This AI chat rbt can write clear, well-researched essays in respnse t given questins, frcing educatrs arund the wrld t rethink their evaluatin (测评) methds. A few cuntries brught back pen-and-paper exams, and sme schls asked students t d their hmewrk at schl, after learning abut a subject at hme.
There are risks, but sme educatrs think that ChatGPT and ther large language mdels(LLMs)can be pwerful learning tls. They culd help students by prviding a persnalized guiding that is available at any time and might be accessible t mre students than human teachers wuld be. Or they culd help teachers and students by making infrmatin that nly exists in the textbks much easier t find and understand.
There are still prbkems t be slved. Questins remain abut whether LLMscan be made crrect and reliable enugh t be trusted as learning helpers. It’s t sn t knw what their final effect n educatin will be, but mre institutins (研究机构) need t explre ChatGPT’s advantages and dangers, and share what they are leaning, r their students might miss aut n a valuable tl.
Despite the risks, educatrs shuld nt avid using LLMs. Rather, they need t teach students the chat rbt’s strengths and weaknesses and supprt institutins’ effrts t imprve the mdels fr educattn-specific purpses. This culd mean building task-specific versins f LLMs that harness their strengths in dialgue and summarizatin and reduce the risks f a chat rbt prviding students with inaccurate (不准确的) infrmatin r enabling them t cheat.
Arizna State University (ASU), fr example, develped a platfrm that enables its members t use LLM-pwered chat rbts. These rbts are instructed t seek answers t users’questins in specific data sets, such as scientific papers r lecture ntes. This apprach nt nly makes use f the chat rbt’s cnversatinal pwer, but alszreduces the chance f errrs.
As understanding f the LLMs’pwer and limitatins increases, mre university- wide plans will certainly appear. Using LLMs withut cnsidering their disadvantages will gain the ppsite effect. Fr many educatinal purpses, errr-prne (容易出错 的) tls damage students’ability t learn and cannt help students. But sme institutins are trying t reduce the LLMs’weaknesses, even aiming t turn thse int strengths by, fr example, using them t imprve students’critical-thinking skills.
Educatrs must be brave t avid missing a huge pprtunity and careful t ensure that institutins everywhere use LLMs in a way that makes the wrld better, nt wrse.
35. What can we infer abut ChatGPT frm Paragraph 1?
A. It is used in exams by sme students.B. It is ging t replace human teachers.
C. It is especially ppular amng teachers.D. It imprves educatrs’ evaluatin methds.
36. What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. LLMs’pssible risks.B. LLMs’pwerful tls.
C. ILMs’leaning ability.D. LLMs’ptential benefits.
37. What shuld students knw when using LLMs?
A. Their task-specific versins.
B. Their strengths and weaknesses.
C. Their prblems and pssible risks.
D. Their mdels fr educatin purpses.
38. What des the underlined wrd “harness” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Imprve.B. Discver.C. Use.D. Test.
39. As fr the future f LLMs, the writer is _________
A. cnfusedB. hpefulC. uncncernedD. dubtful
【答案】35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ChatGPT等大型语言模型在教育领域的应用、潜在好处、存在的问题及如何利用好这些工具。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“This AI chat rbt can write clear, well-researched essays in respnse t given questins, frcing educatrs arund the wrld t rethink their evaluatin (测评) methds. A few cuntries brught back pen-and-paper exams, and sme schls asked students t d their hmewrk at schl, after learning abut a subject at hme.(这款人工智能聊天机器人可以针对给定的问题撰写清晰、经过充分研究的论文，迫使世界各地的教育工作者重新思考他们的评估方法。一些国家恢复了纸笔考试，一些学校要求学生在家学习一门学科后在学校做作业)”可知，一些国家恢复了笔试考试，一些学校要求学生在家里学习一门课程后在学校做作业，这表明一些学生可能在考试中使用ChatGPT。由此可推知，ChatGPT被一些学生用于考试。故选A。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“There are risks, but sme educatrs think that ChatGPT and ther large language mdels (LLMs) can be pwerful learning tls.(虽然存在风险，但一些教育工作者认为ChatGPT和其他大型语言模型可以成为强大的学习工具)”以及全段可知，第二段主要介绍了ChatGPT等大型语言模型在教育领域的潜在好处，它们可以为学生提供个性化的指导，帮助教师和学生更容易地查找和理解教材上的信息。故选D。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Despite the risks, educatrs shuld nt avid using LLMs. Rather, they need t teach students the chat rbt’s strengths and weaknesses and supprt institutins’ effrts t imprve the mdels fr educattn-specific purpses.(尽管存在风险，但教育工作者不应避免使用LLM。相反，他们需要教学生聊天机器人的优缺点，并支持机构努力改进用于特定教育目的的模型)”可知，教育者需要教学生了解聊天机器人的优点和缺点，因此学生应该了解LLMs的优点和缺点。故选B。
【38题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子的“summarizatin and reduce the risks f a chat rbt prviding students with inaccurate (不准确的) infrmatin r enabling them t cheat(总结并降低聊天机器人为学生提供不准确信息或使他们作弊的风险)”可知，改进针对教育目的的模型就意味着可以利用他们的优势并总结并降低聊天机器人为学生提供不准确信息或使他们作弊的风险。所以划线单词harness的意思为“利用，使用”。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Educatrs must be brave t avid missing a huge pprtunity and careful t ensure that institutins everywhere use LLMs in a way that makes the wrld better, nt wrse.(教育工作者必须勇于把握这一巨大的机遇，同时也要谨慎行事，确保各地的机构以一种使世界变得更好而非更糟的方式使用大型语言模型（LLMs）)”可推知，尽管作者提到了风险和挑战，但教育者必须勇敢，不要错过巨大的机会。由此可推知，这表明作者对于LLMs的是抱有希望的。故选B。
第二节
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答 题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
The wrld’s seas, lakes and rivers are under much pressure frm climate change, grwing demand, develpment f cities and pllutin, threatening their ability t supprt life.
