[英语]上海市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语]上海市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试试题(解析版)，共20页。
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.

A French bakery has becme a turist attractin in Nanping twnship, which is part f Zhuhai, a castal city in Guangdng prvince.
Papa Rmantic, lcated in Beishan cmmunity, attracts a large number f Chinese and freigners alike. After 1 (taste)the bakery’s bread, sme Chinese students wh have returned frm abrad have expressed admiratin, while freigners wh lived in Zhuhai but mved t ther Chinese cities such as Beijing 2 (cntinue) t have bread and pastries frm the shp 3 (ship) t them.
The bakery is a welcming envirnment fr thse wh want t sit and enjy authentic French cuisine.

On ne side is a well-preserved ld ancestral hall, and n the ther side are lush trees that prvide shade 4 the sun. The shp has a bright strefrnt, and the arma f the bread, the aluminum tables and the chairs under sun umbrellas display a peaceful atmsphere away frm the hustle and bustle.
At Papa Rmantic, the best-selling items include baguettes, crissants, sandwiches, crepes and ckies. In additin, sme unique treats such as fig bread and clrful macrns are als ppular amng yung custmers.
Owner and baker Rnan Salaun, 5 cmes frm the Brittany regin f France, said the ingredients at his bakery 6 (imprt), and he refuses t use chemicals r additives in his fd. 7 his friends return t France, they knw they need t bring him sme crystal salt frm a natural salt pnd in France. The black pepper he uses cmes frm Madagascar.
“Simple things are imprtant, and the quality f salt and pepper makes a big difference,” Salaun said.
While remaining true t his French rts, he has als taken int cnsideratin the dietary habits f Chinese peple. “Chinese lcals prefer sft crust bread, while French like the crusty ne. I sell bth kinds. I can’t just maintain the riginal characteristics; I must adapt t lcals’ preferences,” he said.
A frmer mechanical engineer, Salaun, was sent by a Hng Kng cmpany t wrk at a furniture factry in Wanzai twnship, Zhuhai, in Nvember 2000. He said he culdn’t have imagined hw much his life wuld change with that mve.
At that time, Wanzai was a tiny twn 8 (brder) Maca knwn fr its flwer trade.
Fr Salaun, life in Wanzai seemed simple and rustic. He remembers 9 when he wanted t take a bath, he had t heat the water up with firewd and then transprt the water in a bucket t the bathtub.
Althugh the living and wrking cnditins were nt as favrable as 10 abrad, Salaun grew t lve Zhuhai, which is lcated at the muth f the Pearl River.
【答案】1．tasting 2．cntinue 3．shipped 4．frm 5．wh 6．are imprted 7．Whenever/When 8．brdering 9．that 10．thse
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章是一篇关于广东省沿海城市珠海南坪镇一家法国面包店Papa Rmantic的新闻报道。文章描述了面包店的特色、店主兼面包师Rnan Salaun的背景、以及他对食材和烘焙的坚持，展现了这家面包店如何成为一个旅游景点，并吸引了大量中外顾客的喜爱。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一些从国外归来的中国学生尝过面包后表达了赞赏，而那些曾居住在珠海但移居到如北京等其他中国城市的外国人，也继续让店家将面包和糕点寄送给他们。非谓语动词担当介词后的宾语，表示主动关系，用动名词的主动式。故填tasting。
【2题详解】
考查时态。句意：一些从国外归来的中国学生尝过面包后表达了赞赏，而那些曾居住在珠海但移居到如北京等其他中国城市的外国人，也继续让店家将面包和糕点寄送给他们。这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意可知，从时态为一般现在时；主语为“freigners”，复数。故填cntinue。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一些从国外归来的中国学生尝过面包后表达了赞赏，而那些曾居住在珠海但移居到如北京等其他中国城市的外国人，也继续让店家将面包和糕点寄送给他们。非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，和宾语之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填shipped。
【4题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：一边是一座保存完好的古老祠堂，另一边是郁郁葱葱的树木，为人们提供了遮阳的地方。固定搭配prvide shade frm the sun，意为“提供遮阳处”。故填frm。
【5题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：店主兼面包师Rnan Salaun来自法国布列塔尼地区，他表示店里的食材都是进口的，并且他拒绝在食物中使用化学物质或添加剂。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Rnan Salaun”，指人，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词wh引导。故填wh。
【6题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：店主兼面包师Rnan Salaun来自法国布列塔尼地区，他表示店里的食材都是进口的，并且他拒绝在食物中使用化学物质或添加剂。这里为从句的谓语动词，根据上下文可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the ingredients”，复数，和动词“imprt”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填are imprted。
【7题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：当他的朋友们回到法国时，他们都知道需要给他带一些来自法国天然盐池的晶体盐。这里为状语从句的连接词，表示“当……时”或“无论……时”，用when或whenever引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填When或Whenever。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，湾仔是一个与澳门接壤的小镇，以花卉贸易而闻名。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a tiny twn”和动词“brder”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填brdering。
【9题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他记得，当他想洗澡时，必须用柴火烧水，然后将水用桶运到浴缸里。这里为宾语从句的连接词，分析句子成分可知，宾语从句不缺少成分，用that引导。故填that。
【10题详解】
考查代词。句意：虽然生活和工作条件不如国外，但Salaun渐渐爱上了位于珠江口的珠海。代指上文出现的名词“the living and wrking cnditins”，有后置定语，用冠词thse代指。故填thse。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.

