[英语][一模]2024届湖南新高考教学教研联盟高三下学期第一次联考(一模)英语试题(原题版+解析版)

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2024届湖南新高考教学教研联盟高三下学期第一次联考（一模）英语试题
1. Lnely Planet's Tp Places t G in 2024
Are yu lking fr inspiratin fr yur next travel destinatin? Lnely Planet has published its yearly list f tp places t g.
Whether yu're lking fr adventure, culture, r value, there's smething fr every type f traveler. Let's explre the. tp picks fr travel
destinatins in 2024.
Tp City: Nairbi
Nairbi, the Kenyan capital, was chsen fr its unique music and dance culture, and impressive lcal restaurants. Nairbi Natinal
Park, just a shrt drive ut f the city's central business district, is a must-see, where visitrs can see ver-400 species wandering the
pen grass plains while skyscrapers twinkle n the hrizn.
Tp Cuntry: Mnglia
Mnglia is lved fr its wide-pen spaces, adventure activities, and unique fd. The Mnglian gvernment has annunced 2023
thrugh. 2025: as: the “Years t Visit Mnglia“, easing entry cnditins fr internatinal travelers and imprving public facilities,
including a new ＄ 650 millin airprt.
Tp Sustainable Travel Destinatin: Spain
The publisher als recmmended Spain fr the cuntry's effrts t expand renewable energy, t develp ff-seasn travel, and t
bring turism t new destinatins, such as the prt city f Valencia, easing pressures n ht spts such as Barcelna.
Tp Best-Value Lcatin: The American Midwest
The American Midwest, including the cities f Chicag and Detrit, is als n the list, as it ffers a high-quality travel experience at a
reasnable cst. Visitrs can enjy excellent services and facilities. such as ld warehuses transfrmed int art studis, new ec-design
htels, and Michelin-starred restaurants, withut having t spend t much mney.
Tp Beach Destinatin: Dnegal
Dnegal Ireland's mst nrthwestern cunty, has the cuntry's lngest castline and ver 100 beaches, where visitrs can enjy the
highest sea cliffs in Eurpe and miles f beautiful castal hiking trails.
（ 1 ）2. What can peple d in Nairbi Natinal Park?
A. Enjy adventure activities.
C. See varius wild animals.
B. Taste lcal delicius cuisine.
D. Appreciate musical perfrmances.
（ 2 ）3. Why is The American Midwest cnsidered t be the Best-Value Lcatin?
A. It has simplified entry prcedures.
C. It cmbines art with natural scenery.
B. It ffers cst-effective experiences.
D. It prvides gd transprtatin services.
（ 3 ）4. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T entertain.
B. T analyse.
C. T infrm.
D. T reprt.
5. On December 16, 2023, the first sectin f Maya Train fficially pened, which runs between Campeche and Cancún, carrying up
t 231 passengers acrss 290 miles and stpping at 14 train statins.
Built as an ambitius effrt t prmte turism and bst Mexic's ecnmy, the rail system cnnects the majr cities and turist
regins f the Yucatán Peninsula-frm Cancún's beaches t Tulum's archaelgical （考古的） wnders. Once the prject is cmpleted,
the entire rail system will link turist destinatins acrss five states. Hwever, envirnmentalists and archaelgists argue that the train
rute will cause great damage t the envirnment and ancient Mayan sites.
The Maya Train passes thrugh six UNESCO Wrld Heritage sites, and thusands f archaelgical sites. One particular area f
cncern is the Calakmul bisphere reserve, which is hme t many endangered species, such as jaguars and ver 500 ther animal
species. The train lines, mre than 60 meters wide, culd act as artificial barriers that may limit the mvement f these animals within the
reserve, making it difficult fr them t mve arund and access fd and water surces.
Oppnents als express safety cncerns. Certain sectins f the rail system will be built right n tp f the aquifer's （地下水层的）
mst fragile pints f cntact with the surface. "It's like wanting t build ver eggshells, says Guillerm Christy, a water treatment
cnsultant." Putting trains weighing thusands f tns n tp culd cause the undergrund caves t crash dwn. T cnstruct the train
infrastructure （基础设施） als requires driving lng piles deep int the grund, which pses a big threat t this fragile ecsystem and
leads t water shrtages.

In the nging debate f Maya Train, it is crucial t cnsider the delicate balance between ecnmic develpment and
envirnmental preservatin. While Maya Train may prvide ecnmic benefits, we must nt verlk the ptential envirnmental and
cultural lsses, as well as the safety risks it may bring. Achieving harmny between prgress and cnservatin may be a significant
challenge fr the prject, but we must take int accunt the lng-term cnsequences f ur actins.
