英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters复习练习题

这是一份英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters复习练习题，共11页。试卷主要包含了fld n，typhn n. 台风，vlcan n. 火山，snwstrm n. 暴风雪，trnad n. 龙卷风，tsunami n. 海啸等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Unit 4
disaster /dɪˈzɑ:stə(r)/ n.灾难；灾害
trnad /tɔ:ˈneɪdəʊ / n.(pl. -es r -s) 龙卷风；旋风
drught / draʊt / n.旱灾；久旱
landslide / ˈlændslaɪd / n. ( landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
slide / slaɪd / vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑动
tsunami / tsu:ˈnɑ:mi / n. 海啸
各种自然灾害：
1．fld n． 洪水
2．hurricane n. 飓风
3．sandstrm n. 沙尘暴
4．typhn n. 台风
5．vlcan n. 火山
6．snwstrm n. 暴风雪
7．trnad n. 龙卷风
8．tsunami n. 海啸
9．landslide n. 山体滑坡
10．drught n. 旱灾；干旱
fld /flʌd / n. 洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
be flded with
vlcanic eruptin / vɔlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌpʃn / 火山喷发
magnitude /ˈmægnɪtju:d / n. (地)震级；重大
rescue /ˈreskju:/ n.& vt.营救；救援
g/cme t sb.'s rescue ＝ rescue sb. 救援某人
rescue ...把……从……营救出来
①Tm rescued a by frm the river n his way hme.
②When we were trapped in the ruins, the sldiers came t ur (we) rescue.
damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ / vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失
destry /dɪ'strɔɪ/ vt. 摧毁 ；毁灭
damage表示不是完全毁坏，损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，常用短语d/cause damage t，意为“对……造成损害”；
destry指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词是destructin
evacuate /ɪˈvækjueɪt / vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离
helicpter /ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/n. 直升机
death/ deθ/ n. 死；死亡
affect /ə'fekt/ vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
be affected by 受……的影响；被……感动= be deeply mved；be deeply tuched；
be affected with 感染……疾病
have an affectin fr意为“喜欢……”
①Many yung peple were affected by his stry. They began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled.
=Affected by his stry, many yung peple began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled.
②Affected with high fever, he cntinued with his wrk.
③I have much affectin fr my mum, whse wrds and actins have a psitive effect n me.
shelter /'ʃeltə(r)/ n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避 (风、雨或危险)
crack /kræk/ n.裂纹；裂缝 vi. & vt. (使)破裂
as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
＝as thugh，意为“似乎；好像；仿佛”，在句中引导表语从句或方式状语从句。
(1)如果所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反，用一般过去时(be动词用were)；与过去事实相反，用had dne；与将来事实相反，用wuld/culd/might＋动词原形。
(3)as thugh/if引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略。
单句语法填空
①The kids were very friendly with her and even lked up t her as if she were (be) their wn mther.
②Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had_dne (d) smething very clever.
③He pened his muth as if t_say (say) smething imprtant.
ruin /'ru:ɪn/ n.&vt. 破坏；毁坏
ruin多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用短语：in ruins，意为“严重受损，破败不堪”；
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
be reduced t ruins 沦为废墟
(2)ruin neself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡
ruin ne's health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉
单句语法填空
①A number f high buildings have arisen where there was nthing three years ag but ruins (ruin)．
②When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins.
一句多译
③他犯了个错误， 这让他失去了出国的机会。
→He made a mistake, which_ruined_his_chance f ging abrad.(定语从句)
→He made a mistake, ruining_his_chance f ging abrad.(分词作状语)
percent / pəˈsent / n. 百分之…… adj.&adv.每一百种
brick /brɪk/ n. 砖；砖块
metal /'metl/ n.金属
shck /ʃɒk/ n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
in shck 震惊；吃惊
(1)a great shck t ... 对……是极大的震惊
in shck 震惊；吃惊
(2) shcked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shcked at/by 对……吃惊
be shcked t d sth 做某事很吃惊
(3) shcking adj. 令人震惊的
单句语法填空
①They sat there in shck and disbelief.
②All f us were shcked at the shcking news that many deaths had been caused by the muntain fire.(shck)
③I was shcked t_hear (hear) the news that he had been fired by the cmpany.
句式升级
④S many peple were injured r died in the earthquake. All f us were shcked.