A team f scientists led by Alejandr Arteaga, grantee f The Explrers Club Discvery Expeditins and researcher at Khamai Fundatin, discvered three new cryptzic (living undergrund) snakes dwelling under graveyards (墓地) and churches in remte twns in the Andes regin f Ecuadr.
It was an explratin that led t the mst 11 f places.
First published in the jurnal, Zkeys, Arteaga and his team named the small brwn clr-patterned snakes in hnr f institutins r peple supprting the explratin and 12 f remte clud frests in the trpics.
The Discvery Grund Snake (Atractus discvery) was fund undergrund in a small graveyard. Tw 13 new species were fund near an ld church and inside a small schl. Destructin f the snake’s native frest habitat may have frced them t 14 t these peple-less areas accrding t Arteaga’s findings.
Atractus discvery was named t hnr The Explrers Club Discvery Expeditin Grants 15 , a prgram seeking t fster scientific understanding fr the betterment f humanity and all life n Earth and beynd. The grant prgram supprts researchers and explrers frm arund the wrld in their quest t ease the climate change crisis, prevent the extinctin f species and cultures, and 16 the health f the Earth and its inhabitants.
Atractus zgap was named in hnr f the Zlgical Sciety fr the Cnservatin f Species and Ppulatins (ZGAP), a(n) 17 seeking t cnserve unknwn but highly endangered species and their natural envirnment.
Atractus michaelsabini was named in hnr f Michael Sabin, grandsn f American philanthrpist and cnservatinist Andrew Sabin. Thrugh cnservatin rganizatin Re:wild, the Sabin family has supprted field research f threatened reptiles and has prtected thusands f acres f 18 habitat thrughut the wrld.
“The discvery f these new snakes is nly the first step twards a much larger cnservatin prject,” says Arteaga. “We have already started the prcess f establishing a nature 19 t prtect the grund snakes. This actin wuld nt have been pssible withut first unveiling the existence f these unique and cryptic reptiles, even if it meant 20 disturbing the peace f the dead in the graveyard where they lived.”
【答案】11．K 12．A 13．I 14．B 15．F 16．G 17．D 18．E 19．J 20．C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个科学家小组在厄瓜多尔安第斯地区的新发现。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这次探险带我们来到了最意想不到的地方。根据空格后的places可知，此处用形容词unexpected表示“意想不到的”地方。故选K项。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：Arteaga和他的团队首次发表在Zkeys杂志上，将这种棕色图案的小蛇命名为支持探索和保护热带偏远云雾森林的机构或个人。分析句式结构可知，and前后应该是并列关系，所以此处用名词cnservatin表示“保护”与and前的explratin并列。故选A项。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：另外两个新物种在一座老教堂附近和一所小学校里被发现。根据空格后的new species可知，此处是指“另外”两个新物种被发现。故选I项。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：根据Arteaga的发现，蛇的原生森林栖息地遭到破坏，可能迫使它们迁移到这些无人居住的地区。根据下文“these peple-less areas(这些无人居住的地区)”可知，此处是指“迁移”到无人居住地区。故选B项。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：阿特拉克图斯的发现是为了纪念探险家俱乐部发现探险资助倡议而命名的，该项目旨在促进对人类和地球上所有生命的科学理解。根据下文的prgram可知，此处用名词initiative表示“倡议”符合语境。故选F项。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：该资助计划支持来自世界各地的研究人员和探险家，以缓解气候变化危机，防止物种和文化的灭绝，并确保地球及其居民的健康。根据下文“the health f the Earth and its inhabitants(地球及其居民的健康)”可知，此处用动词ensure表示“确保”居民的健康。故选G项。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：Atractus zgap的命名是为了纪念物种与种群保护动物学会(ZGAP)，这是一个旨在保护未知但高度濒危物种及其自然环境的项目。根据下文“seeking t cnserve unknwn but highly endangered species(寻求保护未知但高度濒危的物种)”可知，此处指的是一个“项目”。故选D项。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：通过保护组织Re:wild，萨宾家族支持对濒危爬行动物的实地研究，并在世界各地保护了数千英亩的重要栖息地。根据空格后的habitat可知，此处用形容词critical表示“重要的”栖息地。故选E项。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们已经开始建立一个自然保护区来保护地蛇。根据下文“t prtect the grund snakes(为了保护地蛇)”可知，此处是指建立自然“保护区”。故选J项。
【20题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果不首先揭示这些独特而神秘的爬行动物的存在，这一行动是不可能的，即使这意味着暂时扰乱了他们居住的墓地里死者的安宁。分析句式结构可知，此处用副词mmentarily作状语表示“暂时地”扰乱安宁。故选C项。
II.Reading Cmprehensin (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
In a bustling city in Arizna std a high schl where mst f the students live in pverty. Amng them were fur sns f Mexican immigrants, Juan, Oscar, Luis, and Alfred. These bys, cming frm 21 backgrunds, ften fund themselves verlked and underestimated. Bnded by fate and friendship, they shared a cmmn passin fr 22 . Tw science teachers there decided t enter their high schl int a cmplicated 23 rbtics cmpetitin spnsred by the NASA and the Naval Research. Excited fr the news, these fur bys signed up fr the cmpetitin.