Withut better data t understand the health f increasingly stressed waterways, the fight t save these mst precius resurces will be ineffective, says Simen Pieterksky, c-funder f the technlgy cmpany Aquaai. “Visually every waterway is plluted s seriusly that the ecsystem (生态系统) just can’t balance back anymre,” he explains.
Aquaai is aiming t fill that infrmatin gap by using fish-like rbts that cllect data frm underwater envirnments. Pwered by batteries, they are designed t lk and swim like a fish, with a bdy and tail that mve frm side-t-side as they swim thrugh the water.
The standard versin is abut 4 feet lng (1. 3 meters) and weighs 30 kilgrams and can be equipped with cameras and sensrs (传感器) t measure xygen, pH levels and the amunt f salt cntained in the water.
Pieterksky was inspired t build the rbts after his eight-year-ld daughter leamed abut the dangerus situatin f the seas and asked him t prtect them. He says it’s imprtant that the rbts can swim amng the fish withut being nticed by them.
The cmpany has put its technlgy t use in Califrnia, where it was funded, and in Nrway, where it has a branch cmpany. It has perated in bth fresh and salt water, and near fish farms, checking things like water quality and fish health. Many fish farms use fixed sensrs t mnitr (监测) water quality, but CEO and c-funder Liane Thmpsn says this can be inefficient in giant farms, where fish might gather away frm the sensrs. Instead, Aquaai’s rbts swim with the fish, cllecting data wherever they g.
Thmpsn says its technlgy culd be used in the areas fr water management, fish farming peratins and searching fr abandned fishing equipment. Besides, acrss the wrld, water resurces are typically mnitred by wrkers, which is slw and needs many peple. She believes better autmatin is quite needed.
Autmatin “shuld play a key rle in the future f water management by reducing waste and imprving data cllectin fr better decisin-making,” said Rbert C. Brears, the funder f water prtectin website Our Future Water.
40. Hw des Aquaai fill the infrmatin gap? (不多于10个单词)
______________________________________
41. Wh inspired Pieterksky t build the fish-like rbts? (不多于3个单词)
______________________________________
42. Where was the cmpany Aquaai funded? (不多于2个单词)
______________________________________
43. What shuld play a key rle in the future f water management accrding t Rbert C. Brears? (不多于1个单词)
______________________________________
44. What des this passage mainly talk abut? (不多于6个单词)
______________________________________
【答案】40. By using fish-like rbts. 41. Pieterksky’s daughter. 42. In Califrnia.
43. Autmatin. 44. Using rbts t prtect water resurces.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Aquaai公司使用鱼形机器人来收集水下环境的数据，以填补信息空白，帮助更好地管理和保护水资源。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Aquaai is aiming t fill that infrmatin gap by using fish-like rbts that cllect data frm underwater envirnments.”（Aquaai旨在通过使用从水下环境收集数据的鱼形机器人来填补这一信息空白。）可知，Aquaai使用鱼形机器人来收集水下环境的数据，以填补信息空白。故答案为By using fish-like rbts.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段中“Pieterksky was inspired t build the rbts after his eight-year-ld daughter learned abut the dangerus situatin f the seas and asked him t prtect them.”（皮特科斯基的女儿在了解到海洋的危险情况后，要求他保护海洋，这激发了他制造机器人的灵感。）可知，是皮特科斯基的女儿激发了他制造鱼形机器人的灵感。故答案为Pieterksky’s daughter.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第六段中“The cmpany has put its technlgy t use in Califrnia, where it was funded,”（该公司已在加利福尼亚州投入使用，它就是在那里成立的。）可知，Aquaai公司是在加利福尼亚州成立的。故答案为In Califrnia.
