2025版高考英语全程一轮复习语法专题提升训练题专题一复杂多变的动词第二讲非谓语动词外研版

这是一份2025版高考英语全程一轮复习语法专题提升训练题专题一复杂多变的动词第二讲非谓语动词外研版，共20页。
1．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left ________ (want) mre next time.
2．[2023·北京卷]She called fr actin ________ (address) the struggles f peple arund the wrld facing “t little water r t dirty water”．
3．[2023·全国甲卷]“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with its surrundings，” her fable begins, ________ (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age­ld fables.
4．[2023·全国乙卷]Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng t ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3，000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully ________ (build) system f ring rads.
5．[2022·全国乙卷]It can help t build a cmmunity with a ________ (share) future fr mankind.
6．[2022·全国甲卷]A visually­challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi'an, as a first step ________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft.
7．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]________ (cver) an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
8．[2021·浙江卷1月]In 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas.
9．[2021·天津3月卷]China's Natinal Highway 318, ________ (extend) ver 5, 000 kilmeters frm Shanghai t Zhangmu, Tibet, is knwn as the “heavenly rad” fr its amazing views.
●考点研析/破重点·析疑难·精准清障●
考点一非谓语动词的形式及句法功能
1.主动形式、被动形式：非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间往往存在主谓或动宾关系：与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时，用主动形式；与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时，用被动形式。
The meeting t be held tmrrw is f great imprtance.明天举行的会议非常重要。
2．时间先后关系
根据它与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系定时态。
(1)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生，用非谓语动词的一般式。
He heard the sng being sung next dr.
他听到隔壁有人在唱这首歌。
(2)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，用非谓语动词的完成式。
Having finished his hmewrk, he went t bed.
他完成作业之后就去睡觉了。
考点二非谓语动词作状语
1.不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语
I crssed the street t avid meeting him, but he saw me and came running twards me.
我穿过马路以便避开他，但他看到我并朝我跑了过来。
(2)nly t d sth.为不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。
We hurried t the statin, nly t be tld that the train had left.
我们急匆匆地赶到车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。
(3)表示情绪、情感类的形容词或过去分词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语。常见词有：happy, lucky, glad，srry，anxius，prud，disappinted，angry，surprised，ready，delighted，clever，flish，pleased，frtunate，right等。
Yu will never knw hw happy I was t see her yesterday.
你永远不会知道我昨天见到她有多高兴。
(4)在“主语＋系动词＋表语(形容词)＋t d”结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
该结构中常用的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，imprtant，impssible，interesting，pleasant，nice，cmfrtable，safe，dangerus等。
The chair lks rather hard, but in fact it is very cmfrtable t sit n.
这把椅子看上去很硬，但实际上坐上去很舒服。
2．分词作状语：分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般在句中作时间、原因、结果、方式、条件、伴随、让步等状语。
Translated int (＝When it was translated int) English, the sentence was fund t have an entirely different wrd rder.(作条件状语)
这个句子被译成英语后，人们发现它有一个完全不同的语序。
Nt knwing (＝Because he didn't knw) hw much lnger he culd last, Nichlas did the nly thing he culd—he huddled in his cave and slept.(作原因状语)
因为不知道还能维持(生存)多久，尼古拉斯做了他能做的唯一一件事——蜷缩在他的山洞里睡觉。
Used (＝If it is used) with care, ne tin will last fr six weeks.(作条件状语)
如果小心使用，一罐可以用六个星期。
Mre highways have been built in China, making it much easier fr peple t travel frm ne place t anther.(作结果状语)
中国已经修建了更多的公路，这让人们的出行变得更容易。
3．独立成分作状语：有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常考的有generally/frankly/rughly/strictly speaking, talking f, speaking f, judging frm/by, taking everything int cnsideratin, cmpared t/with, t be frank，t tell(yu)the truth, t be hnest, t make things wrse 等。
Judging frm his accent, he is frm Hng Kng.
从口音判断，他来自香港。
T tell yu the truth, I am a little tired.
说实话，我有点累。
4．独立主格结构：非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句子中作状语，我们称之为独立主格结构。
(1)独立主格结构的特点：①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。②独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词或不定式是逻辑上的主动或被动关系。③独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。
(2)独立主格结构的常见构成：①名词/代词＋分词；②名词/代词＋不定式；③with/withut＋名词/代词＋分词/不定式。
Weather permitting, we shall play the match tmrrw.
明天如果天气好，我们就进行比赛。
The test finished (＝When the test was finished), we began ur hliday.
考试结束后，我们就开始放假了。
即学即练
单句语法填空
1．[2023·全国乙卷]________ (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I was amazed by the c­existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while cnstantly grwing.
