新高考专用备战2024年高考英语易错题精选易错点19完形填空4大陷阱教师版

这是一份新高考专用备战2024年高考英语易错题精选易错点19完形填空4大陷阱教师版，共68页。

易错陷阱1：句中题易混易错点。
【分析】
句中题指设空处的答案由设空处本身所在的单句逻辑意思即可确定选项。
易错陷阱2：句组易混易错点。
【分析】
句组层次的题由设空处所在的单句无法辨别，需要根据其所在句子的前后句组的信息才可以确定正确选项。
易错陷阱3：语篇易混易错点。
【分析】
语篇层次的题在设空处所在的句中和前后句组内往往不能确定选项，需要浏览全文，根据其他段落或综合全篇信息才能得出正确答案。
易错陷阱4： 熟词生义易混易错点。
【分析】
【易错点提醒一】 句中题易混易错点
【例1】（2022年全国甲卷）
When I first dated Steve, I 43 he had a dg, Mlly, and a cat, Flra. While I was 44 that he was an animal lver, I 45 that three dgs were perhaps t many, and my dgs might attack 46.Flra, the cat.
43．A．fearedB．dubtedC．hpedD．learned
44．A．unsatisfiedB．amusedC．terrifiedD．thrilled
45．A．predictedB．wrriedC．regrettedD．insisted
【答案】43．D 44．D 45．B
易错分析：脱离语境，未关主句内信息，“第一次见到时，他有一只狗”。按照常理即可推知43题答案。不关注animal lver对应的心理暗示则44空易误选C项。45处忽视句内暗示t many也易出错。
【解析】
句中题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Mlly的狗和一只名叫Flra的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. dubted怀疑；C. hped希望；D. learned了解到。根据“he had a dg, Mlly, and a cat, Flra”可知，此处是指了解到这一情况。故选D。
句中题。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flra。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled非常开心的。根据前文“Fr many years, I enjyed living with my dgs, Tilly and Chance.”(多年来，我喜欢和我的狗——蒂莉和吉斯——一起生活。)可知，“我”很高兴他是一个动物爱好者。故选D。
45．句中题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flra。A. predicted预测；B. wrried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。根据“three dgs were perhaps t many, and my dgs might attack”可知，此处是指“我”很担心。故选B。
【变式1】（福建省福州高级中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题）
A mistake made six years ag has turned int a hliday traditin. A grandmther wh mistakenly 21 a stranger t attend the family’s Thanksgiving dinner in 2016 ended up making a 22 , and nw the pair have 23 the hliday tgether every year since. This year is n exceptin.
21．A．remindedB．invitedC．frcedD．allwed
22．A．friendB．dealC．decisinD．stry
23．A．plannedB．rganizedC．celebratedD．Bked
易错分析：本句属于长难句，定语从句理解不当易引起句子的歧义，造成只关注短语选错答案。23处也可句内意思息息相关。
【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C
【解析】21．句中题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友，从那以后，这对陌生人每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。A. reminded提醒；B. invited邀请；C. frced迫使；D. allwed允许。根据“a stranger t attend the family’s Thanksgiving dinner”以及下文“nw the pair have 3 the hliday tgether”可知，此处为一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐。故选B项。
句中题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友，从那以后，这对夫妇每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。A. friend朋友；B. deal交易；C. decisin决定；D. stry故事。根据下文“and nw the pair have 3 the hliday tgether every year since.”可推知，此处为一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友。故选A项。
23．句中题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友，从那以后，这对夫妇每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。A. planned计划；B. rganized组织；C. celebrated庆祝；D. bked预定。根据上文提到的一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友，以及该句中的“the hliday tgether every year since.”可推知，此处为从那以后，这对陌生人每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。故选C项。
【变式2】（山东省曲阜师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年质量检测）
... Study had t be dne 25 his farm - wrk rutines. He withdrew frm many schl activities because he didn’t have the time r the 26.clthes .
A．betweenB．duringC．verD．Thrugh
【答案】A
【解析】句中题。考查介词词义及语境理解。句意：他必须在农活的间隙进行学习。A. between在……之间；B. during在……期间；C. ver在……上方；D. thrugh穿过。学习不得不在日常农活之间完成。故选A。
【变式3】（吉林省长春市第二实验中学2023-2024学年高三试题）
The sund gradually became luder, until I culd 29 it as an ambulance drawing near frm behind. What did we d?
29．A．representB．regardC．recmmendD．Identify
易错分析：不关注until之间的主句。
【答案】 D
【解析】句中题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：声音越来越大，直到我能认出那是一辆救护车从后面靠近。A. represent代表；B. regard认为，看待；C. recmmend推荐；D. identify确认，识别。根据语境及下文“an ambulance drawing near frm behind”可知，声音逐渐变大，直到作者辨认出是救护车从后面驶来，故选D。
【易错点提醒二】 句组题易混易错点
【例2】（2023年新高考I卷）
On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have ____21____ the curse earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a __23.cmpetitr__ acrss the finish line.
21. A. designedB. fllwedC. changedD. finished
22. A. delayB. chanceC. trubleD. excuse
易错分析：两处均属句组题，即在设空处本身的句子无法正确判断，但可以互相借助前后句组得知设空处意思，故一定瞻前顾后做完形。
【答案】21. D 22. A
【解析】
21.句组题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. fllwed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get ____8____ attentin”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
22.句组题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. truble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey shuld have ____1____ the curse earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
【变式1】（福建省福州高级中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题）
In 2016, Wanda Dench tried t text her grandsn abut the family’s Thanksgiving dinner plans, but she 24 added a stranger t the message. Jamal Hintn was n the receiving end f the hliday text and jkingly accepted her 25 .
24．A．carefullyB．purpsefullyC．secretlyD．accidentally
25．A．giftB．ideaC．fferD．Aplgy
【答案】 24．D 25．C
【解析】
24.句中题。考查副词词义辨析。句意：2016年，旺达·丹奇(Wanda Dench)试图给孙子发短信，告诉他家里的感恩节晚餐计划，但她不小心在短信里添加了一个陌生人。A. carefully仔细地；B. purpsefully有目的地；C. secretly秘密地；D. accidentally不小心地。根据上文提到的试图给孙子发短信，告诉他家里的感恩节晚餐计划，以及该句中的but 转折和“added a stranger t the message.”可推知，此处为她不小心在短信里添加了一个陌生人。故选D项。
25．句组题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：贾马尔·辛顿收到了这条节日短信，并开玩笑地接受了她的邀请。A. gift礼物；B. idea主意；C. ffer提议，邀请；D. aplgy道歉。根据上文提到的祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友。以及该句中的“accepted”可知，此处为贾马尔·辛顿开玩笑地接受了她的邀请。故选C项。
【变式2】（山东省曲阜师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年质量检测）
Dale Carnegie rse frm the unknwn f a Missuri farm t internatinal fame because he fund a way t fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first 22 back in 1906 when yung Dale was a junir at State Teachers Cllege in Warrens burg. T get an 23 , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was pr. His dad culdn’t affrd the 24 at cllege, s Dale had t ride hrseback 12 miles t attend classes.
22．A．admittedB．filledC．suppliedD．recgnized
23．A．assignmentB．educatinC．advantageD．instructin
24．A．trainingB．bardC．teachingD．Equipment
【答案】22．D 23．B 24．B
【解析】
22.考查动词词义及语境理解。句意：早在1906年，当年轻戴尔还是华伦斯堡州立师范学院的一名三年级学生时，他就意识到了这种需求。A. admitted承认；B. filled装满；C. supplied提供；D. recgnized认出，识别。根据第一段中的he fund a way t fill a universal human need.和第1空后的back in 1906 when yung Dale was a junir at State Teachers Cllege in Warrens burg.可知，很早他就“意识到”这种需要。故选D。
23．考查名词义辨析及语境理解。句意：为了受教育，他与许多困难作斗争。A. assignment分配，任务；B. educatin教育；C. advantage优势；D. instructin教学，说明。这里指卡耐基要受到教育，他与许多困难作斗争。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：他的父亲负担不起大学的董事会费用，所以戴尔不得不骑12英里的马去上课。A. training训练；B. bard这里指“校车”；C. teaching教学；D. equipment设备。根据第3空后的s Dale had t ride hrseback 12 miles t attend classes.可知，作者付不起“校车费”。故选B。
【变式3】（江苏省决胜新高考2023-2024学年高三10月大联考）
I’ve been bareft in Lndn every day since March last year. Living in a city, I lve the element f the 21 . It was as thugh I’d discvered an extra sense.
A．dangerB．rutineC．unexpectedD．unidentified
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词形容词词义辨析。句意：住在城市里，我喜欢那种意想不到的感觉。A. danger危险；B. rutine日常路线；C. unexpected出乎意料的；D. unidentified身份不明的。根据下文“It was as thugh I’d discvered an extra sense.( 好像我发现了一种额外的感觉。)”结合上文作者赤脚可知，作者喜欢一些出乎意料的事情，这让作者有额外的感觉。故选C。
【易错点提醒三】 语篇题易混易错点
【例3】（2022年全国甲卷）
He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs. 50. In that mment, I began t fall fr him.
We 51. cntinued t date, thugh neither f us brught up the future. And then in late Nvember, Tilly had an peratin n her 52.leg. I tk the dgs ut fur times a day, and I wrried that Tilly 53.cnstantly climbing the stairs culd repen the wund. Then Steve 54 .suggested his huse. All wrked 55. fine . The three dgs frmed a pack that, with caching, 56. respected Flra’s space; Steve and I frmed a gd team 57. caring fr Tilly. We made gd husemates.
A year later, much t my 58.delight , this man prduced a little bx with a ring and prpsed t me. He did nt kneel (跪) dwn, nr did I 59 him t. That’s nly fr giving 60 t the dgs that brught us tgether.
59．A．begB．trustC．needD．aid
60．A．tysB．awardsC．fdD．Water
易错分析：设空处需要寻找的文章暗示相隔较远，容易被忽略50处的伏笔。故应当先浏览全文再寻找情感线索和逻辑线索确定答案。
【答案】59．C 60．D
【解析】
语篇题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D. aid帮助。根据nr和“He did nt kneel (跪) dwn”可知，此处是指“我”也不需要他跪下。故选C。
60．语篇题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. tys玩具；B. awards奖励；C. fd食物；D. water水。根据“brught us tgether”和前文“He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs.”可知，此处是指给爱犬喝水的举动。故选D。
【变式1】（2023年11月24号金科·新未来大联考）
Samsn Adams wrked as a server at Texas Radhuse in Paducah, Kentucky. He _41.lived__ abut 30 miles away frm his wrkplace and didn’t wn a car, s he had t _42.get up early and ride his bicycle t wrk. He was diabetic（糖尿病）and had t have 43.breaks in between his lng jurney, which made it a 6-hur rund 44.trip. He had been patient with his situatin and used what he had, instead f 45. cmplaining and being lazy.

One night Adams’ bike brke dwn and he had t4 ____48____ it hme. Therefre, she decided t ffer him rides, which he accepted with ____49_____
A. send B. lck C. sell D. walk
A. gratitude B.regret C.surprise D.anxiety
【答案】48．D49．A
【解析】
48.语篇题。根据第一段可知此人患有糖尿病，同时没有汽车。故48空当自行车坏掉时只能步行回家。
49.语篇题+句组题。而由语篇和上一句可知别人提出让他搭顺风车时，他自然“很感激地”接受了。
【变式2】（山东省曲阜师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年质量检测）
She suggested that Dale jin the debating team, believing that 30.practice in speaking culd give him the cnfidence and recgnitin that he needed.
Dale tk his mther’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts finally made it. This prved t be a 31.turningpint in his life. Speaking befre grups did help him gain the 32 he needed.
32．A．prgressB．experienceC．cmpetenceD．cnfidence
【答案】D
【解析】语篇题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在团体面前发言确实帮助他获得了他所需要的信心。A. prgress进步；B. experience经历；C. cmpetence能力；D. cnfidence自信。根据上一段尾句可知，在人群面前演讲的确帮助他获得他需要的自信。故选D。
【变式3】（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题）
Dunn has taken grups f kids ut almst every 25 t fish. Mst didn’t have father figures in their lives and had never fished. “They’d been thrugh a lt, and their lives were 26.difficult ,” Dunn says. “But when they were fishing, all f that 27.went away . Out n the bat, they’d be smiling, and even 28.singing .”
Jayden, nw 13, has becme a devted fisherman and 29.credits Dunn with helping him mature. “I hpe he knws I mean it when I say thank yu,” he says.
Just as 30.imprtant as the fishing are the 31. relatinshipsDunn frms with the kids. “When Jayden was ging thrugh a 32.rugh perid recently in study — I let Dunn knw that his grades were suffering and he had a little talk with Jayden,” Jayden’s mther says. T her delight, Jayden’s grades33.hardly imprved in the next exam.
“There is nthing like seeing a 34.kidlight up with a smile,” Dunn says. “I feel lucky t 35 that every weekend.”
25．A．dayB．mnthC．yearD．weekend
35．A．dreamB．expectC．witnessD．Receive
【答案】 25．D 35．C
【解析】
语篇题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：邓恩几乎每个周末都带着一群孩子出去钓鱼。A. day天；B. mnth；C. year年；D. weekend周末。根据下文“I feel lucky t 35 that every weekend.”可知，此处指几乎每个周末，邓恩都带着一群孩子出去钓鱼。故选D。
35．语篇题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个周末都能见证这一切，我感到很幸运。A. dream梦见；B. expect预期；C. witness见证；D. receive接收。根据上文““There is nthing like seeing a 14 light up with a smile,” Dunn says.”可知，每个周末都能见证一个孩子面带微笑，我感到很幸运。故选C。
【易错点提醒四】 熟词生义易混易错点
【例3】（吉林省长春市第二实验中学2023-2024学年高三试题）
But I was wrng. Every single car quickly, yet carefully, mved t the side. Withut thinking, I 31 . The lane remained pen fr a few secnds during which the ambulance 32.flashed thrugh.
31．A．fllwed suitB．brke dwnC．made upD．slwed dwn
易错分析：熟词自己主观臆断其意思，故应当积极积累词汇，扩大词汇量。
【答案】A
【解析】熟词生义。考查动词短语辨析。句意：不假思索，我也跟着做。A. fllwed suit跟着做；B. brke dwn出故障；C. made up组成；D. slwed dwn减速。上文“Every single car quickly, yet carefully, mved t the side”提到每一辆车都快速而小心地移到边上，作者应该是跟着做。故选A。
【变式1】（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题）
Jayden, nw 13, has becme a devted fisherman and 29 Dunn with helping him mature. “I hpe he knws I mean it when I say thank yu,” he says.
A．chargesB．entertainsC．rewardsD．Credits
【答案】D
【解析】熟词生义。考查动词词义辨析。句意：现年13岁的杰登已经成为一名忠实的钓鱼人，他认为邓恩帮助他成熟起来。A. charges控告；B. entertains使快乐；C. rewards奖赏；D. credits认为。固定搭配credit sb. with sth.“把某事归功于某人”。故选D。
【变式2】（安徽皖江名校联盟2023-2024学年高三10月试题）
Life is there already. There are the bird calls in the air and frgs crssing the trail.
And there is mre.
When yu cme t a(n) 28 where the sunlight makes it t the frest flr, yu can smetimes catch a hint f smething. I dn’t knw what t call it. Wrds 29.fail But it feels smething like a rt r a(n) 30. unviced sng f the wrld’s wn presence.
A．apartmentB．fficeC．farmD．Clearing
【答案】D
【解析】熟词生义。考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你来到阳光照射到森林地面的空地时，有时你会发现一些东西。A. apartment公寓；B. ffice办公室；C. farm农场；D. clearing林中空地。根据下文“阳光照射到森林地面”可知此处上下文说的是森林中的空地，故选D项。
【变式3】（河北省新时代NT教育2023-2024学年高三试题）
While the kids were rasting marshmallws (棉花糖) ver the 24.fire, I washed the pster paint ff my car. Unfrtunately, it didn’t 25 . The next day, I tk my car t a place that 26 cars, and they tld me I wuld need t have the car repainted. Althugh it wasn’t a great start, we still lked frward t the cming summer. It was nly a small 27 .
