Unit1《Friends》-2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元讲义（译林版）

这是一份Unit1《Friends》-2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元讲义（译林版），共21页。

2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元知识速记清单Unit 1《Friends》考点1 honest adj．诚实的；正直的【观察】 Good friends should be honest．好朋友应该诚实。【探究】 honest虽然以“h”开头，但“h”不发音，故其第一个音素是元音音素，因此其前面的不定冠词需用an。此类单词还有hour(小时)等。【经典练】1．Cheating in ________ exam is bad． Everyone should be ________ honest student．A．a; a B．an; a C．the; an【答案】C【详解】句意：在考试中作弊是不好的。每个人都应该做一个诚实的学生。考查冠词。a不定冠词，表示泛指一个，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，表示泛指，后接以元音音素开头的单词；the表示特指。第一空是固定短语in the exam“在考试中”，第二空表示泛指一个，由于横线后的“honest”是元音音素开头，所以是an。故选C。【写作佳句】He is so honest a man that we all trust him．他是一个如此诚实的人，我们都信任他。考点2 care vi vt．&．关心，关注，在意【观察】 Does he care about you when you are sad? 你伤心时他关心你吗？ care的常用短语：【拓展】care还可以作名词，意为“小心；照料”。其形容词形式为 careful(小心的；仔细的)和 careless(粗心的)；对应的副词形式为 carefully(小心地；仔细地)和 carelessly (粗心地)。【经典练】1．—Mary is ________ about what she eats． She never has junk food．—A good habit．A．careful B．angry C．nervous D．relaxed【答案】A【详解】句意：——玛丽对吃什么很小心。她从不吃垃圾食品。——一个好习惯。考查形容词辨析。careful小心的；angry生气的；nervous紧张的；relaxed放松的。根据“She never has junk food”可知她不吃垃圾食品，所以对自己吃的东西非常小心。故选A。【写作佳句】I have rich experience in caring for the old．我在照顾老人方面有丰富的经验。考点3 polite adj．礼貌的【观察】 Tom is apoliteboy．汤姆是一个有礼貌的男孩。【拓展】polite的反义词为impolite，副词形式为 politely ，意为“礼貌地”。【经典练】1．The waiters of the restaurant treat people ________． They always serve them with big smiles on their faces．A．wisely B．completely C．differently D．politely【答案】D【详解】句意：这家餐馆的服务员礼貌待人。他们总是面带笑容为他们服务。考查副词辨析。wisely明智地；completely完全地，彻底地；differently不同地；politely礼貌地。根据“They always serve them with big smiles on their faces．”可知，总是面带笑容地为他们服务，所以应该是很有礼貌，故选D。【写作佳句】The delicious food and polite waiters made us happy with the restaurant美味的食物和礼貌的服务员让我们对这家餐馆很满意。考点4 lie n．谎言【观察】You can trust them because they never tell lies．你可以信任他们，因为他们从不说谎。【探究】lie为可数名词，其复数形式为lies．【拓展】lie的不同意义及用法短语：tell a lie 说谎 lie down躺下【经典练】1．They preferred _______ in bed rather than _______ horses．A．to lie; to ride B．lying; riding C．to lie; ride【答案】C【详解】句意：他们宁愿躺在床上，也不愿骑马。考查非谓语动词。prefer to do sth． rather than do sth．表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，所以第一空用动词不定式，第二空省略to用动词原形。故选C。【写作佳句】Frank is an honest boy and he never tells a lie． We all trust him．弗兰克是个诚实的男孩，他从不说谎。我们都信任他。考点 5 true adj．确实的；的确【观察】Do you think he is a true friend？你认为他是一个真正的朋友吗？【辨析】real与truereal 强调人或事物真实的存在，而不是想象的或虚构的。true 强调符合事实，是真的而不是假的，是相符的而不是编造的。【拓展】 true的副词形式为truly，名词形式为 truth 【经典练】1．Lu Xun’s ________ name was Zhou Shuren． That’s ________．A．real; real B．real; true C．true; real D．true; true【答案】B【详解】句意：鲁迅的真实名字是周树人。这是真的。考查形容词辨析。real真实的，强调真实存在的；true真的，强调与事实情况相符。根据“Lu Xun’s…name was Zhou Shuren”可知第一个空表示的是鲁迅的真实名字，故要用real，由“That’s…”可知第二个空表示的应是是事实，故要用true，故选B。