With enthusiasm and energy, they started calling mechanical engineers fr design help. They were 24 that these kinds f rbts require glass syntactic fltatin fam, a type f flating material used in varius marine applicatins. 25 mney, all they culd affrd was sme PVC pipes and duct tape (强力胶布). 26 , they searched the city fr varius spare parts, gathering whatever they culd t bring their visin t life. With the teachers’ guidance and encuragement, they 27 tgether a rbt with n mre than metal and wires.
As they wrked n their rbt, the bys als faced persnal challenges. Juan struggled with the weight f family respnsibilities; Oscar 28 a deep-seated fear f failure; Luis’s heart ached frm the cnstant peers’ mckery (嘲笑) fr his 29 accent, and Alfred lnged fr acceptance and belnging. 30 these bstacles, they persevered, leaning n each ther fr supprt and inspiratin.
After a few test runs f their rbt, they piled int a secnd-hand van t head t the cmpetitin. Upn entering the main pl area, they nticed the cllege teams wearing matching utfits, with rbts spnsred by big cmpanies. Feeling a bit nervus, the bys put the rbt in the water fr a test run. 31 , the PVC didn’t hld up, causing the rbt t leak and sink.
Hwever, instead f letting this 32 ruin their spirits, the bys put their heads tgether and came up with a brilliant slutin. 12 hurs later, armed with 8 super-absrbent pads t plug the leak, the rbt was 33 int the pl again. This time, their rbt perfrmed admirably. Gliding gracefully thrugh the waters, it navigated the curse with precisin and speed, 34 the judges and audience alike. This underwater rbt, a symbl f their determinatin and 35 , cnquered the waters, defeated engineering pwerhuse MIT and ranked first in the cuntry. This was nt just a win fr thse fur but a victry fr every underdg with a dream.
21．A．academicB．relevantC．humbleD．prfessinal
22．A．spaceB．mechanicsC．researchD．cean
23．A．giantB．industrialC．underwaterD．lcal
24．A．advisedB．frcedC．challengedD．cnsulted
25．A．Reliant nB．Available tC．Shrt fD．Desperate fr
26．A．TherefreB．OtherwiseC．MreverD．Hwever
27．A．tiedB．piecedC．addedD．wrapped
28．A．cnqueredB．createdC．expressedD．battled
29．A．perfectB．strangeC．slightD．elegant
30．A．WithB．GivenC．DespiteD．Besides
31．A．UnfrtunatelyB．BasicallyC．ActuallyD．Cnsequently
32．A．disagreementB．failureC．cnflictD．prgress
33．A．scaledB．lweredC．insertedD．fed
34．A．bringB．cnfusingC．wwingD．mtivating
35．A．braveryB．genersityC．cnfidenceD．perseverance
【答案】 21．C 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四个来自贫困地区的学生参加水下机器人比赛并获胜的故事。
【21题详解】
句意：这些男孩出身卑微，经常发现自己被忽视和低估。academic学术的；relevant相关的；humble卑微的；prfessinal专业的。根据上文“In a bustling city in Arizna std a high schl where mst f the students live in pverty.(在亚利桑那州一个繁华的城市里有一所高中，那里的大多数学生生活贫困)”指这些男孩出身卑微。故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：命运和友谊把他们联系在一起，他们对机械有着共同的热情。space空间；mechanics机械学；research研究；cean海洋。根据后文“rbtics cmpetitin”可知，他们对机械有着共同的热情。故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：那里的两名科学老师决定让他们的高中参加一个由美国宇航局和海军研究所赞助的复杂的水下机器人比赛。giant巨大的；industrial工业的；underwater水下的；lcal当地的。根据后文“causing the rbt t leak and sink”可知，这是一个水下机器人比赛。故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：他们被告知这些类型的机器人需要玻璃复合漂浮泡沫，一种在各种海洋应用中使用的漂浮材料。advise告知，建议；frce迫使；challenge挑战；cnsult咨询。根据后文“these kinds f rbts require glass syntactic fltatin fam, a type f flating material used in varius marine applicatins”可知，此处指他们被告知比赛的要求。故选A。
