2025中考英语备考专题11 阅读理解之议论文(北京中考真题+名校模拟)

这是一份2025中考英语备考专题11 阅读理解之议论文(北京中考真题+名校模拟)，共23页。
This disagreement can lead t serius results, such as wrsening relatinships, limited persnal grwth, and self-dubt. The emtinal effects f feeling ut f cntrl and unable t live up t ur wn standards can als be deeply harmful. The shame and upset that g alng with these feelings ften frce us int silence, resulting in mre self-dubt. One reasn fr this silence might be that admitting (承认) t these behavirs can feel like shwing a weakness r mistake that sciety tells us shuld be kept hidden. What’s mre, recgnizing this disagreement requires cming face t face with uncmfrtable truths abut urselves—a prcess that is as discuraging as it is necessary fr grwth.
Recgnizing and addressing these behavirs can prvide a pssibility f change. By lking int the causes f ur behavirs, we can begin t understand ur actins mre easily and wrk tward sticking t ur beliefs. Research supprts the idea that recgnizing this disagreement, tgether with mindfulness and pen cmmunicatin, can help with this prcess. These methds help us slw dwn, reflect (反思), and chse behavirs that fllw ur values mre clsely, even in the face f ld habits r immediate needs.
The key t dealing with this disagreement lies in cmpassin (同情) fr urselves and thers. By develping a culture f penness and by understanding the challenges f aligning behavirs with beliefs, we can begin t break dwn what prevents us frm having cnversatin and change. Admitting that this disagreement is a shared part f the human experience can enable us t speak penly, find supprt, and take necessary steps tward the agreement between ur inner wrld and ur actins.
While the disagreement between ur inner values and actins may be cmmn, thrugh reflectin, understanding and purpseful practice, we can bridge the divide and set ut n a jurney f self-discvery.
1．Why des the writer use the examples in Paragraph 1?
A．T stress an unavidable need.B．T shw a result f the wrng values.
C．T describe a cmmn human experience.D．T intrduce a change in peple’s relatinships.
2．What des the wrd “aligning” in Paragraph 4 mst prbably mean?
A．Matching.B．Cmparing.C．Mixing.D．Cnfusing.
3．Which f the fllwing wuld the writer mst prbably agree with?
A．Discmfrt frces us t give up ur beliefs.
B．Our behavirs weaken ur understandings f life.
C．Open cmmunicatin makes it pssible fr us t change.
D．Keeping silent allws us time t live up t ur standards.
4．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T encurage peple t stay true t their beliefs.
B．T prve the imprtance f having the right values.
C．T cmpare different ways t deal with discmfrt.
D．T discuss the influence f peple’s imprper actins.
（2022·北京·中考真题）A Pathway (路径) t Meaning in Life
When it cmes t a meaningful life, we might think f lve, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what mst f us want fr urselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life cmes dwn t three factrs (因素): having lng-term gals, believing that ne’s life matters, and feeling that ne’s life fits tgether and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is mre t cnsider. Smetimes life enables us t experience small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these mments may imprve hw they see their wn life. We call this experiential appreciatin (EA). EA is abut the persn feeling cnnected t events and being able t appreciate the value within the cnnectin. It shws the discvery f and admiratin fr life’s beauty.
We recently set ut t better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was als tied t general judgment f meaning in life. If s, it culd be a factr fr meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had peple rate (评估) their supprt fr different methds f reducing stress. We fund that peple wh managed stress by fcusing n their appreciatin fr life’s beauty als reprted experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked peple t rate the degree t which they agreed with varius statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty f life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as ther statements that related t the three factrs and a general sense f meaning in life. Our results shwed that the mre peple reprted that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the mre they felt their life was valuable.
In the fllwing studies, we further lked at the cnnectin between EA and meaningfulness. Fr example, we fund that peple wh were asked t lk back n the mst meaningful event f the past week generally reprted high EA in thse mments.
All the results prved ur thery (假设) true. But putting it int practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with gals. We try t get the highest utput bth at wrk and in spare time. This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. We shuld slw dwn and let life surprise us.
5．Yu were mst prbably in the EA cnditin when _________.
A．yu made a travel plan fr the cming hliday
B．yu hurried t serve the custmers in the stre
C．yu practiced hard t becme the best vilinist
D．yu stpped t admire the rses by the radside
6．What can we learn frm the studies mentined in the passage?
A．Thinking back t the past weakens ur sense f meaning.
B．Enjying small things can influence ur attitude tward life.
C．Prper stress management is the key t living a satisfying life.
D．Gd judgment n beauty imprves cnnectins amng peple.
7．What des the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A．It is easier fr results-driven peple t achieve success.
B．We ften turn a blind eye t the present mment.
C．A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach ur gals.
D．Future life will bring us many mre surprises.
8．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T explain hw t discver beauty in life.
B．T discuss what the true meaning f life is.
