高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land课时练习

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第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Venice, a small waterside city in nrtheast Italy, bils with happiness and excitement nce every year. Between February 21 and March 4, carnival (狂欢节) hits the streets.
Fr mst peple carnival means large parties and feasting. But in Venice, it als means traditinal masks and cstumes.
These cstumes were riginally meant t hide persnal identities. Then, different scial classes culd mix in a sea f happiness. Alng the waterway, peple greeted each ther with “Gd mrning, Mrs. Mask！”
Tday, peple in Venice still dress up in the strangest ways — as armed sldiers, butchers and fishermen, fr example.
Bars and cafes are filled with party­gers wh cme t shw ff their fancy cstumes. Their designs and creatins are made by special studis. Ready­made cstumes are nt acceptable.
“In the mnths befre the carnival we wrk vertime t meet the demand，” said a mask­maker. “Many kilmeters f silk and lace are made int cstumes. Fr shpkeepers, carnival is the best time f year.”
The Venice carnival dates back t the Middle Ages. At that time, the city was ne f the wealthiest in Eurpe.
The traditin f celebrating with masks and cstumes is thught t have been started by the “Stcking Cmpanies”. These were grups f yung men wh rganized parties and festivals and wre clrful stckings t distinguish_themselves.
By the 18th century，the carnival had reached its peak. It all came t an end when Naplen cnquered (征服) Venice in 1797.But in 1979, lcal peple brught the ld traditin back t life.
Nw the Venice carnival attracts huge crwds frm all ver the wrld. This year, abut 700,000 peple are taking part in. Htels were fully bked mnths in advance, bars and restaurants verflw every day.
The city certainly benefits — a whle industry has been built up arund the carnival's masks and cstumes. “The Venice carnival is a magical time! It's such a great experience，” said ne French turist.
1．During the carnival ________.
A．students f all ages als jin in the activities
B．peple want t be dressed in the mst beautiful clthes
C．peple in the cstumes and masks want t make thers think they are rich
D．peple dressed in the strangest ways dn't want t be recgnized
2．That peple at the carnival were greeted “Mrs. Mask！” shws that ________.
A．all the peple at the carnival were wmen at ne time
B．all the peple at the carnival wre masks
C．peple weren't able t tell men frm wmen at the carnival
D．peple at the carnival dn't knw each ther
3．What des the underlined expressin “distinguish themselves” mst pssibly mean?
A．T make themselves up.
B．T make themselves different.
C．T warm themselves up.
D．T recgnize themselves.
B
I am prud t be a member f tw cultures. Even thugh I am nly ten years ld, I have lived in tw cuntries and in tw cultures. I have lived in bth Mexic and the United States.
I was brn in the state f Michacán. I was brn in a small twn called Quince. Life there was simple and peaceful. There was a small market where we wuld g n Sundays. There was a crral where we wuld g and watch rdes. After schl, my friends and I wuld g fr a swim in a creek. My mm did nt wrk; she stayed at hme taking care f ur family. Life in Quince was nice, but mney was smetimes nt enugh t supprt us.
In 1996, the day came when my dad decided t bring us t the United States. Leaving my twn was hard, but it was imprtant that my family stay tgether. When I left Mexic, I had a lt f special friends and nice teachers.
When I first came t the United States, I started at a new schl in Chicag. I fund care and cmpany at the schl, amng Hispanic peple, my friends, and my teacher. She helped me all the time.
My educatin nw is different frm the ne in Mexic. Here, I am studying in tw languages. I feel very happy because I am able t cmmunicate in tw languages. In my case, speaking Spanish is an indicatin f my Mexican heritage. Speaking English is a symbl f my triumph and the struggles that I have as an immigrant in this cuntry. Nw that I have been here three years, I am prud t ffer my help and supprt t peple wh need it.
I urge thse wh cme frm Mexic and ther cuntries t learn English and t cntinue speaking their native language, t. It will help them reach ut t thers.
4．What des the writer think f Mexic?
A．She desn’t like it because it’s pr.
B．She was t yung t remember it.
C．She lves the cuntry and is prud f it.
D．She wants t get rid f it s she left.
5．Why did the family mve t the US?
A．Because they were in need f mre mney.
B．Because the mther fund n peace in Quince.
C．Because they wanted t experience a new culture.
D．Because the authr culd have new friends.
6．Which f the fllwing statements abut the authr is WRONG?
A．She wants t be a teacher and supprt peple.