【25题详解】
句意：由于缺钱，他们只能买得起一些PVC管和管道胶带。reliant n依赖……；available t可获得；shrt f缺乏；desperate fr渴望。根据后文“all they culd affrd was sme PVC pipes and duct tape”可知，由于缺钱，他们只能买得起一些PVC管和管道胶带。故选C。
【26题详解】
句意：因此，他们在城市里寻找各种备件，收集任何他们能把他们的愿景变为现实的东西。therefre因此；therwise否则；mrever此外；hwever然而。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用therefre。故选A。
【27题详解】
句意：在老师的指导和鼓励下，他们用金属和电线拼凑出了一个机器人。tie系；piece拼凑；add增加；wrap包裹。根据后文“tgether a rbt with n mre than metal and wires.”可知，此处指他们用金属和电线拼凑出了一个机器人。故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：胡安在家庭责任的重压下挣扎;奥斯卡与内心深处对失败的恐惧作斗争;路易斯的心因为同伴们对他奇怪口音的嘲笑而疼痛，阿尔弗雷多渴望被接纳和归属感。cnquer征服；create创造；express表达；battle战斗。根据后文“a deep-seated fear f failure”可知，此处指奥斯卡与内心深处对失败的恐惧作斗争。故选D。
【29题详解】
句意：胡安在家庭责任的重压下挣扎;奥斯卡与内心深处对失败的恐惧作斗争;路易斯的心因为同伴们对他奇怪口音的嘲笑而疼痛，阿尔弗雷多渴望被接纳和归属感。perfect完美的；strange奇怪的；slight稍微的；elegant优雅的。根据上文“Luis’s heart ached frm the cnstant peers’ mckery fr his”可知，路易斯的心因为同伴们对他奇怪口音的嘲笑而疼痛。故选B。
【30题详解】
句意：尽管困难重重，他们还是坚持了下来，互相依靠，互相鼓励。With和；Given考虑到；Despite尽管；Besides此外。根据后文“these bstacles, they persevered”可知，此处为让步关系，应用介词despite。故选C。
【31题详解】
句意：不幸的是，聚氯乙烯没有支撑住，导致机器人漏水并下沉。unfrtunately不幸地；basically基本上；actually实际上；cnsequently结果。根据后文“the PVC didn’t hld up, causing the rbt t leak and sink.”可知，不幸的是，聚氯乙烯没有支撑住，导致机器人漏水并下沉。故选A。
【32题详解】
句意：然而，男孩们并没有让这次失败毁掉他们的精神，而是集思广益，想出了一个绝妙的解决方案。disagreement分歧；failure失败；cnflict冲突；prgress进步。根据上文“the PVC didn’t hld up, causing the rbt t leak and sink.”可知，机器人下沉了，即遭遇了失败。故选B。
【33题详解】
句意：12小时后，配备了8块超强吸水垫来堵塞泄漏，机器人再次被放入水池中。scale攀登；lwer降低；insert插入；feed喂养。根据后文“int the pl again”可知，机器人再次被放入水池中。故选B。
【34题详解】
句意：它优雅地在水中滑行，以精确和速度导航，使评委和观众都惊叹不已。bre使无聊；cnfuse使困惑；ww称赞；mtivate激励。根据上文“Gliding gracefully thrugh the waters, it navigated the curse with precisin and speed”可知，此处指他们的机器人让评委和观众惊叹。故选C。
【35题详解】
句意：这个水下机器人，象征着他们的决心和毅力，征服了水，击败了工程强国麻省理工学院，排名全国第一。bravery勇敢；genersity慷慨；cnfidence自信；perseverance毅力。根据上文“determinatin and”可知，这个水下机器人，象征着他们的决心和毅力。故选D。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
A
I was sitting in my high schl classrm, nervusly tapping my pencil against the desk as I awaited the start f the English exam.
As the clck struck, signaling the beginning f the exam, my heart began t race. I pened the exam bklet and scanned the questins, and I felt a wave f panic ver me. The questins seemed freign, and the tpics unfamiliar. In a state f panic, I hurriedly wrte dwn my answers, hping that smehw, by sme strke f luck, they wuld be crrect. But as the minutes went by, I realized I culdn’t seem t make sense f the questins befre me. As the final bell rang, I handed in my paper with a heavy heart.