C．T intrduce a new factr fr a meaningful life.
D．T cmpare different factrs fr meaningfulness.
（2024·北京东城·二模）We live in a sciety that judges ur happiness by hw much we have achieved and hw successful we are. We are ften tld, “Wrk hard, becme successful, and then yu`ll be happy.” Is it true?
Can Success Bring Happiness?
Happiness helps yu get success; it’s nt the ther way arund. Studies shw happier peple are mre likely t be successful, but successful peple are predictably nt mre cheerful. When yu are happier, yu feel mre hpeful, thankful, and strng-minded, which are imprtant fr success. As a result, yu have a better chance f getting better jbs and even building strnger relatinships.
Success can cause a shrt-term increase in happiness, but it cannt guarantee a lasting ne. Shrtly after achieving success, yu return t yur usual level f happiness. Mrever, depending n success fr happiness ften adds pressure, stress and negativity t every part f ur lives. In cnclusin, chasing (追求) happiness and well-being is better than running after success.
___△___
Psitive psychlgy says that happiness is bth hw gd we feel in the present mment and hw gd we feel when we lk at ur lived lives. Trying t lead a happy life is nt always abut refusing ur negative emtins r acting as if we feel happy all the time. We all experience difficult perids, and it’s natural fr us t feel sad, angry, and ther negative emtins. Happiness is abut being able t embrace (接受) the gd times, but it’s als abut dealing with the unavidable bad times.
Is Happiness Being Satisfied With What Yu Have?
Des the thught f “nt having enugh” truble yu all the time? Are yu always chasing smething bigger and better? At the end f the day, that kind f chase can undubtedly leave anyne empty and tired. And in that prcess, yu are missing ut n getting happiness frm plenty f things yu have right nw. Instead f fcusing n getting mre, yu need t fcus n all yu have in yur life at the present mment. When yu start sharing what yu have, yu find yur happiness cntinuusly increasing.
Sure, yu can wrk hard fr success. But success wn’t necessarily lead t happiness. True happiness is in the climb itself. S, fcus n being happy right nw. Be prud f where yu are in life and wh yu are. Be happy first, and embrace the jurney t success. Then yu’ll be able t achieve mre and perfrm better in many areas f yur life, and yu’ll als enjy the jurney t yur gals.
9．The wrd “guarantee” in Paragraph 3 is clsest in meaning t ________.
A．influenceB．requireC．prmiseD．prevent
10．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best heading fr Paragraph 4?
A．When D Yu Feel Truly Happy?
B．What Des Happiness Really Mean t Yu?
C．Hw Can Yu Fully Embrace Yur Happiness?
D．Why Is Refusing Negative Emtins Key t Happiness?
11．The writer prbably agrees that ________.
A．the mre yu achieve, the happier yu will be
B．ne can’t succeed withut giving up sme happiness
C．chasing great achievement s is necessary fr happiness
D．true happiness cmes frm enjying the jurney t success
12．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T help peple balance happiness and success.
B．T explain why success brings happiness t peple.
C．T stress the imprtance f bth happiness and success.
D．T guide peple t value happiness abve achieving success.
（2024·北京石景山·一模）The idea is nt new that the spaces we live and wrk in influence ur feelings and behaviurs. Winstn Churchill nted: “We shape ur buildings and then ur buildings shape us.” Buildings and the city envirnment have been fund t influence ur general emtin and wellbeing.
Architects (建筑师) have ften been fcused n their imaginatin and design abve hw a space may influence its residents (居住者). Hwever, there are a number f architects mving in a new directin, interested in creating peple-centred building designs.
Research carried ut by Clin Ellard f the University f Waterl, Canada, has fund that peple are ften strngly affected by building appearance. Cmplex (复杂的) and interesting appearance design influences peple much mre psitively than simple design.
Many studies have shwn the value f green space and wdland in a city envirnment and hw they can help t reduce the stress that cmes with city life. The visual (视觉的) cmplexity f green spaces plays int Ellard’s thery that the human brain prefers cmplex and lively envirnment. Anther study in Iceland in 2023 fund that streets which vary because f their architecture were the mst emtinally pleasant. This all leads t the idea that we want variatin in ur envirnments.
Anther research has shwn that grwing up in an city envirnment can duble a persn’s chance f develping prblems such as wrry. It shws that the stress f city life is smething that needs t be cnsidered and new spaces shuld be designed with stress management and wellness in mind.
It wuld be wrng t say style isn’t imprtant. We want things which lk fantastic as well as wrk practically, but things can g wrng and influence us negatively if style becmes mre imprtant than the building itself. Architects wh want t shw their skills must cnsider the purpse f the building. Fr example, schls shuld lk bright with pen spaces, green areas and cmfrtable crners fr reading and learning.