（ 1 ）6. What d we knw abut the Maya Train prject?
A. It cnsumes lts f labr in Mexic.
B. It was cmpleted n December 16, 2023.
D. It blcks the develpment f lcal turism.
C. It has cncerned sme prfessinals.
（ 2 ）7. What is the effect f the train lines n the animals in the reserve?
A. They disturb their sleeping patterns.
B. They restrict their activities.
C. They pllute their water surces.
D. They engage their enemies t the area.
（ 3 ）8. Why des the authr mentin "eggshells" in paragraph 4?
A. T shw the difficulty f cnstructing the rail lines.
B. T prve the urgency f prtecting the fragile ecsystem.
C. T explain the reasns fr water shrtages alng the railway.
D. T stress the ptential harm f Maya Train t the aquifer system.
（ 4 ）9. Which statement wuld the authr prbably agree with?
A. Preserving cultural sites requires strng financial supprt.
B. It is time t speed up the cnstructin prcess f Maya Train.
C. Ecnmic develpment shuld nt cme at the expense f the envirnment.
D. We shuld prize the ecnmic benefits f the prject in the lng run.
10. Gelgists have lng been fascinated by a missing piece f Earth's histry—a lst cntinent called Argland. Arund 155 millin
years ag, the 5, 000-kilmeter cntinent brke ff frm Western Australia and began drifting（漂移）, leaving behind a basin deep
belw the cean knwn as the Arg Abyssal Plain. But where did Argland actually g?
The seabed structure suggests that the cntinent drifted nrthwestward and ended up Sutheast Asia. But surprisingly, there is n
large cntinent hidden beneath thse islands, nly small cntinental fragments（碎片） surrunded by ancient ceanic basins. Using this
thery, gelgists at Utrecht University discvered that Argland hadn't really disappeared but survived as a "very extended and
fragmented cllectin" under the islands t the east f Indnesia.
Unlike ther cntinents like Africa and Suth America, which brke neatly int tw pieces, Argland split int many smaller
fragments that were dispersed, which made it difficult fr scientists t lcate and study the cntinent's gelgical features. Hwever,
with advanced technlgy and the discvery, scientists can nw piece them tgether.
Tracing the cntinents is vital fr understanding prcesses like the evlutin f bidiversity. It culd help explain smething knwn
as the mysterius Wallace line, which is an imaginary bundary that separates mammals, birds, and even early human species in
Sutheast Asian islands. The bundary has puzzled scientists because f hw clearly it separates the island's wildlife. T the west f the
line are placental mammals like apes and elephants. But these are almst cmpletely absent t the east, where yu can find marsupials
and cckats—animals typically assciated with Australia. Researchers have therized that this may be because Argland carried its
wn wildlife away frm Australia befre it crashed int Sutheast Asia, which helps explain why different species are fund in different
natins.
The stry f Argland is nt ne f cmplete disappearance but f transfrmatin. As the wrld cntinues t evlve, this lst
cntinent serves as a pwerful symbl f the fragility f life n this planet, and a reminder f the imprtance f respecting and
prtecting the wrld that we live in.
（ 1 ）11. What d we knw abut Argland?
A. It split int tw pieces many years ag.
B. It brke away frm the cntinent f Africa.
C. It sank t the bttm f the Arg Abyssal Plain.
D. It exists as fragments under the eastern islands f Indnesia.
（ 2 ）12. What des the underlined wrd "dispersed" in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Crashed.
B. Cnnected.
C. Distributed.
D. Disappeared.
（ 3 ）13. Why des the authr mentin the "Wallace line" in paragraph 4?
A. T intrduce the early histry f Argland.
B. T stress the significance f tracing Argland.
C. T prve the bidiversity f Sutheast Asian islands.
D. T explain the evlutinary prcess f Australian species.

（ 4 ）14. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. The Discvery f a Lst Cntinent
B. The Bundaries f Wildlife Habitats
C. The Gelgical Features f Argland
D. The Frmatin f the Arg Abyssal Plain
15. A lt f manufactured glass tday made frm sand and sdium carbnate （碳酸钠） can be reused r melted dwn and
recycled int new items, but it desn't break dwn in the envirnment and will sit in landfills fr thusands f years. A team f Chinese
scientists aimed t deal with this envirnmental cncern by develping an ec-cnscius alternative.
In a study published recently in the jurnal Science Advances, a team at the Chinese Academy f Sciences' Institute f Prcess
Engineering describe hw they engineered bidegradable glass made frm amin acids （氨基酸）. That glass wuld have a smaller
impact n the envirnment and can break dwn in a few weeks r in several mnths.