【写作佳句】When you are in trouble, a friend who runs away from you is not a true one．当你遇到麻烦时，从你身边逃跑的朋友不是真正的朋友。考点 6 make me happy 使我高兴【观察】She always makes me happy．她总是逗我开心。【探究】make是使役动词，其后可接动词原形、形容词或名词作宾语补足语。make的具体用法如下：adj (1)“make＋sb/sth＋．”意为使某人/某事变得……；n (2)“make＋sb/sth＋．”意为使某人/某物成为……；(3)make sb do sth意为让/使某人做某事【拓展】后接动词原形作宾语补足语的动词：一感(feel)，二听(hear, listen to)，三让(let, have, make)，四看(watch, see, notice, look at)。【经典练】1．He always tells funny things to me and always ______．A．makes me to laugh B．makes me laughingC．makes me happiness D．makes me happy【答案】D【详解】句意：他总是告诉我有趣的事情，总是让我高兴。考查动词make的用法。make的用法：make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，排除A和B选项。make sb+形容词“使某人处于某种状态”，happiness快乐，名词，排除C选项，故选D。【写作佳句】Funny people can always make me happy when I feel sad ．当我难过的时候，有趣的人总是能让我开心。考点 7 Can I have some more food? 我能再吃一点儿食物吗？【探究】more是many和much的比较级，常用来修饰名词【拓展】more之前可用基数词或some, any, many, much, a little, a few, no等词修饰。(2)“基数词＋more＋名词”结构可与“another＋基数词＋名词”结构互换，意为“再……，又……”。【经典练】1．I’m going to have another piece of cake．A．else B．others C．all of D．one more【答案】D【详解】句意：我要再吃一块蛋糕。考查代词表达。else其他的；others其他的人或物；all of全部；one more又一，再一。another+数词+名词=数词+more+名词，表示“再一，又一”，故选D。2．—Home is always the warmest place．—________ East or west, home is the best．A．I don’t think so． B．I’m afraid not．C．I couldn’t agree more． D．I hope not．【答案】C【详解】句意：——家永远是最温暖的地方。——我完全同意。金窝银窝，不如自己的草窝。考查情景交际。I don’t think so我不这么想；I’m afraid not恐怕不行；I couldn’t agree more我完全同意；I hope not我希望不会。根据“East or west, home is the best．”可知是认同对方观点。故选C。【写作佳句】The tomato and beef soup tastes delicious． I’d like a little more．西红柿牛肉汤尝起来很美味。我还想再来一点。考点 8 nothing 没有什么There's nothing in the fridge．冰箱里什么也没有。【探究】 nothing为不定代词，有形容词修饰时，形容词应置于nothing之后。类似用法的不定代词还有something, anything 等。There is nothing wrong with the car．这辆汽车没有毛病。【拓展】nothing构成的短语：have nothing to do无事可做have nothing to do with…与……无关【经典练】1．— Did you buy today’s newspaper, Mike?— No, there’s ________ new in it．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing【答案】D【详解】句意：——迈克，你买今天的报纸了吗？——不，没有什么新东西。考查代词辨析。something某些事情；anything任何事情；everything一切事情；nothing什么都没有。根据“No”可知，因为没有什么新的内容，因此没有买报纸，故选D。【写作佳句】His mother was so sad that she could say nothing but keep silent．他的母亲如此伤心，以致于她除了保持沉默，什么也说不出来。考点 9、What about the pizza in your bowl? 你碗里的比萨饼怎么样？【探究】在日常交际中，向别人提出建议的句型有以下几种：(1)“Let's＋动词原形．”意为咱们……吧；(2)“Shall we＋动词原形？”意为“我们……好吗？”(3)“What/How about＋．­ing/名词/代词宾格？”意为“……怎么样？” ；(4)“Why don't we/you＋动词原形？”或“Why not＋动词原形？”意为“为什么不……呢？”(5)“Would you like (to do)…？”意为“你愿意/想要(做)……吗；？” (6)“Would/Will you please＋动词原形？”意为“请你……好吗？”【经典练】1．—What about joining the science club with me? — ________． I’m looking forward to it．A．Good idea B．It doesn’t matter C．Never mind【答案】A【详解】句意：——和我一起参加科学俱乐部怎么样？——好主意。我很期待。考查情景交际。Good idea好主意；It doesn’t matter没关系；Never mind没关系。