N ne wants a building t create bad feelings. If we can create spaces which appeal t residents, as well as achieving their purpse, then the end result is much mre satisfying and much mre likely t stand the test f time. Our cities are set t grw year n year with n end in sight, s we shuld make sure new develpment s are built mre with peple in mind.
13．What d yu knw abut architects frm the passage?
A．They are running ut f creativity.
B．Their stress needs t be cnsidered.
C．They have t take tests frm time t time.
D．Their design starts t fcus n human feelings.
14．The writer prbably agrees that _________.
A．there shuld be mre buildings in green clur in cities
B．visually cmplex design is mre likely t create stress
C．it is a must t cnsider the building itself and its style
D．buildings with simple appearance bring us cmfrt
15．The wrds “appeal t” in the last paragraph are clsest in meaning t _________.
A．pleaseB．huseC．shapeD．upset
16．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T criticize architects fr their great mistakes.
B．T call fr the peple-centred design f buildings.
C．T suggest hw t make architectures emtinally pleasant.
D．T stress the imprtance f architectures t a city envirnment.
（2024·北京大兴·一模）It is s easy t describe peple as being talented. Just lk at any headline praising a piece f artwrk, music, r ther great feat, and yu are likely t see the wrd “talented” r “gifted”. Hwever, is being talented a true marker f success?
Sme peple believe that talent plays a key rle in achieving success fast. Thse with natural ability in a particular field can ften gain success rapidly with less effrt. Fr example, a persn with a natural ear fr music may find it easier t learn t play an instrument. Take a lk at Wlfgang Mzart. He cmpsed his first musical masterpiece (杰作) at the age f 5. And at the age f 7, he went n his first turs t perfrm his abilities fr the wrld.
In the prcess f highlighting the “natural” gifts f achievers, hard wrk can get lst in the mix. The result is that many “talents” believe they nly need t depend n their innate (内在的) abilities in rder t prduce great wrks. Inevitably, this can lead t disappintment, frustratin, and even mental health prblems, because the reality is that talent alne is nt enugh.
One is ften led t believe that being naturally gifted is the ultimate prerequisite (最终的先决条件) fr success in any field. But almst every example f a big achievement invlves sme degree f putting in sme amunt f wrk. In athletics, fr example, standut athletes such as Michael Jrdan, Usain Blt, and Serena Williams are ften praised fr their natural abilities. Hwever, clser analysis f their careers shws that these athletes spent huge chunks f their lives practicing.
Aside frm wrking hard, talent can nly becme useful if the wner f that talent des what is necessary t expand (拓展) it. If yur talent is just being gd at playing the guitar, fr instance, that ability can nly get yu s far because there are many ther peple wh als knw their way arund the instrument. Hw will yu set yurself apart frm the crwd? Yu wuld d s by finding ways t expand yur guitar-playing capabilities, whether that means learning new finger tricks r mastering different types f guitars. Then yu will be mre successful than thers.
Nthing is wrng with having natural abilities. After all, everyne is brn t be gd at smething. Hwever, finding success at any level, and in any field, requires mre than talent. The relatinships yu create with peple and habits yu develp als play a rle in yur ability t grw yur career. But, ultimately, wrking hard is the main factr as t hw far yu can g.
17．The writer uses the example f Mzart t tell us that ________.
A．natural ability can help speed up success
B．being famus shuld be as early as pssible
C．talent can take the place f effrt cmpletely
D．everyne is brn t be gd at smething
18．What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The result f an art cmpetitin.
B．The achievements f famus talents.
C．The prblems f vervaluing innate abilities.
D．The prcess f prducing great wrks by talents.
19．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Hard wrk helps peple find ut their natural abilities easily.
B．Almst every great achievement requires a certain amunt f effrt.
C．Relatinships with peple and habits are mre imprtant than talent.
D．Talented peple are mre likely t succeed than hardwrking peple.
20．The writer prbably agrees that ________.
A．hard wrk brings peple mre success than talent des
B．talent gives peple a head start in achievement s in any field
C．having talent is nt enugh t ensure success unless talent is imprved
D．hard wrk is n mre necessary unless it is dne by peple successfully
（23-24九年级下·北京海淀·阶段练习）Much f my wrk as a cach includes helping peple make an imprtant decisin, such as “If I’m at a crssrads in my career, which path shuld I fllw?” “If I’m cnsidering ffers, which ne shuld I accept?”
Difficult decisins like these remind me f a cmment made by Sctt McNealy, CEO f Sun Micrsystems fr years during a lecture while I was in a business schl at Stanfrd. He was asked hw he made decisins and respnded, “It’s imprtant t make gd decisins. But I spend much less time and energy wrrying abut making the right decisin and much mre time and energy ensuring that any decisin I make turns ut right.”
In fact, befre we make any decisins, particularly thse difficult nes, we’re anxius t fcus n identifying the “best” ptin because f the risk f being “wrng”. But a side effect f that mindset (观念模式) is that we pay t much attentin t the mment f chice and lse sight f everything that fllws. It’s what happens next that finally determines whether a given decisin was “right”.
