高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第二册UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS课件

这是一份高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第二册UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了核心单词阅读词汇，减少减小降低，cell，virus，finding，severe，decrease，thinking，vaccine，solid等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.chlera n.霍乱
2.diarrhea n.腹泻
3.dehydratin n.脱水
4.germ n.微生物；细菌；病菌
5.prf n.证据；证明；检验
6.interventin n.介入；出面；干涉
7.raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的8.statistic n.[pl.-s]统计数字；统计资料；统计学9.epidemilgy n.流行病学10.micrscpe n.显微镜11.prtein n.蛋白质
12.framewrk n.框架；结构
13.shadw n.阴影；影子；背光处14.rainbw n.彩虹15.leadership n.领导；领导地位；领导才能16.telescpe n.望远镜
高频词汇1.________ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的2.__________ adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的3.________ n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)
4.________ n.思想；思维；见解5.________ n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房6.________ n.病毒7.________ n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决
substantial
8.________ n.疫苗
9.________ adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体10.________ vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷
11.________ vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)
12.________ n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的13.___________ adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的 14.________ adj.抽象的；理论上的 n.(文献等的)摘要
15.________ n.概念；观念
16.________ adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
拓展词汇1.__________ adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrate v.使受挫折；令人沮丧→__________ n.挫折；失败；失意2._________________ adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的→
cntraditin n.矛盾；反驳
3.infect vt.使感染；传染→________ adj.被传染的→_________
cntradictry
4.subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)→
_____________ n.订阅→___________ n.订户
subscriptin
5.________ adj.数量多的；多种多样的→multiply v.乘；(使)
6._________ vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可
疑对象→_________ adj.猜疑的；疑心的；表示怀疑的
7.________ vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责
blameful adj.应受责备的；该受责备的→blameless adj.无可指责的
→____________ adv.无可责难地
blamelessly
8.handle n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、
工具等)→________ n.处理者；管理者
9.________ n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联→linkern.链接器→________ adj.连接的；链接的10.pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→_________ adv.纯粹地→
________ v.净化
transfrmatin
11.transfrm v.使改观；使改变形态　vi.改变；转变→
_______________ n.转变；变化12.________ adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initially adv.最初
13.mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→________ n.
defense/defence
14.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→_________________ n.防卫；
防御措施→________ adj.防守的；防御用的
15.________ n.助理；助手→______ v.帮助；促进→assistance
16.trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹→________adj.可追溯的；可追踪的→________ n.追踪者
17.________ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→_______
n.礼物；赠品；天赋；天才
18.________ adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.稳定
19.astrnmy n.天文学→__________ n.天文学家20.fault n.弱点；过错→________ adj.有错误的；有缺点的；出毛病的
21.shift n. 改变；转换；轮班
vi.& vt. 转移；挪动；转向→
________ adj. 看着不可靠的；贼眉鼠眼的；显得心里有鬼的→________ adj.懒惰的；得过且过的；没出息的22.vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→________ adv.生动地；
【熟义】 adj.未经处理的；原始的【生义】 adj.未煮的；生的
【典例】 Peple can becme infected after eating raw rundercked meat.人们在吃生的或未煮熟的肉后可能会被感染。
【熟义】 adj.固体的；坚实的 n.固体【生义】 adj.可靠的
【典例】 Yu need smene wh is slid and stable.你需要一个
重点短语1.attend ________ 照顾；致力于2.nce and fr ________ 最终地；彻底地3.________ t 同意；赞同4.be t ________ 应受到责罚；应承担责任5.________ t 幸亏；由于6.________ this reasn 由于这个原因
7.break ________ ( 战争、打斗等不愉快的事情) 突然开始；
8.in charge ________ 主管；掌管9.________ dwn with 患(病)；染上(小病)10.abve ________ 最重要的是；尤其是
1.It seemed that the wman liked the water frm the pump smuch that she ________ ________ ________ t her huse every day.看起来似乎是这个女人如此喜欢水泵的水以至于她每天都把水运到她家。句式结构句式 1：have sth.dne 让某事被做
2.The peple wh drank this water were much _______ _______t get chlera ________ thse wh drank pure r biled water.喝这种水的人比喝纯净水或白开水的人更有可能感染霍乱。句式结构句式 2：意为“比……更……”
3.Hwever, ________ might have made him such an utstandingand creative scientist ________ prbably his strng interest in therthings, such as music and drawing.然而，能让他成为如此杰出而又有创造力的科学家，可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，比如音乐和绘画。句式结构句式 3：what 引导的主语从句
4.________ he ________ ________ with a disease which causedhim t lse the use f mst f his muscles, his wrld became ne fabstract thught.由于他得了一种使他失去大部分肌肉功能的疾病，他的世界变成了一个抽象的思想世界。句式结构句式 4：since 引导的原因状语从句
t be attended/
1.Furthermre, table tennis is ________ an interesting game thatpeple all ver the wrld play it.2.I have t say ________ his defence because he, an hnest man,wn't steal anything in the grcery stre.3.In reality, the mechanic made a severe mistake, ________ (shift)his weight nervusly frm ne ft t anther.