上文表提建议，结合“I’m looking forward to it．”可知，同意对方的建议，表示是个“好主意”。故选A。【写作佳句】—What about joining the science club with me? ——和我一起加入科学俱乐部怎么样？考点 10 maybe“也许，可能，大概”。Maybe we can share it．也许我们可以一起吃/分享。【探究】maybe意为“也许，可能，大概”。【辨析】maybe与may be常位于句首，表示不太肯定的推测，相当于perhaps， probably, possibly。在口语中，maybe可以单独使用。意为“可能是，也许是”，常用 may be 在句中，放在主语后作谓语，构成主系表结构。【经典练】1．Mr． Jonathan ________ your new English teacher．A．maybe B．be might C．may be D．might is【答案】C【详解】句意：乔纳森先生可能是你的新英语老师。考查情态动词和be动词。A． maybe也许，副词；B． be might语法错误；C． may be可能是，情态动词+动词原形be；D． might is语法错误。根据句子结构，空格处应填入谓语结构，C选项符合句子结构，故选C。【写作佳句】Maybe he was thinking about something else while you were asking．也许你问的时候他在想别的事情。考点 11 believe 相信Do you believe what he/she says? 你相信他/她说的话吗？【拓展】当believe, think, suppose等动词后接表示否定意义的宾语从句，且主句主语为第一人称时，通常将否定前移到主句中。该句型反意疑问句中疑问部分和从句保持一致，并且要注意否定后移。I don't think I know you．我想我并不认识你。I don't believe he will come．我相信他不回来。【经典练】1．How time flies! I can ________ believe it’s been over eight years since we met last time．A．nearly B．hardly C．probably【答案】B【详解】句意：时光飞逝！我简直不敢相信我们上次见面已经八年多了。考查副词辨析。nearly几乎；hardly几乎不；probably可能。根据“How time flies!”可知，说话者简直不敢相信自从上次见面已经八年多了，表示否定。故选B。【写作佳句】we should believe in each other and learn from each other我们应该相互信任相互学习。考点 12 one ofBetty is one of my best friends．Betty是我最好的朋友之一。【精讲】one of + the +adj．最高级+n．复数(+v．三单) e．g． One of world's most popular sports is football．【经典练】1． Mr． Green is one of ________ in our school． We all like him very much．A．the most popular teacher B．the worst teachersC．the best teachers D．the oldest teacher【答案】C【详解】句意：格林先生是我们学校最好的老师之一。我们都非常喜欢他。考查最高级。most popular最受欢迎的；worst最差的；best最好的；oldest最老的。根据“one of”并结合选项，此处考查one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”，排除选项A和D；根据“We all like him very much．”，故选C。【写作佳句】I want to take one of the least expensive coats in the shop because I don’t have enough money．我想买一件店里最便宜的外套，因为我没有充足的钱。考点 13 be ready to / be willing tols she ready to help when you have problems?当你有困难的时候她愿意去帮助你么?She is willing to share things with her friends．她乐于和朋友们分享事情。【精讲】be ready to / be willing tobe willing to do = be ready to do = be glad to do乐意做某事【拓展】1． get / be ready for sth． 为某事做好准备2． get sth． ready for sb． 为某人准备好某物【经典练】The store sold off its summer clothes to ____ stock(进货) the winter ones．A．be ready toB．be similar toC．be different fromD．be up to【答案】A【详解】句意：商店甩卖夏季衣服准备进冬天的服装。考查形容词短语。be ready to准备做；be similar to与……相抵；be different from与……不同； be up to多达。根据句意“商店甩卖夏季服装”，这是为进冬季服装做准备。故选A。【写作佳句】If someone comes to you with a problem, always be ready to help．如果有人找你有问题，随时准备帮助他。考点 14 helpShe helps me with my homework．她总是在作业上帮助我。【精讲】help的用法Help n．帮助 v．帮助;有助于helpful adj．乐于助人的helpless adj．无助的;无能的【重点短语】1．帮助别人做某事 help sb． do / to do sth．2．在某事上帮助某人 help sb． with sth．3．不能帮忙做某事 can't help do / with sth．4．情不自禁地做某事 can't help doing sth．