Anther aspect f this mindset is that ur fcus n making the “right” decisin can easily lead t paralysis (麻痹), because the ptins we’re chsing amng are s difficult t rank in the first place. Hw can we definitively determine in advance what career path will be “the best”, r what jb ffer we shuld accept? Obviusly, we can’t.
Fcusing n the effrt after ur decisin nt nly helps us succeed, but als reminds us that we play a rle in every utcme. Our cntrl shuld be in ur day-t-day activities rather than in ur ne-time decisin.
21．Which f the fllwing abut Sctt McNealy is TRUE?
A．He desn’t think making gd decisins is very imprtant fr him.
B．He tries his best t make his decisin turn ut right in the end.
C．He never cares abut whether his decisin is gd r nt.
D．He nly fcuses n the prcess rather than the utcme.
22．Mst peple feel anxius when making an imprtant decisin because they ______.
A．wrry abut the undesired result it may bring abut
B．can’t find a gd cach t give them advice
C．have n idea f what t expect
D．dn’t knw what t d next
23．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Believe in yurself and chse what yu want.
B．Stp wrrying abut making the right decisin.
C．Making the right decisin is very imprtant.
D．Never help thers make the right decisin.
（23-24九年级上·北京门头沟·期末）Mst f us cannt imagine mdern life withut scial media. We use it almst every day in rder t keep up with what is happening in ur friends’ lives r find ut the latest infrmatin. Althugh it has a bad influence if we dn’t use it prperly, scial media has dne mre gd than harm.
The greatest advantage is that we can cnnect with peple much mre easily. We are still able t keep in tuch with ur friends if they are far away. With scial media, friendship ges beynd gegraphy. We’re able t find friends ld and new. Als, it makes it easier fr us t make friends, especially fr thse wh are afraid f making friends face t face. Are yu shy? If yes, scial media has prbably helped.
Scial media is als ideal (理想的) fr making yurself heard. Anyne with a vice can express it. Anyne with a talent is free t shw it. Everyne is the new cntent (内容) creatr. Mrever, anyne with a smartphne and the Internet can be a reprter. As a result, it has becme much faster t cver the news than ever befre.
Scial media, n the ther hand, can make us less cnfident smetimes. A study published by the Public Library f Science, fund that the mre a persn uses scial media, the sadder he feels abut his wn life. One reasn fr this is that peple arund us put clurful infrmatin and perfect pictures nline in rder t shw ff their best mment. S we ften get a distrted sense f hw wnderful their lives are cmpared t ur wn.
Scial media des nt cause sadness; it simply prvides anther tl fr us t use. Is it gd r bad? Nbel Peace Prize winner Malala Yusafzai says, “What is interesting is the pwer and influence f scial media ... We must try t use scial media in a gd way.” After all, yu decide hw yu use this pwerful tl.
24．What can we learn abut scial media frm the passage?
A．We use scial media t nly recrd ur best side.
B．We can use scial media t find ut the shiest friends.
C．Scial media can help peple cnnect with thers mre easily.
D．Everyne can be a reprter in the Public Library f Science.
25．The wrd “distrted” in Paragraph 4 prbably means ________.
A．clearB．differentC．simpleD．incrrect
26．Which picture shws the structure (结构) f the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ...)
A．B．C．D．
27．Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the passage?
A．Scial Media: T Create Or Nt T Create?
B．Scial Media: Our Friend Or Enemy?
C．Scial Media: Cnnecting the Wrld
D．Scial Media: Making Yurself Heard
（23-24九年级上·北京通州·期末）As yur phne’s alarm blares (发出刺耳鸣响), yu slwly pen ne eye. Hw can it be mrning already? It seems like it was nly a few hurs ag that yu finished yur hmewrk. If this sunds familiar, yu’re nt alne. Many teens struggle t get enugh sleep.
Accrding t the Sleep Fundatin, nearly 60 percent f middle schl students and mre than 70 percent f high schl students in the U.S. aren’t getting the recmmended (被推荐的) 8.5 t 9.5 hurs f sleep a night. In Cherry Hill, New Jersey, a grup f students have frmed an rganizatin called Cherry Hill Students fr Later Schl Start Times. It wants lcal middle and high schls t push back the start f the schl day t 8:30 a.m.
In fact, schls in several states have changed t later start times in recent years. Research shws that inadequate (不足的) sleep can negatively affect students’ health and grades. Starting the schl day t early can deprive teens f much-needed sleep. Studies shw that well-rested teens are mre likely t get gd grades and less likely t suffer frm (患有) depressin.
As Aiden Rd, the c-funder f Cherry Hill Students fr Later Schl Start Times, explains, “Kids are healthier in general when they start later, and they d better in schl.”
Hwever, nt everyne thinks schls shuld push back the start f the schl day.