In a test, glass beads （珠） made ut f amin acids were placed under the skin f mice, and the breakdwn f the beads and the
skin healing prcess were bserved fr 30 days. A diagram frm the study shws hw the mice's bdies brke dwn the beads. In that
mnth, the glass implant degraded beneath the skin, the wund site healed, and fur grew back. "Thrughut the experimental perid,
n mice exhibited any pain-related behavir that may have been caused by the glass implantatin, and nne f them experienced
bvius weight lss, " the researchers wrte in their paper.
Althugh amin acids d degrade ver time in the envirnment, this bidegradable glass is nt as durable as traditinal glass,
because amin acids can break dwn quickly in heat. In rder t vercme this hurdle, the researchers chemically mdified the amin
acids using the heating-cling prcedure applied in glass manufacturing. This is when materials fr the glass are heated t becme sft
and then rapidly cled s as t make the glass tugher.
"It's imprtant t pint ut that this bidegradable glass is currently in the lab stage, and far frm large-scale cmmercializatin, "
emphasized Yan Xuehai, a prfessr invlved in the study, in a press release.
（ 1 ）16. What is an advantage f the new glass?
A. It can be recycled at a lw cst.
B. It is prduced withut pllutin.
D. It has a wide range f applicatins.
C. It takes less time t. break dwn.
（ 2 ）17. Why did researchers implant glass beads inside mice?
A. T assess whether the glass is bilgically harmless.
B. T investigate why amin acids are medically useful.
C. T explre hw lng it takes fr the glass t degrade.
D. T bserve if the glass can be melt dwn in mice's stmach.
（ 3 ）18. What des the underlined wrd "hurdle" in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. The instability f amin acids.
B. The difficulty f selecting materials fr the glass.
D. The challenge f imprving the heating-cling prcedure.
C. Envirnmental prblems caused by traditinal glass.
（ 4 ）19. What is the attitude f Yan Xuehai twards the new glass's launch n the market?
A. Optimistic. B. Critical. C. Indifferent.
D. Uncertain.
20. If yu have ever lked clsely at the tires n yur car, yu have prbably seen little hairs sticking ut f the black
rubber.
abut.
1
Are they there fr any safety reasns? Thse little bits are ne f the strange car features sme peple may stp t think
Lcated n the vertical part f the tire, these curius little rubber hairs are knwn as "vent spews （轮胎毛刺）" . They are crucial in
the tire-making prcess. As the tread pattern mld （胎面花纹模具） is pressed int the tire's rubber, the extra rubber requires a way t
escape the mld.
Curiusly, there's n set number f hairs each tire will have.
than remnants （残余部分） f the cmplex prcess that makes strng and durable tires.
Because they are fund n the part f the tire rubber that desn't hit the rad, and they have n impact n hw well yur
2
3
But the presence f tire hairs is universal. They are nthing mre
4
tire grips （抓牢） the pavement in rainy weather. These rubber hairs als dn't have any impact n rad nise r why yur tires squeak
when yu're driving. They are merely evidence f the new tire's arrival in the wrld.
Tire hairs are naturally wrn away during nrmal driving, and the presence r absence f these hairs desn't determine if a tire is
safe. There is ne instance, hwever, where the lack f tire hairs can matter.
health f yur tires regularly.
5
As a respnsible car wner, yu shuld mnitr the
A. Why d tires have hairs?
B. Tire hairs dn't have any effect n safe driving.

C. Are there any ther interesting facts abut cars?
D. They lk funny, yet every new car tire has them.
E. It culd be a sign that tires are wrn, ld and need t be replaced.
F. The exact number varies based n the design and size f the tires.
G. Because tiny-size escape vents are created thrughut each mld, little tire hairs are brn.
21. One sunny afternn, Jack and I rde hard twards his huse. The sun shne
1
n Jack's black bicycle. Yu wuld never
. Jack was always neat and tidy, but his
see his bike with
2
n it. As I bent ver, I tk a glimpse f Jack's shining schl
. I ften if he wned anything else.
3
clthes were ld and
4
5
We turned int a street lined with small, ld railway huses. Jack pened a gate and we went thrugh it. I gt ff my bike
it against the garage wall. It was a small, whitewashed huse. The tiny area f lawn was neatly
We went in by the back dr. The kitchen had a cupbard, a small dining table with three chairs and an ancient cker. Everything
clean.
In Jack's rm, it had a bed, a ne-dr clset, and a table. Several bks were
and n the ther crner 10 a mdel steam engine. Jack demnstrated t me hw the engine
a brad smile spread ver it.
Feeling ashamed, I reflected that I grew up in a
and
was
6
7
.