5．在某人的帮助下 with the help of sb．【拓展】be helpful =be of (great) help【经典练】1． ________ the teacher’s help, I have made much progress．A．Thanks to B．As for C．Such as D．Up to【答案】A【详解】句意：多亏了老师的帮助，我取得了很大的进步。考查短语辨析。Thanks to多亏了；As for至于；Such as例如；Up to多达。根据“the teacher’s help, I have made much progress”可知，多亏了老师的帮助才取得了进步，故选A。【写作佳句】When my friend called me yesterday, I helped my mom in the kitchen．当我的朋友昨天给我打电话的时候，我正在厨房帮我妈妈。考点 15 needshe always gives her seat on the bus to someone in need．她总是在公交车上给有需要的人让座。【精讲】need 的用法【经典练】1．—I’m in the 400-meter race． It’s in two hours, and I’m very nervous．—Come on, ________ You have been practising hard and you will win if you just focus．A．no need to worry! B．no wonder．C．all right． D．sounds like fun．【答案】A【详解】句意：——我参加400米赛跑。两小时后就开始了，我很紧张。——加油，没必要担忧！你已经很努力练习了，如果你只是集中注意力你会赢的。考查情景交际。no need to worry没有必要担忧；no wonder难怪；all right好吧；sounds like fun听起来很有趣。根据“You have been practising hard and you will win if you just focus．”可知，回答表达不要担忧，用句子“no need to worry”。故选A。【写作佳句】Since you can’t work out the problem, perhaps you need to ask your classmates for help．既然你解不出这道题，也许你需要向你的同学求助。考点 16 voiceBetty has a good voice．Betty有一副好的嗓音。【精讲】voice (三个声音) e．g． There was too much noise outside the classroom．The physics teacher had to raise his voice, "Light travels faster than sound．"【补充】(1 ) speak in a low voice 小声说话(2) noisy adj．吵闹的 noisily adv．吵闹地【经典练】1．—Who sings the best in your class?—Amy does． She has such a good ________．A．sound B．idea C．voice D．face【答案】C【详解】句意：——你们班谁唱歌唱得最好？——艾米。她有一副好嗓子。考查名词辨析。sound声音；idea主意，想法；voice说话声，嗓音；face脸。根据“Who sings the best in your class”可知，此处指的是艾米有一副好嗓音，应用voice。故选C。【写作佳句】His voice sounded strange on the phone． What happened?他的声音在电话里听起来很奇怪。发生了什么事？考点 17 choose 选择，挑选Who would you choose as your best friend?你会选择谁做你最好的朋友?【精讲】choose*choose vt．/vi．选择;挑选 过去式: chose 1．choose sth． 选择．．．(具体内容) choose from ．．． 从．．．中选择(有范围) choose to do sth． 选择去做某事 choose sb． as / to be 选择某人作为．．．2．choice n．选择;选择权;被选中的东西 have no choice 没有选择的余地 make a choice 做出选择*3．can't choose but do sth= have no choice but to do sth． = can do nothing but do sth．别无选择，只好．．．【经典练】1．—Should teenagers be allowed ________ their own clothes?—Maybe different people have different ideas．A．to choose B．choose C．choosing【答案】A【详解】句意：——青少年应该被允许选择自己的衣服吗？——也许不同的人有不同的想法。考查动词短语。be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”，故选A。【写作佳句】—Before choosing a book, you’d better look through some pages to know whether it’s easy or hard for you．在选择一本书之前，你最好先浏览几页，看看它对你来说是容易还是难。考点 18 humour (= humor) n．幽默Max has a good sense of humour．Max很有幽默感。【精讲】sense / humour1． humour (= humor) n．幽默humorous adj．幽默的2． sense n．感觉;意识 a sense of smell 嗅觉 common sense 常识 make sense 有意义;讲得通 sixth sense 第六感3．幽默感 a sense of humor方向感 a sense of direction【经典练】1．—What is your best friend Nick like?