Many schl teachers say delaying (延迟) the start f the schl day wuld create a number f challenges. First, schl buses wuld have t be rescheduled, mre mney wuld be needed. There’s als cncern (担心) that later schl start times culd leave sme kids walking hme in the dark. Changing schl hurs culd als create child care prblems fr sme parents.
In additin, ppnents (反对者) say, later schl start times wuld leave teens with fewer hurs fr after-schl activities and hmewrk. That’s what Erin Isherwd, a parent in Chic, Califrnia is wrried abut. The start time at her kids’ high schl was pushed back 45 minutes this year. “My sn has an exercise class that he abslutely (绝对地) lves at a gym, nw he can’t g.” She explains.
28．The wrds “deprive teens f much-needed sleep” in Paragraph 3 are clsest in meaning t ________.
A．prvide teens with much-needed sleepB．increase teens’ much-needed sleep
C．take much-needed sleep away frm teensD．talk abut teens’ much-needed sleep
29．Accrding t the passage, what is a pssible benefit f later schl start times?
A．Students can get up early t d mre exercise.
B．Students can get mre knwledge abut their health.
C．Students can finish their hmewrk mre easily.
D．Students can get better grades.
30．Sme peple dn’t agree with later schl start times because ________.
A．students will have mre time fr after-schl activities
B．sme students will walk hme in the dark
C．students will have t take schl bus t schl
D．students will get enugh sleep
31．Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
A．Shuld Yur Schl Day Start Later?B．When Is the Right Time t Sleep?
C．What Can Students D After Schl?D．Is Enugh Sleep Gd r Bad fr Students?
（2023·北京东城·二模）With numbers f bks and curses helping us develp self-discipline(自律), it seems quite bvius that self-discipline is highly valued. Hwever, this may verstate the imprtance f being self-disciplined and make peple wrried. Peple with such wrries are likely t push themselves harder and harder. Once their energy is burned ut r their willpwer breaks dwn, they will feel upset.
In fact, being self-disciplined isn’t abut leading a restrictive(约束的)lifestyle. Althugh it seems t be usually cnnected with self-cntrl and willpwer, it still has t be based n respect fr ne’s wn free will and effective methds. Sme peple are caught in a “self-discipline trap(陷阱)” where they always wrk hard, and mistakes, failure and laziness are nt allwed. Is this really the way we can imprve urselves, r is it a way t make things wrse? Even thugh staying self-disciplined is beneficial fr self-imprvement, it’s never smething everyne must d in life.
Hw can we avid being ver self-restrained? Here are sme ideas.
Fllw yur wn energy flw and limit. Ging against it may prduce unpleasant results. Fr example, sleeping fr five hurs and then frcing yurself t get up fr a mrning run. The harm caused by nt getting enugh sleep may utweigh the gd brught by running.
Fllw yur wn heart. Infrmatin n the Internet has created a hidden cmpetitive envirnment where many gd examples lead the trends(潮流). Peple wh see these are mre likely t fllw. Listen t yur wn vice instead f thers. Think and decide whether it is what yu truly want.
Change yur gals and expectatins. Sme wh are ver self-restrained may set unrealistic gals and expectatins. They may never stp until it’s perfect, even thugh nthing culd really be perfect. Fr example, lsing 10 punds in a week. It then easily ges int an unhealthy cycle where they always set gals but never reach them.
Wrk smart instead f wrking hard. We might all have ever been stuck in a situatin where, n matter hw much effrt we’ve made, the prgress is slw. Have yu fund better ways t d it instead f just trying harder? Fr example, if I have a gal f learning 20 new wrds each day, I might fllw the Frgetting Curve(遗忘曲线)t d it mre effectively.
32．What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．The meaning f self-discipline.B．The ways t develp self-discipline.
C．The effects f being self-disciplined.D．The reasn fr being self-disciplined.
33．T avid being ver self-restrained, we shuld ________.
A．cnsider ther peple’s adviceB．fllw gd examples n the Internet
C．set up achievable gals and expectatinsD．raise ur energy limit t get gd results
34．Why des the writer use the example f learning new wrds in the last paragraph?
A．T stress the value f wrking hard.
B．T explain hw effrt influences prgress.
C．T suggest a gd way f learning a language.
D．T shw the imprtance f finding effective methds.
（2023·北京昌平·二模）Life can be wnderful, but in reality, it isn’t always s, n matter hw hard yu try. Sme gd things may happen cmpletely by chance, but it mstly depends n the effrt yu put in. And what abut bad things? The fact f living means yu’ll g thrugh hard times, yu wn’t always get what yu want, and yu’ll need resilience t get thrugh it.
Resilience is the ability t adapt (适应) t difficult cnditins in a psitive way. Resilient peple are thse wh can becme strnger by dealing with adversity. But resilience is mre than just “seeing the gd side f things”. It invlves, amng ther things, being able t effectively cntrl ur emtins. This will allw yu t face and vercme difficult situatins. Anther great thing abut resilience is that yu’re nt brn with a limited ability fr it. Instead it develps thrughut yur life as yu interact with yur envirnment.