25．A．fall dwnB．cme alngC．fall apartD．cme ff
26．A．detailedB．packagedC．accmmdatedD．transprted
27．A．effrtB．failureC．disasterD．Setback
【答案】 25．D 26．A 27．D
【解析】考查短语和熟词生义。
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，它没有成功。A. fall dwn坍塌；B. cme alng一起来；C. fall apart破裂；D. cme ff成功。根据下文“The next day, I tk my car t a place that 6 cars, and they tld me I wuld need t have the car repainted.”（第二天，我把车开到一个彻底清洗汽车的地方，他们告诉我需要重新喷漆。）可知，这里说的是我没能把那些漆洗掉，故选择D项。
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我把车开到一个彻底清洗汽车的地方，他们告诉我需要重新喷漆。A. detailed彻底清洗（汽车）；B. packaged包装；C. accmmdated容纳；D. transprted运输。根据上文“I washed the pster paint ff my car. Unfrtunately, it didn’t 5 .”（我想把车上的海报漆洗掉，不幸的是，没能够成功）可知，此处说的是把车开到一个清洗汽车的地方，故选择A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只是一个小小的挫折。A. effrt努力；B. failure失败；C. disaster灾难；D. setback挫折。根据上文“Althugh it wasn’t a great start, we still lked frward t the cming summer.”（虽然这不是一个好的开始，但我们仍然期待着即将到来的夏天。）可知，这里要说的是，这只是一个小小的挫折，故选择D项。
1.（江苏省决胜新高考2023-2024学年高三10月大联考）
I’ve been bareft in Lndn every day since March last year. Living in a city, I lve the element f the 21 . It was as thugh I’d discvered an extra sense. Travelling n the tube bareft was a 22 at first because there are s many different surfaces. It’s as if I’ve reached a new dimensin mst peple 23 never experience.
I tk early retirement with a gd pensin in 2009. These days, I d a lt f 24 wrk. When I was 25 pharmacy prescriptins (药房处方) acrss suth-east Lndn during the pandemic (疫情), I went t a blck f 50s flats in Peckham Rye. They’d 26 all the walkways, which felt abslutely amazing n my bare feet.
Many peple ffered me 27 during the cld spell. I always stay calm and tell them it’s a 28 chice. It certainly starts interesting 29 and at least peple are curius, even if they think it’s weird (怪异的) behaviur.
Being utside, being bareft, 30 peple—I’m sure it’s all cnnected. I’ve been diagnsed with depressin. I 31 that being invlved with the cmmunity and being in nature really assisted with my 32 .
Being bareft makes me feel mre 33 and helps with my wellbeing. Hardly anyne else seems t have an idea hw 34 it feels and it’s mst interesting when dne in a city. I’ll never g back t 35 shes again.
21．A．dangerB．rutineC．unexpectedD．unidentified
22．A．nveltyB．successC．reliefD．must
23．A．riginallyB．nrmallyC．graduallyD．secretly
24．A．paperB．gardeningC．cmmunityD．rescue
25．A．readingB．givingC．seekingD．delivering
26．A．remvedB．resurfacedC．blckedD．marked
27．A．fdB．shelterC．shesD．clthes
28．A．lifestyleB．careerC．healthD．transprt
29．A．argumentsB．gamesC．hbbiesD．cnversatins
30．A．attractingB．greetingC．helpingD．watching
31．A．discveredB．suspectedC．fearedD．predicted
32．A．identityB．recveryC．grwthD．study
33．A．behavedB．learnedC．stuckD．grunded
34．A．hardB．uneasyC．incredibleD．painful
35．A．wearingB．fixingC．sellingD．making
【答案】
21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己赤脚在城市里走路治疗抑郁症的经历，赤脚走路让作者感觉脚踏实地，与大自然亲密接触，有益自己的健康。
21．考查名词形容词词义辨析。句意：住在城市里，我喜欢那种意想不到的感觉。A. danger危险；B. rutine日常路线；C. unexpected出乎意料的；D. unidentified身份不明的。根据下文“It was as thugh I’d discvered an extra sense.( 好像我发现了一种额外的感觉。)”结合上文作者赤脚可知，作者喜欢一些出乎意料的事情，这让作者有额外的感觉。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：刚开始光着脚坐地铁是件新鲜事，因为地铁上有很多不同的表面。A. nvelty新鲜的事；B. success成功；C. relief宽慰；缓解；D. must必须。根据下文“at first because there are s many different surfaces”可知，最初的时候因为地铁有许多不同的地面，作者感觉赤脚走路是新鲜事。故选A。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：就好像我到达了一个大多数人从未体验过的新维度。A. riginally起初；B. nrmally正常地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“I’ve reached a new dimensin”可知，这些维度是大多数人为体现过的。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些天，我做了很多社区工作。A. paper纸；B. gardening园艺；C. cmmunity社区；D. rescue救援。根据下文“When I was 5 pharmacy prescriptins (药房处方) acrss suth-east Lndn during the pandemic (疫情), I went t a blck f 50s flats in Peckham Rye.”可知，作者退休了，做了许多社区工作。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：流感大流行期间，我在伦敦东南部分发处方药时，去了Peckham Rye区一栋50年代的公寓楼。A. reading读；B. giving给；C. seeking寻求；D. delivering递送。根据下文“I went t a blck f 50s flats in Peckham Rye.”可知，作者在疫情期间递送药物。故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们重新铺设了所有的人行道，我光着脚的感觉真是太棒了。A. remved移除；B. resurfaced给(路等)铺设新路面；C. blcked阻止；D. marked标记。根据下文“which felt abslutely amazing n my bare feet.”可知，光脚走在人行道感觉很好，说明人行道重新铺设了。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：寒潮期间，许多人给我提供鞋子。A. fd食物；B. shelter庇护所；C. shes鞋子；D. clthes衣服。根据上文“bareft”可知，作者赤脚走路，因此推断寒潮期间，会有人给作者鞋子穿。故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是保持冷静，告诉他们这是一种生活方式的选择。A. lifestyle生活方式；B. career事业；C. health健康；D. transprt运输。根据常识以及上文“I’ve been bareft in Lndn every day since March last year.”可知，赤脚走路是作者选择的一种生活方式。故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这当然会引发有趣的对话，至少人们很好奇，即使他们认为这是一种奇怪的行为。A. arguments论据；B. games游戏；C. hbbies爱好；D. cnversatins对话。根据下文“at least peple are curius, even if they think it’s weird (怪异的) behaviur.”可知，人们对于作者赤脚走路感到好奇，于是会和作者交谈询问。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在户外，光着脚，可以帮助人——我相信它是相关的。A. attracting吸引；B. greeting欢迎；C. helping帮助；D. watching看。根据下文“Being bareft makes me feel mre 13 and helps with my wellbeing.”可知，作者认为赤脚走路对人们有帮助。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现融入社区和大自然真的有助于我的康复。A. discvered发现；B. suspected怀疑；C. feared畏惧；D. predicted预测。根据下文“being invlved with the cmmunity and being in nature really assisted with my 12 .”可知，融入社区和大自然有助于作者的恢复是作者的发现。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现融入社区和大自然真的有助于我的康复。A. identity身份；B. recvery恢复；C. grwth成长；D. study学习。根据上文“I’ve been diagnsed with depressin.”可知，作者被诊断患有抑郁症，融入社区和大自然有利于病情的恢复。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：赤脚让我感觉更踏实，有助于我的健康。A. behaved表现；B. learned学习；C. stuck卡住；D. grunded落地，着陆。根据下文“helps with my wellbeing”可知，赤脚走路有助于作者的健康，因此推断让作者感觉踏实。feel grunded“感觉脚踏实地的”。故选D。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎没有人知道这种感觉有多不可思议，在城市里做这种事最有趣。A. hard困难的；B. uneasy不舒服的； C. incredible不可思议的；D. painful痛苦的。根据下文“it’s mst interesting when dne in a city”可知，作者认为赤脚是非常有趣的，因此说很少有人知道这种感觉多么令人不可思议。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我再也不穿鞋了。A. wearing穿；戴；B. fixing固定；C. selling出售；D. making制作。根据上文“Being bareft makes me feel mre 13 and helps with my wellbeing.”和“it’s mst interesting when dne in a city”以及上文可知，赤脚走路让作者感觉脚踏实地，对健康有益，并且有趣，因此推断此处说将再也不穿鞋子了。故选A。
2. （安徽皖江名校联盟2023-2024学年高三10月试题）
I’d like t share my stry f kindness. I had a car 41 and needed t get a new car as quickly as pssible but I dn’t have 42 . Everything is mre 43 these days s I saw sme cars fr arund $ 5000 but then I fund ne 44 fr $ 4000.
This newer car has sme 45 and nly 1 key but it has pwer lcks, steering (转向装置) an windws, newer tyres and safely airbags s it is much 46 than my ld car. After a test drive I said I 47 t buy it. The seller, Richard, said that he nly wanted me t pay $3500 as we are the right peple 48 buying it. He said he’d had sme terrible interactins with peple asking him t 49 it t them. I’m a single parent f an 11-year-ld child and I think he was very taken by my lvely and lively girl and her 50 f hw we had had an accident and the car just desn’t feel 51 anymre.
I paid the mney and the next day he was 52 enugh t drive it ver. Then he tld me that he’d paid 3 mnths registratin (登记), 53 the tank and bught me a new key! They cst almst $300. Hw amazing! We have been 54 feeling s safe and happy. He has made such a 55 t ur lives!
41．A．chanceB．frtuneC．accidentD．seat
42．A．feelingsB．savingsC．activitiesD．maps
43．A．simpleB．imprtantC．attractiveD．expensive
44．A．printedB．advertisedC．playedD．lst
45．A．favrB．hnrC．damageD．advice
46．A．betterB．sickerC．wrseD．heavier
47．A．startedB．wantedC．hatedD．disliked
48．A．in sight fB．by means fC．by way fD．in hpe f
49．A．sellB．streC．shareD．hide
50．A．examB．dreamC．stryD．night
51．A．quietB．nisyC．dangerusD．safe
52．A．kindB．pliteC．smartD．energetic
53．A．watchedB．emptiedC．filledD．discvered
54．A．driving arundB．walking ffC．playing byD．lking abut
55．A．prmiseB．differenceC．planD．rule
【答案】
41．C 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．C 51．D 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者和女儿发生车祸后买车的过程。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我出了车祸，需要尽快买一辆新车，但我没有积蓄。A. chance机会；B. frtune财富；C. accident事故；D. seat座位。根据后文的“needed t get a new car as quickly as pssible”可知，作者需要尽快买一辆新车，可推知作者以前的车不能用了，因为发生了交通事故。car accident意为“车祸”，为固定短语。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我出了车祸，需要尽快买一辆新车，但我没有积蓄。A. feelings感受；B. savings储蓄；C. activities活动；D. maps地图。根据前文的“needed t get a new car as quickly as pssible”可知，作者需要尽快买一辆新车。由空前表示转折的连词“but”可知，空后想说作者买不起，即作者没有积蓄。故选B项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些天一切都更贵了，所以我看到一些车的价格在5000美元左右，但后来我发现一辆广告上的价格是4000美元。A. simple简单的；B. imprtant重要的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据前文的“s I saw sme cars fr arund $5000”可知，所以作者看到了一些售价5000美元左右的车，加上作者没有积蓄，觉得现在一切都比以前昂贵了许多。故选D项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些天一切都更贵了，所以我看到一些车的价格在5000美元左右，但后来我发现一辆广告上的价格是4000美元。A. printed打印；B. advertised做广告；C. played玩；D. lst丢失。根据前文的“s I saw sme cars fr arund $ 5000 but then I fund ne 4000”和后文的“fr $ 4000”可知，有一辆便宜的车被做广告，车要价4000美元。故选B项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这辆新车有一些损坏，只有一把钥匙，但它有动力锁、转向装置、窗户、新轮胎和安全气囊，所以它比我的旧车好多了。A. favr赞成；B. hnr荣誉；C. damage损坏；D. advice劝告。根据后文的“it has pwer lcks, steering (转向装置) an windws, newer tyres and safely airbags”可知，这辆车不错，且由空后的表示转折关系的连词“but”可知but前是车的毛病，结合选项，只有damage和车的毛病有关。故选C项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这辆新车有一些损坏，只有一把钥匙，但它有动力锁、转向装置、窗户、新轮胎和安全气囊，所以它比我的旧车好多了。A. better更好；B. sicker病情较重的；C. wrse 更糟的；D. heavier更重的。根据前文的“it has pwer lcks, steering (转向装置) an windws, newer tyres and safely airbags”可知，这辆车配置很好，所以比作者的车更好。故选A项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：试驾之后，我说我想买它。A. started启动；B. wanted想要；C. hated讨厌；D. disliked不喜欢。根据前文的“s it is much 6 than my ld car”可知，作者喜欢这辆车，想要买这辆车。故选B项。
48．考查介词短语辨析。句意：卖家理查德说，他只要我付3500美元，因为我们是合适的人，希望买它。A. in sight f看见；B. ；By means f通过；C. ；By way f通过；D. in hpe f希望。根据前文的“wanted me t pay $3500”可知，车主觉得作者是希望买车的合适人选。故选D项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，他曾与一些要求他把它卖给他们的人有过一些糟糕的互动。A. sell出售；B. stre储存；C. share共享；D. hide隐藏。根据前文的“The seller, Richard, said that he nly wanted me t pay $3500 as we are the right peple 8 buying it. He said he’d had sme terrible interactins with peple”可知，这句话中的he指的是卖车的Richard，所以人们希望他卖车给他们。故选A项。
50．10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个11岁孩子的单亲家长，我想他被我可爱活泼的女儿和她讲述的我们发生事故并且汽车感觉不再安全了的故事深深打动了。A. exam考试；B. dream梦；C. stry故事；D. night夜。根据前文的“I think he was very taken by my lvely and lively girl”可知，空前的her指的是作者的女儿。根据后文的“hw we had had an accident”可知，这是女儿的故事。故选C项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个11岁孩子的单亲家长，我想他被我可爱活泼的女儿和她讲述的我们发生事故并且汽车感觉不再安全了的故事深深打动了。A. quiet安静的；B. nisy嘈杂的；C. dangerus危险的；D. safe安全的。根据前文的“I had a car 1 ”可知，作者和女儿发生了交通事故，故感觉车不再安全了。故选D项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我付了钱，第二天他好心地把车开了过来。A. kind友善的；B. plite礼貌的；C. smart聪明的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据后文的“drive it ver”可知，他把车开了过来，故他人很好。故选A项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他告诉我，他付了3个月的注册费，加满了油箱，给我买了一把新钥匙！A. watched看着；B. emptied清空；C. filled填充；D. discvered发现。根据前文的“I paid the mney and the next day he was 12 enugh t drive it ver. Then he tld me that he’d paid 3 mnths registratin (登记)”可知，他人很好。且根据空后的“the tank”可知，他加满了油箱。故选C项。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：A. driving arund到处开车；B. walking ff离开；C. playing by在……旁玩耍；D. lking abut环顾四周。根据前文的“I paid the mney and the next day he was 12 enugh t drive it ver.”可知，作者买了这辆车，故开车出去。故选A项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给我们的生活带来了巨大的改变！A. prmise承诺；B. difference差异；C. plan计划；D. rule规则。make a difference意为“起（重要）作用，有影响”。根据前文的“feeling s safe and happy”可知，作者和女儿买到车后很开心，故Richard对作者和女儿影响很大。故选B项。
3. （广东省珠海市第三中学2023年高三试题）
After an 11-year career, Philadelphia-based barber Brennn Jnes decided t give back t his cmmunity. Withut a 21 f his wn, Jnes ffered free haircuts t the 22 n sidewalks and street cmers. With a “daily missin f giving back and 23 lve,” Jnes cmpleted as many as 20 haircuts a day, and 24 traveled t hmeless htspts like Camden, New Jersey.