→What_shcked_all_f_us_was that s many peple were injured r died in the earthquake.(主语从句)
→S many peple were injured r died in the earthquake, which_shcked_all_f_us．(定语从句)
electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n.电；电能
trap /træp/ vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱
be trapped in 被困住
trap sb int ding sth 劝说某人做某事
trap sb ut f ding sth 诱骗某人不做某事
bury /ˈberi/ vt. 埋葬；安葬
be buried in 埋头于；专心于
bury ne's face in ne's hands 双手掩面
①The yung man, wh als seemed deeply buried in thught, raised his eyes.
②The girl was sitting there，burying (bury) her face in her hands.
(1)bury 用作“使沉浸；使专心”之意时，其后常接反身代词作宾语或使用被动语态，搭配为：bury neself in/be buried in(埋头于；专心于)
(2)表示“专心于；致力于”的其他常用短语：be devted t；be absrbed/engaged/ lst in；fcus n；fix/cncentrate/fcus ne's attentin n等
单句语法填空
①With s many peple buried_ (bury) under the ruins, nne f the rescue wrkers wuld stp t have a rest.
②Buried (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the thers had left.
③Burying (bury) his face in his hands, he tried t cntrl his weeping.
句式升级
④Because he buried himself in his bks, he didn't knw it was raining utside.
→Burying_himself_in his bks, he was nt aware it was raining utside.(动词­ing形式短语作状语)
→Buried_in his bks, he was nt aware it was raining utside.(动词­ed形式短语作状语)
breathe / bri:ð/ vi.& vt.呼吸
breathe deeply =take a deep breath 深呼吸
revive /rɪˈvaɪv/ vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒
revival /rɪˈvaɪvl/ n.振兴；复苏
effrt /'efət/ n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
make an effrt t d sth. 努力做某事
spare n effrt t d sth. 不遗余力地做某事
make every effrt 尽一切努力
①My English teacher spares n effrt t_help (help) me with my English.
②The lcal clubs are making an effrt t interest mre yung vlunteers.
③Anther reasn why we shuld never give up is that we can learn frm ur mistakes nly_if_we_make_every_effrt.
另一个我们永不放弃的原因是：只有尽一切努力，我们才能从错误中学习。
unify /ˈju:nɪfaɪ / vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体
wisdm /ˈwɪzdəm/ n.智慧；才智
cntext /ˈkɒntekst/ n.上下文；语境；背景
suffer /ˈsʌfə/ vt.遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(1)suffer pain/defeat/lss 遭受痛苦/失败/损失
suffer frm 遭受；患病
It is true that we may suffer frm failure frm time t time. Hwever, it is imprtant that we never lse the enthusiasm t keep n trying.
(2)suffering n. 苦恼；让人痛苦的事
sufferer n. 患难者；患病者
①Cmpared with thse wh are engaged in manual labr, teachers are suffering_frm greater mental stress nwadays.
②There is n denying that ur earth is suffering severe damage.
③The ld man is said t have gne thrugh varieties f sufferings (suffer) during the war.
句式升级
④Jhn has suffered frm lung cancer fr many years. He has decided t give up smking.
→Having_suffered_frm_lung_cancer_fr_many_years,_Jhn has decided t give up smking.(动词­ing形式短语作状语)
vlcan /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ n. (pl. -es r -s)火山
erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出
supply /səˈplaɪ/ n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品 vt. 供应；供给
(1)in shrt supply 短缺
The natural resurces, such as cal and il, are in shrt supply in this cuntry.
have a gd supply f ... 备有许多……
schl/medical supplies 学校/医疗用品
(2)supply sth t sb=supply sb with sth 为某人提供某物
Mrever, the cmpetitin will supply yu with a chance t develp yur creativity and build friendship with ther students.
单句语法填空
①Fr the biggest stadiums in the wrld, we have used data supplied (supply) by the Wrld Atlas list s far.
②The natural resurces, such as cal and il, are in shrt supply in this cuntry.
一句多译
③此外，这次竞争将会给你提供一个机会，帮助你发展创造力，与志同道合的同学建立友谊。
→Mrever, the cmpetitin will supply_yu_with_a_chance t develp yur creativity and build friendship with ther students wh share the same interest with yu.
→Mrever, the cmpetitin will supply_a_chance_t yu t develp yur creativity and build friendship with ther students wh share the same interest with yu.