T imprve yur resilience, yu need t knw which factrs (因素) influence it, bth persnal and envirnmental. That way, yu can wrk n each factr and learn hw t adapt t adversity in a psitive way.
First f all, yu have t accept what has happened. Obviusly, this desn’t just happen immediately after an unlucky event. It’s a step-by-step prcess that cmes with time and ften, the help f an experienced expert.
Next, it’s imprtant t be able t see the gd side f the situatin. In ther wrds, be psitive—just dn’t frget t be realistic. Yu shuldn’t just fcus n the negative things and frget abut the psitive, but yu als shuldn’t raise the psitive t an impssible level.
Lastly, having a sense f humr can help t imprve yur resilience hugely. Being able t laugh at yurself r the situatin is a wrthwhile tl that helps yu adapt t different adversities.
On tp f persnal factrs, there are als envirnmental factrs that influence yur ability t imprve yur resilience. When yu’re ging thrugh a difficult situatin, having specialized help can speed up the prcess f adaptatin. Yur scial supprt system makes a difference as well. Being able t depend n yur family, partners, and friends is an invaluable resurce.
It’s imprtant t keep all these factrs in mind when yu’re presented with difficult cnditins. It’s nrmal t struggle (挣扎) at first, but nbdy is brn knwing hw t adapt. The key is t knw which tls t use t imprve yur resilience and grw frm everything yu’ve been thrugh. As a result, yu can get up again when yu fall!
35．Yu mst prbably need resilience when ________
A．yu get the chance t perfrm in a schl play
B．yu cme back frm a trip with yur classmates
C．yu receive a pstcard frm yur sister in the UK
D．yu try t make up fr yur mistake in a sccer game
36．The underlined wrd “adversity” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________”.
A．unimprtant mattersB．pwerful emtins
C．unpleasant situatinsD．different relatinships
37．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Cntrlling ur emtins is required t g thrugh difficult times.
B．Specialized help is a lasting resurce fr ur family and friends.
C．Being psitive lets us fcus n the gd side and frget the bad side.
D．Laughing at urselves enables us t imprve the sense f humr hugely.
38．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T encurage us t imprve resilience by using prper tls.
B．T cmpare persnal and envirnmental factrs f resilience.
C．T tell the meaning f resilience and its influence n teenagers.
D．T shw us sme pssibilities created by imprving resilience.
参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A
【导语】本文介绍了人们在生活中会遇到很多实际行动违背自己内心价值观的情况，这会让我们感到不舒服，甚至带来严重后果，但只要通过反思、理解和有目的的实践，我们就可以弥合这种分歧，踏上自我发现之旅。
1．推理判断题。通读第一段可知，本段第一句提出了一个观点：几乎每个人都会经历实际行动违背内心价值观带来的不适感，下文列举了三个具体的例子。由此可推知，作者在第一段中举例子是为了具体描述这种普遍的人类经历。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“By develping a culture f penness and by understanding the challenges f aligning behavirs with beliefs, we can begin t break dwn what prevents us frm having cnversatin and change.”可知，这里指通过发展一种开放的文化，通过理解使行为与信念保持一致的挑战，人们能够开始突破那些不利于我们进行对话和改变的障碍。上文一直在说行为与信念的“不一致”，由此可推知，此处的“挑战”应指使行为与信念保持一致。画线词应意为“使一致”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
3．推理判断题。通读第三段尤其是第三句“Research supprts the idea that recgnizing this disagreement, tgether with mindfulness and pen cmmunicatin, can help with this prcess.”可知，作者认为意识到这种分歧，再加上保持警觉，进行坦诚的沟通，可以使人们发生改变。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了人们在生活中会遇到很多实际行动违背内心价值观的情况，这会让我们感到不舒服，甚至带来严重后果，但只要通过反思、理解和有目的的实践，我们就可以弥合这种分歧，踏上自我发现之旅。由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是鼓励人们忠于自己的信仰，坚守本心。故选A。
5．D 6．B 7．B 8．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讨论是什么让生活变得有意义。
5．推理判断题。根据“When peple are pen t appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these mments may imprve hw they see their wn life. We call this experiential appreciatin (EA).”可知，当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法，我们称之为体验欣赏。选项D“你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰”符合，故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据“Smetimes life enables us t experience small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these mments may imprve hw they see their wn life.”可知，生活让我们体验到美丽的小瞬间，当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法。故选B。
