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    人教版小升初英语专项练习与讲解(47页)

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    人教版小升初英语专项练习与讲解(47页)

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    这是一份人教版小升初英语专项练习与讲解(47页),共44页。

    第1讲 BE动词的用法
    第2讲 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
    第3讲 名词性物主代词
    第4讲 人称代词的讲解及用法
    第5讲 助动词与BE动词的区别
    第6讲 一般现在时的讲解及用法
    第7讲 名词复数(1)
    第8讲 名词复数(2)
    第9讲 英语冠词的用法
    第10讲 零冠词用法讲解与练习零冠词
    第11讲 There be句型讲解与练习
    一.语音
    音素、音标的概念
    (1)音素是记录英语语音的最小单位,英语共48个音素,20个元音,28个辅音。
    (2)音标是记录音素的符号,现在我们用国际上通用的48个音标来记录英语语音。为了把音标与字母进行区分,常把音标放在[ ]或者/ /里。
    音标的分类
    记录英语音素的48个音标可分为元音和辅音两大类。
    元音:发音时声带振动,呼出的气流在通过口腔时,不受阻碍发出的语音叫做元音。国际音标中有20个元音,里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。
    单元音: [æ] [e] [ə] [i] [כ] [u] [۸]
    [a:] [ə:] [i:] [כ:] [u:]
    2、双元音: [ai] [ei] [כi] [iə] [εə] [uə] [au] [əu]
    辅音:辅音音标:分为清辅音和浊辅音,清辅音发音时声带不振动,浊辅音发音时声带振动。
    清辅音: [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts]
    浊辅音: [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [δ] [з] [dz] [dз] [dr]
    鼻 音: [m] [n] [ŋ]
    其他辅音: [h] [l] [r] [w] [j]
    元音:
    前元音:[i:] [i] [e] [æ]
    后元音:[ɑ:] [כ:] [כ] [u:] [u]
    中元音:[۸] [ə:] [ə]
    双元音:[ai] [ei] [כi] [iə] [εə] [uə] [au] [əu]
    辅音:
    爆破音:[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]
    鼻 音:[m] [n] [ŋ]
    摩擦音:[f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [ð] [∫] [з] [r] [h]
    破擦音:[t∫] [dз] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz]
    半元音:[w] [j]
    舌边音:[l]
    看音标练读
    前元音:
    [i:]
    eat [ i:t ] 吃 tea [ ti: ]茶 peach [ pi:tʃ ]桃
    he [ hi:]他 she [ ʃi: ]她 beef [ bi:f ] 牛肉
    jeep [ dʒi:p ]吉普车 key [ ki: ] 钥匙 meat [ mi:t ] 肉
    [i]
    fish [ fiʃ ] 鱼 kid [ kid ] 小孩 fifth [ fifθ ]第五 sister [ 'sistə ] 姐妹
    this [ ðis ] 这个 is [ iz]是 six [ siks ] 六 pig [ pig ]猪
    [e]
    desk [ desk ] 桌子 pencil [ 'pensəl ]铅笔 pen [ pen ] 钢笔
    dress [ dres ] 连衣裙 red [ red ] 红色的 eleven [ i'levən ] 十一
    bed [ bed ] 床 bread [ bred] 面包 egg [ eɡ]蛋
    [æ]
    bag [ [bæg] ]包 fan [ fæn ] 风扇 math [ mæθ ]数学
    jacket [ 'dʒækit ] 夹克衫 rabbit [ 'ræbit ] 兔子 apple [ 'æpl ]苹果
    can [ kæn] 可以 cabbage ['kæbidʒ] 卷心菜
    中元音:
    [۸]
    yung [ jʌŋ ]年轻人 funny [ 'fʌni ]滑稽可笑的 Mnday['mʌndi ]星期一
    Sunday['sʌndi ]星期日 lunch [ lʌntʃ ]午餐 under [ 'ʌndə ]在…下面
    smetimes [ 'sʌmtaimz ]有时
    [ə:]
    curtain [ 'kə:tən ]窗帘 her [ hə:]她的 skirt [ skə:t ]裙子
    shirt [ ʃə:t ]衬衫 nurse [ nə:s ]护士 thirty [ 'θə:ti ]三十
    [ə]
    tday [ tə'dei ]今天 mirrr [ 'mirə ]镜子 river [ 'rivə ]河,江
    summer [ 'sʌmə ]夏季 winter [ 'wintə ] 冬季 clur [ 'kʌlə ]颜色
    后元音:
    [ɑ:]
    grass [grɑ:s]草 smart[smɑ:t]聪明 park [ pɑ:k ] 公园
    grandpa [ 'ɡrændpɑ: ]爷爷 classrm [ 'klɑ:srum ]教室 farm [ fɑ:m ] 农田 farmer [ 'fɑ:mə ]农夫 bathrm [ 'bɑ:θrum ] 卫生间 are [ ɑ:]是 smart [smɑ:t]
    [כ:]
    flr [ flɔ: ]地板 tall [ tɔ:l ]高的 shrt [ ʃɔ:t ] 不足
    fr [fɔ:]为了 salty [ 'sɔ:lti ]咸的 fall [ fɔ:l ]秋天
    walk [ wɔ:k ]走 bard [ bɔ:d ]木板 wall [ wɔ:l ]墙
    [כ]
    clset [ 'klɔzit ]壁橱 frest [ 'fɔrist ]森林 because [ bi'kɔz ]因为
    mm [ mɔm ]妈妈 what [ hwɔt]什么 chpsticks [ 'tʃɔpstiks ]筷子
    dg [ [dɔɡ]狗 dctr [ dɔktə ]医生 sck [ sɔk ]袜子
    [u:]
    fruit [ fru:t ]水果 nn [ nu:n ]中午 July [dʒu:'lai]July [dʒu:'lai]July [dʒu:'lai] schl [ sku:l ]学校 blue [ blu: ]蓝色的 cl [ ku:l ] 凉爽的 she [ ʃu: ] 鞋子 rm [ ru:m ]房间 sup [ su:p ] 汤
    [u]
    bk [ buk ] 书 lk [ luk ]看 wd [ wud ]树林
    classrm [ 'klɑ:srum ]教室 ntebk [ 'nəutbuk ]笔记本
    bathrm [ 'bɑ:θrum ] 卫生间 bedrm [ 'bedru(:)m ] 卧室smart [smɑ:t]
    双元音(一)
    [ai]
    kind [ kaind]和蔼的 like [ laik ]喜欢 why [ hwai ] 为什么
    quiet [ 'kwaiət ] 安静的 Friday ['faidi ]星期五 behind [ bi'haind ]在…后面
    July [dзu:lai]七月 fly [ flai ] 飞 fight [ fait ] 打架 ['fraidi]
    [ei]
    grape [greip ]葡萄 lake [ leik ]湖泊 eight [ eit ]八
    tday [ tə'dei ]今天 they [ ðei]他们 may [ mei ] 可以
    name [ neim ]名字 play [ plei ]玩 cake [ keik ]蛋糕
    snake [ sneik ]蛇
    [iə]
    here [ hiə ] 这里 ear [ iə ]耳朵 dear [ diə ]亲爱的
    near[niə]近的 really [ 'riəli]真地
    [əu]
    ld [ əuld]老的 ptat [ pə'teitəu ]土豆 clthes [ kləuðz ]衣服
    rad [ rəud ]马路 yellw [ 'jeləu ]黄色的 cld [ kəuld ]寒冷的
    双元音(二)
    [uə]
    sur [ 'sauə ] 酸的 sure [ ʃuə]当然可以 flwer['flauə] 花
    [au]
    flwer [ 'flauə ]花 huse [ haus]房子 abut [ ə'baut ]关于
    nw [ nau ]现在 muth [ mauθ ] 嘴巴 clud [ klaud ]云
    [εə]
    there [ ðεə]那里 wear [ wεə ]穿着 pair [ pεə ]一双
    yeah [ jεə ]是 chair [ tʃεə ]椅子
    [כi]
    by [ bɔi ] 男孩 ty [ tɔi ]玩具
    nise [ nɔiz ]噪音 enjy [ in'dʒɔi ]享受
    爆破音
    [p]
    pencil [ 'pensəl铅笔 pen [ pen ] 钢笔 picture [ 'piktʃə ]照片
    pants [ pænts ]裤子 play [ plei ]玩 pear [ pεə ]梨
    pig [ pig]猪 ptat [ pə'teitəu ]土豆 park [ pɑ:k ]公园
    please [ pli:z ]请
    [b]
    bk [ buk ]书 by [ bɔi ]男孩 bed [ bed ]床
    beef [ bi:f ]牛肉 bread [ bred ]面包 brther [ 'brʌðə ]兄弟
    bard [ bɔ:d ]木板 big [ big]大的 banana [ bə'nɑ:nə]香蕉
    [t]
    tw [ tu: ]二 ten [ ten ]十 time [ taim ]时间
    tday [ tə'dei ] 今天 twelve [ twelv ]十二 twenty [ 'twenti ]二十
    tfu [ 'təufu: ] 豆腐 tmat [ tə'mɑ:təu]西红柿 tasty [ 'teisti ]美味的
    teacher [ 'ti:tʃə ]老师 tell [ tel ] 告诉
    [d]
    dr [ dɔ: ]门 desk [ desk ]桌子 dg [ [dɔɡ]狗
    d [du: ]做 dinner [ 'dinə ]晚餐 dctr [ dɔktə ]医生
    duck [ dʌk ]鸭子 day [ dei ]一天 fd [ fu:d ]食物
    [k]
    kind [ kaind ]和蔼的 kitchen [ 'kitʃin ]厨房 kangar [ ,kængə'ru: ]袋鼠
    climb [ klaim ]爬,攀登 cmputer [ kəm'pju:tə ]电脑 kid [ kid ]小孩
    clean [ kli:n ]清洁的 cme [ kʌm ]来 cusin [ 'kʌzən ]堂兄弟姐妹
    [g]
    girl [gə:l ]女孩 green [gri:n ]绿色 grape [greip ]葡萄
    grass [grɑ:s]草 garden [ 'gɑ:dn ]花园 gat [gəut ]山羊
    g [gəu ]走 grandmther [ 'grænd,mʌðə ]祖母
    鼻音
    [m]
    milk [ milk ]牛奶 mther [ 'mʌðə ]母亲 me [ mi:]我
    may [ mei ]可以 my[ mai ]我的 mm [ mɔm ]妈妈
    math [ mæθ ]数学 mirrr [ 'mirə ]镜子 mutter [ 'mʌtə ]羊肉
    [n]
    nurse [ nə:s ]护士 new [ nju:]新的 name [ neim ]名字
    nine [ nain ]九 nw [ nau ]现在 Nvember[ nəu 'vembə]十一月
    ninth[ nainθ ]第九 next [ nekst ]下次 near [ niə ]近的
    [ŋ]
    strng [ strɔŋ, strɔ:ŋ ]强壮 lng [ lɔŋ, lɔ:ŋ ]长的
    pink [ piŋk ]粉红色 english [ 'iŋgliʃ ]英语 evening [ 'i:vniŋ ]晚上
    摩擦音(一)
    [f]
    friend [ frend ]朋友 fish [ fiʃ ]鱼 father [ 'fɑ:ðə ] 爸爸
    fan [ fæn ]风扇 flw [ fləu ]流动 flwer [ 'flauə ]花
    fr [fɔ: ]为了 fur [ fɔ: ] 四 five [ faiv ]五
    fresh [ freʃ ] 新鲜
    [v]
    very [ 'veri ]很,非常 twelve [ twelv ]十二 vest [ vest ] 背心
    active [ 'æktiv ]积极的 summer [ 'sʌmə ] 夏天 five [ faiv ]五
    favurite [ 'feivərit ]最喜爱的 evening [ 'i:vniŋ ]晚上
    everyne [ 'evriwʌn ] 每个人 vegetable [ 'vedʒitəbl ]蔬菜
    [s]
    student [ 'stju:dənt]学生 srry [ 'sɔ:ri]对不起 six [ siks ]六
    strng [ strɔŋ, strɔ:ŋ ]强壮 seven [ 'sevən ]七 strict [ strikt ] 严格的
    sky [ skai ]天空 summer [ 'sʌmə ]夏季 sleep [ sli:p ] 睡觉
    [z]
    seasn [ 'si:zən ]季节 because [ bi'kɔz ]因为 wds[wdz]树林
    zebra [ 'zi:brə ]斑马 zer [ 'ziərəu]零 please [ pli:z ]高兴
    摩擦音(二)
    [θ]
    thin [ θin ]瘦的 fifth [ fifθ ] 第五 math [ mæθ ]数学
    path [ pɑ:θ, pæθ ]道路 healthy [ 'helθi ]健康的 ninth [ nainθ ]第九
    muth [ mauθ ]嘴巴 thirty [ 'θə:ti ]三十
    [ð]
    brther [ 'brʌðə ]兄弟 father [ 'fɑ:ðə ]父亲 this [ ðis]这个 that [ ðæt]那个
    they [ ðei]他们 there [ ðεə ]那里 thse [ ðəuz ]那些
    [∫]
    fish [ fiʃ ]鱼 fresh [ freʃ ] 新鲜的 english [ 'iŋgliʃ ]英语
    shrt [ ʃɔ:t ]短的 she [ ʃi: ] 她 washrm [ 'wɔʃrum ]洗手间
    [з]
    usually ['ju: зuəli]通常
    [r]
    ruler [ 'ru:lə ]尺子 rice [ rais ]米饭 run [ rʌn ]跑
    really [ 'riəli]真地 right [ rait ]正确的 red [ red ]红的
    river [ 'rivə ]河,江 rad [ rəud ]马路 fresh [ freʃ ]新鲜的
    [h]
    her [ hə: ]她 have [ hæv ]有 help [ help ] 帮助
    hen [ hen ]母鸡 hundred [ 'hʌndrəd ] 一百 he [ hi:]他
    huse [ haus, hauz ] 房子 hney [ 'hʌni ]蜂蜜 hme [ həum ] 家
    破擦音
    [t∫]
    lunch [ lʌntʃ ]午饭 teacher [ 'ti:tʃə ]老师 chair [ tʃεə ]椅子
    chpsticks [ 'tʃɔpstiks ]筷子 picture [ 'piktʃə ]照片
    [dз]
    jeep [ dʒi:p ] 吉普车 gym [ dʒim ] 健身房 jacket [ 'dʒækit ]夹克
    vegetable [ 'vedʒitəbl ]蔬菜 cabbage ['kæbidʒ]卷心菜 jump [ dʒʌmp ]跳
    [tr]
    strict [ strikt ]严格的 strng [ strɔŋ, strɔ:ŋ ]强壮 tree [ tri: ] 树木
    [dr]
    hundred [ 'hʌndrəd ] 一百 draw [ drɔ: ]画 dress [ dres ]穿,连衣裙
    bedrm [ 'bedru(:)m ]卧室
    [ts]
    shrt [ ʃɔ:ts ]短的 pants [ pænts ] 短裤
    [dz]
    wds [ wudz ] 树林
    半元音
    [w]
    windw [ 'windəu ]窗户 wall [ wɔ:l ]墙 weather [ 'weðə ]天气
    windy [ 'windi ] 有风的 weekend [ ,wi:k'end]周末 wait [ weit ]等候
    white [ hwait ]白的 winter [ 'wintə ]冬季
    [ j ]
    yes [ yes ]是 year [ jə:]一年 yet [ jet ]但是
    yur [ jɔ: ]你的,你们的 yu [ ju: ]你,你们 yung [ jʌŋ ]年轻的
    yesterday [ 'jestəddei ]昨天
    舌边音
    [ l ]
    ruler [ 'ru:lə ] 尺子 milk [ milk ]牛奶 light [ 'lait ]灯
    flr [ flɔ: ] 地板 shelf [ ʃelf ] 书架 plate [ pleit ]碟子
    library [ 'laibrəri ]图书馆 help [ help ] 帮助 lunch [ lʌntʃ ]中饭
    二.基本语法知识

