高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration精练

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration精练，共13页。试卷主要包含了desire n.渴望；欲望等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．Curage is the light f adversity.
勇气是处于逆境时的光芒。
2．Heres give curage t mrtals, and curage makes them heres.
英雄给予凡人勇气，勇气使凡人成为英雄。
3．A large number f peple can be lst in the wrld because they lack a little curage.
很多人会在尘世间迷茫，只因缺少一点儿勇气。
4．If yu dn't even have the curage t face the lss, then yu dn't deserve anything.
如果，你连面对失去的勇气都没有，那么，你不配得到什么。
5．If yu have the curage t start, yu will have the pride f success.
如果你具备了开始的勇气，就有了成功的豪情。
6．A man's curage can bear all the burdens; his patience can bear mst f the pain.
人的勇气能承担一切重负；人的耐心能忍受大部分痛苦。
I Lk Up At The Starry Sky
I lk up at the starry sky
Which is s deep and vast.
The never­ending truth
Makes me struggle t fllw and quest it.
I lk up at the starry sky
Which is s slemn(庄严的), hly and pure.
The severe and awe­inspiring justice
Makes me filled with deep lve and in awe f it.
I lk up at the starry sky
Which is s free and serene(平静的)．
The brad bsm
Prvides the place where my sul rests and nestles t.
I lk up at the starry sky
Which is s marvelus and glrius.
The eternal(不朽的) blaze
Kindles the flame f hpe in my heart
Which resunds with spring thunder.
The ddness f life in space never quite ges away. Here are sme examples.
First cnsider smething as simple as sleep. Its psitin presents its wn challenges. The main questin is whether yu want yur arms inside r utside the sleeping bag.If yu leave yur arms ut，they flat free in zer gravity, ften giving a sleeping astrnaut the lk f a funny ballet(芭蕾)dancer. “I'm an inside guy，”Mike Hpkins says，wh returned frm a six­mnth tur n the Internatinal Space Statin.“I like t be wrapped up.”
On the statin, the rdinary becmes strange.The exercise bike fr the American astrnauts has n handlebars. It als has n seat. With n gravity，it's just as easy t pedal vilently. Yu can watch a mvie while yu pedal by flating a micrcmputer anywhere yu want. But statin residents have t be careful abut staying in ne place t lng.Withut gravity t help circulate air, the carbn dixide yu exhale(呼气)has a tendency t frm an invisible(隐形的) clud arund yur head.Yu can end up with what astrnauts call a carbn­dixide headache.
Lery Chia, 54, an American retired astrnaut after fur flights, describes what happens even befre yu flat ut f yur seat. “Yur inner ear thinks yu're falling.Meanwhile yur eyes are telling yu yu're standing straight. That can be annying—that's why sme peple feel sick.”Within a cuple f days—truly terrible days fr sme astrnauts' brains learn t ignre the panicky signals frm the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.
[探索发现]
1．The majr challenge t astrnauts when they sleep in space is deciding n a prper sleep psitin．
2．The astrnauts will suffer frm a carbn­dixide headache when they exercise in ne place fr a lng time．
3．Sme astrnauts feel sick n the statin during the first few days because their brains receive cntradictry messages.
Sectin Ⅰ Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking——Cmprehending
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思
( )1.astrnaut A．n.码头；船坞
vt.&vi.(两架航天器)对接；(使)……进港
( )2.prcedureB．n.宇航员；太空人
( )3.rcketC．n.程序；步骤；手续
( )4.vehicleD．n.玉；翡翠；玉器
( )5.satelliteE．n.太空行走；太空行走的时间
( )6.mankindF．n.航天器；宇宙飞船
( )7.spacecraftG．n.火箭；火箭弹
( )8.spacewalkH．n.人造卫星；卫星
( )9.jadeI．n.交通工具；车辆
( )10.dckJ．n.人类
[答案] 1－5 BCGIH 6－10 JFEDA
b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思
( )11.be determined t d sth.A．继续做，坚持干
( )12.find utB．在宇宙飞船上；在船上；
在飞机上
( )13.fcus nC．抱着……的希望
( )14.fr exampleD．查明；找出
( )15.believe inE．下决心做某事
( )16.carry nF．关注……，集中做……
( )17.n bardG．例如
( )18.in the hpe f ding sth.H．相信，信仰
( )19.s as t I．为了；以便
[答案] 11－15 EDFGH 16－19 ABCI
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．mental adj. 精神的；思想的
2．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
3．universe n.宇宙；天地万物
4．determine vt.查明；确定；决定
5．launch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市
6．transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送
7．disappinted adj.失望的；沮丧的
8．desire n.渴望；欲望
vt.渴望；期望
9．independent adj.独立的；自立的
10．signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号
n.信号；标志
Ⅰ.语境填空
astrnaut；prcedure；gravity；launch；rbit；giant；leap；mankind；agency；data
1．He was writing the selectin prcedure when I paid a visit t him this mrning.