—Let me see． Nick has a good sense of ______ because he likes to tell funny stories．A．direction B．time C．humour【答案】C【详解】句意：——你最好的朋友尼克是什么样子？——让我想想。尼克有好的幽默感，因为他喜欢讲有趣的故事。考查名词辨析。direction方向；time时间；humor幽默。根据“he likes to tell funny stories．”可知他是幽默的，故选C。【写作佳句】Bill has a great sense of humour and often makes people laugh．比尔很有幽默感，他常常使人笑。考点 19 fitThey do not fit well under his desk．它们在桌子底下容纳不下。【精讲】fit的用法1． v．①可容纳，装进 e．g． All the kids can fit in the back of the car．②适合(大小，尺寸)【复习】 e．g． This pair of shoes fits me well．2．adj． 【复习】适合的 be fit for = be suitable for e．g． This pair of shoes is fit for me．②健康的keep fit = keep healthy【经典练】1．—You are the only one who swims every day in your class, aren’t you?—Yes, it helps me keep ________ so that I can work harder．A．different B．independent C．fit【答案】C【详解】句意：——你是班上唯一一个每天游泳的人，是吗？——是的，它帮助我保持健康，这样我就可以更努力地工作。考查形容词辨析。different不同的；independent独立的；fit健康的。根据“You are the only one who swims every day in your class”可知，游泳帮助人保持健康，故选C。【写作佳句】Diana used to drive to work, but now she is used to walk because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit．戴安娜过去常常开车去上班，但现在她习惯步行，因为道路很拥挤，且她想保持健康。考点 20 pastWhen he walks past our desks, he often knocks our books and pens onto the floor．他走过我们的课桌时，经常把我们的书和笔撞到地板上。【精讲】walk past / pass类似的单词辨析: cross& across cross = go / walk + acrosse．g． Mike always helps the old cross the road．= Mike always helps the old walk across the road．【经典练】1．_______ we can’t change the past, we can still try to make the future better．A．Because B．Unless C．Although【答案】C【详解】句意：尽管我们无法改变过去，但我们仍然可以努力让未来变得更好。考查词义辨析。Because因为，表示原因；Unless除非，如果不，表示否定条件；Although虽然，尽管，表示让步。根据“…we can’t change the past, we can still try to make the future better．”可知，前句表示让步条件，应用Although。故选C。【写作佳句】—Excuse me, could you tell me what time it is?—It’s half past six ——对不起，你能告诉我现在几点了吗？——六点半了。考点 21 knockwhen he walks past our desks, he often knocks our books and pens onto the floor．他走过我们的课桌时，经常把我们的书和笔撞到地板上。【精讲】knock短语搭配 knock on / at 敲 e．g． Listen! Who is knocking on the door?knock off 把．．．撞倒 e．g． Mike knocked my books off the desk．knock over 把．．．撞翻 e．g．You may not knock over the trash can．【经典练】1．Listen! Someone ________ at the door of the meeting-room．A．knocked B．knocks C．is knocking D．was knocking【答案】C【详解】句意：听！有人在敲会议室的门。考查现在进行时。knocked敲，动词过去式/过去分词；knocks动词“三单”形式；is knocking现在进行时；was knocking过去进行时。根据“Listen!”可知，句子强调的是正在进行和发生的动作，时态为现在进行时，其结构为“is/am/are+现在分词”，主语为Someone，不定代词，不定代词作主语时看做单数，be动词为is，knock的现在分词为knocking。故选C。【写作佳句】I didn’t notice the knock on the door because I was listening to some loud music through earphones．我没有注意到敲门声，因为我当时用耳机在听一些大声的音乐。考点 22 worryWhen something worries me, I can always go to her．当有事困扰我时，我可以向她寻求帮助。【精讲】worry(1 ) worry vt．使．．．担忧;困扰 worry sb． 困扰某人;使某人担忧 e．g． His bad health worried his parents a lot． worry (that)．．． 