B．She enjyed cmpany f friends at the new schl.
C．She enjyed life in Mexic and als in the USA．
D．Her new schl teaches in English and Mexican.
7．The purpse f the passage is t ________.
A．explain hw the authr learns English well as a teen
B．help peple t understand American immigrants better
C．intrduce the life in her hmetwn Quince in Mexic
D．persuade immigrants nt t drp their mther tngue
C
Dear Sir，
There is a plan t build a new supermarket n the edge f the Whitefields husing estate(住宅区), n the land where the lcal library nw is. I live at Whitefields, and I wuld like t express my cncern abut this plan. It is nt that I am cmpletely against the idea f building a supermarket — I just think that as a cmmunity we need t weigh up the advantages and disadvantages befre cmmitting urselves.
It is clear that the library is under­used and in pr cnditin. It is als clear that there are very few shps near here and a supermarket wuld be a gd thing t have. But the peple wh want t build the supermarket seem t think that n ne wants the library any mre, and that it isn't a must because f the Internet and s n. Is this necessarily true, especially fr elderly peple？What abut yung peple wh dn't have the Internet at hme and need t g t the library t d their hmewrk？Where can they study if they have t share a rm with a yunger brther r sister?
On the ther hand, there is an argument that a new supermarket wuld nt nly bring mre chice f shpping and mre cnvenience fr lcal peple, but it wuld als bring sme much­needed jbs fr yunger peple in the twn — and this is a gd pint. What we need t d is cnsider the effect a supermarket will have n ur quality f life. Certainly lcal peple, including me, will find shpping a lt easier and mre cnvenient. But there will als be extra traffic. In a few years frm nw, the rads in and arund will be full f cars in the daytime and delivery lrries at night, and nt nly that — we will have gt used t it,_t. Are mre jbs and mre cnvenience wrth such an influence n ur daily lives？Perhaps, but this is what we have t ask urselves.
I believe that all the peple f Whitefields, and the authrity, need t discuss this questin in an pen­minded way — and I hpe that by the time a decisin is taken, we will have had a full and fair discussin f the issues invlved, and that the lcal authrity will have really listened t everyne's view. Is that t much t ask?
Yurs faithfully，
Tm Watkins
8．The supprters f the supermarket prbably think ________.
A．the library is n lnger needed
B．the library is t pr t be rebuilt
C．the supermarket brings dwn gds price
D．supermarket increases lcal wrkers' incme
9．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Shpping cnvenience.
B．Jb pprtunity.
C．Life quality.
D．Traffic cnditin.
10．What is the authr's attitude tward the plan?
A．Apprving. B．Neutral.
C．Negative. D．Cnfident.
11．Why is the letter written?
A．T prmte effective public reading.
B．T call fr cncern ver an urban prject.
C．T discuss ways f imprving life quality.
D．T express dissatisfactin with public equipment.
D
Nearly every week, we hear news abut the latest successes and failures in driverless vehicles.But we hear little abut hw ther industries are develping this same kind f technlgy.One industry heavily invlved in researching and develping artificial intelligence, r AI, is agriculture.Cmpanies are experimenting with high-tech tls that can help farmers save time and mney, while reducing envirnment-harming chemicals.
One f the cmpanies is ecRbtix f Switzerland.It created a rbt equipped with AI and cameras t identify all plants n a farm.The rbt has fur wheels t carry itself thrugh the fields in search f weeds.Cmputer-cntrlled arms then lwer and spray the weeds with small amunts f herbicide(除草剂)．Cmpany fficials say the rbt can fully perate n its wn fr up t 12 hurs a day while being pwered by the sun.It uses the same kind f sensr and psitining technlgy used t guide driverless vehicles.A farmer can als cntrl the equipment thrugh a smartphne.
The c-funder f ecRbtix, Aurélien Demaurex, says the farm rbt can kill weeds with 20 times less herbicide than traditinal methds.This is because the system uses exactly the right chemical amunt in the exact place required t kill the weeds.Currently, farmers spread weed killers ver massive areas t destry unwanted plants.
Anther cmpany develping farm rbtics is Califrnia-based Blue River Technlgy.The cmpany has a system called “See & Spray”，which it claims was the wrld’s first smart sprayer.The system—which is cnnected t the back f a tractr—is als equipped with AI t identify and chemically kill nly the weeds.It can als spray chemicals n wanted plants t help them grw.Ben Chstner, vice president f business develpment fr Blue River Technlgy，explains in a cmpany vide that See & Spray technlgy uses the same deep learning methds used in facial recgnitin.“The first time the machine saw pigweed, it didn’t knw what kind f plant it was.But we taught it—by giving it tens f thusands f examples f that pigweed—and nw it’s an expert in pigweed.”