2．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) ________ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
3．[2022·全国乙卷]________ (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, inviting twenty­nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty­six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
4．[2022·全国甲卷]He flew 4，700 kilmeters frm Xi'an t Kashgar n Sept. 20, ________ (plan) t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths.
5．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity ________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
6．[2022·浙江6月卷]Blind peple recgnize shapes with their existing senses, in a way similar t that f ________ (sight) peple, says Ella Striem­Amit, a Harvard scientist.
7．[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]Eric wke up a little later when he heard children playing utside. He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ________ (see) them.
8．Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy ________ (change) lives.
9．________ (cmpare) with the western medicine's high fees，TCM has a reasnable price that rdinary peple can affrd.
10．________ (lcate) in a beautiful and quiet neighbrhd，the huse is big enugh t enable yu t have a rm f yur wn.
考点三非谓语动词作定语
①We are invited t a party t be held in ur club next Friday.
我们被邀请参加下星期五在我们俱乐部举办的晚会。
②He is always the first t arrive at schl and the last t leave schl.
他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。
③The park was full f peple, enjying (wh enjyed) themselves in the sunshine.
公园里人山人海，人们在阳光下玩得很快乐。
④Tsinghua University, funded (which was funded) in 1911, is hme t a great number f utstanding figures.
清华大学建立于1911年，是许多杰出人物的摇篮。
【名师指津】 (1)准确判定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系；
(2)准确判定非谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间，即是正在进行或已经完成还是将要发生。
The prblem discussed at the last meeting was f great imprtance.
The matter being discussed nw is f great imprtance.
The prblem t be discussed at the next meeting is f great imprtance.
即学即练
单句语法填空
1．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Shanghai may be the ________ (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring canal twn f Nanxiang as Xia lng Ba's birthplace.
2．[2023·全国甲卷]Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message ________ (intend) fr everyne.
3．[2022·全国甲卷]Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin ________ (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute (致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad.
4．[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth­flr apartment balcny (阳台), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2­metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the ________ (fall) child.
5．[2022·北京卷]Fearful that he might have an intentin ________ (harm) her, Helen started t run.
6．[2022·北京卷]One thery, increasingly ________ (supprt) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
7．[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure and ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur ________ (ache) legs.
8．[2021·浙江1月卷]This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple ________ (live) in the cuntryside, including lwer levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
9．[2021·北京卷]Frm 2000 t 2019，there were 7，348 majr natural disasters arund the wrld, ________ (result) in USD 2，970 billin in ecnmic lss.
10．A piece f stne ________ (find) n a Dutch beach suggests that ur extinct human relatives, knwn as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previusly thught.
考点四非谓语动词作宾语
1.只接不定式作宾语的动词：
agree, plan, prmise, prepare, decide, refuse, chse, wish, hpe, expect, fail (未能), pretend, manage, determine, beg, arrange, threaten, claim, hesitate, wait, happen (碰巧)等。
Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking (远足) and accmmdatins aim t have a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
这里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行，并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。
2．只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语：
admit, avid, cnsider, escape(避开), imagine, mind, miss, practise, suggest, feel like, give up, put ff, bject t, lk frward t等。此外，have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth. ；have fun (in) ding sth. 等结构中也用动名词作宾语。
I avided mentining the subject in case he shuld be ffended.
我避免提及这个话题，以免冒犯他。
It's quite ht tday. D yu feel like ging fr a swim？今天很热。你想去游泳吗？
3．接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词：
—That wuld mean wasting a lt f labur.
——那将意味着浪费许多劳动力。
—Really？I dn't mean t waste any labur.
——是吗？我并没打算浪费劳动力。
【名师指津】 (1)动词want, need, require作“需要”讲时，其后要用v.­ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语。与此用法相同的动词还有deserve(值得)和demand(需要)。
(2)不定式作动词(短语)learn, decide, knw, wnder, shw, tell, understand, explain, teach, advise, find ut 等的宾语时，前面常带引导词hw, what, whether, where, when, wh等。
(3)介词后一般要接v.­ing形式作宾语，但介词but/except后接不定式作宾语时，若前有实义动词d，不定式要省略t。
即学即练
单句语法填空
1．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]T eat ne, yu have t decide whether ________ (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
2．[2022·浙江1月卷]That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans ________ (cntinue) the practice. “It has been fairly rewarding.”， she says, “a really psitive change.”
3．[2022·全国乙卷改]S they are nt prducing carbn dixide and nt ________ (cause) air pllutin.
4．[2022·全国甲卷改]I was unwilling t talk with him and ften disbeyed his rule f nt ________ (stay) ut with my friends t late.
5．[2021·全国甲卷]After ________ (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!