2．Yang Liwei was the first astrnaut in China wh successfully rbited Earth.
3．The space craft can fly int the space nly when it can escape Earth's gravity．
4．Afterwards，Tiangng 2 space lab was launched int space.
5．Mankind believes in the imprtance f carrying n space explratin despite the huge risks.
6．When travelling，we leapt(leap) ver the stream.
7．Recently，America's NASA space agency has launched anther space craft t research the prblem.
8．The accident shuld nt happen accrding t my data．
9．The big stnes ver there lked like giant mnsters at night.
10．They changed their rbit while flying in space.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．It must be the first duty f us t perfrm physical and mental(mentally) wrk.
2．She slved the prblem in an intelligent(intelligence) way.
3．If yu d，yu'll have the frce f the universe(universal) behind yu.
4．He has been determined(determine) t learn English well.
5．T his great disappintment(disappint)，he failed again in the driving test.
6．As a teacher，I want my students t be independent (independently) learners.
7．I have t find a way t transmit(transmit) the bjects.
8．Whether yu are married r single，we all want t feel desired(desire)．
9．It is universally(universe) acknwledged that the earth ges arund the sun.
10．He leapt/leaped(leap) n me withut a wrd.
1．Over eight years later，n 20 July 1969，American astrnaut Neil Armstrng stepped nt the mn，...
八年之后，也就是在1969年7月20日，美国宇航员，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球……
saying“That's ne small step fr [a] man，ne giant leap fr mankind”．
一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步”。
3．Fllwing this，many mre gals were achieved.
随之而来的是，许多目标都实现了。
词语助读
①frntier n．边境；国界；边远地区
②vehicle n．交通工具；车辆
③universe n．宇宙；天地万物
④determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的
⑤rcket n．火箭；火箭弹
⑥gravity n．重力；引力
⑦satellite n．人造卫星；卫星
⑧launch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市
⑨rbit n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
⑩giant adj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人
⑪leap n．跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt，leapt/leaped，leaped)vi.&vt.跳过；跃过
⑫mankind n．人类
⑬agency n．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处
⑭transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送
⑮data n．资料；数据
⑯astrnaut n．宇航员；太空人
⑰disappinted adj.失望的；沮丧的
⑱desire n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望
⑲carry n继续做；坚持干
⑳nging adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的
eq \(○,\s\up2(21))n bard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
eq \(○,\s\up2(22))independently adv.独立地；自立地
eq \(○,\s\up2(23))spacecraft n．航天器；宇宙飞船
eq \(○,\s\up2(24))spacewalk n．太空行走；太空行走的时间
eq \(○,\s\up2(25))jade n．玉；翡翠；玉器
eq \(○,\s\up2(26))dck vi.&vt.(两架航天器)对接；(使)……进港n.码头；船坞
eq \(○,\s\up2(27))signal vt.&vi. 标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志
[1]Lking up at the stars是现在分词作状语
[2]本句中的that引导定语从句，修饰先行词planets
[3]succeed in ding sth.成功做某事，另外本句中的that引导定语从句，修饰rckets
[4]the first g int space当名词被序数词或最高级修饰时，常用不定式作定语
[5]Fllwing...是分词作状语
[6]Althugh引导让步状语从句
[7]在made everyne sad and disappinted中sad and disappinted作宾语补足语
[8]but引导并列句
[9]This is because...，because引导表语从句
[10]prviding...分词短语作状语
[11]than引导比较级
[12]when引导非限制性定语从句
[13]fllwed...分词作状语
[14]nt als连接两个并列成分，意为“不但……而且”
课本原文
SPACE：THE FINAL FRONTIER①
“Are we alne? What's ut there？”[1]Lking up at the stars，peple have always wanted t learn mre abut space，and scientists wrk hard t find answers.They make vehicles② t carry brave peple int space t find ut the secrets f the universe③.They als really wish t discver ther planets [2]that are suitable enugh t supprt life.