担心．．．【补充】(1) worry vi．担心 worry about sb．/ sth．担心某人或某事(2) worried adj．担心的（可与动词同义替换) be worried about sb． / sth = worry about sb． 担心某人或某事 be worried (that) 担心．．．(3) worrying adj．令人担心的 e．g． The coming exam is quite worrying．【经典练】1．—Wasn’t Xiao Wang supposed to be here to send Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩) to us?—________． He will be here in 10 minutes．A．Don’t worry B．No wonder C．I’m afraid D．All right【答案】A【详解】句意：——小王不是应该来这里送冰墩墩给我们吗？——别担心。他10分钟后到。考查情景交际。Don’t worry别担心；No wonder难怪；I’m afraid我害怕；All right可以；根据“He will be here in 10 minutes．”可知，此处是安慰对方不要担心，故选A。【写作佳句】As a teacher, I really feel worried to see so many students wearing glasses．作为一名老师，看到这么多学生戴眼镜，我真的很担心。一．形容词/副词的比较级和最高级一、比较级和最高级的定义：1．比较级:表示“更……”，用于人或事物之间的比较；She is shorter than I am．My book is more interesting than his．2．最高级:表示“最……”，用于三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较，最高级前要加定冠词the。He is the tallest boy in our class．This is the most expensive computer in the shop．二、比较级和最高级的构成：（1）规则变化：1 )”短adj．” -er/-est①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er/-est : tall---taller---tallest smart---smarter---smartest great→greater→greatest②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r/-st :nice---nicer---nicest fine---finer---finest ③以辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er/-est: early---earlier---earliest happy---happier---happiest busy---busier---busiest ④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词,双写辅音字母，再加-er/-est : big---bigger---biggest thin---thinner---thinnest hot---hotter---hottest 2) “长adj．” more---/most---多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more/most : popular---more popular---most popular important---more important---most important （2）不规则变化：注意：形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不" ，如important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要1、比较级基本用法：1)“比较级+than …”结构 I am taller than you． He runs faster than I．2) “ A or B” Who is slimmer, Lucy or Kitty?更多用法：3) “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。It is getting warmer and warmer． 0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful．4) 表示“越…，就越…”，用“the+比较级，the+比较级…．” The busier ,the better． The more exercise you take, the healthier you will be．比较级前面可以加上much, a little, even, a lot,等词．He is much taller than I．他比我要高得多。 I jump a little higher than he．例：Mum, I’m feeling even _______ than yesterday． A． bad B． worse C． worst D．the worst6）“the more…of the two…”表示“两个当中较……的一个”The taller of the two boys is my brother．例：Of the two coats, the girl choose __________ one．A．less expensive B．the most expensive C．the less expensive D．the least expensive2、最高级基本用法：1）the +最高级 +of/ in …My mother is the busiest in my family Jim works (the) hardest of us．2) …A, B or C? Which do you best, blue, red or white?