人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 5 The Value of Money课时训练

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 5 The Value of Money课时训练，共10页。试卷主要包含了复习情态动词，过去将来时等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、复习情态动词
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。初中阶段大家已经学习了一些情态动词，这里将对情态动词的特征、功能和用法进行总结。
[观察例句]
1．Oliver believes that with a millin­pund bank nte a man culd live a mnth in Lndn.
2．Yung man，wuld yu step inside a mment，please?
3．May we ask what yu're ding in this cuntry and what yur plans are?
4．I can't say that I have any plans.
5．Anyway，I didn't dare t try again.
6．Yu mustn't wrry abut that.
7．If yu'll excuse me，I ught t be n my way.
[归纳用法]
1．情态动词的基本特征
(1)在形式上，情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化，只有culd，wuld，had t，might等几个过去式，其他情态动词如must、ught t等的过去式皆与现在式同形。
(2)在意义上，大多数情态动词有多个意义，如can可以表达“能力；可能；许可”等。
(3)在用法上，情态动词与助动词一样，需后接动词原形，构成谓语动词。
2．情态动词的否定式及缩略形式
3.情态动词的主要表意功能
4.情态动词难点透视
英语中的情态动词虽然为数不多，但是要掌握好它们的用法并不容易。下面结合同学们在使用情态动词时不易掌握的难点谈几点看法。
(1)①can表示可能性时，指的是理论上的可能，它通常不用来表示某事实际发生的可能性或真实性。如：
Accidents can happen.Anybdy can make mistakes.
如果我们要表达某事发生的实际可能性，要用may，culd或might等。
We may spend ur summer hlidays in Hangzhu this year.
Will yu answer the telephne？It culd/may/might be yur mther.
②culd用来征求意见时，语气要比can委婉，但在回答问题时我们不能用culd，因为语气委婉，可能性就变小了。如：
—Culd I use yur telephne?
—Yes，please g ahead.
③在过去时态的肯定句中需要某种条件或努力做成某事，我们要用was/were able t而不能用culd。如：
It was a hliday and the children were able t g t the seaside.
The girl wrked hard s she was able t pass the final test.
(2)must与have t都可以表示“必须”的意思，但要注意以下两点区别。
①must只有现在时，而have t有现在时、过去时和将来时。如：
We must wrk hard，r we'll fail in the examinatin.Years ag，the pr girl had t leave schl fr lack f mney.
②must表示主观看法，have t则侧重于客观需要。如：
We must be strict with urselves in everything.In cities with many cars，sme peple have t wear masks.
(3)must表示推测时，其反意疑问句有好几种形式。①“must＋动词原形”对目前的情况进行推测时以及用must＋be＋v.­ing形式对目前正在发生的情况进行推测时，疑问短语部分要与must之后的动词相一致。如：
The mathematics teacher must be in the ffice nw，isn't he?
②“must＋have＋过去分词”用来表示对已经发生的事情进行推论。如果句子中有过去的时间状语，疑问部分用助动词didn't；否则，疑问部分用haven't或hasn't。如：
The children must have watered the tmates yesterday，didn't they?
The minister must have arrived in Shanghai，hasn't he?
(4)shall可以用来征求对方意见，用于第一、三人称。此外它也可以用来表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，这时它用于第二、三人称。如：
Shall she g t the cncert with us this evening？(征求意见)
Yu shall g t the frnt at nce.(命令)
Dn't wrry.Yu shall get the answer this very afternn.(允诺)
He shall be srry ne day.I tell yu.(警告)
Nthing shall stp us frm fighting against pllutin.(决心)
(5)在表示将来的时间、条件状语从句中，不能用will(这时的will不是情态动词，而是助动词，帮助构成将来时)。如：
If it will rain tmrrw，we shall nt g t the muntain village.(误)
If it rains tmrrw，we shall nt g t the muntain village.(正)
当情态动词will表示意愿或决心时，是可以用于条件状语从句的。如：
If yu will listen t me，I'll give yu sme advice n hw t learn English.
If yu will cme this way，the manager will meet yu.
(6)shuld除表示必要或义务外，还可表示推测或可能。如：
The American friends shuld be here nw.
“shuld/ught t＋have＋过去分词”既可表示本该做而事实上没有做的事，也可以表示惊讶、责备、赞叹等情绪。如：
Yu shuld have tld her abut it the day befre yesterday.
It's wnderful that yu shuld have achieved s much in these years.
“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”是很重要的一种句型，除shuld外，may，might，must，culdn't，needn't，ught t等都可以用于这一句型，但要注意使用不同的情态动词句子的意思就有所不同。
(7)ught t与shuld意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是shuld谈的是自己的主观看法，ught t则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如：
We shuld/ught t help each ther and learn frm each ther in ur wrk.