    第1讲 BE动词的用法
    导入: 1 —Hell!What is yur name? 2. —Hw are yu tday?
    —Hell!My name is Lily. —I am fine,thank yu.

    I.系动词be
    1.be为连系动词,词义是"是",句型为"主+系+表"结构。
    当be 动词做系动词使用时,主要构成“系动词+表语”的结构,在句子中做谓语。
    表语可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。
    【典例1】 I a student.
    A. is B. am C. are

    2. 巧记:我(I)用am,你(yu)用are,is连着他(he),她(she),它(it);
    主语是单数名词用is/was,主语是复数名词用are/were(yu除外)
    【典例2】用Be动词的正确形式填空。
    1.)Jane and Tm my friends.
    2. )My parents very busy every day.
    3. )She my best friend.
    3. I am = I’m he is= he’s she is =she’s it is =it’s
    we are =we’re yu are =yu’re they are=they’re
    【典例3】 我们是朋友。 friends.
    (主语数我们,且be动词用复数,横线只有一根,首字母大写因此填We're)
    4. 含有Be 动词的否定句:只需在be(am, is, are,was, were)后面加上nt 就行。但要注意缩写形式。
    am与nt 一起时不缩写;is 与nt 缩写为isn’t , are nt 缩写为aren’t
    【典例4】译:我不是一个学生。 I a student.

    5. 含有Be 动词的一般疑问句:把be动词提到句子开头就行,第一人称改为第二人称,句末用问号。
    【典例5】 I am a student. (改为一般疑问句,做肯定、否定回答)
    yu a student? Yes, I .
    II.助动词be 助动词be 有两个基本用法,一是与谓语动词一起构成各种时态,二是构成被动语态(以后学习)。
    1.1)现在进行时
    be +现在分词,构成进行时态, 第一人称+am+v-ing
    第二人称+are+v-ing
    第三人称+is+v-ing
    【典例6】他们正在开会。
    They having a meeting.

    ②否定句式:主语+be(am, is, are) +nt +现在分词+其它.
    一般疑问句:Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它?
    特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它?
    【 典例7】他没有看电视,他在玩游戏。
    He watching TV. He playing games.

    2)There be句型
    there be句式为:there be+主语部分+状语部分,表示"某处存在某物",be常用现在时.
    注意:There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项名词的单复数决定,这就是就近原则。
    【 典例8】There a pen, tw bks and many pencils n the desk.
    【 典例9】There a bk and three cats there. There three cats and a bk there.

    IV. 随堂练习:
    A.用be动词的正确形式填空。
    1. I ______ a by. ______ yu a by? N, I _____ nt.
    2. The girl______ Jack’s sister.
    3. The dg _______ tall and fat.
    4. ______ yur brther in the classrm?
    5.Where _____ yur mther? She ______ at hme.
    6. Hw _______ yur father?
    7. Mike and Liu Ta ______ at schl.
    8. Whse dress ______ this?
    9. Whse scks ______ they?
    10. That ______ my red skirt.
    11. Wh ______ I?
    12.The jeans ______ n the desk.
    13.Here ______ a scarf fr yu.
    14.. Here ______ sme sweaters fr yu.
    15. The black glves ______ fr Su Yang.
    16. —___ they big and strng? —Yes,they ___
    17.—Wh __ he? —He __ my brther Tm.
    18. —Wh __ she? —She __ my classmate.
    19. —Hw ld __ yu? —I ___ thirteen.
    20. —___ yu happy tday? —N,I __ nt.I'm sad.
    B.选择填空
    ( )1.There __ sme milk ,sme eggs and a few apples n the table.
    A.is B.are C.has D.have
    ( )2.There s many green trees n bth sides f the street .
    A.is B.are C.has D.have
    ( )3.There __ anything new in tday's newspaper .
    A.is B.are C.isn't D.aren't
    ( )4.__ there __bks n the shelf ?
    A.Are﹔a B.Is ﹔a C.Have ﹔sme D.Are﹔any
    ( )5.There __ many elephants in Africa.
    A.is B.has C.are D.have
    ( )6.--Is there a htel near here?
    --__.
    A. Yes,please B. Nt at all C. Srry,I dn't knw D. Here yu are
    ( )7.Are there any __n the table?
    A.meat B.cheese C.tmates D.paper
    ( )8.--Where is my wallet ?
    --There __ a black ne n the flr.
    A.is B.are C.has D.have
    ( )9.There's __ eraser n __ desk.
    A. an﹔the B.the﹔a C.the﹔the D.an﹔/
    ( )10.We having lunch,we watching TV.
    A.am nt, am B.are,aren’t C aren’t,are D isn’t,is
    C.句型转换。
    1.He is a gd by.(变成否定句)
    He a gd by.
    2.This is an interesting bk. (变成一般疑问句,并做肯定、否定回答。)
    this an interesting bk?
    Yes, it .N, it .
    3.It is a bird.(把句子变成复数)
    They birds.

    第2讲 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
    导入:This is my bk. That is yur pen.
    It is his dg. They are her friends.
    It is ur classrm. He is their teacher.