4.It was the _______ (gift) girl that came up with such a brilliant
was suspected
5.I was vercme with sadness because I ____________ (suspect)f stealing his mney.6.He cnstantly finds fault ________ me, but I wn't yield thim.7.The utstanding astrnmer wh devted himself t his careercame dwn ________ a severe illness.
8.I entirely believe that yu are nt linked ______ what happenedjust nw.9.I cnvinced them t subscribe ________ my plan, but later theychanged their minds.10.In a sense, we shuld blame the present terrible envirnment________ humans' ver-cnsumptin.
1.severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的【典例】
①Many peple feel the punishment shuld have been mre
severe.许多人觉得这个惩罚本应该更严厉些。
②Severe stress typically sends the bdy int a state f shck,flding it with varius hrmnes and metablites. 严重的压力常使身体处于休克状态，体内充斥着各种激素和代谢物。
severe cnditin 苛刻条件severe punishment 严厉惩罚severe cld 严寒
severe stress 严重压力
be severe with/n sb.对……严格/发火
【辨析】 severe, strict 与 serius
(1)severely adv.严重地(2)severity n.严重程度
(1)The party suffered ________ ________ (严重损失) during thelast electin.
(2)Punishment frm plice is ften mre severe __________students and will prevent future bullying better.(3)The chances f a full recvery will depend n the __________(severe) f her injuries.
2.subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
①If yu subscribe t this newspaper, yu'll get an extramagazine.如果你订阅这份报纸，你会得到一本额外的杂志。②Hw much did yu subscribe t the disaster fund？你向赈灾
subscribe t 订阅；同意；赞同；捐款subscribe fr 认购；预定
【辨析】 subscribe 与 apprve
subscriptin n.捐助；订阅费；会员费；订购，订阅subscriptin service 订阅服务annual subscriptin 年度订阅
写出下列句子中 subscribe t 的中文含义(1)I have never subscribed t the view that yur schldays arethe happiest days f yur life.______________(2)Yu shuld subscribe t trade magazines t learn mre than
yur business.__________
(3)He subscribes regularly t lcal charities._____________
3.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责
When getting alng with thers, we shuldn't always blame
thers fr mistakes.当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是因错误责备他人。【归纳】
be t blame (fr sth.)(对某事)负有责任，应受责备blame sb.fr sth.因某事责备某人
blame sth.n sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事
be t blame 意为“应受责备”，用主动形式表被动含义，相
当于 shuld be blamed。
take/accept/shulder the blame fr...对……承担责任put/lay the blame n sb.归咎于某人
(1)My life is ruined and I suppse I nly have myself ________(blame).(2)There's n reasn fr us t bear the blame ________ them.(3)I used t blame my parents ________ messing up my life.
4.link n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联
①Of curse, mst f China was flurishing at the time, and theywere able t get a rad built t link them up t the rest f China.当然了，那段时间整个中国都是一片繁荣景象。而这个村子建了一条公路，从此与外界相通。
②Pliteness is the way we individual humans link up with therest f the human wrld utside f ur circles f family and friends.礼貌是我们人类个体在家庭和朋友圈子之外与人类世界的其他部分联系的方式。
【归纳】link up 会合；连接；联系link up with 与……连接/联手把……和……连起来be linked t/with 与……有关联【即学即用】
(1)The Channel Tunnel links Britain _______ the rest f Eurpe.