7．段落大意题。根据“This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. ”可知，我们经常忽略当下正在发生的一切。故选B。
8．主旨大意题。根据第三段“But we believe there is mre t cnsider.”本文主要讨论有意义的生活的一个新的要素，故选C。
9．C 10．B 11．D 12．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了幸福与成功的关系，分别介绍了成功能否带来幸福，真正的幸福意味着什么，幸福是否是满足于所拥有的东西。
9．词义猜测题。根据“Shrtly after achieving success, yu return t yur usual level f happiness.”可知，在取得成功后不久，你就会恢复到通常的幸福水平。结合“Success can cause a shrt-term increase in happiness, but it cannt guarantee a lasting ne.”可知，成功可以使幸福感在短期内增加，但不能保证持久，所以guarantee意思是“保证”，与prmise意思最相近。故选C。
10．最佳标题题。根据“Psitive psychlgy says that happiness is bth hw gd we feel in the present mment and hw gd we feel when we lk at ur lived lives... Happiness is abut being able t embrace (接受) the gd times, but it’s als abut dealing with the unavidable bad times.”可知，该段主要介绍了幸福是什么，故最佳小标题是“幸福对你来说到底意味着什么”，故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据“Be happy first, and embrace the jurney t success. Then yu’ll be able t achieve mre and perfrm better in many areas f yur life, and yu’ll als enjy the jurney t yur gals.”可知，首先要快乐，拥抱成功之旅。然后，你将能够在生活的许多领域取得更多成就，表现更好，你也将享受实现目标的旅程。由此推知，真正的幸福来自于享受成功之旅。故选D。
12． 推理判断题。本文通过介绍成功能否带来幸福，真正的幸福意味着什么，幸福是否是满足于所拥有的东西，从而幸福比取得成功更重要。故选D。
13．D 14．C 15．A 16．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了以人为本的建筑设计。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hwever, there are a number f architects mving in a new directin, interested in creating peple-centred building designs.”可知，有许多建筑师正朝着一个新的方向发展，他们对创造以人为本的建筑设计感兴趣，即他们的设计开始关注人类的感受。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第六段中“It wuld be wrng t say style isn’t imprtant. We want things which lk fantastic as well as wrk practically, but things can g wrng and influence us negatively if style becmes mre imprtant than the building itself.”可知，说风格不重要是错误的，我们想要看起来很棒又实用的东西，但是如果风格变得比建筑本身更重要，事情可能会出错并对我们产生负面影响；由此推知作者认为必须考虑建筑本身及其风格。故选C。
15．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“N ne wants a building t create bad feelings. If we can create spaces which appeal t residents, as well as achieving their purpse, then the end result is much mre satisfying and much mre likely t stand the test f time.”可知，没有人希望一栋建筑制造不好的感觉，如果我们能创造出吸引居民的空间，并达到他们的目的，那么最终的结果会更令人满意，也更有可能经得起时间的考验；由此可推测出“appeal t”与“please”意思相同，意为“使……满意”。故选A。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our cities are set t grw year n year with n end in sight, s we shuld make sure new develpments are built mre with peple in mind.”可知，我们的城市将逐年增长，看不到尽头，所以我们应该确保新开发项目的建设更多地考虑到人们；由此可推断出作者写这一段的主要目的是呼吁以人为本的建筑设计。故选B。
17．A 18．C 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文作者主要讲述了天赋对于成功来说固然重要，但是能让你走得更远的还是努力。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段“Sme peple believe that talent plays a key rle in achieving success fast. Thse with natural ability in a particular field can ften gain success rapidly with less effrt.”可知本段主要讲述天赋会让成功变得更快，因此可推断作者通过举莫扎特的例子主要为了说明天赋会加快成功的速度。故选A。
18．段落大意题。根据“Inevitably, this can lead t disappintment, frustratin, and even mental health prblems, because the reality is that talent alne is nt enugh.”可知太高估天赋的作用会导致失望，受挫甚至精神健康问题，因此本段主要讲述了太看重天生的能力会产生的问题。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据“But almst every example f a big achievement invlves sme degree f putting in sme amunt f wrk.”可知几乎所有的大成就都需要努力。故选B。
20．推理判断题。根据“Aside frm wrking hard, talent can nly becme useful if the wner f that talent des what is necessary t expand (拓展) it.”可知只有当拥有者做了拓展天赋的必要的事情，天赋才会起作用。因此可推断作者认为除非天赋得到提升，否则不足以保证能成功。故选C。
21．B 22．A 23．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了很多人很难做出重大决定，因为他们总是担忧没有出现自己想要的结果，文章告诉我们应关注我们付出的努力。