12．Hw will AI benefit agriculture？
A．It will fund agriculture research.
B．It cntributes t lw-cst farming.
C．It can avid harmful chemicals.
D．It frees all farmers frm field wrk.
13．What d the prducts f the tw cmpanies have in cmmn？
A．They use recgnitin technlgy.
B．They are pwered by slar energy.
C．They are cnnected with smartphnes.
D．They can help wanted plants grw rapidly.
14．What d Ben Chstner’s wrds suggest abut the rbt？
A．It is envirnmentally friendly.
B．It is gd at self-imprving.
C．It has the learning ability.
D．It can track varius plants.
15．What is mainly talked abut in the text？
A．The experiment in farming rbts.
B．A new trend in artificial intelligence.
C．Mdern See & Spray technlgy.
D．Artificial intelligence in agriculture.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gardening can be a rewarding hbby nt nly because yu can watch yur plants grw but because yu can take pride in yur success.Peple use mre ways t save mney these If yu have decided t wn a garden then a few beginner gardening tips will help yu t get started.
Plant Plants That Grw Easily
__17.__ If yu are getting ready t start yur first garden then it may be a better idea t chse plants that are strng and easy t grw.
Use Gd Sil
As a beginner, if yu d nt knw much abut the type f sil that yu need, it might be a better idea t buy yur sil frm a gardening stre.Yu have t cnsider the type f sil that yu have in yur yard and what plants yu are grwing in it as well.__18__
D Nt Over Water
Finally, ne f the biggest mistakes that beginners make is ver watering their gardens. __19__ S yu need t learn hw much water each plant needs in yur garden.It is als beneficial t water yur plants early in the mrning t get the best results.
__20__ Yu can als save mney, be healthier, and help prtect the envirnment at the same time.
A．One mistake that many beginners make is trying t grw plants that are hard t grw.
B．With these helpful beginner tips yu can grw yur wn fruit and vegetables.
C．And grwing yur wn fruit and vegetables is ne f them.
D．Different plants need different amunts f water.
E．Gardening is many peple’s favrite hbby.
F．Fr this reasn buying sil frm a stre may just be easier.
G．There are many mistakes that yu may make when beginning gardening.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Last Rbt-Prf Jb in America？
Yu can get mst fd, such as warm ckies r vdka, t yur drstep in minutes. But try getting a red snapper (红鲷鱼). Until recently, if yu culd btain it, it wuld likely have been pre-frzen and shipped in frm verseas.
Anew tech startup is aiming t 21 this situatin. Based inside the Fultn Fish Market, a seafd whlesale market, the startup, called FultnfishMarket.cm, allws custmers acrss the whle cuntry, bth restaurants and individuals, t buy frm the market. The fish is shipped 22 ，rather than frzen, thanks t an Amazn advanced lgistics system.
Mike Spindler, the cmpany's CEO said recently, “I can get a fish t Waren Buffett, that's as fresh as if he'd walked dwn t the pier(码头) and bught it that mrning.”
There is ne thing, 23 , that the sphisticated lgistics system cannt d: pick ut a fish. If Warren Buffett rders a red snapper, the cmpany needs t 24 that his fish is actually red snapper, and nt sme ther. Accrding t the cean-cnservatin rganizatin, mre than 20% f the seafd in restaurants and grcery stres in America is 25 . Fr this task, the cmpany has emplyed Rbert DiGregri, a frty-seven-year veteran f the business, wh pssesses a blend f judgement and 26 knwledge that, s far, cmputers have yet t replicate.
“ 27 the fd-safety stuff, ur business culd be any market frm the last three thusand years f human histry.” Spindler tld me.He is experienced in the 28 business. When he arrived at the fish market in 2014, peple were cautius. "They thught selling fish n the Internet was 29 ". DiGregri said, speaking fr the fishmngers(鱼贩). “They didn't see hw it culd pssibly wrk." Five years ag DeGregri didn't knw hw t use a cmputer, but when the Web-site peple arrived at the market, he sensed an pprtunity. Tgether, they've created a human-machine fish-buying peratin.