One day in April 2017, a man named Sean Jhnsn 25 Jnes while he was ut cutting hair and asked him what he 26 t d during the cld winter. Jnes replied that he wuld 27 have t put ff Haircuts Fr Hmeless (HC4H). A few mnths later Jnes received a call frm Jhnsn 28 him t meet at his newly redecrated barbershp. He 29 him the keys and said, “If yu like it, it’s yurs.”
Cmpletely 30 by the stranger’s kindness, Jnes named his newly pened shp Phenmenn Perfectin.
Believing that “the greatest jy in life is being able t 31 thers, “Jnes will cntinue t hst haircuts fr the hmeless during weekly “Makever Mndays” where 32 can als enjy a free meal. “T us it’s just a haircut, 33 t them it’s s much mre. It’s a sense f self-esteem,” says Jnes.
The hmeless 34 is ften verlked, but nw there’s hpe fr them. Brennn Jnes might have been like an angel t the hmeless, but Sean Jhnsn ended up being an angel as well. With his 35 gift, Jnes can nw cntinue t help thse wh need help the mst.
21．A．hmeB．shpC．gardenD．bar
22．A．ldB．prC．hmelessD．rich
23．A．spreadingB．gatheringC．seekingD．winning
24．A．neverB．nceC．stillD．even
25．A．impressedB．accmpaniedC．guidedD．apprached
26．A．struggledB．prmisedC．plannedD．refused
27．A．prbablyB．eagerlyC．willinglyD．entirely
28．A．rderingB．askingC．requiringD．recmmending
29．A．returnedB．fetchedC．handedD．bught
30．A．mvedB．remindedC．amusedD．spnsred
31．A．inspireB．respectC．appreciateD．serve
32．A．emplyeesB．clientsC．assistantsD．partners
33．A．andB．butC．sD．r
34．A．cmmunityB．identityC．applicatinD．dnatin
35．A．expensiveB．traditinalC．amazingD．creative
【答案】
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．B 34．A 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，理发师Brennn Jnes在大街上给无家可归的人免费理发，受他启发，一位好心人Sean Jhnsn给了他一家店铺，让他继续发扬爱心。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于没有自己的店铺，琼斯在人行道上和街角处为无家可归者提供免费理发服务。A. hme家；B. shp商店；C. garden花园；D. bar酒吧。由下文的“Jnes ffered free haircuts t the 2 n sidewalks and street cmers”和Sean Jhnsn送店铺给他可知，琼斯没有自己的店铺。故选B项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于没有自己的店铺，琼斯在人行道上和街角处为无家可归者提供免费理发服务。A. ld老的；B. pr穷的；C. hmeless无家可归的；D. rich富有的。由下文的“Jnes will cntinue t hst haircuts fr the hmeless during weekly “Makever Mndays”(他将在每周的“改造星期一”期间继续为无家可归者理发)”可知，琼斯为无家可归者提供免费理发服务。故选C项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着“回馈和传播爱的日常使命”，琼斯每天完成多达20次理发，甚至去了新泽西州卡姆登等无家可归的热点地区。A. spreading传播；B. gathering聚集；C. seeking寻找；D. winning赢得。由上文语境可知，琼斯为无家可归者提供免费理发服务，这是传播爱的行为。故选A项。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：带着“回馈和传播爱的日常使命”，琼斯每天完成多达20次理发，甚至去了新泽西州卡姆登等无家可归的热点地区。A. never绝不；B. nce曾经；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。由上文的“Jnes ffered free haircuts t the 2 n sidewalks and street cmers (琼斯在人行道上和街角处为无家可归者提供免费理发服务)”和下文的“traveled t hmeless htspts like Camden, New Jersey”可知，该空表进一步递进，琼斯不仅在人行道上和街角处为无家可归者提供免费理发服务，甚至去了新泽西州卡姆登等无家可归的热点地区，去给无家可归者免费理发。故选D项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年4月的一天，一位名叫肖恩·约翰逊的男子在琼斯外出理发时走近他，问他在寒冷的冬天打算做什么。A. impressed给……留下深刻印象；B. accmpanied陪伴；C. guided指导；D. apprached接近。由下文的“asked him”可知，肖恩·约翰逊先接近琼斯，才能问琼斯。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年4月的一天，一位名叫肖恩·约翰逊的男子在琼斯外出理发时走近他，问他在寒冷的冬天打算做什么。A. struggled挣扎；B. prmised承诺；C. planned打算、计划；D. refused拒绝。由下文的“Jnes replied that he wuld 7 have t put ff Haircuts Fr Hmeless (HC4H). (琼斯回答说，他……不得不推迟为无家可归者理发（HC4H）)”可知，肖恩·约翰逊在问琼斯的打算。故选C项。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：琼斯回答说，他可能不得不推迟为无家可归者理发（HC4H）。A. prbably可能；B. eagerly急切地；C. willingly乐意地；D. entirely全部地。由上文的“Jnes ffered free haircuts t the 2 n sidewalks and street cmers (琼斯在人行道上和街角处为无家可归者提供免费理发服务)”和“during the cld winter”可知，冬天在街上理发太冷了，琼斯可能推迟为无家可归者理发服务。故选A项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，琼斯接到约翰逊的电话，请他到他新装修的理发店见面。A. rdering订购；B. asking请求；C. requiring需要；D. recmmending推荐。由本处语境可知，约翰逊打电话给琼斯，请琼斯到他新装修的理发店见面。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把钥匙递给他，说：“如果你喜欢，那就是你的。”A. returned返回；B. fetched取来；C. handed递；D. bught买。由下文的“If yu like it, it’s yurs.”可知，约翰逊送店铺给琼斯，应该是把钥匙递给琼斯。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：完全被陌生人的友善所打动，琼斯将他新开的店命名为“完美现象”。A. mved感动；B. reminded提醒；C. amused娱乐；D. spnsred赞助。由上文语境可知，约翰逊送店铺给琼斯，琼斯被打动了、很感动。故选A项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：琼斯相信“生活中最大的乐趣是能够为他人服务”，他将在每周的“改造星期一”期间继续为无家可归者理发，客户也可以在那里享受免费用餐。A. inspire鼓舞；B. respect尊敬；C. appreciate感激；D. serve服务。由上文语境可知，琼斯在大街上给无家可归的人免费理发，这是在服务他人，可得出他认为生活中最大的乐趣是能够为他人服务。故选D项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：琼斯相信“生活中最大的乐趣是能够为他人服务”，他将在每周的“改造星期一”期间继续为无家可归者理发，客户也可以在那里享受免费用餐。A. emplyees员工；B. clients客户；C. assistants助手；D. partners合伙人。由本处语境可知，来理发的人都是琼斯的客户。故选B项。
33．考查连词词义辨析。句意：琼斯说：“对我们来说，这只是一个理发，但对他们来说，这要多得多。这是一种自尊。”A. and和；B. but但是；C. s所以；D. r或。由本处的“T us it’s just a haircut, 13 t them it’s s much mre.”可知，前后语义转折，用but。故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无家可归的团体经常被忽视，但现在他们有了希望。A. cmmunity社区、团体；B. identity身份；C. applicatin申请；D. dnatin捐赠。由本处语境和常识可知，无家可归的团体经常被人忽视。故选A项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凭借他惊人的天赋，琼斯现在可以继续帮助那些最需要帮助的人。A. expensive昂贵的；B. traditinal传统的；C. amazing令人大为惊奇的；D. creative有创造力的。由上文的“After an 11-year career (在经历了11年的职业生涯后)”本处语境可知，用惊人的天赋指代琼斯精湛的理发技能。故选C项。
4.（河北省石家庄市2023-2024学年石家庄市一中高三试题）
Kevin Hyde, wh has been sailing his whle life, recently invited Je DiTmmass t Flrida n his sailbat. The first part f their 21 went well, and they stpped fr a 22 in the Outer Banks.
That’s where things went 23 . Suddenly they fund themselves inside a heavy strm at sea. “I’ve never heard winds s bad my whle life! ” Je 24 . As the cean churned (剧烈翻滚) arund them, the 50-ft mast (桅杆) f the sailbat 25 , and their radis didn’t 26 either, leaving them at the mercy f the strmy sea.
When Kevin and Je’s families 27 tuch with them, they reprted them missing t the Cast Guard. Sn, a full 28 began, but rescuers weren’t even sure which 29 t start lking fr them.
Flating fr days with n mast, gas, r electricity, Kevin and Je prayed fr 30 . By the 10th day at sea, they were feeling mre 31 than ever.
Just when it seemed that all was lst, they gt 32 frm a huge internatinal ship called the Silver Muna. 33 an attentive crew member 34 the tiny sailbat. Captain Neeraj Chaudhary immediately stpped his ship. Rescuing the men was exciting fr all invlved and even the ship’s captain cried when the men were 35 abard his ship.
21．A．friendshipB．jurneyC．lifeD．day
22．A．mealB．discussinC．restD．plan
23．A．wrngB．badC．wildD．smth
24．A．recalledB．shutedC．thughtD．smelled
25．A．brke awayB．brke inC．brke utD．brke ff
26．A．replyB．wrkC．stpD．escape
27．A．keptB．fundC．leftD．lst
28．A．behavirB．searchC．discverD．inventin
29．A．persnB．batC．directinD．radi
30．A．rescueB．fdC．waterD．free
31．A．luckyB．regretfulC．excitedD．desperate
32．A．attacksB．helpC．emailsD．letters
33．A．LuckilyB．SrrwfullyC．InterestinglyD．Patiently
34．A．studiedB．designedC．destryedD．sptted
35．A．blwnB．expandedC．pulledD．exprted
【答案】
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了凯文和乔在海上航行时遭遇暴风雨，船上桅杆断裂，无线电失灵，漂流数日后被一艘名为“银穆纳”号的国际船只救起。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一部分旅程进行得很顺利，他们在外滩停下来休息。A. friendship友谊；B. jurney旅程；C. life生活；D. day天。根据“Kevin Hyde, wh has been sailing his whle life, recently invited Je DiTmmass t Flrida n his sailbat.”可知，这里指去佛罗里达的旅行。故选B。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一部分旅程进行得很顺利，他们在外滩停下来休息。A. meal一餐；B. discussin讨论；C. rest休息；D. plan计划。根据“The first part f their ___1___ went well,”可知，凯文和乔在第一部分旅行之后休息。故选C。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这里事情出了岔子。A. wrng错误的；B. bad坏的；C. wild野生的；D. smth光滑的。g wrng出错。根据“Suddenly they fund themselves inside a heavy strm at sea.”可知，凯文和乔在外滩停下来休息时事情出了岔子。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我这辈子从没听过这么厉害的风! ”乔回忆道。A. recalled回忆；B. shuted大喊；C. thught想；D. smelled闻。根据“I’ve never heard winds s bad my whle life!”及后文可知，这里指乔回忆当时的状况。故选A。
25．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当大海在他们周围翻腾时，帆船上50英尺长的桅杆断了，他们的无线电也坏了，他们只能任由狂风暴雨的大海摆布。A. brke away逃脱；B. brke in破门而入；C. brke ut爆发；D. brke ff折断。根据“Flating fr days with n mast, gas, r electricity, Kevin and Je prayed fr ___10___ .”可知，狂风将帆船上的桅杆折断了。故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当大海在他们周围翻腾时，帆船上50英尺长的桅杆断了，他们的无线电也坏了，他们只能任由狂风暴雨的大海摆布。A. reply回复；B. wrk工作，运转；C. stp停止；D. escape逃离。根据“leaving them at the mercy f the strmy sea.”可知，船上的无线电也无法运转了。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当凯文和乔的家人与他们失去联系时，他们向海岸警卫队报告了他们的失踪。A. kept保存；B. fund发现；C. left离开；D. lst失去。根据“and their radis didn’t ___6___ either, leaving them at the mercy f the strmy sea.”可知，因为无线电不工作了，所以凯文和乔与家人失去了联系。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，全面搜索开始了，但救援人员甚至不确定从哪个方向开始寻找他们。A. behavir行为；B. search寻找；C. discver发现；D. inventin发明。根据“When Kevin and Je’s families ___7___ tuch with them, they reprted them missing t the Cast Guard.”可知，因为家人的报告，海岸警卫队的救援人员开始帮助寻找失踪的凯文和乔。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，全面搜索开始了，但救援人员甚至不确定从哪个方向开始寻找他们。A. persn个人；B. bat船；C. directin方向；D. radi无线电。根据“and their radis didn’t ___6___ either, leaving them at the mercy f the strmy sea.”可知，他们和岸上的人失去了联系，人们不知道他们的行踪，因此海岸警卫队的救援人员不知道从哪个方向寻找。故选C。
30．考查名词或形容词词义辨析。句意：在没有桅杆、汽油和电的情况下漂浮了好几天，凯文和乔祈祷着救援。A. rescue拯救；救援；B. fd食物；C. water水；D. free自由的。根据“Flating fr days with n mast, gas, r electricity,”可知，因为绝望无助，所以凯文和乔祈祷着救援。故选A。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在海上航行的第十天，他们感到前所未有的绝望。A. lucky幸运的；B. regretful遗憾的；C. excited激动的；D. desperate绝望的。根据“By the 10th day at sea,”可知，因为十天无人救援，所以凯文和乔绝望无助。故选D。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在一切似乎都完了的时候，他们得到了一艘名为“银穆纳”号的大型国际船只的帮助。A. attacks攻击；B. help帮助；C. emails邮件；D. letters信。根据“Rescuing the men was exciting fr all invlved and even the ship’s captain cried when the men were ___15___ abard his ship.”可知，就在凯文和乔绝望无助之时，他们得到了“银穆纳”号的大型国际船只的帮助。故选B。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一位细心的船员发现了这艘小帆船。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Srrwfully悲哀地；C. Interestingly有趣地；D. Patiently耐心地。根据“an attentive crew member ___14___ the tiny sailbat. Rescuing the men was exciting fr all invlved and even the ship’s captain cried when the men were ___15___ abard his ship.”可知，船员发现了凯文和乔的小帆船并救了他们，这是幸运的。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一位细心的船员发现了这艘小帆船。A. studied学习；B. designed设计；C. destryed摧毁；D. sptted发现。根据“Rescuing the men was exciting fr all invlved and even the ship’s captain cried when the men were ___15___ abard his ship.”可知，细心的船员发现了凯文和乔的小帆船。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：营救这些人对所有参与其中的人来说都是令人兴奋的，甚至当他们被拉上船时，船长也哭了。 A. blwn吹；B. expanded扩张；C. pulled拉；D. exprted出口。根据“Rescuing the men was exciting fr all invlved and even the ship’s captain cried”并结合他们漂在海上的情节可知，凯文和乔被救援拉上船。故选C。
（河北省沧州市联考2023-2024学年高三10月试题）
Mawsn was an Australian explrer and scientist wh explred the Antarctic with a team f fellw adventurers in 1912. His travels in the frzen cntinent brught him wrldwide 21 . In December f that year, Mawsn and tw ther 22 left the main base at Cmmnwealth Bay, 23 a 300-mile explratin int the central part f the cntinent t gather scientific data and samples. 24 fllwed.
One f the men, a yung British sldier named Belgrave Ninnis, 25 dwn an pen crack n a sledge, alng with several f their best dgs and many f the team’s supplies, dead. Fr several weeks, the tw thers, 26 with scurvy(坏血病)and ther 27 , struggled t return t camp, keeping living first n the 28 dgs, then n starvatin fd. 29 , Xavier Mertz, a Swiss muntaineer and skiing champin, died frm exhaustin, starvatin and pssible pisnusness frm eating dgs’ livers.
30 t return with the research data, Mawsn 31 the elements fr 30 days. Finally he returned t the 32 in February f 1913, extremely thin, frst-bitten and exhausted-nly t 33 he had missed the ship rescuing the rest f the 34 by hurs. Mawsn was regarded as a survivr her. Fr his achievements as an explrer and scientist, he was knighted(封爵)in 1914. In additin t his ther 35 , Mawsn edited and cntributed t the 22-vlume Reprts f Australasian Antarctic Expeditins.
