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2025版高考英语全程一轮复习语法专题提升专题二需要“变形”的名词数词形容词和副词第三讲名词和数词课件（外研版）
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这是一份2025版高考英语全程一轮复习语法专题提升专题二需要“变形”的名词数词形容词和副词第三讲名词和数词课件（外研版），共42页。PPT课件主要包含了不规则变化，考点二 名词所有格，形容词转化成名词，had been，the ，whose，turns，later，showing 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
● 高考感悟/练真题·悟技法·锁定目标 ●单句语法填空1．[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]They als need t be ready t give ________ (interview) in English with internatinal jurnalists.
答案与解析：interviews 考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。
2．[2023·全国甲卷]Hwever, Carsn's theme is a mre weighty ________ (warn) abut envirnmental destructin.
答案与解析：warning 考查名词。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用单数形式。
3．[2023·全国乙卷]But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place that welcmes the fastpaced develpment f mdern life, with 21stcentury architectural ________ (wnder) standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
答案与解析：wnders 考查名词。空处为名词形式；根据下文的“histrical buildings f the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。
4．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]The GPNP's main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ________ (ppulatin)and hmes f giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
答案与解析：ppulatins 考查名词。设空处和and后的复数名词hmes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词ppulatin (种群)的复数形式。
5．[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]“He saved my ________ (sn) life，” said Mrs. Brwn. “I dn't knw hw t thank him.”
答案与解析：sn's 考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词sn之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。
6．[2022·浙江6月卷]Jhn Olsn, a frmer ________ (phtgraph) and his team turn paintings int fully textured 3D mdels.
答案与解析：phtgrapher 考查名词。此处表示Jhn Olsn之前是一名摄影师。分析句子结构可知，空格前有冠词“a”和形容词“frmer”修饰，此处应用可数名词phtgrapher的单数形式。故填phtgrapher。
7．[2022·全国乙卷]As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day, the birthplace f tea and the largest teaprducing cuntry, China has a ________ (respnsible) t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry.
答案与解析：respnsibility 考查名词。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填respnsibility。
8．[2022·浙江6月卷]Fr Luc, this means ________ (independent). “The feeling f being able t see it and t frm my pinin is like breaking dwn anther wall as a blind persn.”
答案与解析：independence 考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。
9．[2021·全国乙卷]________ (activity) there range frm whale watching t hiking (远足) and accmmdatins aim t have a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
答案与解析：Activities 考查名词的数。本空作主语，且本句的谓语动词是range，故主语应是名词复数activities，空格位于句首，首字母应大写。
10．[2020·新高考Ⅰ卷]Histrical ______ (accurate) is imprtant but s is entertainment.
答案与解析：accuracy 考查名词。句意：历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词histrical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
● 考点研析/破重点·析疑难·精准清障 ●考点一 名词的数(一)可数名词1．单数名词变为复数名词的规则变化
(二)不可数名词1．常见的20个不可数名词
2.抽象名词的具体化：具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用。这就是抽象名词的具体化。
考点三 派生名词1.动词转化成名词
即学即练单句语法填空1．[2023·北京卷]Mangrves can help sften waves and prtect ________ (city) frm castal winds.
答案与解析：cities 考查名词复数。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式。
2．[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]Since June 2017, right befre the ________ (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and cnfident speaking English.
答案与解析：arrival 考查名词。空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词befre的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。
3．[2023·全国甲卷]The bees, ________ (butterfly) and many ther insects lked lvely and beautiful n the stamps.
答案与解析：butterflies 考查名词的数。句意：根据上文The bees可知，此处应用复数形式。
4．[2022·全国甲卷]Ca and Wu als cllected garbage alng the rad, in rder t prmte envirnmental ________ (prtect)．
答案与解析：prtectin 考查名词。根据句意和空前的形容词envirnmental可知，此处应用名词prtectin，作宾语，prtectin表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。
5．[2022·浙江1月卷]When the answer was n,she declined the ________ (invite).
答案与解析：invitatin 考查名词。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语。
6．[2021·浙江卷6月]Beautifully restred (修复) t its 1860 appearance, the huse was Abraham and Mary Lincln's hme fr 17 years.In 1844 they bught it fr $1，200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser, wh perfrmed their ________ (marry) ceremny in 1842.