21．细节理解题。根据“But I spend much less time and energy wrrying abut making the right decisin and much mre time and energy ensuring that any decisin I make turns ut right.”可知他花在担心做出正确决定上的时间和精力要少得多，花在确保他做出的任何决定都是正确的上的时间要多得多，可见他尽力使自己的决定最终成为正确的。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“In fact, befre we make any decisins, particularly thse difficult nes, we’re anxius t fcus n identifying the ‘best’ ptin because f the risk f being ‘wrng’”可知事实上，在我们做出任何决定，特别是那些困难的决定之前，我们都急于集中精力确定“最佳”选择，因为有“错误”的风险，也就是说他们担心它可能带来的不希望的结果。故选A。
23．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了很多人很难做出重大决定，因为他们总是担忧没有出现自己想要的结果，文章告诉我们应关注我们付出的努力，所以文章是让我们别再担心做出正确的决定了。故选B。
24．C 25．D 26．A 27．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了社交媒体的利弊。
24．细节理解题。根据“The greatest advantage is that we can cnnect with peple much mre easily.”可知，社交媒体最大的优点是我们可以更容易地与人联系。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据“One reasn fr this is that peple arund us put clurful infrmatin and perfect pictures nline in rder t shw ff their best mment. S we ften get a distrted sense f hw wnderful their lives are cmpared t ur wn.”可知，我们周围的人把丰富多彩的信息和完美的图片放在网上，以展示他们最美好的时刻，因此，我们经常会有不正确的感觉，与我们自己的生活相比，他们的生活是多么美好，故此处划线部分意为“不正确的”，和incrrect意义相近。故选D。
26．篇章结构题。本文第一段引出话题；第二、第三段介绍了社交媒体的好处；第四段介绍了社交媒体的弊端；第五段进行了总结，选项A符合文章结构。故选A。
27．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了社交媒体的利弊，以选项B“社交媒体：我们的朋友还是敌人？”为标题最合适。故选B。
28．C 29．D 30．B 31．A
【导语】本文主要就是否应该推迟学生上学的时间进行了议论。
28．词句猜测题。根据“Starting the schl day t early”可知猜测出，此处是指青少年太早去上学会剥夺他们所需的睡眠时间。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“Research shws that inadequate (不足的) sleep can negatively affect students’ health and grades.”可知，如果推迟上学时间，学生将有足够的睡眠时间，那么他们将会取得更好的成绩。故选D。
30．细节理解题。根据“There’s als cncern (担心) that later schl start times culd leave sme kids walking hme in the dark.”可知，有人不赞成推迟上学的时间，因为这样学生要很晚才放学回家。故选B。
31．最佳标题题。根据“Research shws that inadequate (不足的) sleep can negatively affect students’ health and grades.”，“Hwever, nt everyne thinks schls shuld push back the start f the schl day.”，“In additin, ppnents (反对者) say, later schl start times wuld leave teens with fewer hurs fr after-schl activities and hmewrk.”及结合文章内容可知，本文主要就是否应该推迟上学的时间进行了议论。故选A。
32．A 33．C 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了过度自我约束的危害以及如何避免过度自我约束的方法。
32．主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“being self-disciplined isn’t abut leading a restrictive(约束的)lifestyle”和尾句“Even thugh staying self-disciplined is beneficial fr self-imprvement, it’s never smething everyne must d in life.”可知，本段主要讲了自律的含义。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据第五段“Listen t yur wn vice instead f thers.”可知，为了避免过的自我约束，我们应该遵从本心，A、B选项错误；根据第六段“Sme wh are ver self-restrained may set unrealistic gals and expectatins.”可知，为了避免过度的自我约束，我们应该设定恰当的目标和期望，C选项正确；根据第四段“Fllw yur wn energy flw and limit. Ging against it may prduce unpleasant results”可知，D选项提升能力极限是错误的。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Have yu fund better ways t d it instead f just trying harder?”可知，找到合适的方法比努力工作更重要。根据“I might fllw the Frgetting Curve(遗忘曲线)t d it mre effectively”可知，作者想通过这个例子说明有效的方法很重要。故选D。
35．D 36．C 37．A 38．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们遇到困难时需要有韧性，也介绍了影响韧性的因素以及如何发展我们的韧性。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段的“The fact f living means yu’ll g thrugh hard times, yu wn’t always get what yu want, and yu’ll need resilience t get thrugh it.”可知生活的事实意味着你会经历艰难的时期，你不会总是得到你想要的，你需要韧性来度过它。选项D“你试图在足球比赛中弥补你的错误”符合。故选D。
36．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Resilience is the ability t adapt (适应) t difficult cnditins in a psitive way. Resilient peple are thse wh can becme strnger by dealing with adversity. ”可知韧性是以积极的方式适应困难条件的能力。有韧性的人是那些可以通过应对……变得更强大的人。由此可推知是指不好的，困难的处境。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段的“It invlves, amng ther things, being able t effectively cntrl ur emtins. This will allw yu t face and vercme difficult situatins. ”可知除其他外，它涉及能够有效控制我们的情绪。这将使您能够面对和克服困难的情况。因此选项A“控制我们的情绪是度过困难时期所必需的”符合。故选A。
38．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，主要介绍了人们遇到困难时需要有韧性，也介绍了影响韧性的因素以及如何发展我们的韧性。选项A“鼓励我们使用适当的方法提高韧性”符合。故选A。