21．A．praiseB．trustC．wrryD．criticism
22．A．celebritiesB．explrersC．athletesD．astrnmers
23．A．putting ffB．shwing ffC．kicking ffD．letting ff
24．A．WndersB．BnusesC．FrtunesD．Disasters
25．A．tkB．fellC．lkedD．wandered
26．A．adjustedB．circulatedC．infectedD．cnfused
27．A．curesB．disabilitiesC．errrsD．illnesses
28．A．remainingB．wildC．fierceD．hunting
29．A．UltimatelyB．NeverthelessC．TemprarilyD．Meanwhile
30．A．DiscuragedB．RelievedC．DeterminedD．Frightened
31．A．cmbinedB．battledC．cntainedD．intrduced
32．A．centerB．nrmalC．baseD．campus
33．A．predictB．discverC．cmplainD．explain
34．A．passengersB．witnessesC．rescuersD．crew
35．A．achievementsB．referencesC．servicesD．subjects
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mawsn带领队伍进行南极大陆中部探险时遇难，Mawsn挣扎着生存下来，并将研究数据成功带回的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在这片冰冻的大陆上的旅行为他赢得了全世界的赞誉。A. praise赞扬；B. trust信任；C. wrry担心；D. criticism批评。根据下文“Mawsn was regarded as a survivr her. Fr his achievements as an explrer and scientist, he was knighted(封爵)in 1914. ”推知，Mawsn的探索受到了全世界的赞誉。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当年12月，莫森和另外两名探险者离开了联邦湾的主要基地，开始了对南极大陆中部300英里的探索，以收集科学数据和样本。A. celebrities名人；B. explrers探险者；C. athletes运动员；D. astrnmers天文学家。根据上文“Mawsn was an Australian explrer and scientist wh explred the Antarctic with a team f fellw adventurers in 1912.”可知，他们是去探索南极大陆，因此是和另外两名探险者一起。故选B。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当年12月，莫森和另外两名探险者离开了联邦湾的主要基地，开始了对南极大陆中部300英里的探索，以收集科学数据和样本。A. putting ff推迟；B. shwing ff炫耀；C. kicking ff 开始；D. letting ff释放。根据“a 300-mile explratin int the central part f the cntinent t gather scientific data and samples”可知，此处是指开始了对南极大陆中部的探索。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：灾难随之而来。A. Wnders奇迹；B. Bnuses奖金，红利；C. Frtunes财富；D. Disasters灾难。根据下文“ 5 dwn an pen crack n a sledge, alng with several f their best dgs and many f the team’s supplies, dead. Fr several weeks, the tw thers. 6 with scurvy(坏血病)”可知，开始探索之行后不久灾难就随之而来。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一名名叫贝尔格雷夫·尼尼斯的年轻英国男士兵从雪橇上的一条裂缝中摔了下来，连同他们最好的几只狗和团队的许多补给都死了。A. tk带；B. fell落下；C. lked看，看起来；D. wandered游荡，闲逛。根据“an pen crack n a sledge, alng with several f their best dgs and many f the team’s supplies, dead.”推知，这个年轻士兵从雪橇的缝隙中摔下去了。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个星期以来，另外两名感染了坏血病和其他疾病的人挣扎着回到营地，先靠剩下的狗生活，然后靠扛饥饿的食物生活。A. adjusted校对，适应；B. circulated循环；C. infected感染；D. cnfused使……困惑。根据“scurvy”可知，此处是指感染坏血病。故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个星期以来，另外两名感染了坏血病和其他疾病的人挣扎着回到营地，先靠剩下的狗生活，然后靠扛饥饿的食物生活。A. cures治愈的方法；B. disabilities残疾；C. errrs错误；D. illnesses疾病。此处和上文“scurvy”并列，指感染坏血病和其他疾病。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个星期以来，另外两名感染了坏血病和其他疾病的人挣扎着回到营地，先靠剩下的狗生活，然后靠扛饥饿的食物生活。A. remaining剩下的；B. wild野生的；C. fierce猛烈的；D. hunting打猎。根据上文“alng with several f their best dgs and many f the team’s supplies, dead.”可知，此处是指在食物匮乏的情况下，靠吃剩下的雪橇犬生活。故选A。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，瑞士登山运动员和滑雪冠军泽维尔·默茨死于疲劳、饥饿和可能因吃狗肝脏而中毒。A. Ultimately最后；B. Nevertheless然而；C. Temprarily暂时；D. Meanwhile同时。根据上文的“first”“then”可知，此处是指最终来自瑞士的泽维尔·默茨死于疲劳、饥饿和中毒。故选A。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mawsn决心带着研究数据回来，与大自然抗争了30天。A. Discuraged沮丧的；B. Relieved放松的；C. Determined坚定的，决定；D. Frightened害怕的。根据下文“Finally he returned t the 12 in February f 1913, extremely thin, frst-bitten and exhausted”推知，Mawsn决心带着研究数据回去。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mawsn决心带着研究数据回来，与大自然抗争了30天。A. cmbined结合；B. battled斗争，搏斗；C. cntained包含；D. intrduced介绍。根据下文“Finally he returned t the 12 in February f 1913, extremely thin. frst-bitten and exhausted”推知，Mawsn与大自然抗争了30天，变得瘦弱疲惫不堪。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，他在1913年2月回到基地，身体非常瘦弱，被冻伤，疲惫不堪，却发现他错过了营救其他成员的船好几个小时。A. center中心；B. nrmal正常，常态；C. base基地；D. campus校园。根据上文“Mawsn and tw ther 2 left the main base at Cmmnwealth Bay”可知，此处指Mawsn带着研究数据回到了基地。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他在1913年2月回到基地，身体非常瘦弱，被冻伤，疲惫不堪，却发现他错过了营救其他成员的船好几个小时。A. predict预测；B. discver发现；C. cmplain抱怨；D. explain解释。根据“he had missed the ship rescuing the rest f the 14 by hurs.”可知，Mawsn回到基地后发现他错过了营救船，不然也不会遭遇那么多苦难。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，他在1913年2月回到基地，身体非常瘦弱，被冻伤，疲惫不堪，却发现他错过了营救其他成员的船好几个小时。A. passengers乘客；B. witnesses目击者；C. rescuers营救人员；D. crew全体船员，全体成员。根据上文“Mawsn was an Australian explrer and scientist wh explred the Antarctic with a team f fellw adventurers in 1912.”可知，此处是指探险队的其他成员。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了其他成就外，莫森还编辑并贡献了22卷本的《澳大拉西亚南极考察报告》。A. achievements成就；B. references参考书；C. services服务；D. subjects科目，对象。根据上文“Fr his achievements as an explrer and scientist, he was knighted(封爵)in 1914.”可知，此处指除了提到的这些成就外，Mawsn还编辑了书籍。故选A。
6.（湖南省百所学校2023-2024学年高三联考试题）
Rushing ver t take a picture with Mickey Muse, Emma Sinclair, frm Australia, smiled at the camera and said, “I can’t 21 t tell Grandpa abut this.” In 2015, she came t the US t fulfill her dream f visiting Disney Wrld in Flrida. Her grandfather, Spike, and she shared a 22 f Disney and he wanted her t cme there.
There was anther 23 fr her trip. At three years ld, she was diagnsed with neurfibrmatsis (神经纤维瘤病), which caused tumurs (肿瘤) t 24 in the brain and nerves. After age 15, she required many surgeries t receive treatment fr the disease, but she 25 life and entered university.
She lved children, but she decided nt t have children, 26 f passing n the disease t them. 27 , she became a part-time wrker and cared fr 40 kids, giving her such 28 . She wanted t make each mment 29 , which was why she went travelling.
In 2 020, a 30 tumur was fund in her brain. She 31 the use f her right hand frm the surgery. She had t learn t get arund with the assistance f a wheelie walker as her 32 was affected, and teach herself t d basic tasks with her left hand.
Thugh her treatment fr the tumur remains nging, she has lts t 33 . She has welcmed a Cavdle int her life, training it t be her service dg in case her cnditin 34 . She hpes her stry can remind thers that n matter hw hard life is, we have t face it 35 .
21．A．arrangeB．stpC．claimD．wait
22．A．landB．histryC．lveD．ppularity
23．A．matchB．reasnC．chargeD．admiratin
24．A．frmB．adaptC．jinD．take
25．A．did away withB．gt n withC．came up withD．ended up with
26．A．prudB．afraidC．ashamedD．certain
27．A．As a resultB．On averageC．In a wrdD．In general
28．A．reslutinB．presentatinC．infrmatinD．satisfactin
29．A．sincereB．luckyC．relevantD．traditinal
30．A．simpleB．seriusC．regularD．relative
31．A．lstB．develpedC．avidedD．hid
32．A．characterB．backgrundC．spiritD．mvement
33．A．expectB．abandnC．cnsultD．recall
34．A．wrksB．reducesC．wrsensD．imprves
35．A．sensitivelyB．casuallyC．frmallyD．psitively
【答案】
21．D 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Emma Sinclair虽然得了重病，但是仍然积极面对生活的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我等不及要告诉爷爷这件事了。A. arrange安排；B. stp停止；C. claim声称，断言；D. wait等待。根据下文“she came t the US t fulfill her dream f visiting Disney Wrld in Flrida”可知，她是去迪士尼乐园实现自己的梦想，所以她很激动，迫不及待要告诉爷爷，can’t wait t d意为“迫不及待地想做某事”。故选D。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的爷爷斯派克和她都很喜欢迪士尼，他希望她去那里。A. land土地；B. histry历史；C. lve爱，喜爱；D. ppularity受欢迎的程度。根据上文“her dream f visiting Disney Wrld”可知，她是喜欢迪士尼的，和她爷爷一样。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此行还有另一个原因。A. match比赛；B. reasn原因；C. charge费用；D. admiratin钦佩。根据下一段的“which was why she went travelling”可知，后文是在解释她要去迪士尼的原因。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：三岁时，她被诊断出患有神经纤维瘤病，导致大脑和神经中形成肿瘤。A. frm形成；B. adapt适应；C. jin加入；D. take拿走。根据下文“After age 15, she required many surgeries t receive treatment fr the disease”可知，她大脑和神经中形成了肿瘤。故选A。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：15岁之后，她接受了多次手术来治疗这种疾病，但她继续生活并上了大学。A. did away with废除；B. gt n with继续；C. came up with提出；D. ended up with以……结束。根据下文“and entered university”可知，她能进入大学，所以是继续了她的生活。故选B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢孩子，但她决定不要孩子，害怕把疾病传给他们。A. prud骄傲的；B. afraid害怕的；C. ashamed惭愧的；D. certain肯定的。根据下文“passing n the disease t them”可知，她自己有病，所以害怕把这个病也传给孩子。故选B。
27．考查固定短语辨析。句意：结果，她成了一名兼职工人，照顾了40个孩子，这让她很满足。A. As a result结果；B. On average平均起来；C. In a wrd总之；D. In general一般来说。根据下文“she became a part-time wrker and cared fr 40 kids”可知，空后说的是她最后成了一名兼职。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，她成了一名兼职工人，照顾了40个孩子，这让她很满足。A. reslutin决心；B. presentatin展示；C. infrmatin信息；D. satisfactin满足。根据上文“She lved children”和“cared fr 40 kids”可知，她喜欢孩子，所以可以照顾40个孩子，她觉得很有满足感。故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她想让每一刻都有意义，这就是她去旅行的原因。A. sincere真诚的；B. lucky幸运的；C. relevant有意义的；D. traditinal传统的。根据下文“she went travelling”可知，她去旅行是为了让每一刻变得更有意义。故选C。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2020年，在她的大脑中发现了一个严重的肿瘤。A. simple简单的；B. serius严重的；C. regular有规律的；D. relative相对的。根据下文“She had t learn t get arund with the assistance f a wheelie walker”可知，她要用轮椅，所以她大脑里的瘤子应该是很严重。故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：手术使她失去了右手的功能。A. lst失去；B. develped发展；C. avided避免；D. hid躲藏。根据下文“teach herself t d basic tasks with her left hand”可知，她的右手不能动了，失去了功能。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于她的运动受到影响，她不得不学习在轮椅的帮助下四处走动，并自学用左手做一些基本的事情。A. character角色；B. backgrund背景；C. spirit精神；D. mvement活动。根据上文“She had t learn t get arund with the assistance f a wheelie walker”可知，她要靠轮椅走动，说明她的活动受限。故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的肿瘤治疗仍在进行中，但她还有很多期待。A. expect期待；B. abandn抛弃；C. cnsult咨询；D. recall回想起。根据下文“She has welcmed a Cavdle int her life, training it t be her service dg”可知，虽然她还需要继续治疗，但是她还有其他的期待。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她欢迎一只贵宾犬进入她的生活，训练它作为她的服务犬，以防她的病情恶化。A. wrks工作；B. reduces减少；C. wrsens恶化；D. imprves提高。根据上文“training it t be her service dg in case”可知，她训练一只贵宾犬是以防自己病情恶化。故选C。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她希望她的故事可以提醒别人，无论生活多么艰难，我们都要积极面对。A. sensitively敏感地；B. casually随意地；C. frmally正式地；D. psitively积极地。根据上文“She ___11___ the use f her right hand frm the surgery. She had t learn t get arund with the assistance f a wheelie walker as her ___12___ was affected, and teach herself t d basic tasks with her left hand”可知，虽然治疗肿瘤影响了她的活动，但是她还是很积极地面对这一切，所以她希望用她的故事提醒人们要积极面对生活。故选D。
7.（河北省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高三综测试题）
I was waiting in a checkut line. A wman and tw bys were ahead f me. At the cash desk, a white-haired man had begun t 21 his gds. Then came the 22 . Smetimes it’s a custmer with multiple cupns (优惠券), r smene wh frgt t 23 a piece f fruit. Fair enugh. One waited.
But tday, it was smething else. The man didn’t have 24 mney. S he began the prcess f chsing which 25 t keep and which t hand back. He 26 ver each ne befre keeping r abandning it. We waited. Lnger lines surged ahead.
Eventually, his 27 came t an end. The man turned back t us as he left, 28 and aplgetic. We 29 ff his chagrin (懊恼). It culd happen t anyne.
But I had n idea just hw 30 the family f three ahead f me were until their turn came. The wman asked the cashier t add all the 31 gds t her bill as quickly as pssible. Then the tw bys 32 thrugh the exit with the small bag f grceries. When they returned, it was clear that their missin had been 33 .
Then I realized all it tk t witness this flash f 34 was waiting a little lnger in a checkut line. I culd have caught the bus. But I felt s 35 n my feet that I walked hme instead.