In the days that fllwed, I culdn’t shake the feeling f failure that hung ver me like a dark clud. I replayed the exam ver and ver in my mind, analyzing every questin, every answer, searching fr clues as t where I had gne wrng.
But in the depressin, a realizatin began t dawn n me — I had failed, yes, but I had als learned valuable lessns alng the way. Armed with this newfund wisdm, I ensured that I wuld d better next time. I threw myself int my studies with renewed determinatin, devuring bks and practicing past exams with an eagerness I had never knwn befre.
When the time came t retake the exam, I was ready. I apprached each questin with cnfidence and clarity, drawing upn the lessns I had learned frm my previus missteps.
When the results were annunced, I held my breath as I scanned the list f names. And there it was — my name, shining brightly amng the list f successful candidates. At that mment, all the hard wrk, all the late nights and early mrnings, were wrth it.
And as I lk back n that sunny afternn in the high schl classrm, I am grateful fr the lessns it taught me, and the persn it helped me becme.
36．Why did the authr panic when he first tk the exam?
A．He sat with a punding heart.
B．He fund the questins t difficult.
C．He was nt familiar with the freign language.
D．He was in a hurry when answering the questins.
37．What did the authr d after he failed in the exam?
A．He attended valuable lessns in schl.
B．He retk the exam ver and ver again.
C．He prmised t arm himself with eagerness.
D．He determined t engage himself in learning.
38．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “devuring” (paragraph 4)?
A．being targeted atB．being bliged fr
C．being absrbed inD．being credited t
39．Accrding t the passage, this experience helped the authr becme _____.
A．cheerful and cnsiderateB．bjective and demanding
C．tugh and perseveringD．prud and tlerant
【答案】36．B 37．D 38．C 39．C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从一次考试失败的经历中变得坚韧不拔的故事。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“I pened the exam bklet and scanned the questins, and I felt a wave f panic ver me. The questins seemed freign, and the tpics unfamiliar. (我打开考试手册，浏览了一下问题，我感到一阵恐慌。这些问题似乎很陌生，话题也很陌生。)”可知，他觉得这些问题太难了，所以参加考试时惊慌失措。故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段中“I threw myself int my studies with renewed determinatin, devuring bks and practicing past exams with an eagerness I had never knwn befre. (我以全新的决心投入到学习中，如饥似渴地啃书本，以前所未有的热情复习过去的考试。)”可知，作者考试不及格后决心专心学习。故选D。
【38题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第四段中“I threw myself int my studies with renewed determinatin (我以全新的决心投入到学习中)”可知，作者以全新的决心投入到学习中，全神贯注于书本，以前所未有的热情复习过去的考试。划线词的含义为“全神贯注于”。A. being targeted at针对；B. being bliged fr因某事而感谢；C. being absrbed in全神贯注于；D. being credited t归功于。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“But in the depressin, a realizatin began t dawn n me — I had failed, yes, but I had als learned valuable lessns alng the way. Armed with this newfund wisdm, I ensured that I wuld d better next time. I threw myself int my studies with renewed determinatin, devuring bks and practicing past exams with an eagerness I had never knwn befre. (但在沮丧中，我开始意识到——我失败了，是的，但我也在这条路上学到了宝贵的教训。有了这个新发现的智慧，我保证下次我会做得更好。我以全新的决心投入到学习中，如饥似渴地啃书本，以前所未有的热情复习过去的考试。)”和第六段中“At that mment, all the hard wrk, all the late nights and early mrnings, were wrth it. (在那一刻，所有的努力工作，所有的熬夜和早起，都是值得的。)”可知，这段经历帮助作者成为坚韧而坚持不懈的人。故选C。
B
Whether yu are attracted by landscapes r the after-effects f weather, there are pht pprtunities everywhere. The fllwing phtgraphy tips frm phtgraphers will help yu sht yur best sht.Get t knw yur subject and their habits
Take time t get t knw yur lcal wildlife befre shting, and yu might just capture smething truly special. Try t sht frm the perspective f the animal yu are filming. Resist the urge t just pint and click — take the time t bserve lcal wildlife and yu will see the rewards in yur phts.Capture details in a clse-up
Ging in clse can bring sme fascinating rewards in nature phtgraphy. Zming (聚焦) int plants with frst r picking up water drps n a spider’s web can help shw the beauty we might miss in everyday life. If yu’re zming in n ne particular subject, such as a bee landing n a flwer, yu culd end up with sft-fcus bjects in the backgrund t create added interest.Sht phts at best time f day
There are n hard and fast rules when it cmes t timing, and a shadw r lts f natural sunlight can prduce great results — it’s just best t avid extremes. T much bright light hitting yur camera lens (镜头) sensr will result in an verexpsed pht with little detail, while a dark sky full f stars might prvide t much cntrast between the backgrund and the subject yu are taking pictures f.Capture sharp, clear images
Althugh the delete buttn can be yur best friend, a few things will help yu avid unclear images. Keeping the camera stable is key, whether that’s thrugh a slid pse as yu stand ready t sht r using a supprt. A self-timer can als be a handy tl fr keeping yur hands away frm dials and settings nce yu have chsen yur sht.