    I.定义 形容词性物主代词是物主代词的一种(另一种为人称代词),置于名词前,起修饰作用,表示某人的。
    N 大事记
    光影集锦
    图册集锦
    花絮视频
    形容词性物主代词有:my(我的) yur(你的) his(他的)her(她的)its(它的)
    ur(我们的) yur(你们的) their(他们的)
    形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,常放在名词前面作定语,
    表明该名词所表示的人或物是"谁的"
    II.用法介绍
    形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,在句中只能用作定语,后面必须跟名词。
    【典例1】 This is (他的) pencil.
    如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词,就不能再用冠词(a,an,the)、指示代词(this,that,these,thse)等修饰词
    【典例2】这是她的的书桌。This is desk.
    与形容词一起修饰名词时,形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。
    【典例3】 English bks他的英语书, Chinese friends他们的中国朋友。
    4.汉语中经常会出现"我妈妈","你们老师"等这样的语言现象,虽然代词用的是"我"、"你们",但实际意义仍是"我的"、"你们的",所以在英译时,注意要用形容词性物主代词"my","yur"。
    【典例4】你妈妈在家吗?
    误:Is yu mther at hme?
    正:Is yur mther at hme?
    5.it's与its读音相同,he's与his读音相似,但使用时需注意它们的区别(it's和he's分别是it is和he is的缩略形式,但its和his却是形容词性物主代词)。
    【典例5】It's a bird. name is Plly.它是一只鸟。它的名字叫Plly
    He's a student. mther is a teacher.他是一名学生。他妈妈是一位教师
    6. 【形容词性物主代词的单、复数】:
    单数形式:my(我的),yur(你的),his/her/its(他的、她的、它的)。
    复数形式:ur(我们的),yur(你们的),their(他们的)
    【典例6】This is my English bk.(把句子变成复数)
    These are English bks.
    I.随堂练习。
    一 .写出以下单词的形容词性的物主代词
    yu. he. she .
    it. we yu. they.
    二. 翻译.
    1他的画_________ 2她的老师___________
    3它的名字____________ 4我的计算机___________
    5你的猫______________ 6她的书包______________
    三..写出下列词的相应形式.
    1.)his (主格)___________ 2).her(主格)___________
    3).this(反义词)___________ 4).d nt (缩写)____________
    5).gdbye (同义词)_______ 6).wh's(完全式)________
    四.写出下面句子正确的词.
    1.This is nt __________desk.My desk is ver there.
    2.—Can yu spell______name,Harry?—Srry.
    3.Tm and Jack are brthers. This is________ rm.
    4.We are in the same class.________classrm is very nice.
    5.Mrs Green is my teacher.I’m________student.
    6.Tm is in the rm.This is _______pencil-bx.
    7.Sam and Peter ,lk at______hands,They are s dirty.
    8.That’s a cat.________name is Mimi.
    9.---Mike,is this _______picture?---Yes,it is.
    10---Can we put __________cats here?---Yes,yu can.
    11.Mum,they are ____classmates Rse and ______brther David.
    12.Jack,where are ________scks?
    五.单项选择.
    ( )1.This is a girl ._________name is Lily.
    A.His B.She C.Her D.Its
    ( )2.This is WangFang.________is twelve.
    A.His B.She C.Her D.Its
    ( )3.I______a girl. _______name is Wang Hng.
    A.am;My B.is Her C.am Yur D.is;He
    ( )4.LiLei________a by. ________is in class
    A.am;He B.is She C.are;His D.is;He
    ( )5.Is the cat_____friend ? Yes,________.
    A.yur; it isn’t B.he it is C.yur;it is D.her;it isn’t
    ( )6. This is a bird. ,I dn’t knw _____name.
    A.its’ B.it’s C.it D.its
    ( )7.Hw ld is Sptty?-----_______ five.
    A.its’ B.It’s C.it D.its
    ( )8.what’s this? It’s ______pencil.
    A.my a B.a my C.my the D.my
    ( )9.I think _____ Mrs Wang.
    A.he’s B. His C.she’s D.it’s
    ( )10What’s that? -----_____ is a cat.
    A.He’s B. His C.She’s D.It’s
    六.用括号中所给词的正确形式填空:
    1.___ is a by. D yu knw ____ name?(he)
    2.___ is a parrt. ___ name is JiJi. (it)
    3.____father is an English teacher. ____ is my friend._____ name is Kitty. (she)
    4.Lily and _____ are in the same class. _____number is eleven.( I )
    5.Where is _____ teacher, d ____ knw?( yu)
    6.Are ____ _____ Japanese friends? N, ______ aren’t.( they)
    7.____ ld friend / ____ X / ____ U (a)
    8.This is a cat, but I dn’t knw_______ name.
    9.I’m a Chinese by. _______ name is Ma Weiping.
    10.Lk at that man. Can yu spell ______ name?
    11.I knw that wman. _____ bike is very Ye is nt here. Where’s _______?
    13.What is this in English ? Is ______ a dg ?
    14.----Are ______ Mrs Read ? -----Srry, _____ am Mr Black.
    15.Excuse ______, is _______a Japanese car?
    16._____ are a new student(学生). What’s ____ name?


    第3讲 名词性物主代词
    导入:This is nt my English bk. Mine is n the desk.
    This isn’t ur teacher. Ours is in the classrm.
    My math isn’t gd. Yurs is gd.
    Plly isn’t its name. Its name is Zhuli.
    I.名词性物主代词
    1.定义。名词性物主代词常用来代替前面已经提及的代词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”
    例:This is my bk. Where is yurs? My bk is different frm yurs.
    2.种类:
    单数:mine yurs his hers its
    复数 urs yurs theirs
    II.形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别。
    1. 最简单的区别方法:后面是名词的话,前面就要用形容词性物主代词。后面没有名词的话,就用名词性物主代词。
    【典例1.】 bk is new.(我的) is ld.(你的)
    2. 口诀 有“名”则"形“,无“名”则“名”。
    意思是:后面是名词的话,前面就要用形容词性物主代词。后面没有名词的话,就用名词性物主代词。
    3. 名词性物主代词起名词的作用。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。只有上文提及了某个名词,才会知道名词性物主代词指代的事物。
    【典例2.】 Yur pen is black. (my) is blue.
    4.形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,用在名词前。
    例:(1).This is my bk.这是我的书。
    (2).We lve ur mtherland.我们热爱我们的祖国。
    5.名词性物主代词起名词的作用。
    例:(1).Lk at the tw pencils. The red ne is yurs and the blue ne is mine.
    看那两支铅笔,红的是你的,蓝的是我的。
    (2).He likes my pen. He desn’t like hers.他喜欢我的钢笔。不喜欢她的。
    6.注意:在使用名词性物主代词时,必须有特定的语言环境,也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道,已经提起过。
    例: It's hers.是她的。
    There is a bk. It’s hers.那有本书。是她的。
    7. "名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词"为避免重复使用名词,有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。
    【典例3.】:My bag is yellw, her bag is red, his bag is blue and yur bag is pink.
    我的书包是黄色的,她的是红色的,他的书包是蓝色的,你的包是粉红色的。
    为避免重复使用bag,可写成My bag is yellw, is red, is blue and is pink.
    8.用法:(1)物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用。
    例如:Jhn had cut his finger; apparently there was a brken glass n his desk.
    约翰割破了手指,显而易见,他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。
    物主代词有形容词性(my,yur等)和名词性(mine,yurs等)两种,形容词性的物主代词属于限定词。名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的--'s属格结构。
    例如:Jack's cap=The cap is Jack's. =The cap is his.
    III名词性物主代词的句法功能
    a.作主语。
    例如:May I use yur pen? Yurs wrks better.
    我可以用一用你的钢笔吗?你的比我的好用。
    b.作宾语。
    例如:I lve my mtherland as much as yu lve yurs.
    我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。
    c.作介词宾语。
    例如:Yur shuld interpret what I said in my sense f the wrd, nt in yurs.
    你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话,而不能按你自己的意义去解释。
    d.作主语补语,(了解)
    例如:The life I have is yurs.It's yurs. It's yurs.我的生命属于你,属于你,属于你。
    V.能力拓展练习。
    A用适当的代词填空
    1.These are (他们的) bks.
    2.Thse bks are (他们的).
    3.Is this (你的)pht?
    4.Is this pht (你的)?
    5.Is this 她的)bag?
    6.Is this bag (她的)?
    7. (他们的)shes are ld.
    8.The ld shes are (他们的).
    9.This is (我的)pht.
    10.This pht is (我的).
    11.That is (你的)pht.
    12.That pht is (你的).
    13. (我们的) classrm is big.
    14.The big classrm is (我们的).
    15. (他的) hat is red.
    16.The red hat is (他的)
    B.用所给词的适当形式填空
    1. That is nt _ _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ _ is very big. ( I )
    2. The dress is . Give it t _ _. ( she )
    3. Is this _ _ watch? (yu) N, it’s nt _ _ . ( I )
    4. _ _ is my brther. _ _ name is Jack. Lk! Thse pens are _ . ( he )
    5. _ dresses are red. (we) What clur are _ _? ( yu )
    6. Here are many bxes, which ne is _ _ ? ( she )
    7. I can find my pen, but where’s _? ( yu )
    8 I have a beautiful cat. _ _name is Mimi. These cakes are _ . ( it )
    9. Shall _ _ have a lk at that classrm? That is _ _classrm. ( we )
    10. _ _ is my aunt. D yu knw _ _ jb? _ a student. ( she )
    11. That is nt _ _ watch. _ _is at hme. ( he )
    12. Where are _ _? I can’t find _ _. Let’s call _their _ parents. ( they )
    13. Dn’t tuch _ _. _ _ nt a cat, _ _ a tiger!(it)
    14. _ _ dn’t knw her name. Wuld yu please tell . ( we )
    15. S many dgs. Let’s cunt _ _. ( they )
    16. I have a lvely brther. _ _ is nly 3. I like _ _ very much. ( he )
    17.. May I sit beside _? ( yu )
    18. Lk at that desk. Thse bk are n _ _. ( it )
    C.、用am, is, are 填空
    1. I _ _ a by. _ _ yu a by? N, I _ _ nt.
    2. The girl_ _ Jack's sister.
    3. The dg _ _ tall and fat.
    4. The man with big eyes _ _ a teacher.
    5. _ _ yur brther in the classrm?
    6. Where _ yur mther? She _ _ at hme.
    7. Hw _ yur father?
    8. Mike and Liu Ta _ _ at schl.
    9. Whse dress _ _ this? 10. Whse scks _ _ they?
    11. That _ _ my red skirt.
    12. Wh _ _ I?
    13.The jeans _ _ n the desk.
    14. Here _ _ sme sweaters fr yu.
    15. The tw cups f milk _ _ fr me.
    16. Sme tea _ _ in the glass.
    18. Ga shan's shirt _ _ ver there.
    D.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词练习题
    ( )1. This is my bk. __ are ver there.
    A. Yur B. Yurs C. Yu D. Mine
    ( )2. Whse pen is it? It’s __.
    A. her B. hers C. she D. his
    ( )3. __ bag is new and __ is new, t.
    A. Our, he B. Ours, his C. My, his D. My, her
    ( )4. This rm is urs, and that ne is __.
    A. they B. them C. theirs D. their
    ( )5. Whse pencils are there? They’re __.
    A. my B. me C. mine D. ur
    ( )6. Is the new watch __? Yes, it’s __.
    A. yu, me B. yurs, mine C. yur, my D. yur, mine
    ( )7. Whse shes are these? They are __.
    A. me B. mine C. my
    ( )8. She is a student , __ name is Han Mei.
    A. its B. her C. hers D. his
    ( )9. It’s a dg. I dn’t knw __ name.
    A. its’ B. its C. it D. it’s
    ( )10. This ruler isn’t mine. I think it is __.
    A. he B. him C. his D. her
    ( )11.__ schlbag is beautiful. But __ is mre beautiful.
    A. Jims, my B. Jim’s, mine C. Jim’s, me D. Jims’, I
    ( )12. __ am a by and __ is a girl.
    A. My, she B. I, her C. I, she D. Mine, she
    ( )13.I like __ new dress.
    A. She B. her C. hers D. his
    ( )14.I ften help __ mther d __ husewrk(家务活)。
    A. me, she B. mine, her C. my, her D. I, hers
    ( )15.Is that __ hat? N, it’s nt __. It’s __.
    A. yur, my, Tms B. yu, mine, Tm’s C. yurs, mine, Tm D. yur, mine, Tm’s