答案与解析：marriage 考查词性转换。根据句意可知，此处要用名词marriage作ceremny的定语，表示“结婚仪式，结婚典礼”。故填marriage。
7．[2021·北京卷]Why d we dream? Scientists aren't cmpletely sure, and they have diverse ________ (idea)．
答案与解析：ideas 考查名词复数。句意：他们有各种各样的观点。可见idea应用复数形式。故填ideas。
8．[2021·浙江卷1月]It is calculated by dividing a ________ (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI f between 19 and 25 is cnsidered healthy.
答案与解析：persn's 考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，persn是修饰weight的，用 persn的名词所有格persn's。故填persn's。
9．[2021·全国乙卷]It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme educated abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics, and ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the ________ (develp) f the lcal areas.
答案与解析：develpment 考查名词。空格在冠词the之后，应填名词develpment“发展”。
10．[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ________ (human) are.
答案与解析：humans 考查名词的复数。本空作宾语从句主语we的同位语，故应该用名词的复数形式。
考点四 数词的基本用法数词属于高考试题中不常考查的冷点，主要涉及基数词和序数词的基本用法及区别，序数词前的修饰词以及分数的正确表达等。1．基数词(1)名词性数词hundred, thusand, millin等前有数词或several时不能用复数形式，其后所跟的复数名词前不加f，表“一百，一千，一百万” 时需加ne或不定冠词a。如表不确切的数目应用hundreds/thusands/millins f＋复数名词。(2)用以表示年龄时，逢十的基数词复数之前应加物主代词，如in her frties “在她四十多岁时”。
2．序数词(1)序数词前一般要加上定冠词或物主代词等限定词。It was the/my first visit t Eurpe.那是(我)第一次去欧洲。(2)分数的分母部分用序数词，分子用基数词，分子为1时，分母用序数词的单数形式，分子为2及以上时，分母用序数词的复数形式。
即学即练单句语法填空1．[2023·全国甲卷]Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the wellknwn Aesp's fables date t the ________ (six) century, B. C．
答案与解析：sixth 考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century(世纪)前面有定冠词the，前面要用序数词形式。
2．Hawking refused t accept the predictins that he wuld nly live fr a few years after develping a frm f mtr neurne disease in his early ________ (twenty)．
答案与解析：twenties 考查数词。句意：霍金拒绝接受他在二十出头时患了运动神经元病后只能活几年的预言。in ne's twenties“在某人二十多岁时”。
3．With new technlgies intrduced，the cmpany made________ (tw) as many cmputers as the year befre last.
答案与解析：twice 考查数词。两倍用twice来表示，两倍以上用数字加times来表示。句意：引进了新科技，公司制造的电脑是前年的两倍。
● 小试牛刀/夯基础·提技能·高效备考 ●Ⅰ.语法填空[2024·江苏省苏州市调研卷]While mst westerners knw the stry f Hua Mulan thrugh an animated film, she 1.________ (be) a ppular character f Chinese legend (传说) fr ver a thusand years. One f the mst famus stries abut her is 2.________ 1917 Beijing Opera, Mulan Jins the Army.Traditinally, n wmen 3.___________ (allw) t perfrm in peras, s men played all the rles. Thugh wmen were n lnger prhibited by the time Mulan Jins the Army was first perfrmed, 4.________ was still cmmn fr men t perfrm female rles, s the part f Hua Mulan was mst famusly played by the male actr, Mei Lanfang (1894—1961)．
were allwed
In shrt, the stry is abut a girl, Hua Mulan, 5.________ father is called up t war. As Hua Mulan wrries that her father is t elderly t fight, she decides t dress as a man and g 6.________ his place. After many years f war, she is ffered a reward fr her service, but she 7.________ (turn) it dwn s that she can g hme. It is nly much 8.________ (late) that the friends she made during the war discver she is nt a man.Hua Mulan is a symbl t many Chinese peple because she strngly illustrates values that they appreciate. As a lyal daughter, she fights first fr her family, and then fr her cuntry, 9.________ (shw) bravery and cmplete selflessness in her actins, winning praise and 10.________ (admire) frm thers, and bringing great hnr t her family.
Ⅱ.写作运用完成下面短文，注意本部分语法的运用。T whm it may cncern：1．____________________ (我是你的一个顾客). I rdered a set f Bkwrm Series n yur website tw weeks ag, but I didn't receive them until yesterday. 2.________________________________ (令我十分失望的是), the bks were s prly packed up that 3.___________________ (其中一本书的书皮破损了). T make matters wrse, it is nt a cmplete set, as I fund ne bk missing.