40．Which f the fllwing is the benefit f “zming in” in shting?
A．It may be an aid t capture the delicate beauty in daily life.
B．It may be helpful t avid verexpsing phts with little detail.
C．It may bring abut deleting the backgrund t create added interest.
D．It may cntribute t fcusing n several particular subjects at a time.
41．What is a phtgrapher recmmended t d t sht satisfactry phts?
A．Chase the running rabbit when shting.
B．Fllw his instinct when shting.
C．Sht in bright daylight at midday.
D．Use a stable stand when shting.
42．Yu will find the tips abve mst useful if yu want t take phts _____.
A．at a wedding ceremnyB．while visiting an art gallery
C．n an excursin t the cuntrysideD．while walking n the street in a city
【答案】40．A 41．D 42．C
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个关于拍摄风景的建议。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Zming (聚焦) int plants with frst r picking up water drps n a spider’s web can help shw the beauty we might miss in everyday life. (放大到结霜的植物，或者在蜘蛛网上捡起水滴，都有助于展示我们在日常生活中可能错过的美。)”可知，放大拍摄的好处是可能有助于捕捉日常生活中的微妙之美。故选A。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Keeping the camera stable is key, whether that’s thrugh a slid pse as yu stand ready t sht r using a supprt. (保持相机稳定是关键，无论是通过一个坚实的姿势，当你准备拍摄或使用支持。)”可知，为了拍出令人满意的照片，摄影师应该拍摄时要站稳。故选D。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Whether yu are attracted by landscapes r the after-effects f weather, there are pht pprtunities everywhere. The fllwing phtgraphy tips frm phtgraphers will help yu sht yur best sht. (无论你是被风景所吸引，还是被天气的影响所吸引，到处都有拍照的机会。以下摄影师的摄影技巧将帮助你拍出最好的照片。)”可知，如果你想在乡间远足时拍照，你会发现上面的建议非常有用。故选C。
C
A frest in Staffrdshire (in the UK) transfrmed int a hi-tech labratry. Researchers here are investigating hw the trees use carbn, and it’s difficult t find ut. In an unusual experiment, extra carbn dixide is piped t the trees, t create the kind f atmspheric cnditins expected in the middle f the century. And instruments measure hw the frest reacts.
The scientist in charge says there’s still a lt t learn. And he wrries that gvernments and cmpanies are rushing t plant trees as an easy answer t climate change. “If yu try and use trees t tidy up the mess that we’re making thrugh emissins, yu are putting thse trees int a very rapidly changing climate and they will struggle t adapt,” said Prfessr Rb MacKenzie, University f Birmingham.
This device tracks the mvement f carbn dixide. In a healthy frest, the gas is nt nly absrbed by the trees but sme is released as well. What scientists here are finding ut is the way carbn flws int a frest and ut f it is a lt mre cmplicated than yu might think. S, if mass tree planting is meant t be a slutin t tackling climate change, the trees are ging t have t be mnitred and cared fr, ver nt just decades, but may be centuries as well.
Of all the challenges, the task f planting is the simplest. Shelby Barber frm Canada can d an amazing 4,000 trees in a day. “Peple talking abut planting millins billins f trees arund the wrld. Is it pssible d yu think, physically?” asked BBC．
“It’s definitely pssible with the right amunt f peple, the right grup f peple. I’ve persnally, in three years, planted just ver half a millin trees.” said Prfessr Rb MacKenzie.
Once planted, the trees need t survive, and experts are mixing different types t minimize the risk f disease. “It’s a bit like making sure yu dn’t put all yur eggs in ne basket, yu’re spreading ut yur risk. And then if ne part f that wdland fails, fr whatever reasn, it gets a disease r it can’t tlerate future climatic cnditins, there are ther parts f the frest that are healthy and able t fill in thse gaps.” said Eleanr Tew f Frestry England.
Suddenly there’s mmentum t plant trees n a scale never seen befre. S what matters is ding it in a way that ensures the frests thrive — s they really d help with climate change.
43．Why is extra carbn dixide piped t the trees in the experiment?
A．T predict the future atmspheric cnditins.
B．T imitate the pssible air cnditin in the future.
C．T create an instrument t measure atmspheric cnditins.