    第4讲 人称代词的讲解及用法
    导入: I am a teacher. Yu are students.
    He is a little by. She is my sister.
    It is a bird. We are friends.
    I.定义.
    1. 人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词.
    2. 人称代词分主格和宾格。
    3.人称代词表格。
    II.人称代词的用法:
    .作主语,用主格。
    She is my classmate.
    .作宾语,用宾格。
    Her father lves her.
    .作表语,用主格,口语中常用宾格。
    Wh is it? It’s me.
    .作同位语,用主格和宾格。
    They study hard, she and he .
    The teacher lves them, her and him.
    【典例1】
    ___am Kitty. This is Amy. ___ is my classmate. ___ are gd friends.___ like playing vlleyball. __ is very interesting. Peter and Simn are my classmates, t. ____ like playing ftball very much. What d ____like?
    1.人称代词主格的用法
    人称代词用来代替表示人或事物的名词,以便不再重复使用名词。人称代词主格用来
    替作主语的名词。
    用法举例:
    1)My name is Millie. I live in Beijing. ( I代自己, Millie )
    2) Sandy , d yu knw where Mr Wu is? ( yu代对方,指Sandy )
    3)Simn lves ftball. He is a member f the ftball team. ( he 代 Simn)
    4) Millie lves Eddie. She lks after him every day. (she 代替 Millie)
    5)This bk is very interesting. It is abut cartns. (it 代替this bk)
    6)I am Daniel and this is Amy. We are in Class 1, Grade 7. (we 代替 Amy and I)
    7)“Simn and Millie, yu wrk tgether,” says Mr Wu. (yu 指对方,Simn and Millie)
    8)Daniel and Kitty g hme tgether. They live near each ther. (they 代替 Daniel and Kitty)
    【典例2】
    Sandy plays vlleyball every Tuesday, Thursday and Friday. ____ is at the
    vlleyball curt frm 4:00 p.m. t 5:00 p.m. Then ____ meets up with Simn and ____ d their hmewrk tgether.
    2.人称代词宾格的用法
    人称代词用来代替表示人或事物的名词,以便不再重复使用名词。人称代词宾格用来代替作动词或介词宾语的名词。
    1)All my friends are really great! I lve them very much. (them作lve这个动词的宾语,代替all my friends这个名词短语)
    2) My schl is very big. I like it very much. (it作动词like的宾语,代替my schl)
    【典例2】
    I am a teacher. My students like ___.
    Yu are students. I teach ___ English.
    She is a girl. We call ____ Shirley.
    He is a by. All the bys like ____ because he is gd at ftball.
    They are partners. Our English teacher likes t ask _____t read the dialgues.
    We are friends. Our classmates call __ sisters.
    3、人称代词的语序
    几个人称代词并列作主语时,它们的顺序是:
    单数形式(2,3,1) yu, he and I
    复数形式(1,2,3) we, yu and they
    在下面的表格中填上相应的代词
    IV.练习:
    一、用适当的人称代词填空:
    1. __________ is my aunt. We ften visit __________.
    2. China is a develping cuntry. _________ lies in the east f Asia.
    3. Prfessr Wang sets ________ a gd example. We must learn frm ________.
    4. What day is __________ tday? — __________ is Thursday.
    5. Hw far is the thunder ? — __________ is three kilmeters away.
    6. I wn a blue bike. The red ne desn’t belng t __________.
    7. These new huses are s nice. __________ are very expensive.
    8. __________ say that thse ld huses will be rebuilt.
    9. Is __________ the milkman at the dr? — Yes, that’s __________.
    10. The fishermen caught a lt f fish, didn’t __________?
    11. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary schl.
    Her brther lives with ____ and helps ____ t prepare the lessns.
    12. The ship is lying at anchr (停泊) . ____ cmes frm Shanghai.
    13. This pht f yur mther is very much like her. I like ____.
    14. Mike is my classmate. ____ is gd at physics .
    15. Kate wants a glass f milk. Will yu pass it t ____ ?
    16. What’s the weather like tday ? ____ is cludy.
    二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空
    1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday. Can I have ne f ____ ?
    2. Tell Tm nt t frget ____ bk. And yu mustn’t frget ____ .
    3. Gerge has lst ____ pen. Ask Mary if(是否)she will lend him ____ .
    4.. Jack has a dg and s have I. ____ dg and ____ had a fight (打架).
    5. The teacher wants yu t return that bk f ____
    6. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend f ____ are cming t see us.
    7. Mary wants t knw if(是否) yu’ve seen a pair f glves f ____ .
    8. We are ging t Paris t stay with a French friend f ____ .
    三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空
    A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空
    1. Yur ftball clthes are n the desk.
    Please put _________(they,them,their,theirs) away.
    2. (We,Us,Our,Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green.
    We all like _________(she,her,hers).
    3. (I,Me,My,Mine)_________ can’t get my kite.
    Culd yu help _________(I,me,my,mine)?
    4. Tm can’t get dwn frm the tree.
    Can yu help _________(he,him,his)?
    5. Her kite is brken. Can _________(yu,yur,yurs) mend it?
    6. We can’t find ur bikes.
    Can yu help _________(we,us,ur,urs)?
    7. These are _________(he,him,his) planes.
    The white nes are _________(I,me,mine).
    四、用括号中的适当形式填空
    A)(1)Are these ________(yu)pencils?
    Yes, they are ________(ur).
    (2)—Whse is this pencil?
    —It’s ________(I).
    (3)I lve ________(they)very much.
    (4)She is________(I)classmate.
    (5)Miss Li ften lks after________(she)brther.
    (6)—Are these ________(they)bags ?
    —N, they aren’t ________(their). They are ________(we).
    第5讲 助动词与BE动词的区别
    I.复习BE动词
    1、be动词的用法。
    beam / isare现在时
    waswere过去时
    单数复数
    英语中,be动词选用单数还是复数,要由主语来定,主语是单数,就用单数,
    反之用复数。
    ◆ 句中含有be动词时:
    肯定句: 主语+be + 其他
    否定句: 主语+ be + nt + 其他
    一般疑问句: Be +主语+其他 +?
    特殊疑问句: 疑问词(what / wh / when / where) + be +主语 + 其他 +?
    I am a teacher. Yu are right.
    She is 16 years ld. My father is at hme.
    The students are playing games. My teacher was ill yesterday.
    There is a picture n the wall.
    There are tw bks n the table.
    ★ be动词用法歌:
    我用am,你用are,is 连接他她它。 单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
    变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃; 变否定,更容易,be后nt莫忘记;
    疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
    ★ be动词作谓语,它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。
    II 助动词的用法。
    1.助动词:帮助一个句子构成否定句、疑问句,不充当任何成分和任何意义。
    2.初一年级的助动词一般是d/des.
    3.英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”,即,我们常说的“主语 +
    谓语 + 其他”。
    但要进行句型转换时,句中谓语为行为动词,就要借助助动词d/des.
    ① 主语为I 或复数名词、代词时:
    肯定句: I / We / They / The students + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。
    We watch TV every night.
    变否定: 主语+ dn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。
    We dn’t watch TV every night.
    一般疑问句 D + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
    D yu watch TV every night?
    Yes, we d. / N, we dn’t.
    特殊疑问句:疑问词 + d + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
    Hw ften d yu watch TV?
    ② 主语为单数名词或代词时:
    肯定句: 主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他 + 。
    He watches TV every night.
    否定句: 主语+ desn’t+动词原形+其他+。
    He desn’t watch TV every night.
    一般疑问句:Des + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
    Des he watch TV every night?
    Yes, he des. / N, he desn’t.
    特殊疑问句:疑问词 + des + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
    Hw ften des he watch TV?
    4.作为行为动词,跟其他动词一样,如study, play等。他的意思是“做”等。
    如: We usually d ur hmewrk in the afternn. He des his hmewrk in the evening.
    在这两句话中的d/des“做”的意思,且充当谓语,因此是行为动词。
    上面有一句He des his hmewrk in the evening.要是变成否定句就成了这个样子:
    He desn't d his hmewrk in the evening.
    这里加上了助动词desn't,而原来的主动词des变成原形d了。
    IV.练习
    一.用be动词适当的词填空。
    1. I ________ frm Australia.
    2. She _______ a student.
    3.Jane and Tm _________ my friends.
    4. My parents _______ very busy every day.
    5.I ______ an English teacher nw.
    6.Where _________ yu frm?
    7.The light _________ green.
    8.My name _________ Li Dng.I _________ twelve.
    9._________ they yur new friends?
    10. I ______ a by. ______ yu a by? N, I _____ nt.
    11. The girl______ Jack's sister.
    12. The dg _______ tall and fat.
    13. ______ yur brther in the classrm?
    14. Where _____ yur mther? She ______ at hme.
    15. Whse dress ______ this?
    16.That ______ my red skirt.
    17. Sme tea ______ in the glass.
    18.Ga shan's shirt _______ ver there.
    19.Wh ______ I?
    20. My sister's name ______Nancy.

    把下列动词变为第三人称单数形式。
    1.live_____ 2.like_____ 3.d_____ 4.wake_____ 5.watch_____
    6.play_____ 7.have_____ 8.eat_____ 9.wrk_____ 10.fly_____ 11.speak____ 12.g____ 13.sing_____ 14.wash_____ 15.study_____
    16.drive_____ 17.ride_____ 18.try_____
    三、选择填空。
    ( )1 . I usually _____a cake n Saturday.
    A.make B.makes C.making
    ( )2 . She _____ t play cars with her sister.
    A.want B.wanting C.wants
    ( )3 . We _____ g hme at 5:30 every day.
    A.desn’t B.aren’t C.dn’t
    ( )4 . Mr. Wang desn’t_____yellw.
    A.like B.likes C.liked
    ( )5 . The pupils _____ very well.
    A.dn’t sing B.aren’t sing C.desn’t sing
    ( )6 . Mike desn’t _____ that.
    A.des B.d C.\
    ( )7 . The bys _____their hmewrk after schl in the afternn.
    A.d B.des C.are
    ( )8 . My mther _____ TV in the afternn.
    A.watch B.watchs C.watches
    ( )9 . I _____ music very much.
    A.am B.like C.am like
    ( )10.. They _____ have Maths every day.
    A.\ B.des C.are
    ( )11 . Xiafang _____hard.
    A.wrk B.wrking C.wrks
    ( )12.. She _____ with her mather and father.
    A.is live B.isn’t live C.lives
    ( )13.. Tm and I _____ speak Chinese.
    A.desn’t B.dn’t C.des
    ( )14.. Li Ping _____ him every day.
    A.desn’t see B.see C.dn’t see
    第6讲 一般现在时的讲解及用法
    导入:I like English. He des his hmewrk every day.
    They are friendly. We dn’t fight with each ther.