21．A．bagB．listC．checkD．receive
22．A．questinB．barrierC．difficultyD．cnflict
23．A．fetchB．sliceC．weighD．taste
24．A．adequateB．pcketC．extraD．bnus
25．A．tlsB．itemsC．drinksD．snacks
26．A．dubtedB．glancedC．shiftedD．paused
27．A．delayB．evaluatinC．checkupD．selectin
28．A．thrilledB．anxiusC．embarrassedD．satisfied
29．A．blewB．wavedC．cutD．kicked
30．A．helplessB．sympatheticC．patientD．annyed
31．A．expensiveB．thrwn-awayC．left-behindD．majr
32．A．dashedB．slippedC．walkedD．mved
33．A．accmplishedB．failedC．pstpneD．started
34．A．tendernessB．curageC．kindnessD．tlerance
35．A．fastB．heavyC．clumsyD．light
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．A 34．C 35．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在超市买东西时，遇到帮助别人买单的好人的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在收银台，一位白发苍苍的男人已经开始把他的商品装进袋子里。A. bag把……装进袋子；B. list列清单；C. check检查；D. receive收到。根据语境和前文“At the cash desk, a white-haired man had begun t”可知，此处指在收银台打包自己买的商品。故选A项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后障碍来了。A. questin问题；B. barrier障碍，阻碍；C. difficulty困难；D. cnflict冲突。根据语境和后文“Smetimes it’s a custmer with multiple cupns (优惠券), r smene wh frgt t 3 a piece f fruit.”可知，此处表示收银台这儿发生的各种影响收银进度的障碍。故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时是有很多张优惠券的顾客，或者是忘记称水果重量的人。A. fetch取来；B. slice切成薄片；C. weigh称重；D. taste品尝。根据语境和前文“Smetimes it’s a custmer with multiple cupns (优惠券), r smene wh frgt t”可知，此处表示有人忘记称水果的重量，从而耽误收银进度。故选C项。
24．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：这个人没有足够的钱。A. adequate足够的；B. pcket袖珍的；C. extra额外的；D. bnus奖金。根据后文“S he began the prcess f chsing which 5 t keep and which t hand back.”可知，老人没有足够的钱来买下所有的东西。故选A项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他开始了选择保留哪些物品和归还哪些物品的过程。A. tls工具；B. items物品；C. drinks饮料；D. snacks小吃，零食。根据前文“At the cash desk, a white-haired man had begun t 1 his gds.”可知，此处指老人要结账的物品，呼应前文gds用items。故选B项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在每一个东西上都停顿了一下，然后保留或放弃它。A. dubted怀疑；B. glanced瞥见；C. shifted转移；D. paused暂停，停顿。根据语境和后文“We waited. Lnger lines surged ahead.”可知，他在选每个东西时都停顿一下。故选D项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，他的选择结束。A. delay推迟；B. evaluatin评估；C. checkup检查；D. selectin选择。根据前文“S he began the prcess f chsing which ____5____ t keep and which t hand back.”可知，此处指老人终于选完了东西。故选D项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个男人在离开时转身对着我们，尴尬又抱歉。A. thrilled激动的；B. anxius焦虑的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. satisfied满意的。根据前文“He 6 ver each ne befre keeping r abandning it. We waited. Lnger lines surged ahead.”以及后文“and aplgetic.”可知，此处指老人因耽误了别人的时间，感到尴尬和抱歉。故选C项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们挥手示意他不要懊恼。A. blew吹；B. waved挥动；C. cut切；D. kicked踢。根据语境和后文“ff his chagrin (懊恼). It culd happen t anyne.”可知，此处表示队伍后面的人挥手示意他不要懊恼。故选B项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到轮到他们，我才知道前面那一家三口是多么富有同情心。A. helpless无助的；B. sympathetic有同情心的；C. patient有耐心的；D. annyed生气的。根据后文“The wman asked the cashier t add all the 11 gds t her bill as quickly as pssible. Then the tw bys 12 thrugh the exit with the small bag f grceries. When they returned, it was clear that their missin had been 13 .”可知，此处表示这家人很有同情心。故选B项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位妇女要求收银员尽快把所有剩下的物品都加到她的账单上。A. expensive昂贵的；B. thrwn-away扔掉的；C. left-behind留下的，剩下的；D. majr主要的。根据语境和前文“S he began the prcess f chsing which 5 t keep and which t hand back.”可知，此处指老人因没有钱结账而剩下的物品。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，这两个男孩拿着那小袋食品从出口冲了出去。A. dashed猛冲；B. slipped滑动；C. walked散步；D. mved移动。根据语境和前文“The wman asked the cashier t add all the 11 gds t her bill as quickly as pssible.”可知，时间紧急，这两个男孩拿着东西冲了出去。故选A项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们回来时，很明显他们的任务已经完成了。A. accmplished完成；B. failed失败；C. pstpne推迟；D. started开始。根据语境和前文“When they returned”可知，男孩们回来说明东西已经送到了，即他们的任务已经完成了。故选A项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到，要见证这一瞬间的善意，只需要在结账队伍中多等一会儿。A. tenderness亲切；B. curage勇气；C. kindness善良D. tlerance忍受。根据前文“The wman asked the cashier t add all the 11 gds t her bill as quickly as pssible. Then the tw bys 12 thrugh the exit with the small bag f grceries.”可知，此处表示作者见证了这家人的善良。故选C项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是我觉得自己的脚步很轻，所以我步行回家。A. fast快的；B. heavy重的；C. clumsy笨拙的；D. light轻的。根据语境和后文“I walked hme instead.”可知，作者走路回家是因为觉得自己脚很轻，即他心情很好，步履轻快。故选D项。
（湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）
A wman is vlunteering in ashelter. It all started because she missed her wn 41 .
Sandy was at a lss when her belved Angus died last year — terribly lnely, yet nt quite 42 fr a new dg in her life. 43 , she decided t vlunteer at the lcal animal shelter and spend sme quality time with furry friends wh, like her, were 44 their ld buddies (伙伴).
Remembering that her dg had lved being read t, she brught alng a 45 there.
It's nw been 18 mnths sinceSandy first began 46 her chair beside the dg huse. Shelter wrkers say it really calms dwn the dgs, but Sandy says it des mre 47 t her than it des t the dgs.
Sandy was 48 that phts f her reading t dgs were spreading n the Internet until the media started calling. Kathleen, a fellw shelter vlunteer was s tuched by the sight f her 49 t an ld dg that she tk a pht and psted it n the Internet. She was s 50 with the dgs — I watched her read t several — and they just lved being 51 by her, "Kathleen said.
Inspired by Sandy's style f 52 , the shelter has annunced that a reading marathn is being 53 fr next September. The plan is t get kids in the neighbrhd 54 in reading t the animals, with the added benefit f reading practice fr the tw-leggers, alng with plenty f friendly 55 fr the fur-leggers.
41．A．husbandB．kidC．dgD．animal
42．A．readyB．freeC．srryD．grateful
43．A．HweverB．MeanwhileC．BesidesD．Therefre
44．A．cmfrtingB．admiringC．missingD．helping
45．A．tyB．bkC．cameraD．pht
46．A．settling intB．stealing intC．heading frD．lking fr
47．A．dutyB．wrkC．gdD．wrng
48．A．uneasyB．unsureC．unhappyD．unaware
49．A．readingB．attendingC．wavingD．whispering
50．A．cntentB．patientC．strictD．careful
51．A．interviewedB．trainedC．pettedD．phtgraphed
52．A．teachingB．livingC．thinkingD．vlunteering
53．A．acceptedB．predictedC．recrdedD．rganized
54．A．invlvedB．experiencedC．unitedD．relaxed
55．A．cmpetitinB．cmpanyC．serviceD．advice
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．B 46．A 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．D 53．D 54．A 55．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了Sandy为动物阅读的故事感动了很多的人， 由此引起了人们对于阅读的兴趣，让周围的人加入进来的故事。
【详解】1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一切都是因为她想念自己的狗。A. husband丈夫；B.kid孩子；C.dg狗；D.animal动物。根据后文“yet nt quite 2 fr a new dg in her life”可知她想念的是一只狗。故选C。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年，当她心爱的安格斯去世时，Sandy感到很失落，她非常孤独，但还没有准备好迎接一只新的狗。A.ready 准备好； B.free自由的；C.srry 抱歉的；D. grateful感激的。be ready t d sth.意为“准备好做某事”，根据前文“Sandy was at a lss when her belved Angus died last year — terribly lnely, yet nt quite”可知，此处指她还没准备好接纳一只新的狗。故选A。
3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，她决定去当地的动物收容所做志愿者，和那些像她一样想念老朋友的毛茸茸的朋友们一起度过一段美好时光。A. Hwever然而； B. Meanwhile 同时； C.Besides况且；D.Therefre因此。根据前文“yet nt quite 2 fr a new dg in her life.”后文 “she decided t vlunteer at the lcal animal shelter”可知，她很想念自己的狗，但没有准备好接纳新的狗，所以就决定去动物收容所做志愿者，两句之间是因果关系。故选D。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.cmfrting安慰；B.admiring崇拜；C.missing思念；D.helping帮助。根据前文“It all started because she missed her wn 1 ”可知，那些朋友和她一样，在想念自己的伙伴。故选C。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意： 记得她的狗喜欢别人读书给她听，她带了一本书来。A.ty 玩具；B. bk书；C.camera 相机；D.pht照片。根据前文“Remembering that her dg had lved being read t”可知，带来的应该是一本书。故选B。
6. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：自从Sandy第一次坐在狗屋旁边的椅子上，已经过去18个月了。A.settling int安顿；B.stealing int潜入； C.heading fr前往；D.lking fr寻找。根据后文“her chair beside the dg huse”可知， Sandy应该是阅读了18个月了，应该是坐在椅子上阅读的。故选A。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：收容所的工作人员说这样能让狗平静下来，但Sandy说这样对她比对狗好。A.duty职责；B.wrk工作；C.gd 好的；D. wrng错的。根据前文“Shelter wrkers say it really calms dwn the dgs”及后文“than it des t the dgs.”可知，Sandy说这对她来说更好。故选C。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sandy 不知道她给狗读书的照片在网上传播，直到媒体开始报道。A.uneasy不容易的；B.unsure不确定的；C.unhappy不高兴的；D.unaware不明白的。根据后文句子“that she tk a pht and psted it n the Internet.”可知Sandy并不知道她的照片在网上流传的事。故选D。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳，一个收容所的志愿者，看到她给一只老狗读书的情景非常感动，她拍了一张照片，并把它发到了网上。A.reading阅读；B.attending参加；C.waving挥舞；D. whispering窃窃私语。根据后文句子“I watched her read t several”可知，此处指的是给狗阅读的照片。故选A。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她对狗很有耐心——我看着她给好几只狗读故事——它们喜欢被她抚摸。” 凯瑟琳说。A.cntent满意的；B.patient有耐心的；C.strict严格的；D.careful仔细的。根据后文句子“I watched her read t several”可知，Sandy给狗阅读的这种耐心。故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. interviewed采访；B.trained 训练；C. petted 抚摸；D.phtgraphed拍照。根据前文“She was s 10 with the dgs”可知，应该是抚摸那些狗，故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到Sandy志愿服务风格的启发，收容所宣布明年九月将举办一场阅读马拉松。A.teaching教授；B.living居住；C.thinking思考；D. vlunteering主动，自愿。根据前文“she decided t vlunteer at the lcal animal shelter ”后文“the shelter has annunced that a reading m arathn is being 13 fr next September”可知，受Sandy志愿服务风格的鼓舞，动物收容所宣布明年九月将举办一场阅读比赛。故选D。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.accepted接受；B.predicted预测；C.recrded记录；D. rganized组织。根据后文“The plan is t get kids in the neighbrhd 14 in reading t the animals,”可知，动物收容所宣布明年九月将组织举办一场阅读比赛。故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的计划是让附近的孩子们，参与到给动物读书的活动中来，同时给双腿的孩子们带来阅读练习的额外好处，同时给四腿的孩子们带来很多友好的陪伴。A.invlved 涉及到；B.experienced经历；C.united 团结；D.relaxed放松。get invlved in，意为“参与……活动”，根据前文“The plan is t get kids in the neighbrhd”可知，组织这个活动是为了让孩子们参加到这个阅读的活动中来，故选A。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.cmpetitin竞赛；B.cmpany陪伴；C. service 服务；D.advice建议。根据语境可知，人类给动物的阅读同时也是对于动物的陪伴。故选B。
（2024届四川省成都树德中学高三零诊模拟试题）
D yu believe just a simple delivery culd change a stranger’s life frever? Well, when 21-year-ld Anabelle 21 sme fd using DrDash, she 22 started a chain f events. It started when her drbell camera gave her a 23 f an elderly man delivering her fd. He was clearly 24 , but he still 25 t get the jb dne. And it 26 Anabelle’s heart. T help him ut, she gave him a $30 tip n a $21 rder — but that was just the start f her 27 .
After a TikTk she 28 f the delivery went viral, Anabelle became 29 t use the attentin t raise mney fr this man. But first, she had t find him. Against all dds, she tried 30 DrDash t get his infrmatin and kept psting 31 n TikTk.
Finally, Anabelle knew this sweet man’s name: Kerry. And 32 he’s nrmally very private, she had the 33 t get mre infrmatin f him. At 71 years ld, Kerry has yet t have the pprtunity t 34 . His wife died in 2011, and his tw disabled sns are 35 his care. He wrks as a driver and that incme desn’t 36 his life. His recent health 37 have even made things mre difficult. Anabelle shared his stry n GFundMe where it slwly 38 surely began t reach cuntless peple mved by Kerry’s struggles. Befre they 39 it, news utlets arund the wrld were sharing Kerry’s stry. And nw, ver a mnth later, ver $107K has been raised!
“I can’t begin t 40 the amunt f supprt frm acrss the wrld! This is life changing fr Kerry and beynd what I culd ever imagine!” Anabelle wrte.