(2)这些乐队已联合起来，准备办一场慈善音乐会。The bands have ________ ________ fr a charity cncert.(3)每个目的地的名字会与另外一个包含着更多细节的文件相
The name f each destinatin might _______ _______ ________anther dcument that cntains mre details.
5.transfrm vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变
①She helps transfrm literature int braille t bring the pwerf stry and knwledge t the hearts and minds f blind readers.她帮着把文学作品翻译成盲文，把故事和知识的力量带到了盲人读者的心灵。
②I'm fully aware that it's the experience frm my life abrad thathas ttally transfrmed me.我充分地意识到正是我在国外的经历完全改变了我。
transfrm sb./sth.(frm sth.) int sth.把某人/某物(由……)转化
(1)transfrmatin n.(外观或性质的)改变；变革(2)transfrmer n.变压器【点津】
trans-为常见前缀，意思是“转移；变化”，如：transplant (移
植), transprt (运输), transfer (迁移；转移)。
(1)Since then, this sciety has mved nward, never lking back,as the car transfrmed America frm a farm-based sciety _______ anindustrial pwer.完成句子，每空一词(2)最好的公司可以依靠一个好主意在几年内从萌芽成长为巨
The best cmpanies can take a gd idea and use it t ___________________ frm embrys ________ giants in a few years.
1.thanks t 幸亏；由于【典例】
①We've reached ur gal f $50，000, thanks t the genersityf the public.由于公众的慷慨解囊，我们已经达到了 5 万美元的目标。
②Thank yu fr that lvely meal; it was a veritable feast！谢谢
你的那顿美餐，真是一顿名副其实的盛宴！
表示 “由于”的短语有： due t, wing t, because f, n
accunt f, as a result f。
due t 用于较庄重的书面语中，侧重“起因于”，在句中多作表语，有时作状语。wing t 可以和 due t 换用，但在句中多作状语，也可作表语。because f 着重说明某种理由，在句中通常作状语。
(1)________ (thank) fr helping my grandmther get t the htel.(2)The flight was delayed, ________ (we) t the bad weather.完成句子，每空一词(3)多亏了商品热潮和财政收入的增加，近几年来多国政府才
能顺利挺过经济萧条时期。
________ ________the cmmdity bm and rising revenues,gvernments in many cuntries have had an easy time f it in the pastfew years.
2.break ut (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发【典例】
①When Wrld War I brke ut, he seemed t have becmeanther man, dwnhearted.第一次世界大战爆发时他似乎变成了另一个人，变得非常消沉。
②Our sldiers quickly brke thrugh the enemy's defense wrks.
我军战士很快突破了敌军的防御工事。
break ut f 逃脱；突破；摆脱break away frm 从……挣脱/逃离
break dwn (谈判)失败；出故障；(身体)垮掉；分解break in 插话；闯入(行窃)break ff 中断；断开
break thrugh 突破；克服；战胜
break up (关系)破裂；(会议)结束；(团体)散伙
(1)要是他能踩着什么东西就好了，他就能够脱离那个急流了。If nly he culd get his feet n smething, he were able t________ ________ f the swift current.(2)这个年轻人有足够的勇气去打破传统观点。The yung man was curageus enugh t ________ ________
frm traditinal ideas.
(3)他中断了谈话去接电话。
He ________ ________ speaking t answer the telephne.
3.abve all 最重要的是；尤其是【典例】
①She was the apple f his eye and he lved her abve all
humanity.她是他的掌上明珠，他爱她胜过一切。
②They tld him it was what they wished abve all things. 他们
告诉他，这正是他们最大的心愿。
abve all (things)最重要的是；首先是
【拓展】含有all的其他常用短语：after all (毕竟；终究), in all (总共), allin all (总而言之), first f all (首先), nt at all (一点也不), all but (几乎；差不多)。【即学即用】
(1)All ________ all it had been a great success.