    I、 定义与讲解
    1.一般现在时:表示经常性的事情,经常性的动作或一般性事实。
    2.时间状语:ften 经常,usually通常,always 总是,every每个,smetimes 有时,at …在几点钟
    3.只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”,其他用动词的原形。
    三单变化:
    )多数在动词后+s play — plays like — likes
    (1)直接在动词词尾加-s. ask---asks wrk---wrks get---gets stay---stays
    (2)以字母s, x, ch, sh或结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es.
    watch---watches wish---wishes fix---fixes d---des g---ges pass---passes
    (3)以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es.
    try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies
    2.)不规则变化:be---- is are have----has
    II、一般现在时用法
    1.表示经常性,习惯性,永久性的动作或存在的状态.通常与副词smetimes, ften,
    usually, always, every day (year, mnth ), nce (twice, three times) a day,等时间状语连用。
    They usually g t schl by bike.
    I take the medicine three times a day.
    She helps her mther nce a week.
    Mary’s father is a pliceman.
    There are 50 students in my class.
    2. 表示客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,等客观事实或格言,谚语等。
    The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.
    The man wh has never been t the Great Wall is nt a real man.
    Tmrrw is Tuesday.
    III、一般现在时的句子转换:
    (1)当句子中有be动词或情态动词时,则把be动词或情态动词(can,culd等等)
    提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加nt变成否定句.
    例:①陈述句:She is a student.
    疑问句→ Is she a student?
    否定句→ She is nt a student.
    ②陈述句:I can swim.
    疑问句→ Can yu swim
    否定句→ I can nt swim.
    (2) 当句子中即没有be动词,也没有情态动词时,则在主语前加助动词d (yu,
    以及复数), des(单 数she,he,it)变成问句;在主语后谓语动词前加助动词dn’t(I,yu,以及复数), desn’t(单数she,he,it)变成否定句,助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。
    例:①陈述句:We get up at 7:00 every mrning.
    疑问句→D yu get up at 7:00 every mrning?
    否定句→We dn’t get up at 7:00 every mrning.
    ②陈述句:She has a little brther.
    助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。
    例:①陈述句:We get up at 7:00 every mrning.
    疑问句→D yu get up at 7:00 every mrning?
    否定句→We dn’t get up at 7:00 every mrning.
    ②陈述句:She has a little brther.
    疑问句→ Des she have a little brther?
    否定句→ She desn’t have a little brther.
    V.随堂练习
    A 写出第三人称单数:
    wash_________ match _______guess______ study______
    finish_________ g________ snw______ carry_________
    B. 用所给动词的适当形式填空:
    1. He________ TV every evening. (watch)
    2. We always ________ t schl n ft. (g)
    3. Tm, with his classmates, ften ______ ftball after schl. (play)
    4. Yur shes _______ under the bed. (be)
    5. ______ here and ______ by me. (cme, stand)
    6. His uncle usually _________ t wrk by bus. (g)
    7. I always ______ up at six in the mrning.(get)
    8. Jhn ________ like his father. (lk)
    C 完成句子
    根据所给中文意思,在空白处填入适当词语完成句子。
    1.该吃晚饭了。
    it’s time t ________ ________.
    2.你想来点儿面包吗?
    wuld yu ________ sme ________ ?
    3.安娜太小,还不能上学。
    Ann is ________ yung ________ g t schl.
    4.约翰跑得和我一样快。
    jhn runs ________ fast ________ me.
    5.布莱克太太经常在英语上帮助我们。
    Mrs. black ften ________ us ________ ur English .
    6.老师让我们每天说英语。
    the teacher tells us ________ ________ English every day.
    7.为什么不让孩子们做他们喜欢的事情?
    ________ ________ let the children d what they like?
    D、用词的适当形式填空。
    1.What time_________ his father_________(d) the wrk?
    2.He _________(get) up at five ’clck.
    3.__________ yu _________(brush) yur teeth every mrning.
    4.What ________ ( d ) he usually ________( d ) after schl?
    5.Tm ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at schl.
    6. Kitty smetimes __________(g) t the park with his sister.
    7.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with her parents.
    8. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day?
    9.Hw many lessns________ yur classmates______( have ) n Mnday?
    10.We ften___________ ( play ) ftball in the playgrund.
    E.选择
    ( ) 1. _____ yu have a bk?
    A. D B. Are C. Is D. Have
    ( )2. They _________ n a farm.
    A. wrking B. is wrk C. wrk D. is wrked
    ( ) 3. Des Peter like t watch TV? __________.
    A.Yes, he like B. N, he desn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. N, he likes
    ( )4. She desn’t __________ her hmewrk in the afternn.
    A. ding B. t d C. des D. d
    ( )5. Hw ____________ Mr. Brwn ___________ t America?
    A. d,g B. is,g C. des,g D. des,ges
    ( )6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it.
    A. am nt finding B. am nt seeing C. can’t find D. can’t lk at
    ( )7. Hw ___________ he g t wrk? He ___________ t wrk by bike.
    A. des g B. d;ges C. d g D. des;ges
    ( )8. ______ yu usually late fr schl? N, _____________.
    A. D I am B. Des nt C. Are I’m nt D. Are I aren’t
    ( )9. _____ she _____ hme at six every day?
    A. Is , leave B. Des , leave C. Is , leaves D. Des , left
    ( )10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term.
    A.teaches ur B. teaches us C. teachs us D. teach ur
    F:按照要求改写句子
    1. Li Ming watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________
    2. I d my hmewrk every day.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
    _______________________________________________________
    3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答) ___________________________
    4. Amy’s mther likes playing cmputer games.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
    ___________________________________________________
    5. We g t schl every mrning.(改为否定句)____________________________
    第7讲 名词复数(1)
    导入:Beijing,China,Lucy, Lily;
    bk,sadness
    I. 名词
    名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词,
    专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。
    普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:bk,sadness等。
    普通名词又可分为下面四类:
    1)个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。
    2)集体名词:表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。
    3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。
    4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:wrk。
    个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词
    一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词。
    II.名词复数的规则变化情况
    构成方法 读音 例词
    1.一般情况 加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ map-maps
    浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars
    2.以s, sh, ch, x等结尾 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches
    3.以ce, se, ze,等结尾 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses
    4.以辅音字母+y结尾 变y 为i再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies
    III. 其它名词复数的规则变化
    1) 以元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。
    例如:mnkey---mnkeys hliday---hlidays
    2) 以 结尾的名词,变复数时:
    a. 加s,如: pht---phts pian---pians radi---radis z---zs;
    b. 加es,如:ptat--ptates tmat--tmates
    c. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如 zer---zers / zeres。
    3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:
    a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs rf---rfs safe---safes gulf---gulfs;
    b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wlf---wlves
    wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves;
    c. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。
    IV名词复数的不规则变化
    1) child---children ft---feet tth---teeth muse---mice man---men wman---wmen
    注意:由一个词加 man 或 wman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-wmen,
    如an Englishman,tw Englishmen。
    但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bwman是姓,其复数是the Bwmans。
    2)单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,tw li,
    three mu,fur jin等。
    但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如
    a dllar, tw dllars; a meter, tw meters。
    3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:
    peple plice cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a peple,a plice,a cattle,
    但可以说a persn,a pliceman,a head f cattle, the English,the British,the French,
    the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,
    如The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
    4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
    a. maths,plitics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。
    b. news 为不可数名词。
    c. the United States,the United Natins 应视为单数。
    The United Natins was rganized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
    5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trusers, clthes等,若表达具
    体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair f glasses; tw pairs f trusers等。
    另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:gds货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。
    V.随堂练习
    一、请写出下列词的复数形式。
    city _______ z ________ cuntry ________ tth ________ muse _________
    by _________ brm ______ car __________ tree____________ hrse _________ bus_________ fx _________ branch ________ baby ___________ family _________
    dish ________ radi _______ pht _________ pian ___________ knife __________
    eat _________ life _________ thief __________ man ____________ wman _________
    child ________ ft this ___________ watch____________ diary___________ day__________ bk________ dress__________ sheep___________ tea____________ bx__________ strawberry_____________________ peach___________ sandwich____________ paper_________ juice________ water___________ milk_____________ rice_____________ peple __ CD ___ deer____________ fish_____________
    二、单项选择
    ( )1. The __ in ur yard are very beautiful.
    A. clth B. water C. flwers
    ( )2. Tm is ne f the Chinese _____ in ur schl.
    A. by B. bys C. bies
    ( )3. A cat has fur ____ , desn't it?
    A. fts B. feet C. feets
    ( )4. There are three ____ and five _____ in the rm.
    A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Japanese
    ( )5. Can yu see nine ____ in the picture?
    A. fish B. bk C. hrs
    ( )6. The _____ has tw______.
    A. by; watch B. by; watches C. bys; watch
    ( )7. The _____ are flying back t their cuntry.
    A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans
    ( )8. The girl brushes her _____ every day befre she ges t bed.
    A. tths B. teeth C. teeths
    ( )9.I saw many _____ in the street.
    A. peples B.peple C.peple’s
    ( )10.The green sweater is his _________.
    A.brther B.brthers C.brther’s
    四.填入所给名词的正确形式
    1. I have tw____________ (knife)
    2. There are many ___________ here. (bx)
    3. There are many ___________ n the rad. (bus)
    4. A few ___________ are drawing n the wall. (by)
    5. The ______________ are playing ftball nw. (child)
    6. Please take tw _______________ fr me. (pht)
    7. I like the red ________________.(tmat)
    8. Wuld yu please clean yur _____________ nw? (tth)
    9. D yu want sme _________? (milk)
    10. There are ten __________ _________in ur schl. (wman teacher)


    第8讲 名词复数(2)
    导入:fd water tea advice
    students reading-rm; men wrkers wmen teachers gentlemen fficials