21．A．rderedB．madeC．recrdedD．depsited
22．A．apparentlyB．uncnsciuslyC．typicallyD．cnstantly
23．A．senseB．turnverC．viewD．ttal
24．A．strugglingB．awkwardC．ridiculusD．terrifying
25．A．frcedB．attemptedC．allwedD．managed
26．A．struckB．gaveC．hadD．played
27．A．plitenessB．genersityC．satisfactinD．ambitin
28．A．sentB．paidC．fueledD．psted
29．A．gratefulB．excitedC．determinedD．energetic
30．A．discveringB．cmmunicatingC．cntactingD．investing
31．A．phtsB．updatesC．predictinsD．stries
32．A．even whenB．even asC．even afterD．even thugh
33．A．privilegeB．effrtC．challengeD．reward
34．A．turn dwnB．slw dwnC．calm dwnD．get dwn
35．A．abveB．inC．underD．beynd
36．A．spendB．payC．takeD．cver
37．A．habitsB．discveriesC．issuesD．burdens
38．A．butB．andC．rD．if
39．A．receivedB．understdC．metD．knew
40．A．understandB．describeC．repeatD．quit
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．C 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C 36．D 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anabelle一次无心之举，竟然为Kerry的生活带来了巨大的变化。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当21岁的Anabelle用DrDash点餐时，她无意识地引发了一系列事件。A. rdered点餐；B. made制作；C. recrded记录；D. depsited存放、沉淀。根据上文“D yu believe just a simple delivery culd change a stranger’s life frever?”可知，Anabelle是点餐，然后Kerry是送餐的人。故选A。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当21岁的Anabelle用DrDash点餐时，她无意识地引发了一系列事件。A. apparently明显地；B. uncnsciusly无意识地；C. typically典型地；D. cnstantly不断地。根据上文“D yu believe just a simple delivery culd change a stranger’s life frever?”可知，后来的事情都是Anabelle点餐时所没有想到的，是无意识地。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一切始于她的门前摄像头拍到一位老人给她送食物的画面。A. sense感官；B. turnver成交量；C. view观点，画面；D. ttal总数。根据空前“when her drbell camera”可知，这是她的门前摄像头所拍下的画面。故选C。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他显然在挣扎，但他还是设法把工作完成了。A. struggling努力的，挣扎的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. ridiculus荒唐的；D. terrifying令人害怕的。根据下文“And it ____6____ Anabelle’s heart. T help him ut, she gave him a $30 tip n a $21 rder—but that was just the start f her ____7____.”可知，Anabelle大受感动，所以老人在送餐时应该有困难，在挣扎。故选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他显然在挣扎，但他还是设法把工作完成了。A. frced强迫；B. attempted试图；C. allwed允许；D. managed设法、成功。根据下文“And it ____6____ Anabelle’s heart. T help him ut, she gave him a $30 tip n a $21 rder—but that was just the start f her ____7____.”可知，Anabelle大受感动，所以老人在送餐时应该有困难，在挣扎；而空前的but则暗示，尽管送餐困难还是完成了。故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它打动了Anabelle的心。A. struck碰撞、打动；B. gave给；C. had有；D. played玩。根据上文“He was clearly ____4____, but he still ____5____ t get the jb dne.”可知，Kerry尽管送餐有困难，还是完成了，看到这一幕，Anabelle很感动。故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助他，她在21美元的订单上给了他30美元的小费——但这只是她慷慨的开始。A. pliteness礼貌；B. genersity慷慨；C. satisfactin满足，满意；D. ambitin理想、雄心。根据下文“Anabelle became ____9____ t use the attentin t raise mney fr this man.”可知，Anabelle想为这个老人筹钱，这是慷慨的行为。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Anabelle在TikTk上发布了这一送餐事件的帖子走红后，她下定决心利用人们的关注为这名男子筹集资金。A. sent发送；B. paid付款；C. fueled加油；D. psted发布。根据空前的“TikTk”可知，Anabelle是在社交平台上发布了这一送餐事件。故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Anabelle在TikTk上发布了这一送餐事件的帖子走红后，她下定决心利用人们的关注为这名男子筹集资金。A. grateful感激的；B. excited兴奋的；C. determined下定决心的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“But first, she had t find him. Against all dds, she tried ____10____ DrDash t get his infrmatin and kept psting ____11____ n TikTk.”可知，Anabelle开始了一系列活动，所以她是下定决心做这件事。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，她还是试图联系DrDash获取他的信息，并不断在TikTk上发布更新。A. discvering发现；B. cmmunicating交流；C. cntacting联系；D. investing投资，投入。根据下文“get his infrmatin”可知，她是联系DrDash这个平台，以获得这个人的信息。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，她还是试图联系DrDash获取他的信息，并不断在TikTk上发布更新。A. phts照片；B. updates更新；C. predictins预测；D. stries故事。根据上文她在TikTk上发文，以及上文“Anabelle became ____9____ t use the attentin t raise mney fr this man.”可知，Anabelle想要找到他，所以她应该是不断发布更新。故选B。
32．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：尽管他通常都很注重隐私，但她有特权获得更多关于他的信息。A. even when甚至当……时；B. even as甚至作为；C. even after甚至在……之后；D. even thugh尽管。根据上文“Finally, Anabelle knew this sweet man’s name: Kerry.”以及下文“she had the ____13____ t get mre infrmatin f him.”可知，尽管他注重隐私，Anabelle还是找到了他。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他通常都很注重隐私，但她有特权获得更多关于他的信息。A. privilege特权；B. effrt努力；C. challenge挑战；D. reward报酬，奖励。根据上文“But first, she had t find him. Against all dds, she tried ____10____ DrDash t get his infrmatin and kept psting ____11____ n TikTk.”可知，她是联系平台，而且在这个平台点餐，所以她拥有一定的特权。故选A。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现年71岁的Kerry还没有机会放慢脚步。A. turn dwn拒绝，调低；B. slw dwn放慢脚步；C. calm dwn镇定下来；D. get dwn写下。根据下文“His wife died in 2011, and his tw disabled sns are ____15____ his care.”可知，他妻子去世，需要照顾两个儿子，所以他不能休息，也就是无法放慢脚步。故选B。
35．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他的妻子于2011年去世，他的两个残疾儿子由他照顾。A. abve在……之上；B. in在……内；C. under在……之下；D. beynd超越。根据空前的“tw disabled sns”可知，他两个儿子有残疾，所以他要照顾。考查短语：under ne’s care(在某人的照顾下)。故选C。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是个司机，那份收入不够他的生活。A. spend花费；B. pay付款；C. take取走；D. cver覆盖，支付，包括。根据上文可知，Kerry还在送餐赚钱，所以司机的收入无法支付一家人的支出。故选D。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最近的健康问题甚至让事情变得更加困难。A. habits习惯；B. discveries发现；C. issues问题；D. burdens负担。根据空后“made things mre difficult”可知，他的健康出了问题。故选C。
38．考查连词词义辨析。句意：Anabelle在GFundMe上分享了他的故事，在那里，他的故事虽然慢，但却使无数人感动于Kerry的努力。A. but但是；B. and并且；C. r或者；D. if如果。前一分句和后一分句之间存在转折关系，slwly和surely之间也有转折。故选A。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们知道之前，世界各地的新闻媒体都在分享Kerry的故事。A. received接收；B. understd理解；C. met遇见；D. knew知道。根据上文“Anabelle shared his stry n GFundMe where it slwly ____18____ surely began t reach cuntless peple mved by Kerry’s struggles.”可知，人们慢慢开始了解他的故事。所以，是在人们知道之前。故选D。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我无法描述来自世界各地的支持！这是Kerry人生的改变，超出了我的想象！”Anabelle写道。A. understand理解；B. describe描述；C. repeat重复；D. quit停止。根据下文“This is life changing fr Kerry and beynd what I culd ever imagine!”可知，这一切已经超出了Anabella的想象，所以她几乎无法去描述那些支持。故选B。
（四川省成都外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）
The mst imprtant lessn I learned in high schl had nthing t d with maths r American histry. It came at graduatin, several minutes befre I left Miramnte High Schl.
I was rather shy back then, cntent t 21 arund with my few friends and t cncentrate n my 22 . I was ding s well that by the end f senir year I had perfect scres and enugh 23 t g t cllege.
But my gd recrd sn became a 24 t my well-being. In early June f senir year, the headmaster called me int his ffice. He asked me t give a leave-taking speech at graduatin. I lked at him, my heart 25 fast. This was the 26 fr my hard wrk? I said smething, but nt very clearly, and hurried away frm the ffice.
I was 27 abut the decisin, finally agreeing t cmprmise. I wasn’t the nly speaker — I wuld 28 the hnr with five ther students. Still, it was dubtful whether the task was 29 me. Hw in the wrld wuld I give a speech t hundreds f peple?
Graduatin day sn arrived and, as 30 , I was nervus. I’d been practicing my speech fr days, and I had it 31 . But I had never been s 32 in my life. The first half hur f the ceremny passed, and then my 33 came. My name was annunced. I managed t reach the platfrm withut falling dwn. But within minutes, I finished my speech, 34 back t my seat and feeling unsatisfied with my perfrmance.
Nw I still have the 35 f that speech. My vice trembled a little, but 36 it was clear and strng. I’m prud f that tape. I achieved smething I’d never 37 — I spke in frnt f hundreds f peple. 38 I didn’t realize it at the time, the successful cmpletin f that speech gave me the 39 t participate in class at cllege, t give ral reprts, and t eventually break free f my 40 .
I never wuld have chsen t give a speech at graduatin. But I am glad I did. I knw it may well turn ut t be ne f my shining mments.
21．A．hangB．lkC．turnD．run
22．A．charactersB．interestsC．gamesD．subjects
23．A．mneyB．creditsC．timeD．standards
24．A．luckB．benefitC．fearD．slutin
25．A．burningB．breakingC．achingD．beating
26．A．punishmentB．rewardC．arrangementD．sympathy
27．A．dubtfulB．ptimisticC．generusD．hesitant
28．A．shareB．bringC．spareD．give
29．A．abutB．frC．upnD．beynd
30．A．knwnB．hpedC．expectedD．planned
31．A．thrwnB．printedC．memrizedD．cmpleted
32．A．interestedB．terrifiedC．excitedD．disappinted
33．A．mmentB．clayC．chanceD．decisin
34．A．passingB．handingC．headingD．returning
35．A．pictureB．tapeC．paperD．wrd
36．A．partiallyB．immediatelyC．franklyD．mstly
37．A．dreamedB．madeC．decidedD．requested
38．A．BecauseB．WhenC．AlthughD．Unless
39．A．respectB．cnfidenceC．freedmD．excuse
40．A．shynessB．prideC．stupidityD．curage
【答案】
21．A 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾经一直是一个成绩优异但很害羞的人，但是高中毕业典礼上的一次公开演讲的成功，让他战胜了害羞，战胜了自我。这也成为了他高中时期最重要的一课。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那时我很害羞，满足于和我的很少几个朋友在一起闲逛和专注于我的学业。A. hang arund闲逛；B. lk arund四下观望；C. turn arund转身；D. run arund东奔西跑。根据上文的“I was rather shy back then”可知，那时我很害羞，不善于交际，所以只和很少几个朋友玩。故选A项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时我很害羞，满足于和我的几个朋友在一起闲逛和专注于我的学业。A. characters汉字；B. interests兴趣；C. games游戏；D. subjects科目。根据下文的“I had perfect scres and enugh 3 t g t cllege”可知，在毕业时，我获得了很好的学业成绩，所以说我平时专注于学习，专注于我所学的学科。故选D项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做得很好，到高三学年末，我有了完美的分数和足够的学分去上大学。A. mney钱；B. credits学分；C. time时间；D. standards标准。根据上文的“had perfect scres”和下文“t g t cllege”可知，我的分数很高，学业成绩好，也就有了足够的学分可以读大学。故选B项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的良好记录很快就变成了我幸福的恐惧。A. luck运气；B. benefit利益；C. fear恐惧；D. slutin解决办法。根据下文的“I lked at him, my heart 5 fast.”可知，面对校长给我的任务我心跳加速，说明我是很害怕的。故选C项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着他，我的心跳加速。A. burning燃烧；B. breaking打破；C. aching疼痛；D. beating心跳。根据上文的“But my gd recrd sn became a 4 t my well-being.”可知，我这个任务让我感到恐惧，所以我会在面对他时，心跳加速。故选D项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对我努力学习的回报吗？A. punishment惩罚；B. reward回报；C. arrangement安排；D. sympathy同情。根据上文的“But my gd recrd sn became a 4 t my well-being.”可知，我良好的学业成绩带给了我恐惧，所以此处用疑问句的形式，表示一种情绪，意思是我努力学习结果却回报给我了恐惧。故选B项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对这个决定犹豫不决，最终同意妥协。A. dubtful怀疑的；B. ptimistic乐观的；C. generus慷慨的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据下文的“finally agreeing t cmprmise.”可知，我最终同意妥协了，所以说明我之前曾经对这个决定犹豫不决。故选D项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会和其他五个学生共享这一荣誉。A. share分享；B. bring带来；C. spare匀出；D. give给。根据上文的“I wasn’t the nly speaker”可知，我不是唯一的演讲者，所以我会和其他五个学生共享这一荣誉。故选A项。
29．考查介词词义辨析。句意：不过，我还是怀疑自己是否无法胜任这项任务。A. abut关于；B. fr为了；C. upn在……上；D. beynd超出。根据上文的“it was dubtful”可知，我一直怀疑，所怀疑的是“这个任务是否超出我的能务范围”。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕业日很快就到了，不出所料，我感到很紧张。A. knwn知道；B. hped希望；C. expected期待；D. planned计划。根据上文的“Still, it was dubtful whether the task was 9 me.”可知，我一直怀疑自己是否无法胜任这项任务，所这种紧张是不出所料的。故选C项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经练习了好几天这个演讲，并且已经记住它了。A. thrwn扔；B. printed印刷；C. memrized记忆；D. cmpleted完成。根据上文的“I’d been practicing my speech fr days”可知，我已经练习了好几天这个演讲，所以我已经记住它了。故选C项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我这辈子从来没有这么害怕过。A. interested感兴趣的；B. terrified害怕的；C. excited兴奋的；D. disappinted失望的。根据下文的“I managed t reach the platfrm withut falling dwn”可知，我设法走到讲台那里，而中途没有摔倒，所以说我非常害怕和紧张。故选B项。
33．考查词词义辨析。句意：仪式的前半小时过去了，然后我的时刻就来了。A. mment时刻；B. clay黏土；C. chance机会；D. decisin决定。根据下文的“My name was annunced.”可知，我的名字被宣布了，所以是到了我演讲的时刻了。故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但几分钟后，我完成了演讲，回到座位上，对自己的表现感到不满意。A. passing走过；B. handing交给；C. heading朝……进发；D. returning返回。根据上文的“I finished my speech”可知，我已演讲完毕，所以我要从讲台回到座位上。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我还有那次演讲的录音带。A. picture图片；B. tape录音带；C. paper纸；D. wrd词。根据上文的“My vice trembled a little, but 16 it was clear and strng.”可知，现在我还能听到我自己的声音，所以说我现在还有当时演讲的录音带。故选B项。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的声音有点颤抖，但大部分时间都是清晰而有力的。A. partially部分地；B. immediately立即地；C. frankly坦率地；D. mstly大部分地。根据上文的“My vice trembled a little”可知，此处a little说明我的声音“有点“颤抖，这只是一点点缺点，下文使用转折连词but，说明我“大部分时间”讲得还是不错的。故选D项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我实现了一件我从未梦想过的事情。A. dreamed梦想；B. made制作；C. decided决定；D. requested请求。根据上文的“I was 7 abut the decisin, finally agreeing t cmprmise.”可知，我曾经恐惧犹豫，从来都没想过自己能做演讲，所以说现在演讲成功了，我实现了一件我从未梦想过的事情。故选A项。
38．考查从属连词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时我并没有意识到，但是演讲的成功完成给了我信心去大学上课，做口头报告，并最终摆脱了我的害羞。 A. Because因为；B. When当……时候；C. Althugh尽管；D. Unless除非。根据句意可知，上下文是转折关系，应该用从属连词althugh(尽管)连接，意思是“尽管当时我并没有意识到这次演讲成功的意义所在，但是演讲的成功完成给了我信心去大学上课，做口头报告，并最终摆脱了我的害羞。”。故选C项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然当时我并没有意识到，但是演讲的成功完成给了我信心去大学上课，做口头报告，并最终摆脱了我的害羞。A. respect尊敬；B. cnfidence信心；C. freedm自由；D. excuse借口。根据下文的“and t eventually break free f my 20 .”可知，演讲的成功让我最终摆脱了我的害羞，所以说明是它给了我信心。故选B项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然当时我并没有意识到，但是演讲的成功完成给了我信心去大学上课，做口头报告，并最终摆脱了我的害羞。A. shyness害羞；B. pride骄傲；C. stupidity愚蠢；D. curage勇气。根据上文的“I was rather shy back then”可知，文章开头就提到我曾经是一个很害羞的人，所以在我经历了这些之后，最终摆脱了我的害羞，首尾呼应。故选A项。
（2023年江苏省南京市第一中学高三试题）
Many cities arund the wrld tday are heavily plluted. Careless methds f prductin and 41 f cnsumer demands fr envirnment friendly prducts have 42 the pllutin prblem. One 43 is that millins f tns f glass, paper, plastic, and metal cntainers are prduced, and these are difficult t get rid f.
44 , tday, mre and mre cnsumers are chsing “green” and demanding that the prducts they buy shuld be safe fr the envirnment. 45 they buy a prduct, they ask questins like these: “Will this shamp damage the envirnment?” “Can this metal cntainer be 46 r can it nly be used nce?”
A recent study shwed that tw 47 five adults nw cnsider the envirnmental safety f a prduct befre they buy it. This means that cmpanies must nw change the 48 they make and sell their prducts t make sure that they are “green,” that is, friendly t the envirnment.
Only a few years ag, it was impssible t find green prducts in supermarkets, but nw there are hundreds. Sme supermarket prducts 49 labels t shw that the prduct is green. Sme cmpanies emphasize that their prducts are clean and safe in their advertising and have made it their main selling 50 .
The 51 fr a safer and cleaner envirnment is making cmpanies rethink 52 they d business. N lnger will the public accept the ld 53 f “Buy it, use it, thrw it away and frget it.” The public 54 is still here, and cmpanies are 55 their act gradually.