She is yur mther，s yu ught t supprt her.
We ught t g and see Mary tmrrw，but I dn't think we will.
(8)need用作情态动词，仅用于否定句和疑问句，而不用于肯定句。在肯定句中要用must，have t，shuld，ught t或将need当作行为动词使用。如：
We need reprt the matter t the bss immediately.(误)
We must reprt the matter t the bss immediately.(正)
We need t reprt the matter t the bss immediately.(正)
(9)dare与need的用法
①dare作为情态动词，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用于肯定句。
a．Hw dare yu say I'm unfair?
b．He daren't speak English befre such a crwd，dare he?
c．If he dare break the rule，he will be punished.
②need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词用时，仅用于否定句或疑问句、条件从句中。意为“有……必要”。在肯定句中一般用must，have t，ught t或shuld代替。
a．Yu needn't cme s early.
b．—Need I finish the wrk tday?
—Yes，yu must./N，yu needn't.
c．If yu need g there，please let me knw.
③dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化。所不同的是，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带t的不定式；在否定和疑问句中，dare后可接带t或不带t的不定式。
a．I dare t swim acrss the river.
b．He desn't dare(t)answer.
c．We need time and mney.
d．The dining rm needs/wants/requires cleaning every day.
＝The dining rm needs/wants/requires t be cleaned every day.
e．Des he need t take the medicine three times a day?
(10)需要注意的几点：
①表示猜测，can一般不用于肯定句中，除非是“经验之谈”。这时can可以表示客观的可能性，并不牵涉具体的事情是否会发生；要表示某事发生的可能性时需要用culd，may，might。
Children can ften get ill suddenly.
Certain things in the hme can be dangerus，especially if yu have yung children.
上面两句可以看作医务工作者或抚养过孩子的人说的话，属“经验之谈”。
②may和might表可能性的推测时都不用于疑问句中。如：
Can/Culd it be cludy tmrrw？(正)
May/Might it be cludy tmrrw？(误)
③must表肯定推测时的否定式是can't/culdn't，不是needn't或mustn't。
④shuld/ught t＋动词原形：想必现在/将来会……The dinner shuld/ught t be ready nw.
He shuld/ught t ring up this afternn.
⑤will＋动词原形：将来一定/准会……
Try yur best，and yur wish will cme true.
[即学即练] 完成句子
1．我们必须努力学习，否则就不会通过考试。
We must wrk hard，r we'll fail in the examinatin.
2．这个女孩非常用功，所以她通过了最终的考试。
The girl wrked hard s she was able t pass the final examinatin.
3．你怎么能捉弄我呢？
Hw can yu play a trick n me?
4．——我们今天必须把这些玩具分类完毕吗？
——不，你们不必。
—Must we srt these tys tday?
—N，yu needn't/dn't have t．
5．我们应当尊重我们的老师和父母。
We shuld respect ur teachers and parents.
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空
1．—Can't yu stay a little lnger?
—It's getting late.I really must g nw.My daughter is at hme alne.
2．—Shall I infrm him f the change f the schedule right nw?
—I am afraid yu must，in case he cmes late fr the meeting.
3．He culdn't sleep，althugh he tried t，when he gt n such a hunt fr an idea until he had caught it.
4．Yu mustn't park here！It's an emergency exit.
5．Dctrs say that exercise is imprtant fr health，but it must be regular exercise.
6．The plice still haven't fund the lst child，but they're ding all they can．
7．—Why are yur eyes s red？Yu can't have slept well last night.
—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a reprt.
8．Accrding t the newly­made traffic regulatin，whever drives thrugh red lights shall be fined at least 200 dllars.
9．Gerge can't have gne t far.His cffee is still warm.
10．Yu must be Carl.Yu haven't changed a bit after all these years.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
A lng time ag，there was a wman，1.wh had tw children.One was called Tm，and the ther was named Jhn.One day the wman was very puzzled(疑惑的)．She had sme cakes in the kitchen but every night ne f her children 2.wuld eat them.She thught it 3.might be Tm because he was very tall 4.while Jhn was very shrt.But she wasn't sure.The wman had an idea.She put the cakes n a high shelf.The next day，smene 5.ate(eat) sme f the cakes.“Ah！”said the wman.“It 6.can't be Jhn.He's t shrt！It 7.must be Tm！”She was very angry with Tm，8.thinking(think)，“He 9.shall be punished fr what he had dne！”Pr Tm.In fact，he hadn't eaten the cakes.It was Jhn.Hw？Can yu guess？Yes，he 10.must have used a chair!
二、过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去某一时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用在主句谓语动词为过去时态的宾语从句中。过去将来时句子中有时包含时间状语the next day，sn等。
[观察例句]
1．I was abut t get the letter.