[联想] 其他表示“为某人提供某物”的短语
(1)prvide sb with sth＝prvide sth fr sb
(2)ffer sb sth＝ffer sth t sb
typhn /taɪˈfu:n/ n.台风
in the pen air 露天；在户外
hurricane /ˈhʌrɪkən/ n . (尤指大西洋的)飓风
survive /səˈvaɪv/ vi.生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过
(1)survive frm 从……中幸存
The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has_survived(survive) China's lng histry.
survive n 依靠……生存下来
I dn't knw hw yu all manage t survive n Jeremy's salary.
survive ... 比……多活了……
As far as I knw，the ld lady survived her husband by 5 years.
(2)survivr n. 幸存者
survival n. [U] 幸存；[C] 残存物
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The lcal gvernments made great effrts t build shelters fr peple wh survived (survive) the hurricane.
②If he culdn't find his way ut f the frest, there wuld be little chance f survival (survive)．
③The plane crashed in an area f dense jungle. There were n survivrs (survive)．
句式升级
④After she had survived that night, she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right.
→Having_survived_that_night,_she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right.(分词作状语)
pwer /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n.电力供应；力量；控制力
(1)be in pwer 掌权，执政(表示状态)
cme t/int pwer 上台，执政
within ne's pwer 在某人的能力之内
beynd ne's pwer 超出某人的能力
(2)have the pwer t d sth 有能力做某事
(3)pwerful adj. 强有力的，强大的
单句语法填空
①Thugh he has been in pwer fr tw years, he hasn't fund an effective slutin t the cuntry's ecnmic prblems.
②Unfrtunately, it's beynd my pwer t get thrugh the wrk in such a shrt time.
③It seems bvius that these have made humankind the mst pwerful (pwer) animal n earth.
一句多译
④我决定尽一切努力做一名合格的志愿者。
→I have decided that I will_d_everything_in_my_pwer t wrk as a qualified vlunteer.(pwer)
→I have made up my mind that I will_make_every_effrt_t/spare_n_effrt_t wrk as a qualified vlunteer.(effrt)
[联想] 其他表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达
①d/try ne's best t d sth
②make every effrt t d sth
tap /tæp/ vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
pipe /paɪp/ n.管子；管道
whistle /ˈwɪsl/ vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt. 吹口哨n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声
emergency /iˈmɜ:dʒənsi/ n.突发事件；紧急情况
calm /kɑ:m/ adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
keep calm 保持镇静
calm dwn 镇静下来
aid /eɪd/ n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt. (frmal) 帮助；援助
kit /kɪt/ n.成套工具；成套设备
first aid kit 急救箱
n hand现有(尤指帮助)
crash /kræʃ/ vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞
sweep /swi:p/ vt. & vi. ( swept, swept) 打扫；清扫
sweep away消灭；彻底消除
wave /weɪv/ n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
strike /straɪk/ vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
It strikes sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
sth. strike sb. 某人突然想起某事
be struck by 被……打动/迷住
strike ... int ne's heart 使……刻骨铭心
A．打 B．使突然想起
C．罢工 D．灾难、疾病等袭击
E．划(火柴) F．(钟)敲
根据语境选出strike的含义。
1．When I entered the rm, the clck had just struck 10.__F__
2．As an ld saying ges，“Strike the irn while it's ht.” Yu'd better g ver what yu have learned as sn as pssible.__A__
3．The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the rm immediately.__E__
4．They have been n strike fr several days t get a higher pay.__C__
5．A big earthquake struck the city last year, killing hundreds f peple.___D__
6．I was abut t pay the taxi driver when it struck me that I had left my wallet n the airplane.__B__
deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ vt. & vi.递送；传达 vt.发表
summary /ˈsʌməri/ n.总结；概括；概要
effect /ɪˈfekt/ n.影响；结果；效果
(1)take effect 生效；见效
cme int effect 生效
side effect 副作用
have an effect/influence impact/n/upn 对……产生影响
put effect 实施；使……生效
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
(3)affect vt. 影响；使感动
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The recmmendatins will sn be put_int_effect t deal with the present situatin.
②She smiled calmly when she learnt that effective (effect) measures had been taken t deal with the emergency.
③The traffic issue nt_nly_affects_ur_everyday_life (不仅影响着我们的日常生活), but may als threaten peple's lives.
length /leŋθ/ n.长；长度