41．A．partB．lackC．ltsD．varieties
42．A．applied tB．cntributed tC．expsed tD．devted t
43．A．pssibilityB．chanceC．resultD．effect
44．A．TherefreB．FurthermreC．SimilarlyD．Hwever
45．A．AfterB．ThughC．BefreD．Unless
46．A．reusedB．safeC．friendlyD．returned
47．A．fB．nC．frmD．ut f
48．A．rhymeB．wayC．sectinD．branch
49．A．carryB．takeC．includeD．make
50．A．advantageB．techniqueC．pintD．attractin
51．A．cncernB．hpeC．careD．plan
52．A．whatB．hwC．whetherD．when
53．A．sayingB．trustC．attitudeD．fashin
54．A．pressureB．pleasureC．discussinD．interest
55．A．enlargingB．sharingC．cleaningD．imprving
【答案】
41．B 42．B 43．C 44．D 45．C 46．A 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．A 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了公众环保理念的变化导致生产者愿意生产出绿色产品。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：粗心的生产方法和缺乏消费者对环保产品的需求导致了污染问题。A. part部分；B. lack缺乏； C. lts许多； D. varieties种类。根据“Many cities arund the wrld tday are heavily plluted.”可知，因为缺乏消费者对环保产品的需求，当今世界上许多城市污染严重。故选B。
42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：粗心的生产方法和缺乏消费者对环保产品的需求导致了污染问题。A. applied t适用于；B. cntributed t导致； C. expsed t接触； D. devted t致力于。根据“Careless methds f prductin and 1 f cnsumer demands fr envirnment friendly prducts ”可知，这些原因导致污染问题。故选B。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果之一就是产生了数百万吨的玻璃、纸、塑料和金属容器，而这些都很难处理掉。A. pssibility可能；B. chance机会； C. result结果； D. effect效果。根据“millins f tns f glass, paper, plastic, and metal cntainers are prduced, and these are difficult t get rid f”可知，粗心的生产方法和缺乏消费者对环保产品的需求的结果之一是产生了数百万吨的玻璃、纸、塑料和金属容器。故选C。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，今天，越来越多的消费者选择“绿色”，并要求他们购买的产品应该对环境安全。A. Therefre因此；B. Furthermre此外； C. Similarly相似； D. Hwever然而。根据“Careless methds f prductin and 1 f cnsumer demands fr envirnment friendly prducts have 2 the pllutin prblem.”可知，前后情况不同，表示转折，故选D。
45．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在购买产品之前，他们会问这样的问题:“这种洗发水会破坏环境吗?”A. After之后；B. Thugh尽管； C. Befre之前； D. Unless除非。根据“tday, mre and mre cnsumers are chsing ‘green’”以及“adults nw cnsider the envirnmental safety f a prduct befre they buy it.”可知，消费者在购买前会问一些产品是否环保的问题。故选C。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这个金属容器可以重复使用还是只能使用一次?”A. reused重新使用；B. safe安全的； C. friendly友好的； D. returned返回的。根据“r can it nly be used nce?”可知，消费者购买金属容器前会询问是否可以重复利用。故选A。
47．考查介词词义辨析。句意：最近的一项研究表明，现在有五分之二的成年人在购买产品之前会考虑产品的环境安全性。A. f的；B. n在...之上； C. frm来自； D. ut f出去。根据“adults nw cnsider the envirnmental safety f a prduct ”可知，这是描述有一定数量的成年人会考虑产品是否环保。tw ut f five表示五分之二，故选D。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着公司现在必须改变他们制造和销售产品的方式，以确保他们是“绿色的”，也就是说，对环境有益处。A. rhyme押韵；B. way方法，方式； C.sectin部分； D. branch树枝。根据“Careless methds f prductin ”可知，为了迎合消费者对环保产品的需求，公司要改变制造和销售产品方式。故选B。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些超市的产品带有绿色标签。A. carry携带；B. take带着； C. include包括； D. make制作。根据“t shw that the prduct is green.”可知，产品标签是绿色标签。故选A。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些公司在广告中强调他们的产品是清洁和安全的，并以此作为主要卖点。A. advantage优势；B. technique技术； C. pint点； D. attractin吸引。根据“Sme cmpanies emphasize that their prducts are clean and safe in their advertising ”可知，产品清洁安全是公司销售卖点。故选C。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对更安全、更清洁的环境的关注正促使企业重新思考自己的经营方式。A. cncern关注；B. hpe希望； C. care关爱； D. plan计划。根据“Sme cmpanies emphasize that their prducts are clean and safe in their advertising ”可知，企业关注更安全更清洁的环境。故选A。
52．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对更安全、更清洁的环境的关注正促使企业重新思考自己的经营方式。A. what什么；B. hw如何； C. whether是否； D. when当时。根据“Sme cmpanies emphasize that their prducts are clean and safe in their advertising ”可知，这是企业如何经营的方式。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：公众将不再接受“买它，用它，扔掉它，忘记它”的旧态度。A. saying谚语；B. trust信任； C. attitude态度； D. fashin时尚。根据“Buy it, use it, thrw it away and frget it.”可知，这是旧的态度。故选C。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：公众的压力仍然存在，公司正在逐步改善他们的行为。A. pressure压力；B. pleasure乐趣； C. discussin讨论； D. interest兴趣。根据“N lnger will the public accept the ld 13 f‘Buy it, use it, thrw it away and frget it.’”可知，故选A。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：公众的压力仍然存在，公司正在逐步改善他们的行为。A. enlarging扩大；B. sharing分享； C. cleaning打扫； D. imprving改进。根据“Sme cmpanies emphasize that their prducts are clean and safe in their advertising ”可知，这是公司改善自己的行为。故选D。
12.（江苏省盐城市、南京市2022年高三试题）
Mil is a rescue dg, adpted by 20-year-ld Makayla Swift. One mrning in Nvember 2021, Swift pened her frnt dr and Mil 21 running. “I culdn’t catch him,” she said.
Mil ran t a huse acrss the street. He seemed 22 with this huse, s he ran t the ne next dr, Swift n his 23 .
When it started scratching (抓挠) n the frnt dr, Swift was 24 . Nt everyne wants a 25 dg n their prperty. But as she tried t 26 Mil away, she culd hear a sund cming thrugh an pen upstairs windw. It was a vice crying “Help!”
Hurs earlier, Sherry Starr, 85, had just 27 arund 4 am. “All f a sudden, standing there between the tilet and the bathtub, I 28 .” she said, “I went dwn hard n the flr.” “I culd nt mve at all,” said Starr, wh was 29 between the tilet and the bathtub, Starr was feeling 30 all ver, but mre than anything, she was scared. “I’m thinking: I’m just ging t die here.”
Her best 31 , she decided, was t listen fr the letter carrier in the afternn. Fr the next few hurs, Starr 32 crying: “Help! Help! Help!"
“Her vice was very 33 ,” said Swift. “Yu had t be right n the spt t hear Mrs. Starr cry fr 34 unless yu were Mil, wh had 35 heard Starr the instant I had pened the wn frnt dr.” Swift called 911 and sn medical staff helped her ut.
21．A．tk ffB．cleared fC．came arundD．wandered arund
22．A．cncernedB．annyedC．impressedD．delighted
23．A．tailB．rightC．backD．frnt
24．A．depressedB．inspiredC．amusedD．embarrassed
25．A．cuteB．faithfulC．strangeD．gentle
26．A．sendB．turnC．dragD．thrw
27．A．calmed dwnB．lain dwnC．sat upD．risen up
28．A．divedB．delayedC．skippedD．slipped
29．A．fundB．stuckC．hiddenD．placed
30．A．painB．easeC．strengthD．anger
31．A．betB．resultC．rleD．guess
32．A．imaginedB．regrettedC．practicedD．stpped
33．A．familiarB．clearC．sftD．different
34．A．freedmB．mercyC．peaceD．help
35．A．eventuallyB．apparentlyC．randmlyD．frequently
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．C 27．D 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．A 32．C 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是一只小狗在听到对面邻居家微弱的呼救声而产生的怪异行为，救了一位85岁的老人的故事。
21．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：2021 年 11 月的一个早晨，斯威夫特打开了她的前门，米洛跑了起来。A. tk ff突然离去；B. cleared f清除，扫清；C. came arund苏醒；D. wandered arund四处流浪。根据下文中的““I culdn’t catch him,” she said.”可知，此处指的是小狗突然失控跑起来。故选A项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎对这所房子很恼火，所以他跑到隔壁的房子，斯威夫特紧随其后。A. cncerned担心的B. annyed恼怒的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. delighted高兴的。根据下文中的“s he ran t the ne next dr”可知，这只小狗对这一个不满意，又去了下一家。故选B项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎对这所房子很恼火，所以他跑到隔壁的房子，斯威夫特紧随其后。A. tail尾巴；B. right右面；C. back后面；D. frnt前面。根据上文中的“s he ran t the ne next dr”可知，Swift应该是紧随其后，故选A项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当它开始在前门上抓挠时，斯威夫特感到尴尬。A. depressed忧郁的；B. inspired受启发的；C. amused愉快的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文中的“When it started scratching (抓挠) n the frnt dr”以及下文中的“Nt everyne wants a____5____ dg n their prperty.”可知，斯威夫特觉得自己的狗去陌生人家抓挠会让人觉得很尴尬。故选D项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不是每个人都想在他们的地盘上养一只奇怪的狗。A. cute可爱的；B. faithful忠诚的；C. strange奇怪的；D. gentle温柔的。根据上文中的“When it started scratching (抓挠) n the frnt dr, Swift was____4____.”可知，这只狗的行为是很怪异的。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当她试图把米洛拖走时，她听到一个声音从楼上打开的窗户传来。A. send发送；B. turn转向；C. drag拖，拉；D. thrw扔，投。结合常识和语境可知，当自己家的狗在陌生人家门口抓挠，主人的反应应该时将其“拖走”。故选C项。
27．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：几个小时前，85岁的Sherry Starr在凌晨4点左右刚刚起床。A. calmed dwn平静下来；B. lain dwn放下；C. sat up端坐；D. risen up上升。根据下文中的时间状语“arund 4 am.”可知，此时应该是这位老人醒来的时间。故选D项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“突然间，站在马桶和浴缸之间，我滑倒了，”她说，“我狠狠地摔在地板上。A. dived下潜；B. delayed延误；C. skipped跳过；D. slipped滑动。根据下文中的““I went dwn hard n the flr.” “I culd nt mve at all,” said Starr”可知，老人应该是不小心滑倒了。故选D项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我根本不能动，”斯塔尔说，她被卡在马桶和浴缸之间，斯塔尔感到全身疼痛，但最重要的是，她很害怕。A. fund发现；B. stuck粘贴，困住；C. hidden隐藏；D. placed放置。根据上文中的““I culd nt mve at all,” said Starr”可知，老人斯塔尔应该是被困在马桶和浴缸之间。故选B项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我根本不能动，”斯塔尔说，她被卡在马桶和浴缸之间，斯塔尔感到全身疼痛，但最重要的是，她很害怕。A. pain疼痛；B. ease轻松；C. strength力量；D. anger生气。根据上文中的““I went dwn hard n the flr.” “I culd nt mve at all,” said Starr”可知，老人重重的摔倒在地，应该是感觉到疼痛。故选A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决定，她最好的选择是下午听信使。A. bet赌注；B. result结果；C. rle角色，作用；D. guess猜测。根据下文中的“she decided, was t listen fr the letter carrier in the afternn.”可知，此处指的是斯塔尔老人赌一把，希望信使能够及时到来发现自己。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个小时里，斯塔尔就开始练习哭喊:“救命！救命！救命！”A. imagined想象；B. regretted后悔；C. practiced训练；D. stpped停止。根据上文中的“Her best ____11____, she decided, was t listen fr the letter carrier in the afternn.”可知，斯塔尔老人在下定主意后，开始练习求救，以便信使可以听到。故选C项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她的声音很轻，”斯威夫特说。A. familiar熟悉的；B. clear清楚的；C. sft柔软的；D. different不同的。根据下文中的““Yu had t be right n the spt t hear Mrs. Starr cry fr____14____ unless yu were Mil”可知，斯塔尔老人的呼救声很弱，必须站在正门口才能听到。故选C项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你必须在现场听到斯塔尔太太的呼救声，除非你是米洛，在我打开自己前门的那一刻，她显然听到了斯塔尔的声音。A. freedm自由；B. mercy同情；C. peace和平；D. help帮助。根据上文中的“Fr the next few hurs, Starr ____12____ crying: “Help! Help! Help!””可知，此处指的是老人的求救声。故选D项。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“你必须在现场听到斯塔尔太太的呼救声，除非你是米洛，在我打开自己前门的那一刻，她显然听到了斯塔尔的声音。A. eventually最终；B. apparently明显地；C. randmly随机地；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文中的“Yu had t be right n the spt t hear Mrs. Starr cry fr____14____ unless yu were Mil,”以及下文中的“heard Starr the instant I had pened the wn frnt dr.”可知，此处是在分析小狗米洛能听到斯塔尔老人呼叫声的原因，结合语境可知，此处为“很显然，很明显”表示这是一种合理的解释。故选B项。
13.（浙江省浙南名校联盟2023年高三试题）
As temperatures drpped during the deadly New Yrk blizzard(暴风雪), Jay Withey’s truck was running lw n fuel s he was left 21 in Cheektwaga, New Yrk, n December 23. Instead f waiting fr rescue, he 22 : he decided t seek 23 by breaking ne f the windws t get them inside as he began t 24 mre peple stuck utdrs with nwhere t g The schl alarm went ff, 25 plice fficials were unable t reach the schl during the strm. He als left the frnt dr pen s thers culd make their way inside. Once inside, he pened the kitchen dr and grabbed just the 26 fd t feed peple. The grup 27 indrs fr abut 24 hurs and left the next mrning. As the strm 28 , Withey fund a snwblwer (吹雪机) inside the schl and helped peple dig ut their cars. He 29 helping 24 peple during the strm. Befre leaving, he left a nte 30 fr breaking int the schl and explaining his 31 .
On December 29, the plice psted n their scial media asking fr help in seeking the her, a man wh assisted several peple 32 the blizzard. They wanted t thank him fr “his 33 actins that saved peple’s lives.”
Of curse, n 34 are expected t be made against Withey fr bursting in. “The selflessness that peple 35 is what western New Yrk is really prud f,” cncluded the Plice spkespersn.
21．A．trappedB．buriedC．ccupiedD．injured
22．A．std stillB．tk actinC．pulled inD．mved n
23．A．frtunateB．assistanceC．directinD．shelter
24．A．waitB．meetC．gatherD．chse
25．A．becauseB．thughC．butD．and
26．A．necessaryB．deliciusC．freshD．healthy
27．A．playedB．sufferedC．stayedD．hesitated
28．A．blewB．clearedC．burstD．raged
29．A．brught abutB．called ffC．carried utD．ended up
30．A．appreciatingB．excusingC．aplgizingD．applying
31．A．requestB．situatinC．changeD．plan
32．A．beyndB．ffC．thrughD．under
33．A．hericB．deliberateC．secretD．united
34．A．cmplaintsB．cmmentsC．awardsD．charges
35．A．cultivatedB．recgnizedC．exhibitedD．nticed
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jay Withey因为燃料不足，又遭遇了暴风雪，被困在纽约约奇克托瓦加，他及时采取行动寻找庇护，同时帮助了另外24个人。临走前，他还留下一张纸条，为闯入学校道歉，并解释了自己的处境。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：12月23日，纽约遭遇致命暴风雪，气温骤降，Jay Withey的卡车燃料不足，他被困在纽约奇克托瓦加。A. trapped被困；B. buried埋葬；C. ccupied占据；D. injured受伤。根据上文“Jay Withey's truck was running lw n fuel s”可知，因为暴风雪以及燃烧不足，被困了。故选A。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他没有等待救援，而是采取了行动:当他开始遇到更多被困在室外无处可去的人时，他决定通过打破一扇窗户来寻求庇护，让他们进去。A. std still站着不动；B. tk actin采取行动；C. pulled in吸入；D. mved n继续。根据后文“by breaking ne f the windws”可知，他开始采取行动。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有等待救援，而是采取了行动:当他开始遇到更多被困在室外无处可去的人时，他决定通过打破一扇窗户来寻求庇护，让他们进去。A. frtunate运气；B. assistance帮助；C. directin方向；D. shelter庇护。根据后文“by breaking ne f the windws”可知，他们打破窗户进入室内寻求庇护。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有等待救援，而是采取了行动:当他开始遇到更多被困在室外无处可去的人时，他决定通过打破一扇窗户来寻求庇护，让他们进去。A. wait等待；B. meet遇见；C. gather聚集；D. chse选择。根据后文“mre peple stuck utdrs with nwhere t g”指遇到更多被困在室外的人。故选B。
25．考查连词词义辨析。句意：学校的警铃响了，但是警察在暴风雪中无法到达学校。A. because因为；B. thugh虽然；C. but但是；D. and并且。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，故选C。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一进去，他打开厨房的门，只拿了必要的食物来给人们吃。A. necessary必要的；B. delicius美味的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“he pened the kitchen dr and grabbed just the”可知，闯入学校拿了必要的食物来吃。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这群人在室内呆了大约24小时，第二天早上离开了。A. played玩耍；B. suffered遭受；C. stayed停留；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“indrs fr abut 24 hurs and left the next mrning”指他们在室内呆了大约24小时。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当风暴散去时，威瑟在学校里找到了一台吹雪机，帮助人们挖出他们的汽车。A. blew吹；B. cleared清除；C. burst爆发；D. raged发怒。根据后文“Withey fund a snwblwer inside the schl and helped peple dig ut their cars.”可知，挖出了汽车，说明风暴停了。故选B。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他最终在暴风雪中帮助了24个人。A. brught abut引起；B. called ff取消；C. carried ut实施；D. ended up最终。根据后文“helping 24 peple during the strm”指他最终在暴风雪中帮助了24个人。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：临走前，他留下一张纸条，为闯入学校道歉，并解释了自己的处境。A. appreciating感激；B. excusing借口；C. aplgizing道歉；D. applying申请。根据后文“fr breaking int the schl”可知是为闯入学校而道歉。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：临走前，他留下一张纸条，为闯入学校道歉，并解释了自己的处境。A. request要求；B. situatin情况；C. change改变；D. plan计划。根据上文“explaining his”可知，纸条上解释了自己当时的处境。故选B。
32．考查介词词义辨析。句意：12月29日，警方在社交媒体上发帖，寻求帮助寻找这位英雄，他曾在暴风雪中帮助了几人。A. beynd超过；B. ff脱离；C. thrugh通过；D. under在下面。根据后文“the blizzard”指帮助人们度过暴风雪，故选C。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们想感谢他“拯救人们生命的英雄行为”。A. heric英雄的；B. deliberate故意的；C. secret秘密的；D. united团结的。根据后文“actins that saved peple's lives”指拯救人们生命的英雄行为。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，Withey不会因为闯入而受到指控。A. cmplaints投诉；B. cmments评论；C. awards奖励；D. charges控告。根据后文“against Withey fr bursting in”指控告Withey闯入学校的行为。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：警方发言人总结说：“那人表现出的无私精神是纽约西部真正引以为豪的。”A. cultivated培育；B. recgnized识别；C. exhibited展示；D. nticed注意到。根据上文“The selflessness that peple”可知，这里指表现出的无私精神。故选C。
（河南省TOP二十名校2023-2024学年高三调研试题）
Tday my friend accmpanied me t the bus statin. It just 21 that there was a bus at the statin waiting fr peple t get n. We 22 and crssed the rad. Befre I gt n the bus my friend had t take smething frm my bag, which tk a little bit f time. The cnductr was patient enugh t wait withut urging me t 23 as ther cnductrs usually d. I was 24 by him.