Befre the mid­20th century，mst peple felt travelling int space was an impssible dream.Hwever，sme scientists were determined④ t help humans realise their dream t explre space.After many experiments，they [3]succeeded in making rckets⑤ that culd escape Earth's gravity⑥.On 4 Octber 1957，the Sputnik 1 satellite⑦ was launched⑧ by the USSR and successfully rbited⑨ arund Earth.Afterwards，the USSR fcused n sending peple int space，and n 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became [4]the first persn in the wrld t g int space.Over eight years later，n 20 July 1969，American astrnaut Neil Armstrng stepped nt the mn，famusly saying，“That's ne small step fr [a] man，ne giantB10 leap⑪ fr mankind⑫.” [5]Fllwing this，many mre gals were achieved.Fr example，America's NASA space agency⑬ launched Vyager 1 n 5 September 1977 t study deep space，and it still transmits⑭ data⑮ tday.
[6]Althugh scientists try t make sure nthing ges wrng，accidents can still happen.All the astrnauts⑯ n the USSR's Syuz 11 and America's Challenger died during their missins.These disasters [7]made everyne sad and disappinted⑰，[8]but the desire⑱ t explre the universe never died.[9]This is because peple believe in the imprtance f carrying n⑲ space explratin despite the huge risks.An example f this nging⑳ wrk is the Internatinal Space Statin.It rbits Earth and has astrnauts frm different cuntries n bardB21，[10]prviding a cntinuus human presence in space.
China's space prgramme started late [11]than thse f Russia and the US，but it has made great prgress in a shrt time.China became the third cuntry in the wrld t independentlyB22 send humans int space in 2003，[12]when Yang Liwei successfully rbited Earth in the Shenzhu 5 spacecraftB23.Then Shenzhu 6 and 7 cmpleted a secnd manned rbit and the first Chinese spacewalkB24，[13]fllwed by the vehicle JadeB25 Rabbit being sent t the mn t study its surface.After that，China launched the Tiangng 2 space lab int space and Tianzhu 1 t dckB26 with it.This signalledB27 ne step further in China's plan t establish a space statin in the future.Mre recently，China has sent Chang'e 4 t explre the surface f the far side f the mn t make measurements and bservatins.
The future f space explratin remains bright.Eurpe，the US，and China all have plans t further study and explre planets like Mars and Jupiter.Despite the difficulties，scientists hpe future discveries will [14]nt nly enable us t understand hw the universe began，but als help us survive well int the future.
译文参考
太空：最后的边境
仰望星空，(人们)不禁要问：“我们是孤独的吗？那里是什么？”，人们一直想更多地了解太空，而且科学家在努力工作寻求答案，为了查明宇宙的秘密他们制做了交通工具把那些勇敢的人带到太空。他们也真地希望能发现其他适合生命生存的行星。
在二十世纪中期以后，绝大多数人认为太空旅行是不可能的。然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。经过多次实验之后，他们成功地造出了能够逃脱地球引力的火箭。在1957年10月4日，苏联成功发射了Sputnik 1号卫星，且卫星成功地绕地球运转。后来苏联专注于研究送人类进入太空(这个问题)并且在1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。八年之后，也就是在1969年7月20日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球，说了一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”随之而来的是，许多目标都实现了。例如，为了研究外层空间，美国航空航天局在1977年9月5日发射了航行者1号，时至今日它仍然能传送一些数据。
虽然科学家竭力确保不出任何错误，但事故仍然可能发生。在执行任务期间，在苏联的联盟者11号和美国的挑战者(飞船上)的所有宇航员全部遇难。这些灾难让每个人感到悲伤和失望，但是(人们)探索宇宙的渴望从未泯灭。这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。这种继续努力的一个例子就是国际太空站。它绕地球运行，允许来自不同国家的宇航员搭乘，让人类持续不断地出现在太空中。
中国的太空计划开始的比俄国和美国都晚。但是在短时间内取得了很大进步，在2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独自把人类送入太空的国家，当时杨利伟在神舟五号宇宙飞船里成功地绕地球运行。此后神舟六号和七号分别完成了第二次载人飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行走，紧接着月球探测车玉兔也被发射到月球去研究其表面。之后中国把天宫二号太空实验室送入太空，并且与天舟一号实现对接。这标志着中国未来建立空间站的计划又前进了一步。最近，为了做好测量和观测，中国已经发射了嫦娥四号去探测月球离我们较远的那一边的表面。
宇航探索的未来充满光明，欧洲、美国和中国都有计划要进一步研究和探索像火星和木星这样的行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源，而且还帮助我们更好地进入未来。
速读课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.单项选择
阅读P40－41课文内容，选择最佳选项
1．What des the scientist d t find ut the secrets f the universe?