By 1 night, the cmpany cllects 30 frm arund the cuntry and sends them t DiGregri. He heads int the market carrying his tablet cmputer. The cmpany's algrithms(算法) 31 data n their surces and can tell DiGregri, fr example which stall t g t get the best tuna (金枪鱼). The cmputer is a“learning system," s if DiGregri makes a chice it didn't 32 ，it asks."Was the fish nt available? Was it damaged?" All that infrmatin is fed back in fr next time.
Then, what can a fishmnger see that a cmputer can't? DeGregri shwed me his part f the 33 prcess. “I'm assessing a few things, he said. First, 34 . Fish shuld have“nice"slime(粘液). Then, smell. He sniffed the air abve the bx. “when fish ges had, it smells like ammnia." Besides, t get the best stuff, “Fishmngers have t have a relatinship with yu. T trust yu." He added.
ls he ever 35 being replaced by the learning system f cmputers? DiGregri shrugged. "By the time they invent a cmputer that can d what I can d."he said, "I'll be dead."
A. maintain B. remedyC.substituteD.recgnize
A.freeB.verseasC.separateD.fresh
A.therefreB.therwise C.hweverD.thus
A.ensureB.prpseC. cncedeD.remind
A.verpriced B.misidentifiedC.displacedD.mdified
A.cmputer B.cuisineC.fishD.marketing
A.Rather than B.Thanks t C.Except frD.Prir t
A.fund-raising B.nline-grceryC.fish-sellingD.nn-prfit
A.significant B.wrthyC.respnsible D.Ridiculus
A.salesB.rdersC.alternativesD.statistics
A.analyzeB.supplyC.priritizeD.feed
A.requireB.prcessC.predict D.value
A.calculatin B.decdingC.crrectinD.selectin
A.smashB.tuchC.wipeD.rll
A.cncerned abut B.eager frC.delighted withD.capable
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's time t recnsider fd. Arund the glbe, fd prblems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Tday, 7.3 billin peple cnsume 1.6 times 1.________ the earth's natural resurces can supply. By 2050, the wrld's ppulatin 2.________(reach) 9 billin and the demand fr fd will duble.
S hw d we prduce mre fd fr mre peple withut 3.________(expand) the land and water already in use? We can't duble the amunt f (frtunate), we dn't have t－we just have t duble the amunt f fd available nw shrt, we must freeze the ftprint f fd.
In the near­term, fd prductin is enugh t prvide fr all, but it desn't reach everyne wh needs it. Abut 1.3 billin tns f fd 6.________ (waste) each year—fur times the amunt 7.________(need) t feed the mre than 800 millin peple wh are 8.________ (hunger) .
By imprving efficiency and prductivity while reducing waste and shifting cnsumptin 9.________(pattern), we can prduce enugh fd fr everyne by 2050 n rughly 10.________ same amunt f land we use nw.
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校英语辩论社团招收成员,你想申请加入。请你用英语写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1)个人简介(性格、特长等);
(2)表达期望。
注意:
(1)词数80左右(格式已给出,不计入总词数);
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir r Madam,
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Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in schl, I jined an undergraduate prgram t chat with specific patients and then discuss it with thers.But I had n specific training in this, and intrducing myself t strangers was nt ne f my natural talents.
On ne special visit, I cautiusly entered a darkened rm t find an elderly man lying in the bed.There was n ne else in the rm, and I firstly thught he was sleeping.When I mved a little clser t the bed, I realized that he was very much awake, but als very cnfused and anxius.He desperately wanted t cmmunicate smething t thers, but I culdn’t understand what he was saying.He seemed weak, and I culdn’t tell if he was in pain, r just scared.I knew nthing abut this man’s life r histry, and at that time I felt ttally helpless.He bviusly didn’t want me t leave, but I felt s lst and uncmfrtable that I had t leave the rm after nly a cuple f minutes.
The next time I was at the hspital, I was asked t make fllw-up visits with the same list f patients.I expected my time with the cnfused man t be just as shrt as the last time if he was even still alive.It seemed pintless t prevent myself frm trying t talk with smene wh was s weak.
As I arrived at the rm, the first thing I nticed was that the lights were n.His daughter was there chatting with him.He was sitting up in the bed and lked a bit better than befre.I intrduced myself t the daughter and explained t her that I had cme by befre.Addressing the patient, I then suggested that I was certain he didn’t remember me at all.
Paragraph 1：
T my surprise, he crrected me immediately.
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Paragraph 2：
After this visit, the wrds the ld man said t me were always in my mind.
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