    I. 不可数名词量的表示
    1)物质名词
    a.当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。
    比较:Cake is a kind f fd. 蛋糕是一种食物。 (不可数)
    These cakes are sweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。 (可数)
    b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数。例如:
    This factry prduces steel. (不可数)
    We need varius steels. (可数)
    c. 当物质名词表示份数时,可数。例如:
    Our cuntry is famus fr tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。
    Tw teas, please. 请来两杯茶。
    抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。
    例如: fur freedms 四大自由 the fur mdernizatins四个现代化
    物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量,
    例如:a glass f water 一杯水/ a piece f advice 一则建议。
    II. 定语名词的复数
    名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。
    1) 用复数作定语。例如:
    sprts meeting 运动会 students reading-rm 学生阅览室
    talks table 谈判桌 the freign languages department 外语系
    2) man, wman, gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。
    例如:men wrkers wmen teachers gentlemen fficials
    3)有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。
    例如: clthes brush 衣刷
    数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。
    例如: tw-dzen eggs 两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路
    tw-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan. 一个五年计划
    III.不同国籍人的单复数
    国籍总称(谓语用复数) 单数 复数
    中国人 the Chinese a Chinese tw Chinese
    瑞士人 the Swiss a Swiss tw Swiss
    澳大利亚人 the Australians an Australian tw Australians
    俄国人 the Russians a Russian tw Russians
    意大利人 the Italians an Italian tw Italians
    希腊人 the Greek a Greek tw Greeks
    法国人 the French a Frenchman tw Frenchmen
    日本人 the Japanese a Japanese tw Japanese
    美国人 the Americans an American tw Americans
    印度人 the Indians an Indian tw Indians
    加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian tw Canadians
    德国人 the Germans a German tw Germans
    英国人 the English an Englishman tw Englishmen
    瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede tw Swedes
    IV. 名词的格
    英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,
    如:a teacher's bk。名词所有格的规则如下:
    1)单数名词词尾加"'s",复数名词词尾没有s,也要加"'s",如the by's bag 男孩的书包,
    men's rm 男厕所。
    2) 若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加" ' ",如:the wrkers' struggle 工人的斗争。
    3) 凡不能加"'s"的名词,都可以用"名词+f +名词"的结构来表示所有关系,
    如:the title f the sng 歌的名字。
    在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,
    如:the barber's 理发店。
    如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示"分别有";只有一个's,则表示'共有'。
    例如: Jhn's and Mary's rms(两间) Jhn and Mary's rm(一间)
    6) 复合名词或短语,'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。例如:a mnth r tw's absence
    VI.练习。
    一.请把下列各词变成复数形式。
    1、her 2、ptat 3、match 4、by
    5、city 6、kangar 7、radi 8、z
    9、pht 10、leaf ______ 11、knife 12、scarf
    13、muth 14、man ____ 15、ft 16、tth
    17、child 18、muse 19、wman 20、Chinese
    21、sheep 22、fish 23、glass
    二.请填空。
    1.I________(have gt )many new ________(friend).
    2.She______(have gt )fur ________(pht).
    3.They________(have gt )a_______(teacher).
    4.It________(have gt )fur______(leg).
    5.Tw birds_____(be)black.One bird_____(be)yellw.
    三.练习题:
    ( )1、All the peple at the cnference are______。
    A.math teachers B.mathcs teachers C.mathcs teacher Dmath’s teachers
    ( )2、All the______ in the hspital gt a rise last mnth。
    A.wmen dctrs B.wmen dctr C.wman dctrs D.wman dctr
    ( )3、---Are there any________n the farm? ---Yes,there are sme。
    A.hrse B.duck C.chicken D.sheep
    ( )4、---They are thirsty. Will yu please give them______? ---Certainly。
    A.sme bttles f waters B.sme bttles fwater
    C.sme bttle f water D.sme bttle f waters
    ( )5、Mike hurt ne f his______in the accident yesterday。
    A.tth B.feet C.hand D.ear
    ( )6、There is sme_______ n the plate。
    A.cakes B.meat C.ptat D.pears
    ( )7、The little baby has tw_______ already。
    A.tth B.tths C.teeth D.teeths
    ( )8、We need sme mre____.Can yu g and get sme,please?
    A.ptat B.ptats C.ptates D.ptate
    ( )9、Please remember t give the hrse sme tree___
    A.leafs B.leaves C.leaf D.leave
    ( )10、He gave us____n hw t keep fit。
    A.sme advices B.sme advice C.an advice D.a advice
    ( )11、Please pass me_____.
    A.tw glass f water B.tw glasses f waters C.tw glasses f water D.tw glass water
    ( )12、There are a lt f_______ dwn there but hardly any _______。
    A.sheeps,peple B.sheep,peple C.sheeps,peples D.sheep,peples
    ( )13、This table is made f__________。
    A.many glass B.glasses C.sme glasses D.glass
    ( )14、______can get a better view f the game than the participants。
    A.Lker-n B.Lkers-n C.Lker-ns D.Lkers-ns
    ( )15、Sme______ are flying kites near the river。
    A.child B.by C.bys D.childs
    ( )16、Mr.Smith always has________ t tell us.
    A.sme gd pieces f news B.sme pieces f gd news
    C.sme gd piece f news D.sme piece f gd news
    ( )17、Twelve_______were hurt,but n_________were lst in that accident。
    A.persn;life B.peple;lives C.peples;lives D.persns;life
    ( )18、In the view f the freign experts,there wasn’t____il here。
    A.much B.lts f C.a great deal f D.many
    ( )19、The plice investigated thse_____abut the accident。
    A.stander-by B.standers-by C.stander-bys D.standers-bys
    ( )20、Generally there are______televisin prgrams fr children n Saturday。
    A.little B.much C.a large number f D.a large amunt f
    第9讲 英语冠词的用法
    导入:a bk ;a university; an hur; an ld man; the sun ;the mn

    I .冠词的分类
    冠词可以分为不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)和零冠词(不用冠词)。
    II.不定冠词的用法
    不定冠词a (an)表示的意思是“一个”。a用于辅音音素开头的词前;
    a bk a man a useful pen
    而an则用于元音音素开头的词前。
    an apple an range an hur an ld man
    注意:这里讲的音素指的是发音,不是指辅音字母。
    1.用于可数名词的单数形式前,表示“一”。
    There is an apple n the plate.
    a. a (an) 虽表示“一个”,但不强调数量,而是强调类别;ne则强调数量。
    例:I bught a cmputer. 我买了一台电脑。(不是收音机和电视机)
    I bught ne cmputer. 我买了一台电脑。 (不是两台)
    Wuld yu like an ice cream? 来一客冰淇淋好吗?(不是别的食物)
    She gave ne ice cream t them each. 她给他们每人一客冰淇淋。(不是两根)
    b. 表示数量对比时,要用ne, 不用a(an)。
    我有一支红铅笔,但是他有三支。
    I have a red pencil, but she has three. (误)
    I have ne red pencil, but she has three. (正)
    我只需要一美元,但他给了我两美元。
    I nly want a dllar, but he has given me tw. (误)
    I nly want ne dllar, but he has given me tw. (正)
    2.表示一类人或物。
    A dg is a cute animal.
    3.第一次提到某人或某物。
    This is an English-Chinese dictinary.
    A girl wants t see yu. 一位姑娘要见你。
    4.用于专有名词前,表示不认识某人
    A Zhang called yu just nw. 一位姓张的刚才给你打电话。
    A Mr. Smith wanted t see yu. 有位史密斯先生想要见你。
    5.表示身份、职业
    不定冠词用于单数名词前表示身份、职业,尤其用在作表语或补足语的名词前。
    例:She is a high schl teacher. Her name is Li Fang. 她是一位中学教师,名叫李芳。
    The Whites wanted their daughter t be a musician. 怀特夫妇想要他们的女儿成为音乐家。
    提示
    表示某个职位在某一时期内只有一人担任,或表示某人的头衔,则不用冠词。
    例:He is captain f the team. 他是球队队长。
    Zhang Fei, mnitr f their class, is gd at English. 张飞是他们的班长,英语很棒。
    6. 用在表示自然现象的名词前
    这类名词前有形容词修饰时,可用不定冠词,表示“一场,一阵,一种”
    例:A cld wind is blwing frm the nrth. 冷风从北方吹来。
    There was a heavy rain last night. 昨晚下了一场大雨。
    A heavy snw is falling utside. 外面正下着大雪。
    注意:这类名词表示一般物质时,不用冠词。
    例:Rain falls in summer; snw falls in winter. 夏天下雨,冬天下雪。
    Man can't live withut air. 没有空气人不能活。
    7. 在一些固定搭配中
    a lt f/ a little/ a few/ a pair f/ a set f 等
    III、定冠词的用法
    定冠词(the)是 this/these/that/thse的总称,放在名词前,表示特定的事物
    或人。定冠词the,在以辅音音素开头的词前读作[ðə], 在以元音音素开头的
    词前读作[ði]。
    例:the table 那张桌子
    the animal 那只动物
    1.第二次提到某人或某物,用定冠词the
    Lk! There is a ball under the table. The ball is mine.
    2.用于指说话双方都知道的事物或人。
    Please clse the dr!
    3.表示世上独一无二的事物。
    The earth ges arund the sun.
    4.定冠词放在姓氏复数前,表示“……一家”。
    The Greens are frm Australia.
    5.定冠词后接单数名词表示一类人或物。
    The dg is a kind f cute animal.
    提示
    不定冠词+单数名词,不带冠词的复数名词也可表示一类人或物。
    例:A car runs faster than a bus. 小汽车比公交车跑得快。
    Cars run faster than buses.
    A dg is a faithful animal. 狗是忠实的动物。
    Dgs are faithful animals.
    6. 定冠词和形容词连用,也可以代表某类人或物。
    the pr the bad the rich the gd
    7. 演奏某项乐器时,乐器前需加the。如:
    play the drums/play the pian/ play the vilin
    8.用在表示方向、方位的名词前
    例:The birds are flying t the nrth. 这些鸟向北方飞去。
    The mn rises in the east and sets in the west. 月亮从东方升起,在西方落下。
    The wind was blwing frm the suth. 风从南方吹来。
    She lived t the west f the Summer Palace. 她住在颐和园的西边。
    Walk alng the rad and take the first turning n the right. 沿着这条路往前走,在第一
    个路口往右拐。
    He std at the back f the dr. 他站在门背后。
    提示
    方位词成对使用构成平行结构时,不用定冠词。
    例:The river is tw thusand kilmeters lng frm west t east. 这条河自西向2000公里长。
    They traveled thrugh the cuntry frm suth t nrth. 他们自南向北在这个国家旅行。
    9.在一些固定搭配中。如:
    in the mrning in the afternn 在下午
    in the evening 在晚上 all the year rund 一年到头
    V.练习
    一.在空白处填入a / an 或the。
    1. ---Mum, what shall we have fr _______dinner?
    ---Dumplings.
    ---Oh, what _______ wnderful dinner! I enjy it very much.
    2. _________ PLA was funded n __________August 1st,1927
    3. _______ Kings came t us at _________ nn.
    4. The scientists frm ________ United States live in __________ Ninth Street.
    5. The dctr t him, "Take ________ medicine twice ________day. Stay in
    _________ bed and yu'll be better sn."
    6. September 10th is ____________ Teachers' Day.
    7. Mr Black arrived here n __________ Tuesday mrning.
    8. There are fur seasns in _______year. ________ first seasn is spring.
    It is __________ best ne f _ _________ fur.
    9. Sme peple have been t _________mn, in _______ spaceship.
    10. _______ China is _________ ld cuntry with _________ lng histry
    二、选择填空:( A. / B. a C. an D. the)
    1.They are living ______happy life nw.
    2.______bag n ______desk is mine.
    3.There is ______empty bx n the table.
    4.D yu like ______music f the film "Titanic"?
    5.On ______Saturday, I stay in ______bed till 12:00.
    6.______Brwns have been t China twice.
    7.Dn't make any nise in ______class.
    8.This is such ______interesting stry that yu must listen t it.
    9.Next week they will g t Australia by ______air.
    10.Which is bigger, ______sun r ______mn?
    三、在空白处填入a / an或the。
    1. This mrning I bught _____ newspaper and _____ magazine. _______ newspaper is
    in my bag but I dn't knw where I put ______ magazine.
    2.I saw ______ accident this mrning. ______ car crashed int ______ tree. ______
    driver f ______ car wasn't hurt but ______ car was badly damaged.
    3. There are tw cars parked utside: ______ blue ne and _______ grey ne. _______
    blue ne is my neighbur's; I dn't knw wh ______ wner f _______ grey ne is.
    4. My friends live in _______ ld huse in _______ small village. There is _______ beautiful
    garden behind _______ huse. I wuld like t have ______ garden like that.