【43题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Autmatin ‘shuld play a key rle in the future f water management by reducing waste and imprving data cllectin fr better decisin-making,’ said Rbert C. Brears, the funder f water prtectin website Our Future Water.”（水保护网站“我们的未来之水”的创始人罗伯特·C·布里尔斯表示，“自动化应该在水资源管理的未来中发挥关键作用，通过减少浪费和改进数据收集来做出更好的决策。”）可知，根据罗伯特·C·布里尔斯的说法，自动化应该在水资源管理的未来中发挥关键作用。故答案为Autmatin.
【44题详解】
考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其结合第一段“The wrld’s seas, lakes and rivers are under much pressure frm climate change, grwing demand, develpment f cities and pllutin, threatening their ability t supprt life.(全球的海洋、湖泊和河流承受着气候变化、需求增长、城市发展和污染带来的巨大压力，威胁着它们维持生命的能力)”和第三段“Aquaai is aiming t fill that infrmatin gap by using fish-like rbts that cllect data frm underwater envirnments. Pwered by batteries, they are designed t lk and swim like a fish, with a bdy and tail that mve frm side-t-side as they swim thrugh the water.(Aquaai的目标是通过使用像鱼一样的机器人从水下环境中收集数据来填补这一信息空白。它们由电池供电，外形和游动方式都像鱼一样，身体和尾巴在水中游动时可以左右移动)”可知，文章介绍了Aquaai公司使用鱼形机器人来收集水下环境的数据，以填补信息空白，帮助更好地管理和保护水资源。因此，文章的主要内容是关于使用鱼形机器人来保护水资源。故答案为Using rbts t prtect water resurces.
四、选词填空(共9小题;每小题1分，共9分)
根据句意，用所给单词或者词组的适当形式填空。
45. The earthquake in 2023 _________ many buildings in the twn, leaving hundreds f peple hmeless.
46. Mr. Bean’s humr is made thrugh simple and funny acts that _________ bdy language.
47. Yi Jiefang had a __________ life until a terrible event ccurred.
48. Researches shw that laughing can help t relieve stress and _________.
49. After __________ as an athlete in 1986, Lang Ping has been successful as a vlleyball cach.
50. Educatin is _________ fr persnal grwth and success in life.
51. Time is ___________. Make sure yu spend it with the right peple.
52. The _________ t the new plicy varied greatly amng peple.
53. Beijing’s unique culture _________ turists frm all ver the wrld.
【答案】45. destryed 46. rely n 47. cntented 48. anxiety 49. retiring
50. fundamental 51. precius 52. reactin 53. attracts
【45题详解】
考查动词。句意：2023年的地震摧毁了这个城镇的许多建筑，导致数百人无家可归。根据句意，“摧毁”用动词destry，作谓语，结合时间状语in 2023可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，用过去式destryed。故填destryed。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：憨豆先生的幽默是通过依靠肢体语言的简单而有趣的行为来实现的。根据句意，“依靠”用动词短语rely n，作定语从句中谓语，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语that(即先行词acts)是复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填rely n。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：直到一个可怕的事件发生，易解放过着惬意的生活。根据句意，表示“惬意的”用形容词cntented，作定语修饰名词life。故填cntented。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究表明，笑可以帮助缓解压力和焦虑。根据句意，表示“焦虑”用名词anxiety，作宾语，不可数名词。故填anxiety。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：1986年退役后，郎平作为排球教练取得了成功。根据句意，表示“退役”用动词retire，作介词宾语，用动名词形式retiring。故填retiring。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：教育对于个人的成长和生活中的成功是十分重大的。根据句意，表示“十分重大的”用形容词fundamental，作表语。故填fundamental。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：时间是宝贵的，确保你和正确的人一起度过。根据句意，表示“宝贵的”用形容词precius，作表语。故填precius。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们对新政策的反应各不相同。根据句意，表示“反应”用名词reactin，作主语，不可数名词。故填reactin。
【53题详解】
考查动词。句意：北京独特的文化吸引着来自世界各地的游客。根据句意，表示“吸引”用动词attract，作谓语，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语culture是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填attracts。
五、书面表达(满分20分)
54. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim发来邮件，提到对你 校的广播站很感兴趣，请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 广播站开设的栏目；
2. 广播站对师生的意义。
注意：
1. 字数不少于60；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
Knwing that yu are very interested in ur schl’s radi statin, I am writing t tell yu smething abut it.
In rder t enrich ur students’ lives and ffer students a platfrm where they can express themselves creatively and share their unique perspectives, ur schl set up the radi statin.
The statin has varius prgrams, ranging frm educatinal talks t music shws. Besides, every mrning, the statin greets students with a refreshing newscast, keeping bth students and teachers updated n bth campus happenings and glbal events.
The radi statin nt nly prvides a platfrm fr students t shwcase their talents but als helps in building up their cnfidence and public speaking ability.
Yurs,
Li Huaretire; rely n; destry; cntented; anxiety; reactin; precius; fundamental; attract