更多用法:3) “one of +最高级+复数名词”: He is one of the best students in our class． This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden．注意：在形容词最高级前有限定词时，不要定冠词the． This is her most interesting experience同时形容词最高级前要加the，但是副词最高级the可省。run (the) fastest the +序数词+最高级+名词单数介绍朋友本单元的话题是“朋友”,主要介绍朋友的外貌、性格、爱好、未来计划等相关内容。写作主要涉及对人物进行介绍。在具体的写作中,学生应注意以下几点:1．正确运用描述外貌特征和性格特点的相关词汇; 2．能够用简洁的语言介绍主人公的兴趣爱好和理想; 3．能够正确使用形容词的比较级和最高级进行比较。【常用词汇】good-looking好看的polite礼貌的tidy爱整洁的generous慷慨的sweet可爱的hard-working勤奋的patient耐心的be ready to do sth愿意做某事a sense of humour幽默感【常用句型】Mary likes music．She can sing and dance．She’s of medium height,and she has long straight hair．He has brown hair and wears glasses．The long hair makes her look so beautiful．My best friend Larry is quite different from me．My good friend likes to do the same things as me．I can tell her anything because she can keep a secret．She is willing to share things with her friends．A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart．Friends are like books—you don’t need a lot of them as long as they are good．典例赏析： Dave刚当选为Students Time杂志四月刊的封面人物(cover boy)，成为大家学习的榜样。现在请你参考所给信息写一篇介绍Dave的文章，向大家介绍他1．良好的学习与生活习惯，2．爱好, 3．才艺与特长。内容可适当拓展，以下信息仅做参考。字数在70词左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dave is the cover boy on April’s Students Time． He is fifteen years old． He gets up at 6:00． He likes sports, he usually runs from 6:15 to 6:45． He is a good student． He is good at all subjects． He never plays before doing homework． He usually goes to bed at 21:30． He likes reading books very much． He usually reads books for an hour every day． He uses the computer on weekends for half an hour． As for music, he is good at playing the violin． He wants to be a violinist in the future． This is the cover boy, Dave．We can learn a lot from this boy．【详解】1．题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。按照所给的提示内容，写一篇介绍Dave的短文。2．写作指导：本文采用第三人称，时态采用一般现在时。从年龄，生活习惯，兴趣爱好，天赋等方面来介绍，要包含所给的所有要点。写作时要保持主谓一致性，无语法和标点错误。【必备短语】1 something to drink 一些喝的东西2 have some more food 再吃点儿食物3 one of my best friends 我最好的朋友之一4 be willing to share things with her friends 愿意和她的朋友分享东西5 help me with my homework 帮助我做家庭作业6 give her seat on the bus to someone in need 在公共汽车上把她的座位让给有需要的人7 grow up 长大，成长8 make sb． look smart 是某人看上去聪明9 have a good sense of humour 有很强的幽默感10 tell funny jokes 讲有趣的笑话11 walk past our desks 经过我们的课桌12 knock…onto… 把……撞到……上13 say a bad word about sb．讲某人的坏话14 keep a secret 保守秘密15 travel around the world 环游世界16 both my neighbour and my best friend17 feel bored or unhappy 感到无聊或不快乐【核心句型】1 There’s nothing in the fridge．冰箱里没有东西2 He tells funny jokes and always makes me laugh．他讲滑稽的笑话而且总是使我大笑。3 When he walks past our desks, he often knocks our books and pens onto the floor．当他经过我们的课桌时，常把我们的书和钢笔撞到地上。4 When something worries me, I can always go to her．