D．T investigate the quality f air cnditin in the future.
44．The underlined wrd “sme” in the secnd paragraph refers t __________.
A．xygenB．carbn dixideC．messD．purified gas
45．What will Eleanr Tew suggest cncerning the survival f the frest?
A．Minimizing the area f the wdland.
B．Studying future climatic cnditins.
C．Planting different types f trees.
D．Aviding mixing different species.
46．Which statement cncerning mass tree planting will Prfessr Rb Mackenzie mstly likely agree with?
A．It shuld be advcated in terms f efficiency and cnvenience.
B．It is the mst effective slutin t fighting climate changes.
C．It will d mre harm than gd t the health f the envirnment.
D．It needs t be studied further as a measure against climate change.
【答案】43．B 44．B 45．C 46．D
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在英国斯塔福郡的森林，研究人员利用高科技手段探究树木如何利用碳，并通过向树木输送额外的二氧化碳模拟未来气候条件。尽管种植树木是简单的，但科学家警告政府和公司不要过度依赖此举应对气候变化，强调需谨慎植树以确保森林的健康并适应未来气候。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“In an unusual experiment, extra carbn dixide is piped t the trees, t create the kind f atmspheric cnditins expected in the middle f the century.(在一项不同寻常的实验中，额外的二氧化碳通过管道输送到树木中，以创造出预计在本世纪中叶出现的那种大气条件。)”可知，实验中多余的二氧化碳会通过管道输送到树木中是为了模拟未来可能出现的空气状况。故选B。
【44题详解】
指代猜测题。根据第三段的“This device tracks the mvement f carbn dixide. In a healthy frest, the gas is nt nly absrbed by the trees but sme is released as well. What scientists here are finding ut is the way carbn flws int a frest and ut f it is a lt mre cmplicated than yu might think.(这个装置追踪二氧化碳的运动。在一个健康的森林里，气体不仅被树木吸收，而且一些也被释放出来。科学家们在这里发现的是碳流入和流出森林的方式比你想象的要复杂得多。) ”可知，二氧化碳既被树木吸入又被排出，则sme一词指代的是二氧化碳。故选B。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““It’s a bit like making sure yu dn’t put all yur eggs in ne basket, yu’re spreading ut yur risk. And then if ne part f that wdland fails, fr whatever reasn, it gets a disease r it can’t tlerate future climatic cnditins, there are ther parts f the frest that are healthy and able t fill in thse gaps.” said Eleanr Tew f Frestry England.(“这有点像确保你不要把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里，你是在分散风险。然后，如果森林的一部分因为某种原因，生病了，或者无法忍受未来的气候条件，那么森林的其他部分是健康的，能够填补这些空白。英国林业部门的埃莉诺·图说。)”可知，关于森林的生存，埃莉诺·图会提出了种植不同类型的树木来降低风险。故选C。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“The scientist in charge says there’s still a lt t learn. And he wrries that gvernments and cmpanies are rushing t plant trees as an easy answer t climate change. “If yu try and use trees t tidy up the mess that we’re making thrugh emissins, yu are putting thse trees int a very rapidly changing climate and they will struggle t adapt,” said Prfessr Rb MacKenzie, University f Birmingham.(负责这项研究的科学家表示，还有很多东西需要学习。他还担心，政府和企业急于种树，作为应对气候变化的简单办法。伯明翰大学的罗布·麦肯齐教授说：“如果你试图用树木来清理我们通过排放造成的混乱，你就是把这些树木放进了一个非常迅速变化的气候中，它们将很难适应。”)”可知，罗布·麦肯齐教授认为需要进一步研究和监测树木的种植，以确保它们真正有助于应对气候变化。因此罗伯·麦肯齐教授认为作为应对气候变化的一项措施，需要进一步对其进行研究。故选D。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passages. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
The Fight against Fast Furniture
Fast furniture is a term that refers t furniture that is prduced cheaply and quickly. These items are ften bad fr the envirnment because they are made frm materials that break easily and need t be replaced ften. 47
T help prtect the envirnment, a mvement t mve away frm fast furniture has begun. Many cmpanies are jining the fight by finding cleaner ways t manufacture furniture. Fr example, IKEA has agreed t switch t using renewable r recycled materials fr their furniture by the year 2030. 48
There is als a push t encurage shppers t buy mre used furniture fr their hmes. Small businesses that help transfrm ld chairs and sfas int cmpletely new prducts have even ppped up recently. At the end f the day, cnsumers will play the mst imprtant rle in the fight t end fast furniture. Shppers shuld try t think mre abut the lng term when preparing t purchase new furniture. They shuld stay away frm furniture that is made frm cheap materials like fiberbard r plastic because they will ften fall apart after a few years. 49
A much better alternative is furniture made frm real wd because it wn’t break as easily. If wd furniture is damaged, it can ften be repaired t last lnger. High-quality metals are anther gd material, as they are durable. If the furniture is n lnger fit fr use, these metals can still be recycled and used t make new prducts.