A．Lk up at the stars.
B．Make vehicles t carry peple int space.
C．Want t learn mre abut space.
2． was launched n 4 Octber 1957.
A．The Sputnik 1B．The Vyager 1
C．The Challenger 1
3．In 2003 Yang Liwei successfully rbited Earth in ．
A．Shenzhu 6B．Shenzhu 7
C．Shenzhu 5
4．Tiangng 2 space lab was launched int space t dck with ．
A．Tianzhu 1B．Chang'e 4
C．Shenzhu 5
[答案] 1－4 BACA
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息
A.t lk up at the stars B．t learn mre abut space C．t find ut the secrets f the universe D．t understand the rigin f universe E．t rbit Earth independently
1．The scientists make vehicles t carry peple int space ．
2．The scientists hpe future discveries will enable us ．
3．Nw many scientists wrk hard ．
4．Scientists wish and further study and explre the space.
5．The Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR n 4 Octber 1957.
[答案] 1－5 CDBAE
Ⅲ.表格填空
细读课文完成下列任务
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Para.1 A．China has made great prgress in explring space.
2．Para.2B．The future f space explratin remains bright.
3．Para.3C．The achievements that the USSR and America made.
4．Para.4D．Peple have always wanted t explre space.
5．Para.5E．The desire f peple t explre the universe never died.
[答案] 1－5 DCEAB
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．The main idea f the passage is ．
A．the space explratin f mankind
B．the great achievements the USA has made
C．Yuri Gagarin's travel t space
D．Accidents that happened in space
2．Which f the fllw statements is true accrding t Para.2?
A．Travelling int space was an impssible dream in the mid­20th century.
B．The USSR was the first cuntry t launch satellite int space.
C．Gagarin was the first man t step nt the mn.
D．America launched Vyager 1 t rbit the Earth.
3．What is the functin f the Internatinal Space Statin?
A．Telling us the huge risks f space explratin.
B．Having astrnauts frm different cuntries n bard.
C．Letting us believe in the imprtance f carrying n space explratin.
D．Welcming the brave peple t pay a visit t it.
4．We can infer frm Para.4 ．
A．Yang Liwei rbited Earth in Shenzhu 5 spacecraft
B．Tiangng 2 space lab dcked with Tianzhu 1 successfully in space
C．the main aim f Chang'e 4 is t make measurements
D．China has made great achievements in explring space
[答案] 1－4 ABBD
Ⅲ.读后续写/概要写作微技能
概要写作微技能(一)——归纳主旨大意(含段落大意)
1．概要写作的第一步便是阅读短文并抓取主题，进而提取主旨大意，即提取有关该主题的主要内容或作者在该主题上的观点或主张。归纳主旨大意，是为了整体上把握语篇要义，有利于区分主次、剔除细节信息。
2．确定段落主旨句时，要兼顾语篇大背景，即在全文主旨大意的统领下归纳段落主旨，将段落主旨纳入语篇主旨的架构中。不是所有的段落都有现成的段落主旨句，有的段落主旨句需要考生根据段落内容予以归纳和概括。
阅读语篇时，根据不同的文体可采取以下方法归纳主旨大意：
time
events
On 4 Octber 1957
the Sputnik 1 satellite was 1.launched by the USSR and successfully 2.rbited arund Earth.
On 12 April 1961
Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld 3.t g(g) int space.
On 20 July 4.1969
Armstrng stepped nt the mn，saying，“That's ne small step fr a man，ne giant 5.leap fr mankind.”
On 5 September 1977
America launched Vyager 1 t study 6.deep space，and it still 7.transmits data tday.
In 8.2003
China became the third cuntry in the wrld t 9.independently send humans int space and Yang Liwei successfully rbited Earth in the Shenzhu 5 spacecraft.
记叙文
圈出记叙文的六要素(wh，when，where，what，hw，why)；如果是夹叙夹议文，还要写出故事给读者带来的启示或寓意。
说明文
找出文章要说明的对象、观点或建议。
议论文
提取议论文的三要素(论点、论据、结论)。