2．They said the letter inside wuld explain what it was all abut.
3．The directr said he wuld meet the famus actr the next day.
4．They were ging t find smene t take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking n the street utside.
[归纳用法]
1．过去将来时的基本构成和用法
过去将来时由“wuld＋动词原形”构成，主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作(尤其用于宾语从句中)，还可以表示过去的动作习惯或倾向。
Jeff knew he wuld be tired the next day.
He prmised that he wuld nt pen the letter until 2 'clck.
She said that she wuldn't d that again.
2．表示过去将来时的其他表达法
(1)was/were ging t＋动词原形：该结构有两个主要用法，一是表示过去的打算，二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。
I thught it was ging t rain.
(2)was/were t＋动词原形：主要表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情。
She said she was t get married next mnth.
(3)was/were abut t＋动词原形：表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作，由于本身已含有“即将”的意味，所以不再与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。
I was abut t g t bed when the phne rang.
(4)was/were＋现在分词：表示在过去看来即将发生的动作，通常可用于该结构中的动词是cme，g，leave，arrive，begin，start，stp，clse，pen，die，jin，brrw，buy等瞬间动词。
Jack said he was leaving tmrrw.
[即学即练] 完成句子
1．莉莉说晚上将有一场音乐会。
Lily said there wuld be a cncert that evening.
2．她确信她会成功。
She was sure she wuld succeed．
3．我想知道我们什么时候出发。
I wanted t knw when we were ging t set ff．
4．他说运动会就要开始了。
He said the sprt meet was abut t begin．
5．他说他今晚要走。
He said he was leaving tnight.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．When he was yung，he wuld sit in frnt f the TV set fr hurs every day.
2．I was sure that they wuld nt d that again.
3．Whenever she had time，she wuld cme t see us.
4．He said that he was leaving (leave) at six the next day.
5．N bdy knew why he was ging (g) t the big city.
6．He hped his wife was cming(cme) sn.
7．He was abut t leave (leave) when smene kncked at the dr f his ffice.
8．He said he was ging t learn(learn) French next week.
9．I nticed that it was ging t rain(rain) when I lked at the sky.
10．He said he wuld be ninety years ld in tw years.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
The tw gentlemen had been having a heated argument fr a cuple f days，and had decided t make a bet which 1.wuld settle their argument.They 2.were ging t find(find) smene t take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking n the street utside.They invited him int their huse，3.where Henry tld them he had landed in Britain 4.by accident.Althugh he had gne t the American cnsulate 5.t seek help，he had nt received any.Henry hped that the brthers 6.wuld ffer him sme jbs because he had n mney.Henry gt upset with the brthers 7.when they seemed t happy abut his bad luck.They quickly tld him nt t feel that way and they gave him an envelpe with mney in it.They said the letter inside 8.wuld explain what it was all abut，but he had t pstpne 9.pening(pen) it until 2 'clck.Henry felt that was dd.The stry ended with Henry leaving their huse and prmising that he 10.wuld nt(nt) pen the letter until 2 'clck.
情态动词
否定式
缩略形式
情态动词
否定式
缩略形式
can
cannt/
can nt
can't
shall
shall nt
shan't
culd
culd nt
culdn't
suld
shuld nt
shuldn't
may
may nt
/
will
will nt
wn't
might
might
nt
mightn't
wuld
wuld nt
wuldn't
must
must nt
mustn't
need
need nt
needn't
dare
dare nt
daren't
ught t
ught
nt t
ughtn't t
用法
例句
表示能力
The little by can read and write.
I culd feel the grund shaking.
表示可能和推测
Thse f yu wh are familiar with the game will knw this.
They made a bet which wuld settle their argument.
Oh，yu must be Sylvia's husband.
It may seem lucky t yu but nt t me.
That might nt be true.
There ught t be enugh space fr all f us.
表示许可或禁止
Yu can g ff duty nw.
Yu can't pen it until tw 'clck.
Yu may nt smke here.
Yu shuldn't take her help fr granted.
Yu mustn't d that.
表示发出指示或提出请求
Will yu please take her t the library?
Culd yu ffer me wrk here?
Can I ask a questin?
May we ask what yu're ding in this cuntry？
表示提出帮助或发出邀请
Will yu stay fr lunch?
Wuldn't yu like t cme with me?
May I help yu?
Shall I put it in a bx？
表示提出建议
Yu culd ask the teacher fr help.
Yu shuld write him a letter.
The ckies Susan made are delicius，yu ught t try sme.
表示愿望
Wuld yu recmmend the play t ther peple?
I wuld like t knw the date.
I'd lve t g t yur birthday party.
I'd rather nt pay yu nw.
表示义务和需要
Yu must cme at nce.
We have t wear unifrms at schl.
I ught t be n my way.