8
9
against the wall n ne crner f the table,
11 . I lked at Jack's face and
12
wealthy hme. My clset was
13
with new and fashinable clthes. I
had a state-f-the-art ten-speed racing bike.
had almst nthing, but he was happy and
what I've gt.
14
15
, I ften did nt appreciate what I had. I tk it all fr granted. By cntrast, Jack
. Thank yu, Jack, fr unknwingly teaching me the value f being satisfied with
1. A. briefly
2. A. dirt
B. regularly
C. slwly
D. brightly
D. damage
D. hat
B. decratins
B. tie
C. passengers
C. shes
3. A. cat
4. A. generus
5. A. meant
6. A. prtected
7. A. drawn
8. A. nearly
9. A. spread
10.A. lied
B. clean
C. wrn
D. ugly
B. wndered
B. accepted
B. crssed
B. sptlessly
B. stred
C. argued
C. rested
D. knew
D. cvered
D. shaped
D. severely
D. hidden
D. put
C. waved
C. naturally
C. placed
C. set
B. std
11.A. rse
B. admitted
B. humbly
B. engaged
B. Nevertheless
B. mdest
C. flamed
C. traditinally
C. equipped
C. Otherwise
C. curius
D. wrked
D. respectively
D. surrunded
D. Subsequently
D. cntent
12.A. relatively
13.A. stuffed
14.A. Therefre
15.A. energetic
22. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's a race against time, as generatins f cultural heritage cnservatrs at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effrt t prtect the
artistic charm f the Mga Caves, UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site.
The team (devte) t prtecting the 45, 000 square meters f murals （壁画） and mre than 2, 400 painted sculptures f
the 735 caves f the site, the cnstructin f takes abut a thusand years, frm the 4th century t the 14th century. The cultural
relics are the prduct f the cultural exchanges that tk place ver (century)n the ancient Silk Rad.
Cmmnly (see) "diseases" affecting the murals include cracking and flaking, as well as ersin that is caused by changes in
temperature and humidity f the caves, and the depsitin f salts. T restre a mural requires an all-runder. Restrers shuld knw
painting, master the skills f a masn （石匠） and have sme knwledge f chemistry and physics, (be) able t recgnize the
prblems and their (crrespnd) causes and deliver a slutin. They must als select prper materials and tls, and cnduct
experiments, frmally carrying ut the restratin and evaluating the effect afterward.
The restratin shuld respect the riginal wrk and aim t maintain the status qu f the murals rather than repainting them.
When the restrers find sme parts f murals missing fading away, they never repaint them t create a
"perfect" 10 (appear) in restratin.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

23. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Lucy的生日即将到来，你特意给她寄了一些具有中国特色的礼物。请你给她写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 你的祝福；
2. 简要介绍你的礼物；
3. 表达期望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3, 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Lucy,
Yurs,
Li Hua
24. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As the sun dipped belw the hrizn, casting a warm glw ver the animal shelter, Sarah walked thrugh the rws f cages until her
eyes landed n a small, trembling dg huddled （蜷缩） in the crner. "I think I've fund the ne, " Sarah whispered sftly t herself as
she lked int the dg's sad eyes. This timid, abandned dg had n idea that a jurney f transfrmatin with friendly peple lay in
stre fr him.
The shelter staff explained that the dg, named Buddy, had a difficult past and was very shy and scared. Sarah extended a hand,
ffering a sthing tne, "Hey sweetie, yu must have a stry t tell, but frm nw n, yu've gt a buddy in me. "
Bringing Buddy hme was just the beginning f their jurney, which was rcky at first fr him. Everything was strange and new,
causing him t hide under furniture and startle at every sund. Therefre, Sarah prvided a czy bed, delicius meals, and mst
imprtantly, heaps f lve and cmfrt.
Slwly but surely, he started t emerge frm his shell, wagging his tail tentatively and gazing at Sarah with a glimmer f hpe in his
eyes. Under Sarah's patient and lving guidance, Buddy flurished, even learning tricks and cmmands, and frming a deep bnd with
his new wner.
The jurney f healing turned ut t be a success. But Sarah had never expected it wuld bring abut anther ne.
One day, while scrlling thrugh scial media, Sarah came acrss a heartwarming stry abut dgs being trained t assist children
with autism （自闭症）. Thse children had scial cmmunicatin difficulties and had few facial expressins and gestures. Withut
hesitatin, she inquired abut the prgram and sn, Buddy was enrlled in training t becme a certified therapy（治疗） dg. But she
was unsure whether Buddy wuld be cmfrtable with the new challenge.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Their first day at the therapy center was filled with uncertainty.
As the weeks prgressed, Sarah nticed a remarkable change bth in the children and Buddy.