(2)最要紧的是你们一定要保持联系。________ ________, make sure yu keep in tuch.
(3)他的笔迹几乎没法辨认。
It was ________ ________ impssible t read his writing.
1.It seemed that the wman liked the water frm the pump s
much that she had it delivered t her huse every day.(教材 P2)看起来似乎是这个女人如此喜欢水泵的水以至于她每天都把水运到她家。
【剖析】 本句中 have sth.dne 是常见用法，意为“让某事被
①I need a new passprt s I will have t have my phtgraphs
taken.我需要一个新护照，所以不得不拍新照片。
②Unusual fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn havenutria fur made int clthes in different styles.在新奥尔良和布鲁克林不同寻常的时装表演上，海狸鼠的皮毛被制成了不同风格的衣服。
(1)have sb./sth.ding sth.意为“让某人或某物一直做某事”，在否定句中，尤其与 wn't, can't 等连用时，可表示“容忍或允许”之意。
(2)have sb.d sth.意为“让/使某人做某事”，强调事实。
(1)Yu'd better have yur eyes ________ (examine) tmrrw.(2)As a respnsible teacher, he can't have any f his students
________ (cheat) in the exam.
(3)Tell the persn yu're srry and explain that yu have amillin things ________ (d) and then ask if the tw f yu can talk at
a different time.
2.Hwever, what might have made him such an utstandingand creative scientist was prbably his strng interest in ther
things, such as music and drawing.(教材 P8)然而，能让他成为如此杰出而又有创造力的科学家，可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，比如音乐和绘画。
【剖析】 本句是 what 引导的主语从句，谓语用第三人称单
①“What I can say fr the flks that gave the mst, is that theywere full f smiles，” Bridges said.“我能够为给予最多的人们所说的是他们都充满了微笑。”布里奇斯说。
②What's particularly interesting is the attitudes varius citieshave tward Dubanchet's cause.特别有趣的是各个城市对杜班切特事件的态度。
that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义；而 what 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分。如：
It's a shame that he has made such a mistake.I'll d what I can (d) t help him.
(1)We chse this htel because the price fr a night here isdwn t $20, half f________ it used t charge.(2)This is ________ my father has taught me—t always facedifficulties and hpe fr the best.
(3)这所学校出名的是超过 90%的学生都被大学录取了。________ makes the schl famus ________ ________ mrethan 90% f the students have been admitted t universities.
I am srry t have yur dictinary lst n my way hme.
1.我非常抱歉，在回家的路上弄丢了你的词典。(have sth.dne)
____________________________________________________
2.I was s ashamed that I culdn't sleep well at night.(改为 s...
S ashamed was I that I culdn't sleep well at night.
3.I wuld feel cmfrtable until I gt the dictinary back.(改为
____________________
4.The self-study rm is such an appealing place that many
students will gather there t further imprve their learning level.(用 s＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that 改写句子)
________________________________________ many students
will gather there t further imprve their learning level.
It was nt until I gt the dictinary back that I wuld feel
The self-study rm is s appealing a place that
5.The wrds he said made us believe that he was a generusman.(用主语从句改写句子，每空一词)________ ________ ________ made us believe that he was a
generus man.
【语篇写作】应用文写作
像屠呦呦这样的科学家为社会的发展做出了巨大贡献，校学生会倡议全体学生向她学习，立志做一个对社会有用的人。请你代表校学生会写一封倡议信，要点如下：
1.介绍屠呦呦的主要成就；
2.提倡学生学习她身上优秀的精神品质；3.树立远大理想，做一个对社会有用的人。
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：青蒿素 artemisinin 疟疾 malaria
Dear students，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As we all knw, such scientists as Tu Yuyu have made greatcntributins t ur cuntry.They set a gd example t us.And weshuld learn frm them.
Tu Yuyu, awarded the Nbel Medicine Prize, alng with herresearch team, made the discvery f artemisinin, which is a crucialnew treatment fr malaria, thus greatly imprving the health fmillins f peple.Besides, she shws many gd qualities.Fr