    第十讲 零冠词用法讲解与练习零冠词
    导入:play fball in January have lunch
    同学们,这些横线上可以填写冠词吗?
    I.零冠词是指名词前面没有不定冠词、定冠词,也没有其他限定词的现象
    II. 名词前不用冠词的情况
    1 专有名词前不用冠词
    专有名词前不用定冠词,包括人名、地名、月份、周日、节日等。
    Spring is cming. 春天就要到了。
    These birds fly t the suth in winter. 这些鸟冬天飞往南方。
    She came n Friday. 她星期五来的。
    提示
    a 如果月份、季节名词带有修饰语,表示特定的时间,要加定冠词。季节名词在上
    下文中表示特定的一段时间,要加定冠词。
    例:They built the bridge in the spring f 2003. 他们是在2003年的春天修建这座桥的。
    The fire brke ut n the Friday when they were nt at hme.
    失火是在星期五,当时他们不在家。
    These animals eat nthing all thrugh the winter. 这些动物整个冬天都不吃东西。
    b 但要说the Spring Festival(春节),以festival组成的节日名称前要加the.
    例:the Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节
    the Dragn-bat Festival 端午节
    2 物质名词表示一般概念时,不用冠词
    例:Water bils at 100℃. 水在摄氏100度沸腾。
    Rice is grwn in the suth. 南方种水稻。
    They are shrt f fd. 他们缺少食物。
    提示
    a 如果物质名词表示特指或有定语修饰,则要加定冠词。
    比:Snw is falling hard. 雪正下得很大。
    The snw in the field has melted. 田里的雪已经融化了。
    She likes milk very much. 她非常喜欢喝牛奶。
    The milk in the bttle has gne sur. 瓶里的牛奶酸了。
    b 物质名词用于表示“一客、一杯、一份、一种、一阵”时,要用不定冠词。
    例:I'd like an ice cream. 我要一客冰淇淋。
    A tea and tw cffees, please. 请来一杯茶、两杯咖啡。
    There was a heavy rain this mrning. 今天早上下了一场大雨。
    3 抽象名词表示一般概念时,不用冠词
    例: Des he like music? 他喜欢音乐吗?
    Knwledge is pwer. 知识就是力量。
    Failure is the mther f success. 失败乃成功之母。
    提示
    a 抽象名词有定语修饰,表示特指时,要加定冠词。
    例:I like the music f the TV play. 我喜欢这部电视剧中的音乐。
    b 抽象名词表示“一种,一类,一次,一番,一例”等概念时,要加不定冠词。
    例:Maths is a science. 数学是一门科学。
    He lives a happy life. 他过得幸福的生活。
    She has a gd knwledge f English. 她精通英语。
    Let's g fr a swim. 我们去游泳吧。
    He had a wash first. 他先洗了洗。
    4 表示一日三餐的名词前不用冠词
    例:I usually have breakfast at seven. 我通常在七点钟吃早饭。
    He desn't have lunch at hme. 他通常不在家吃午饭。
    Dinner is ready. 饭准备好了。
    提示
    a 三餐名词前有定语修饰时,特指某一餐,要用不定冠词。
    例:We had a wnderful lunch. 我们吃了一顿很丰盛的午餐。
    They had a nice dinner last night. 他们昨晚吃了一顿丰盛的饭。
    b 表示某一次具体的餐食,要用定冠词。
    例:The lunch was cked well. 那顿午饭做得很好。
    Did yu enjy the dinner at his huse? 他家的饭你喜欢吗?
    c meal 常同不定冠词连用,泛指一顿饭。
    例:She cks a ht meal in the evening. 晚上她总会烧一顿热饭。
    He had a big meal at his uncle's. 他在叔叔家大吃了一顿。
    5 表示体育运动、棋牌的名词前不用冠词
    例:He plays ftball after schl. 他放学后踢足球。
    The students are playing basketball ver there. 学生们在那边打篮球。
    He is gd at playing chess. 他象棋下得好。
    They play cards n Sundays. 他们常有星期天打牌。
    6 表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词
    例:She teaches English in a middle schl. 她在一所中学教英语。
    Chemistry is nt easy t learn. 化学不容易学。
    Can yu speak Japanese? 你会说日语吗?
    We have Chinese and mathematics in the mrning. 我们上午学习语文和数学。
    7 表示称呼语、职位、头衔的名词前不用冠词
    例:Where are my shes, mm? 我的鞋在哪里,妈妈?
    Tm, g and fetch sme water. 汤姆,去弄点水来。
    Nw children, listen t me carefully. 孩子们,请认真听我讲。
    Mr. Xu teaches us maths. 徐老师教我们数学。
    President Li will cme t ur class. 李校长将来我们班。
    He was nce mayr f the city. 他曾经是这个市的市长。
    They made him mnitr. 他们让他当班长。
    Jhn was captain f the team. 约翰是队长。
    8 .某些个体名词,如:schl, church, hspital, bed, prisn, table等,表示抽象意义
    或相关的活动时,不加冠词;而如果表示具体地点,则要加定冠词。
    例:The children g t schl at seven every mrning. 孩子们每天早晨7点钟上学。
    Father went t the schl t see Mr. Chen. 父亲去学校看望陈老师。
    I g t bed at abut eleven. 我大约11点钟睡觉。
    He sat n the bed and watched TV. 他坐在床上看电视。
    They are in church nw. 他们正在做礼拜。
    I passed the church n my way hme. 我回家的路上经过那个教堂。
    He was sent t prisn fr stealing. 他因偷窃而坐牢。
    At the end f rad yu can see the prisn. 在路的尽头,你能看见那所监狱。
    The Wangs are at table. 王家一家人在吃饭。
    Is this the table yu bught yesterday? 这就是你昨天买的那张桌子吗?
    I went t twn t d sme shpping yesterday. 我昨天进城购物。
    He was brn in the twn fifteen years ag. 他15年前出生在那座小城里。
    He is seriusly ill and must be sent t hspital at nce. 他病得很重,必须马上送医院。
    He is ging t the hspital t buy sme medicine. 他打算去医院买些药。
    g t cllege 上大学
    g t the cllege 去那所大学(办事)
    g t (the) market t buy fd 上市场买菜
    n the market 出售
    提示
    a. 在cinema, theatre 前常要用定冠词。
    例:She went t the cinema (/mvies) nce a week. 她每周看一次电影。
    They went t the theatre last night. 他们昨晚去看戏了。
    He prefers the cinema t the theatre. 他喜欢看电影,不喜欢看戏。
    b. in frnt f 表示“在……前面”,相当于befre, 而in the frnt f 则表示“在
    某物内部的前部”。
    例:The driver saw a by standing in frnt f the bus.
    司机看见一个男孩站在公共汽车的前面。
    The drive sat in the frnt f the bus. 司机坐在公共汽车的前部。
    9. 表示一类人或物的复数名词前不用冠词
    例:Birds are ur friends. 鸟是我们的朋友。
    We are fnd f sprts. 我们喜爱运动。
    Teachers shuld be kind t their students. 教师应该对学生友善。
    Bys are usually strnger than girls. 男孩子通常比女孩子力气大。
    提示
    表示某一类人或物时,可用下面三种方法:
    狗是忠实的动物。
    The dg is a faithful animal. (用定冠词)
    A dg is a faithful animal. (用不定冠词)
    Dgs are faithful animals. (用复数形式,不加定冠词)
    10.名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格时,
    不可再加冠词。
    例:这是我的书。
    This is a my bk. (误)
    This is my bk. (正)
    汤姆的母亲是一位医生。
    The Tm's mther is a dctr. (误)
    Tm's mther is a dctr. (正)
    Which bus did yu take? 你乘哪路公交车?
    11. 家庭成员mther, father, uncle, aunt 等家庭成员名称前不用冠词.
    例: Mther is watering the flwers. 妈妈在浇花。
    Father has gne fishing. 父亲钓鱼去了。
    Uncle bught a ty fr me. 舅舅给我买了一个玩具。
    Nurse is kissing Baby. 阿姨在亲吻宝宝。零冠词的用法
    She is a singer and dancer. 她是歌唱家,同时也是舞蹈家。
    They are a singer and a dancer. 他们是一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。
    The teacher and writer has cme. 那位教师兼作家已经来了。
    The teacher and the writer have cme. 那位教师和那位作家已经来了。
    It is an English and Chinese dictinary. 这是一本英汉词典。
    They are an English and a Chinese dictinary. 它们是一本英语词典和一本汉语词典。
    12.在固定搭配中,名词前不需要用冠词。如:
    g t schl g t bed sit at table stay in bed
    II.选择填空。
    ( ) 1.—Des Jim have _______ ruler?
    —Yes,he has _______ .
    A.an;sme B.a;ne C.a;/ D.any;ne
    ( )2.There is _______ ld bike. _______ ld bike is Mr Zha's.
    A.an ;The B.the;An C.a;The D.the;The
    ( )3. _______ apple a day keeps the dctrs aw ay.
    A.The B.A C.An D.Tw
    ( )4.—Hw many bks d yu have?
    —I have _______ bk.That's _______ English bk.
    A.a;an B.a;ne C.ne;an D.ne;ne
    ( )5.At that time Tm was _______ ne-year-ld baby.
    A.a B.an C.the D./
    ( )6. _______ tiger is _______ China.
    A.The;a B.A;the C.The;frm D.The;the
    ( ) 7.We can't see _______ sun at _______ night.
    A.the;the B.the;/ C.a;/ D./;/
    ( )8. _______ useful bk it is!
    A.What an B.Hw a C.What a D.What
    ( )9.One afternn he fund _______ handbag.
    There was ___ “s”n the crner f _______ handbag.
    A.a;an;the B.a;a;the C.an;an;an D.the;a;a
    ( ) 10. _______ ld lady with white hair spke _______ English well at ____ meeting.
    A.An;an;a B.The;/;an C.The;/;a D.The;/;the
    ( )11. _______ Great Wall is _______ lngest wall in the wrld.
    A.A;a B.The;the C.A;the D.The;a
    ( ) 12. _______ new bridge has been built ver Huangpu River.
    A.The;a B.A;/ C.A;the D.An;the
    ( )13. _______ wman ver there is _______ ppular teacher in ur schl.
    A.A;an B.The;a C.The;the D.A;the
    ( )14.He used t be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer.
    A.a;a B.a;the C./;a D.a;/
    ( ) 15.They made him _______ king.
    A.a B.the C.an D./
    ( ) 16.His father is _______ English teacher.He wrks in ur schl.
    A.a B.an C.the D./
    ( ) 17.Is he _______ American by ?
    A.an B.a C.ne D./
    ( ) 18.Des Tm ften play _______ ftball after _______ schl?
    A./;/ B./;the C.the;/ D.a;/
    ( ) 19.They passed ur schl _______ day befre yesterday.
    A.an B.ne C.a D.the
    ( ) 20.Australia is _______ English-speaking cuntry.
    A.a B.an C.the D./
    ( ) 21.She has _______ range skirt. _______ skirt is nice.
    A.a;The B.an;The C.an;A D.the;The
    ( )22.This is _______ apple.It's _______ big apple.
    A.an;a B.a;the C.a;an D.an;the
    ( )23.Lk at _______ hrse ver there.
    A.a B.an C.the D./
    ( )24.Dn't play _______ basketball here.It's dangerus.
    A.a B.an C./ D.the
    ( )25.There is _______ ld wman in the car.
    A./ B.the C.a D.an
    ( ) 26.Beijing is _______ beautiful city.It's _______ capital f China.
    A.a;a B.the;the C./;the D.a;the
    ( )27.Shanghai is in _______ east f China.
    A./ B.an C.a D.the
    ( )28.I've been a student there fr nearly tw and _______ half years.
    A.a B.an C.the D./
    ( )29.Bill is _______ English teacher.He likes playing _______ ftball.
    A.a;the B.an;the C.a;/ D.an;/
    ( )30.The museum is quite far.It will take yu half ___ hur t get there by ___ bus.
    A.an;/ B.an;a C.a;/ D./;/
    第十一讲 There be句型讲解与练习
    导入:There is a bird in the tree. There is an apple in the basket.
    There are sme bks n the deak. There will be a sprts meeting tmrrw.