The bus mved ff and the cnductr began 25 the passengers. Mst f them were giving him big ntes. It was at the mrning rush hur. He had all the rights t 26 t the passengers abut the big mney ntes, but nt a wrd frm his muth came ut. He just 27 received the big ntes and tried t find 28 fr them. When he 29 me, I nticed he had a 30 with his feet, making him lk different. Mst disabled peple are always 31 and lk wrried. This ne really impressed me and left me with a smiley heart.
I was reminded by this 32 cnductr that cmplaining is nt a gd 33 , but a waste f energy. It just makes things wrse. It wuld be better t accept the 34 and t stay calm. That wuld 35 yu and peple arund.
21．A．shwedB．prvedC．happenedD．appeared
22．A．escapedB．hesitatedC．pausedD．waved
23．A．hurry upB．take ffC．cme backD．g arund
24．A．blamedB．amazedC．savedD．wakened
25．A．chargingB．callingC．fllwingD．visiting
26．A．turnB．cmplainC．respndD．listen
27．A．lazilyB．secretlyC．kindlyD．unwillingly
28．A．changeB．fdC．awardsD．excuses
29．A．cmfrtedB．answeredC．interruptedD．apprached
30．A．memryB．prblemC．jkeD．reply
31．A．prudB．creativeC．mdyD．hnest
32．A．sadB．flishC．calmD．new
33．A．supprtB．studyC．luckD．plicy
34．A．startB．factC．wishD．relief
35．A．benefitB．shckC．trainD．test
【答案】
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是作者遇到一位脚有残疾的售票员，他没有抱怨，而是接受现实，作者受到启发，觉得人最好还是接受现实，保持冷静，不要抱怨。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧车站有一辆公共汽车在等人们上车。A. shwed展示；B. prved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. appeared出现。根据下文“there was a bus at the statin waiting fr peple t get n”可知，一辆公共汽车在等人们上车，这是很巧的事情，因此句子表示“碰巧车站有一辆公共汽车在等人们上车”。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们挥了挥手，过了马路。A. escaped逃跑；B. hesitated犹豫；C. paused暂停；D. waved挥手。根据上文“Tday my friend accmpanied me t the bus statin”和下文“crssed the rad”可知，作者他们是挥手跟朋友告别，然后过马路，上公交车。故选D。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：售票员很有耐心地等着我，没有像其他售票员那样催促我快点。A. hurry up赶快；B. take ff起飞；C. cme back回来；D. g arund绕行。根据上文“my friend had t take smething frm my bag, which tk a little bit f time”和“The cnductr was patient enugh t wait withut urging me”可知，作者朋友要在作者包里拿东西，需要点时间，而售票员很有耐心，没有催作者赶快。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被他惊呆了。A. blamed责备；B. amazed使惊讶；C. saved救；D. wakened叫醒。根据上文“The cnductr was patient enugh t wait withut urging me t ____3____as ther cnductrs usually d”可知，售票员很有耐心，没有像其他售票员那样催作者，这让作者惊讶。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：公共汽车开走了，售票员开始向乘客收费。A. charging收费；B. calling打电话；C. fllwing跟随；D. visiting参观。根据下文“Mst f them were giving him big ntes”可知，售票员开始售票，也就是问乘客收费。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他完全有权利向乘客抱怨这些大额钞票，但他一句话也说不出来。A. turn转向；B. cmplain抱怨；C. respnd回答；D. listen听。根据下文“abut the big mney ntes”可知，人们给售票员给大额钞票，售票员需要一个个找钱，他完全有权抱怨，但是却没有。故选B。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他只是温和地收到了大额钞票，并试着找零钱。A. lazily懒地；B. secretly秘密地；C. kindly温和地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据上文“He had all the rights t ____6____ t the passengers abut the big mney ntes, but nt a wrd frm his muth came ut”可知，他完全可以抱怨，但是却没有，所以他只是温和地收了钞票。故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他只是好心地收到了大额钞票，并试着找零钱。A. change零钱；B. fd食物；C. awards奖项；D. excuses借口。根据上文“received the big ntes”可知，坐公交车不会要很多钱，所以人们给了大额钞票，售票员就要找零，空格处意为“零钱”。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他走近我时，我注意到他的脚有问题，这让他看起来与众不同。A. cmfrted安慰；B. answered回答；C. interrupted打断；D. apprached接近。根据下文“making him lk different”可知，售票员靠近作者了以后，作者才发现售票员脚有问题。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他走近我时，我注意到他的脚有问题，这让他看起来与众不同。A. memry记忆；B. prblem问题；C. jke玩笑；D. reply回答。根据下文“making him lk different”和“Mst disabled ne”可知，售票员是一个脚有问题的人。故选B。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数残疾人总是喜怒无常，看上去忧心忡忡。A. prud骄傲的；B. creative有创造力的；C. mdy喜怒无常的；D. hnest诚实的。根据下文“and lk wrried. This ne really impressed me and left me with a smiley heart”可知，此处表示“大多数残疾人总是喜怒无常，看上去忧心忡忡”。故选C。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位冷静的售票员提醒我，抱怨不是一种好策略，而是浪费精力。A. sad伤心的；B. flish愚蠢的；C. calm冷静的；D. new新的。根据上文“He had all the rights t ____6____ t the passengers abut the big mney ntes, but nt a wrd frm his muth came ut”可知，他不抱怨，所以是个很冷静的人。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位冷静的售票员提醒我，抱怨不是一种好策略，而是浪费精力。A. supprt支持；B. study学习；C. luck运气；D. plicy策略。根据上文“cmplaining is nt a gd”可知，此处表示“抱怨不是好的策略”。故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最好还是接受事实，保持冷静。A. start开始；B. fact事实；C. wish愿望；D. relief宽慰，轻松。根据下文“t stay calm”可知，此处表示要接受事实，保持冷静。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对你和周围的人都有好处。A. benefit对……有好处；B. shck使震惊；C. train训练；D. test测试。根据上文“It wuld be better t accept the ____14____ and t stay calm”和下文“yu and peple arund”可知，接受事实，保持冷静是最好的策略，既然是好策略，那肯定对周围的人有好处。故选A。
15.（福建省龙岩第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）
Vlunteering has been a way f life fr me fr the past five years since I was fifteen.
In 2020 I 21 with a newly funded scial enterprise, which 22 cking lessns fr visually impaired (视障) trainee chefs. I abslutely lved it as it invlved meaningful 23 with peple and I was fully 24 thrughut the entire time I was there. This was unlike sme ther types f vlunteering, which may invlve mstly behind-the-scenes wrk that can get 25 after a while.
We called urselves “sighted assistants” and each f us was 26 with a visually impaired trainee chef. As a vlunteer, I wuld walk with the trainee t the Enabling Village 27 , and then ensure their 28 as they learned t ck a new dish. This included helping them 29 the psitin f the sink, ensuring prper use f electrical appliances, 30 biling and ht bjects, as well as being careful with knives amng ther things.
Being there with them made me truly 31 hw difficult life can be when yu are 32 r cmpletely blind. Every tiny task 33 massive effrt. There are s many peple with 34 , I realised. While medicine still des nt have the pwer t cure all f these cnditins, we are never shrt f ways t empwer these individuals by making life 35 and mre meaningful fr them.
21．A．metB．cperatedC．startedD．vlunteered
22．A．learnedB．tkC．cnductedD．prepared
23．A．interactinB．appintmentC．greetingD．cnflict
24．A．cnfusedB．engagedC．surprisedD．disturbed
25．A．prmisingB．frighteningC．challengingD．bring
26．A．facedB．cmparedC．pairedD．equipped
27．A．lessnB．enterpriseC．rmD．kitchen
28．A．satisfactinB．safetyC．pleasureD．success
29．A．leave utB．miss utC．figure utD．pint ut
30．A．avidingB．tuchingC．apprachingD．feeling
31．A．appreciateB．imagineC．predictD．think
32．A．temprarilyB．partlyC．accidentallyD．riginally
33．A．simplifiesB．causesC．takesD．ffers
34．A．disabilitiesB．difficultiesC．determinatinD．pwer
35．A．luckierB．tugherC．happierD．easier
【答案】
21．D 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己一次帮助视力受损的实习厨师学习烹饪课程的经历，明白了残疾人的生活不易。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年，我在一家新成立的社会企业担任志愿者，该企业为视障厨师学员提供烹饪课程。A. met遇见；B. cperated合作；C. started开始；D. vlunteered自愿做，无偿做。根据“Vlunteering has been a way f life fr me fr the past five years since I was fifteen.”可知，作者从15岁起，志愿服务已经成为过去五年的生活方式，所以在一家新成立的社会企业无偿服务。故选D。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020年，我在一家新成立的社会企业担任志愿者，该企业为视力受损的实习厨师提供烹饪课程。A. learned学习；B. tk拿；取；C. cnducted安排；组织；D. prepared准备。which引导定语从句，指代a newly funded scial enterprise，社会企业为视障人士提供烹饪课程，此处cnduct cking lessns表示“提供烹饪课程”。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常喜欢这份工作，因为它涉及到与人有意义的互动，我在那里的整个时间都完全投入。A. interactin互动；B. appintment约定；C. greeting问候；D. cnflict冲突。根据“which 2 cking lessns fr visually impaired (视障) trainee chefs”可知，这份工作是帮助视障厨师学员学习烹饪课程，是人与人之间的互动。故选A。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常喜欢这份工作，因为它涉及到与人有意义的互动，我在那里的整个时间都完全投入。A. cnfused困惑的；B. engaged忙于……的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. disturbed心烦意乱的。根据“I abslutely lved it”可知，作者很喜欢这份工作，所以会全身心投入（忙于）其中。故选B。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这与其他类型的志愿工作不同，其他类型的志愿工作可能主要涉及幕后工作，一段时间后可能会变得无聊。A. prmising有希望的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. challenging具有挑战性的；D. bring令人厌倦的。根据前文“ I abslutely lved it”可知，作者很喜欢这份工作，这份工作与人活动，有意义。此处作者其他的志愿者工作和这份工作对比，作者认为之前的工作久而久之会令人厌倦。故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们称自己为“视力正常的助理”，每个人都配有一个视力受损的实习厨师。A. faced面对；B. cmpared对比；C. paired使成对；D. equipped配备。根据下文“As a vlunteer, I wuld walk with the trainee t the Enabling Village 7 , and then ensure their 8 as they learned t ck a new dish.”可知，作者的工作就是帮助视力受损的实习厨师，be paired with“与……配对”，此处指一对一帮助，符合语境。故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名志愿者，我会陪学员走到Enabling Village厨房，然后在他们学习烹饪新菜式时确保他们的安全。A. lessn课程；B. enterprise企业；C. rm房间；D. kitchen厨房。根据上文“cking lessns fr visually impaired (视障) trainee chefs”可知，学员要学习烹饪新菜式，故作者陪他们走到厨房。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名志愿者，我会陪学员走到Enabling Village厨房，然后在他们学习烹饪新菜式时确保他们的安全。A. satisfactin满意；B. safety安全；C. pleasure高兴；D. success成功。根据第二段第一句“In 2020 I 1 with a newly funded scial enterprise, which 2 cking lessns fr visually impaired (视障) trainee chefs.”可知，这些学员为视力受损的实习厨师，故作者要保证他们的安全。故选B。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这包括帮助他们弄清楚水槽的位置，确保正确使用电器，避免沸腾和热的物体，以及小心使用刀等物品。A. leave ut遗漏；B. miss ut错过；C. figure ut算出，弄明白；D. pint ut指出。根据下文“ensuring prper use f electrical appliances”和“as well as being careful with knives amng ther things”可知，作者的工作任务是确保视力受损的实习厨师的安全，所以是帮助他们弄清楚水槽的位置。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这包括帮助他们弄清楚水槽的位置，确保正确使用电器，避免沸腾和热的物体，以及小心使用刀等物品。A. aviding避免；B. tuching触摸；C. appraching靠近；D. feeling感觉。根据“as well as being careful with knives amng ther things.”可知，作者的工作任务是确保视力受损的实习厨师的安全，且空后的宾语是“沸腾和热的物体”，所以应为作者帮助他们避开沸腾和热的物体。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和他们在一起让我真正理解，当你部分失明或完全失明时，生活是多么艰难。A. appreciate理解，意识到；B. imagine想象；C. predict预测；D. think认为。根据下文“hw difficult life can be when yu are 12 r cmpletely blind”可知，“当你部分失明或完全失明时，生活是多么艰难”是作者明白的道理。故选A。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：和他们在一起让我真正理解，当你部分失明或完全失明时，生活是多么艰难。A. temprarily暂时地；B. partly部分地；C. accidentally偶然地；D. riginally起初。根据空后cmpletely可知，空处形成对照，应为partly，且本文讲的是“visually impaired (视障) trainee chefs”可知，他们并非全盲。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一件小事都需要付出巨大的努力。A. simplifies简化；B. causes引起；C. takes需要；D. ffers提供。根据常识可知，对于视力受损的实习厨师，每一件小事都需要付出巨大的努力。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，有很多人有残疾。A. disabilities残疾；B. difficulties困难；C. determinatin决心；D. pwer力量。衔接下句“While medicine still des nt have the pwer t cure all f these cnditins, we are never shrt f ways t empwer these individuals by making life 15 and mre meaningful fr them.”可知，作者通过这次志愿者经历明白了世界上有很多人有残疾，即使医学无法治愈，但是我们还是可以尽自己的力量让他们生活更容易。故选A。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然医学仍然没有能力治愈所有这些疾病，但我们从不缺少让这些人的生活更容易、更有意义的方法。A. luckier更幸运的；B. tugher更艰难的；C. happier更快乐的；D. easier更容易的。根据“While medicine still des nt have the pwer t cure all f these cnditins”可在，前后是对比关系，虽然医学没办法治愈这些疾病，减少疾病带来的困难，但是我们可以有很多帮助让他们的生活更容易些。故选D。