I'm ne f yur custmers
And much t my disappintment
the cver f ne bk was trn
● 高考感悟/练真题·悟技法·锁定目标 ●单句语法填空1．[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]They als need t be ready t give ________ (interview) in English with internatinal jurnalists.
答案与解析：interviews 考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。
2．[2023·全国甲卷]Hwever, Carsn's theme is a mre weighty ________ (warn) abut envirnmental destructin.
答案与解析：warning 考查名词。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用单数形式。
3．[2023·全国乙卷]But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place that welcmes the fastpaced develpment f mdern life, with 21stcentury architectural ________ (wnder) standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
答案与解析：wnders 考查名词。空处为名词形式；根据下文的“histrical buildings f the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。
4．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]The GPNP's main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ________ (ppulatin)and hmes f giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
答案与解析：ppulatins 考查名词。设空处和and后的复数名词hmes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词ppulatin (种群)的复数形式。
5．[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]“He saved my ________ (sn) life，” said Mrs. Brwn. “I dn't knw hw t thank him.”
答案与解析：sn's 考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词sn之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。
6．[2022·浙江6月卷]Jhn Olsn, a frmer ________ (phtgraph) and his team turn paintings int fully textured 3D mdels.
答案与解析：phtgrapher 考查名词。此处表示Jhn Olsn之前是一名摄影师。分析句子结构可知，空格前有冠词“a”和形容词“frmer”修饰，此处应用可数名词phtgrapher的单数形式。故填phtgrapher。
7．[2022·全国乙卷]As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day, the birthplace f tea and the largest teaprducing cuntry, China has a ________ (respnsible) t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry.
答案与解析：respnsibility 考查名词。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填respnsibility。
8．[2022·浙江6月卷]Fr Luc, this means ________ (independent). “The feeling f being able t see it and t frm my pinin is like breaking dwn anther wall as a blind persn.”
答案与解析：independence 考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。
9．[2021·全国乙卷]________ (activity) there range frm whale watching t hiking (远足) and accmmdatins aim t have a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
答案与解析：Activities 考查名词的数。本空作主语，且本句的谓语动词是range，故主语应是名词复数activities，空格位于句首，首字母应大写。
10．[2020·新高考Ⅰ卷]Histrical ______ (accurate) is imprtant but s is entertainment.
答案与解析：accuracy 考查名词。句意：历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词histrical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
● 考点研析/破重点·析疑难·精准清障 ●考点一 名词的数(一)可数名词1．单数名词变为复数名词的规则变化
(二)不可数名词1．常见的20个不可数名词
2.抽象名词的具体化：具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用。这就是抽象名词的具体化。
考点三 派生名词1.动词转化成名词
即学即练单句语法填空1．[2023·北京卷]Mangrves can help sften waves and prtect ________ (city) frm castal winds.
答案与解析：cities 考查名词复数。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式。
2．[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]Since June 2017, right befre the ________ (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and cnfident speaking English.
答案与解析：arrival 考查名词。空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词befre的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。
3．[2023·全国甲卷]The bees, ________ (butterfly) and many ther insects lked lvely and beautiful n the stamps.
答案与解析：butterflies 考查名词的数。句意：根据上文The bees可知，此处应用复数形式。
4．[2022·全国甲卷]Ca and Wu als cllected garbage alng the rad, in rder t prmte envirnmental ________ (prtect)．
答案与解析：prtectin 考查名词。根据句意和空前的形容词envirnmental可知，此处应用名词prtectin，作宾语，prtectin表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。
5．[2022·浙江1月卷]When the answer was n,she declined the ________ (invite).
答案与解析：invitatin 考查名词。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语。
6．[2021·浙江卷6月]Beautifully restred (修复) t its 1860 appearance, the huse was Abraham and Mary Lincln's hme fr 17 years.In 1844 they bught it fr $1，200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser, wh perfrmed their ________ (marry) ceremny in 1842.
答案与解析：marriage 考查词性转换。根据句意可知，此处要用名词marriage作ceremny的定语，表示“结婚仪式，结婚典礼”。故填marriage。
7．[2021·北京卷]Why d we dream? Scientists aren't cmpletely sure, and they have diverse ________ (idea)．
答案与解析：ideas 考查名词复数。句意：他们有各种各样的观点。可见idea应用复数形式。故填ideas。
8．[2021·浙江卷1月]It is calculated by dividing a ________ (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI f between 19 and 25 is cnsidered healthy.