    I.There be句型 定义: There be 结构主要用以表达 “某地有某人(某物)”。
    其基本句型为“There be + 某物或某人(主语) + 某地”。
    II.be动词的选择:
    There be 结构中的谓语动词be(is / are)在人称和数上应与其后的主
    语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is ;主语是复数时用are。
    III具体结构:
    (1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.
    E.g. There is a desk in the classrm. 在教室里有一张桌子。
    (2) There are + 复数名词+ 地点状语.
    E.g. There are 5 apples in the bx. 盒子里有五个苹果。
    口诀: “有”字放前面,有“啥”放中间; 时间地点放后面;
    单数is, 复数are 注意be的两变化。
    IV.、句型变化:
    (1)、否定句:there be的否定式通常在be后加nt。
    E.g. There is a bike under the tree. 树下有一辆自行车。
    There isn't a bike under the tree.
    E.g. There are 2 little girls in the rm.在房间里有两个小女孩。
    There aren't 2 little girls in the rm.
    (2)、一般疑问句及其答语:
    1、一般疑问句:把be动词提前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。
    2、回答时,“用什么问,就用什么答”,用Is / Are there来提问,
    就用there is / are 来回答。
    肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:N, there isn't / aren't.
    E.g. 1)、There are tw cats in the tree.树上有两只猫。
    Are there tw cats in the tree?
    Yes, there are. N, there aren't.
    2)、There is a cmputer n the desk . 在桌子上有一台电脑。
    Is there a cmputer n the desk?
    Yes, there is. N, there isn't.
    【典例】:1. There is a new bed and an ld desk in the rm .
    否定句:
    一般疑问句:
    否定回答:
    3)sme和any在“there be”句型中的用法:
    sme 一些(sme用于肯定句)
    any 一些(any用于否定句和一般疑问句)
    注意:There be句型在变成否定句或一般疑问句时,要注意把句中的sme变成any。
    E.g.1)、There is sme water in the bttle .在瓶子里有一些水。
    There isn't any water in the bttle.(否定句)
    Is there any water in the bttle?(一般疑问句)
    2)、There are sme children in the picture. 图片里有一些小孩。
    There aren't any children in the picture. (否定句)
    Are there any children in the picture?(一般疑问句)
    【典例】:1). -- Are there _____ shps near here?
    -- N, there are _____ shps near here.
    A. sme, nt B. sme, any C. any, nt D. any, n
    2).There are sme tables n the flr.(变为否定句)

    (4)就近原则:
    there是个近视眼。若句子中有几个并列的主语时, be的形式要与离其最近的
    一个主语在 人称和数上保持一致。
    E.g. 1.There is a pen, tw pencils and sme bks n the desk.
    书桌上有一支钢笔、两支铅笔和一些书。
    2.There are tw pencils, a pen and sme bks n the desk.
    书桌上有两支铅笔、一支钢笔和一些书。
    3.There are sme bks,tw pencils and a pen n the desk.
    书桌上有一些书、两支铅笔和一支钢笔。
    【典例】:There milk and eggs n the table .在桌子上有牛奶和鸡蛋。
    There eggs and milk n the table.
    V、“there be” 和“have”的区别
    There be表示“存在有” ;have(has)表示“所属有”。他们都翻译为“有”,
    但具体用法不相同,且两种结构不能同时合用。
    E.g.1)、I have a bk .我有一本书。
    (注:书归我所有,我是书的主人。→ 所属有)
    2)、There is a bk n the desk .在桌子上有一本书。
    (注:书只是存在于桌子上,但书不属于桌子所有。→ 存在有)
    注意:常见的的介词和介词短语:
    介词:at 在 in 在里面 n 在上面
    under 在下面 behind 在后面 near 在附近
    介词短语举例:
    at hme 在家 in the bx 在盒子 n the flr 在地板上 under the tree 在树下 behind the dr 在门后面 near the z 在动物园附近 in frnt f 在……前面
    VII.练习。
    There be 句型专项练习
    一. 用be的正确形式填空
    1. There _________ a pian against the wall.
    2. There _________ sme flwers n the desk.
    3. There _________ sme tea in the cup.
    4. There _________ tw tins f cke in the bag.
    5. There _________ three buildings and a beautiful garden in ur schl.
    6. There _________ sme meat, sme bread and sme apples n the table.
    7. There _________ a picture and a clck n the wall.
    8. There _________ a vlleyball match in ur schl the day after tmrrw.
    9. There _________ n factries, hspitals and schls here fifty years ag.
    10. There may _______ smething wrng with yur watch.
    11. There ________ any mail fr yu tday.
    12. There ________ any letters in the mailbx tday.
    13. Hw many kinds f animals ________ there in this area?

    二.选择填空。
    ( )1.There ________ n tea in the cup.
    A.is B.are C.has D.be
    ( )2.There ________ in the next rm.
    A.is Tm B.are sme bys C.are they D.is the by
    ( )3.There is sme ________ n the plate.
    A.apple B.bread C.banana D.sandwich
    ( )4.There ________ sme paper and a pen n the desk.
    A.is B.are C.have D.has
    ( )5.There ________ a schl at the ft f the hill.
    A.have B.stand C.are D.stands
    ( )6.There's ging t ________ in tmrrw's newspapers.
    A.have smething new B.have new smething C.be smething new D.be new smething
    ( )7.There is sme milk in the bttle, ________ ?
    A.isn't there B.aren't there C.isn't it D.are there
    ( )8. ________ is there n the table?
    A.Hw many apples B.Hw much bread C.Hw much breads D.Hw many fd
    ( )9.There are sixty minutes in ________ hur.
    A.an B.the C.a D./
    ( )10.There is ________ ld wman in the car.
    A.× B.a C.the D.an
    ( )11.There's ________ range tree behind ________ huse.
    A.an ;the B.a;a C.the;the
    ( )12.There is ________ map in the classrm. ________ map is n the wall.
    A.a;A B.the;The C.a;The D.the;A
    ( )13.There is ________ “f”and ________ “u”in the wrd“fur”.
    A.an;a B.a;a C.an;an D.a;an
    ( )14.There ________ nt any water in the glass.
    A.has B.is C.are
    ( )15.There ________ a ftball match in ur schl this afternn.
    A.are ging t have B.is ging t have C.are ging t be D.is ging t be
    ( )16.There ________ an apple and ten bananas in the basket.
    Yu can take any f them.
    A.are B.is C.has D.have
    ( )17. ________ any flwers n bth sides f the street?
    A.Is there B.Are there C.Has D.Have
    ( )18.There ________ great changes in ur cuntry since 1979.
    A.have been B.were C.has been D.are
    ( )19.There is little water in the glass, ________ ?
    A.isn 't there B.isn't it C.is it D.is there
    ( )20.—There is n air r water n the mn,is there? — ________ .
    A.Yes,there are B.N,there isn't C.Yes,there isn't D.N,there is
    ( )21.There isn't ________ paper in the bx.
    Will yu g and get sme fr me?
    A.any B.sme C.a D.an
    ( )22.There ________ sme water in the bttle.
    A.are B.is C.has D.have
    ( )23.Hw many ________ are there in yur classrm?
    A.desks B.desk C.chair D.dr
    ( )24.There ________ smething wrng with my car.
    A.are B.has C.is D.have
    ( )25.There ________ a pencil and tw pens in the pencil-bx.
    A.are B.has C.have D.is
    第一人称
    第二人称
    第三人称
    单数
    复数
    单数
    复数
    单 数
    复 数
    人称代词
    主 格
    I
    we
    yu
    yu
    she he it
    they
    宾 格
    Me
    us
    yu
    yu
    her him it
    them
    物主代词
    形容词性
    my
    ur
    yur
    yur
    her his its
    their
    名词性
    mine
    urs
    yurs
    yurs
    hers his its
    theirs
    人称代词
    第一人称
    第二人称
    第三人称
    单数
    复数
    单数
    复数
    单 数
    复 数
    主 格
    I
    we
    yu
    yu
    she he it
    they
    宾 格

    them
    这类名词有:
    rain 雨,wind风, fg雾, snw雪,
    air空气, strm风暴, snwstrm 暴风雪
    这类词有:
    the east东方,the west西方,the suth南方,
    the nrth北方,the right右边,the left左边
    例:
    月份
    January 一月
    May 五月
    Octber 十月
    周日
    Mnday 星期一
    Friday 星期五
    Sunday 星期天
    季节
    spring 春天
    summer 夏天
    autumn 秋天
    winter 冬天
    节日
    Christmas Day 圣诞节
    New Year's Day 元旦
    New Year's Eve 除夕
    Natinal Day 国庆节
    Teacher's Day 教师节
    人名
    Mary 玛丽 Jnes 琼斯
    Mr. Brwn 布朗先生Prfessr Smith 史密斯教授
    地名
    Asia 亚洲 China 中国
    Britain 英国 Beijing 北京
    New Yrk 纽约 Shanghai Rad 上海路
    Tian An Men Square 天安门广场

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