50 S, the next time yu buy furniture, think abut whether it’s smething that will last a lng time r it’s just fast furniture that will break sn and g int the trash.
A．It has als designed a special prgram that lets peple return used furniture pieces t its stres s they can be fixed and used again by cnsumers.
B．This wuld help t reduce verall waste, as it wuld extend the life cycle f ld furniture items.
C．Althugh these items may cst less initially, they are mre expensive because they will need t be replaced sner than traditinal pieces f furniture.
D．This creates a lt f pllutin, as the furniture ends up buried in landfills where it can harm the sil.
E．Hmewners are lking fr furniture that is kinder t the envirnment.
F．By chsing furniture that’s made t last, we can help reduce waste and prtect the envirnment.
【答案】47．D 48．A 49．C 50．F
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。为减少快速家具带来的污染从而保护环境，文章倡导使用环保材料，推广购买二手家具，延长家具的使用寿命。
【47题详解】
根据上文的“Fast furniture is a term that refers t furniture that is prduced cheaply and quickly. These items are ften bad fr the envirnment because they are made frm materials that break easily and need t be replaced ften.(快速家具是一个术语，指的是生产成本低、速度快的家具。这些物品通常对环境有害，因为它们是由容易破裂的材料制成的，需要经常更换。)”可知，D项(这造成了很多污染，因为家具最终被埋在垃圾填埋场，可能会损害土壤。)承接上文，说明了快速家具因为其特点会对土壤造成污染，故选D项。
【48题详解】
根据上文的“T help prtect the envirnment, a mvement t mve away frm fast furniture has begun. Many cmpanies are jining the fight by finding cleaner ways t manufacture furniture. Fr example, IKEA has agreed t switch t using renewable r recycled materials fr their furniture by the year 2030.(为了保护环境，一场远离快速家具的运动已经开始。许多公司通过寻找更清洁的方式来制造家具加入了这场斗争。例如，宜家已同意在2030年之前改用可再生或可回收材料制作家具。)”可知，A项(该公司还设计了一项特殊计划，让人们把用过的家具退回到它的商店，这样消费者就可以把它们修好再使用。)承接上文，说明了宜家公司共计采取了两种办法远离生产快速家具，故选A项。
【49题详解】
根据上文的“Shppers shuld try t think mre abut the lng term when preparing t purchase new furniture. They shuld stay away frm furniture that is made frm cheap materials like fiberbard r plastic because they will ften fall apart after a few years. (购物者在准备购买新家具时应尽量多考虑长远。他们应该远离由纤维板或塑料等廉价材料制成的家具，因为它们经常会在几年后分崩离析。)”可知，C项(虽然这些物品最初可能花费较少，但它们更贵，因为它们需要比传统家具更快地更换。)承接上文，说明了由纤维板或塑料等廉价材料制成的家具虽然短期看花费少，但因为更新周期短，因此更加昂贵，故选C项。
【50题详解】
根据下文的“S, the next time yu buy furniture, think abut whether it’s smething that will last a lng time r it’s just fast furniture that will break sn and g int the trash.(所以，下次你买家具的时候，考虑一下它是能用很长时间的家具，还是很快就会坏掉，然后被扔进垃圾桶的家具。)”可知，F项(通过选择耐用的家具，我们可以帮助减少浪费，保护环境。)承接上文，说明了消费者选择耐用的家具会给环境带来好处，故选F项。
III.Guided Writing （25分）
51．Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in120 -150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是上海市明启中学的高三学生李华，你的新西兰笔友Terry即将在下个学期来你们学校参加为期2个月的学习交流项目。他发来邮件，请你给他一些在上海生活和学习的建议。请你回复邮件。你的邮件须包含2～3条建议和相关理由。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Terry,
Happy t knw that yu will cme t ur schl t participate in a 2-mnth learning exchange prgram next semester, I’m writing t give yu sme suggestins n yur life and study here.
First, it is better t live in the drmitry, which can give yu mre chances t cmmunicate with yur classmates and knw mre abut ur schl. Besides, yu can g ut at night t Shanghai Bund t enjy its beauty and learn sme custms and cultures f the city. What’s the mst imprtant is that if yu can’t feel at hme at first, making vide calls t yur parents is a gd way t ease yur bad feelings.
Hpe my advice here can be f great help t yu. Lking frward t yur cming.
Yurs,
Li HuaA．cnservatin B．relcate C． mmentarily D．prgram E. critical
F. initiative G. ensure H. permanently I. additinal J. reserve K. unexpected