答案与解析：persn's 考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，persn是修饰weight的，用 persn的名词所有格persn's。故填persn's。
9．[2021·全国乙卷]It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme educated abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics, and ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the ________ (develp) f the lcal areas.
答案与解析：develpment 考查名词。空格在冠词the之后，应填名词develpment“发展”。
10．[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ________ (human) are.
答案与解析：humans 考查名词的复数。本空作宾语从句主语we的同位语，故应该用名词的复数形式。
考点四 数词的基本用法数词属于高考试题中不常考查的冷点，主要涉及基数词和序数词的基本用法及区别，序数词前的修饰词以及分数的正确表达等。1．基数词(1)名词性数词hundred, thusand, millin等前有数词或several时不能用复数形式，其后所跟的复数名词前不加f，表“一百，一千，一百万” 时需加ne或不定冠词a。如表不确切的数目应用hundreds/thusands/millins f＋复数名词。(2)用以表示年龄时，逢十的基数词复数之前应加物主代词，如in her frties “在她四十多岁时”。
2．序数词(1)序数词前一般要加上定冠词或物主代词等限定词。It was the/my first visit t Eurpe.那是(我)第一次去欧洲。(2)分数的分母部分用序数词，分子用基数词，分子为1时，分母用序数词的单数形式，分子为2及以上时，分母用序数词的复数形式。
即学即练单句语法填空1．[2023·全国甲卷]Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the wellknwn Aesp's fables date t the ________ (six) century, B. C．
答案与解析：sixth 考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century(世纪)前面有定冠词the，前面要用序数词形式。
2．Hawking refused t accept the predictins that he wuld nly live fr a few years after develping a frm f mtr neurne disease in his early ________ (twenty)．
答案与解析：twenties 考查数词。句意：霍金拒绝接受他在二十出头时患了运动神经元病后只能活几年的预言。in ne's twenties“在某人二十多岁时”。
3．With new technlgies intrduced，the cmpany made________ (tw) as many cmputers as the year befre last.
答案与解析：twice 考查数词。两倍用twice来表示，两倍以上用数字加times来表示。句意：引进了新科技，公司制造的电脑是前年的两倍。
● 小试牛刀/夯基础·提技能·高效备考 ●Ⅰ.语法填空[2024·江苏省苏州市调研卷]While mst westerners knw the stry f Hua Mulan thrugh an animated film, she 1.________ (be) a ppular character f Chinese legend (传说) fr ver a thusand years. One f the mst famus stries abut her is 2.________ 1917 Beijing Opera, Mulan Jins the Army.Traditinally, n wmen 3.___________ (allw) t perfrm in peras, s men played all the rles. Thugh wmen were n lnger prhibited by the time Mulan Jins the Army was first perfrmed, 4.________ was still cmmn fr men t perfrm female rles, s the part f Hua Mulan was mst famusly played by the male actr, Mei Lanfang (1894—1961)．
were allwed
In shrt, the stry is abut a girl, Hua Mulan, 5.________ father is called up t war. As Hua Mulan wrries that her father is t elderly t fight, she decides t dress as a man and g 6.________ his place. After many years f war, she is ffered a reward fr her service, but she 7.________ (turn) it dwn s that she can g hme. It is nly much 8.________ (late) that the friends she made during the war discver she is nt a man.Hua Mulan is a symbl t many Chinese peple because she strngly illustrates values that they appreciate. As a lyal daughter, she fights first fr her family, and then fr her cuntry, 9.________ (shw) bravery and cmplete selflessness in her actins, winning praise and 10.________ (admire) frm thers, and bringing great hnr t her family.
Ⅱ.写作运用完成下面短文，注意本部分语法的运用。T whm it may cncern：1．____________________ (我是你的一个顾客). I rdered a set f Bkwrm Series n yur website tw weeks ag, but I didn't receive them until yesterday. 2.________________________________ (令我十分失望的是), the bks were s prly packed up that 3.___________________ (其中一本书的书皮破损了). T make matters wrse, it is nt a cmplete set, as I fund ne bk missing.
I'm ne f yur custmers
And much t my disappintment
the cver f ne bk was trn
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