当某事使我担心时，我总是去找她。5 I can tell her anything because she can keep a secret．我能告诉她任何事情，意为她能保守秘密。6 My book is more interesting than his．我的书比他的有趣。7 I would like to be a social worker when I grow up．当我长大的时候，我想成为一名社会工作者。8 She always has a smile on her face and looks happy．她脸上总是带有微笑而且看上午很高兴。【重点语法】形容词比较级和最高级规则变化：① 多数形容词 = 词尾加 er 或 estlong tall clean长的 高的 干净的longer taller cleaner较长的 较高的 较干净的longest tallest cleanest最长的 最高的 最干净的② 以e结尾的形容词-------- 词尾加 r 或 stlarge late nice大的 晚的 好的larger later nicer较大的 较晚的 较好的largest latest nicest 最大的 最晚的 最好的③ 以结尾，且结尾只有一个的形容词-------双写这个，再加er 或 estbig hot thin大的 热的 瘦的bigger hotter thinner较大的 较热的 较瘦的biggest hottest thinnest最大的 最热的 最瘦的④ 以“ + y”结尾的形容词---------- 变y为i，再加er或 esteasy busy angry容易的 繁忙的 生气的easier busier angrier较容易的 较忙的 较生气的easiest busiest angriest最容易的 最忙的 最生气的⑤ 两个或两个以上音节的形容词-------- more/most + 形容词原级beautiful important美丽的 重要的more beautiful more important较美的 较重要的most beautiful most important最美的 最重要的不规则变化：good/well---better---best, bad/badly---worse---worst,many/much---more---most, little---less---least, far---farther/further---farthest/furthest 形容词原级，比较级和最高的用法：1 当两者进行比较时，通常用形容词的比较级形式，其后用than引出比较的对象。形容词比较级前常用much，a lot，even等修饰。‘比较级+and+比较级’表示‘越来越……’; ‘the+比较级，the+比较级’表示‘越……，越……’。2 当三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，表示‘最’的意思时，用形容词最高级形式，且最高级前面必须要有定冠词the，在使用形容词最高级时，后面通常接‘of．．．/in…’，表示比较的范围。当比较的范围与主语是同一类人或物，或属于同一概念是，要用介词of引导的短语；当比较的范围与主语不是同一类人或物，强调在某一范围或场所内进行比较时，要用介词in引导的短语。Unit1核心话题介绍朋友的外貌、性格、爱好、未来计划等重点词汇thirsty ,honest ,yourself,magazine ,good­looking ,make ,trust ,humorous,polite,tidy,lie,true; truly ．etc重点短语1．something to drink 2．have some more food 3．keep secrets/keep a secret 4．make sb happy 5．tell jokes/tell a joke 6．share one's joy 7．tell lies 8．care about 9．talk to sb 10．be ready to do sth 重点句型1．我能喝点儿东西吗？Can I have something to drink？2．我能再吃一点儿食物吗？Can I have some more food? 3．冰箱里什么也没有。There's nothing in the fridge．4．你碗里的比萨饼怎么样？What/How about the pizza in your bowl?5．也许我们可以一起吃/分享。Maybe we can share it．6．什么使你的朋友如此特别？What makes your friend so special ？语法形容词/副词的比较级和最高级写作对人物进行介绍词性词义过去式过去分词现在分词V．说谎liedliedlyingV．躺，卧laylainlyingn．需要，需求sb． in need 有需要的人*in need of sth．需要某物*satisfy / meet one's need 满足某人的需求(9BU3)v．需要肯定否定实义动词need to do sth．don't need to do sth．情态动词need do sth．needn't do sth．*特殊用法主动表被动: sth．need doing = sth． need to be donevoice嗓音指人的嗓音，说话声或歌声noise噪音指吵闹的，嘈杂的，让人烦躁的声音sound声音泛指可以听到的任何声音词性用法同义替换pastprep．常放于v．/ be后walk past our deskspassVt．V．的所有用法=pass our desks原级比较级最高级good/ wellbetterbestmany/ muchmoremostbad / badly（坏地）/illworseworstlittlelessleastoldolder（年龄）/ elder(辈份,长幼)oldest/ eldestfarfarther（表距离）/ further（表程度）farthest/ furthestStudents TimeAge: 15Habits: 6:00 get up 6:15 rundo homework before playing21:30 go to bed Hobbies: read books use the computerTalent: play the violin