6．Next keep in mind that frgiveness des nt necessarily mean ________ (accept) the actin f the persn wh upsets yu.
考点五非谓语动词作宾补
1.不定式作宾补：不定式作宾补时，宾语和不定式之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，不定式表示将要发出的主动动作。常接不定式作宾补的动词(短语)：advise, allw, ask, beg, cause, encurage, expect, frbid, frce, intend, invite, rder, persuade, prefer, require, remind, tell, want, warn, wish, call n, depend n等。
If we expect peple t give up the habit f driving, we must give them an alternative they can rely n.
如果我们期望人们放弃开车的习惯，我们必须给他们可以依赖的选择。
Having finished her prject, she was invited by the schl t speak t the new students.
完成项目之后，她被学校邀请去给新生讲话。
(1)有些动词，如think, cnsider, believe, suppse, feel, find等后常用t be作宾补或主补。
Chinese peple are cnsidered t be the mst hard­wrking peple in the wrld.
中国人被认为是世界上最勤劳的人民。
(2)在sb. be said/believed/knwn/reprted/cnsidered/thught＋t d/t have dne/t be ding结构中，不定式用作主语补足语。
The president was reprted t have visited China.
据报道，那位总统已经访问了中国。
2．分词作宾补
(1)现在分词作宾补时，现在分词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，且强调正在进行的主动动作。可接现在分词作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, bserve, ntice, hear, listen, feel)，使役动词(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch等。
Listen! D yu hear smene calling fr help?
听！你听到有人正在呼喊救命吗？
(2)过去分词作宾补时，过去分词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示被动动作。可接过去分词作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, bserve, ntice, hear, listen, feel)，使役动词(have, make, let, get), find, leave, keep等。
He fund himself surrunded by s many strangers.
他发现自己周围有那么多陌生人。
(3)使役动词have, get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点：
①have sth. dne＝get sth. dne让别人做某事；
②have sb./sth. ding让……一直做某事；
get sth./sb. ding使……开始做某事；
③have sb. d sth.=make sb. d sth
＝get sb. t d sth. 让某人做某事。
Befre driving int the city, yu are required t get yur car washed．
在开车进城之前，你需要洗洗车。
(4)with的复合结构：①with＋宾语＋ding表示主动，说明动作正在发生或经常发生；②with＋宾语＋dne表示被动或完成；③with＋宾语＋t d表示将要发生的动作。
The ld cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg fllwing them．
这老两口常常在晚饭后到公园里散步，他们的宠物狗则在后面跟着。
With such a shrt time left befre the deadline, it desn't seem likely that Jhn will finish the jb.
截止日期之前只剩下很短的时间，约翰似乎不可能完成工作了。
With a lt f wrk t d, she wasn't allwed t leave her ffice.
由于有许多工作要做，她不被允许离开办公室。
即学即练
单句语法填空
1．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Nanxiang aside, the best Xialngba have a fine skin, allwing them ________ (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
2．They make great gifts and yu see them many times ________ (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.
3．They start building their huts late in the summer，but d nt get them ________ (finish) befre the early frst.
4．[2024·江西南昌市八一中学模拟]Sme yung peple knw what they want t d, but many thers just have a few ideas ________ (wander) arund in their heads.
5．[2024·湖北恩施市一中模拟预测]Since the railway was put int peratin in 2011, Yuxinu has launched mre than 30 rutes, with ver 40 cities acrss 26 cuntries ________ (cnnect), and the rutes have recrded ver 8，000 freight train trips.
考点六非谓语动词作主语和表语
1.不定式作主语和表语
(1)不定式作主语时，一般表示具体某一次的动作。若不定式太长，常用it作形式主语而将不定式后置。
It is impssible fr a by t walk r bike the entire 80 kilmeters.
步行或骑行这完整的80千米是不可能的。
(2)不定式作表语时：①表示预定要发生的动作；②当主语是aim, purpse, idea, plan, wish, decisin, chice等词时，常用不定式作表语；③主语为what引导的名词性从句时，表语多用不定式。
His wish is t be a dctr in the future.
他的愿望是将来当一名医生。
What I want t d mst in senir high schl is t imprve my English.
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。
2．动名词作主语和表语
(1)动名词作主语常表示抽象的、泛指的概念，也可用it作形式主语，把作真正主语的动名词短语放在句末。常用于固定句型：It's a waste f time ding...; It's n use/gd ding...; It is useless ding...; There is n pint/sense ding... 等。
Facing up t yur prblems rather than running away frm them is the best apprach t wrking things ut.
直面你的问题而不是逃避它们，是解决这些问题最好的方法。
It's n use cmplaining withut taking actin.
不采取行动而只是抱怨是没用的。
(2)动名词作表语时相当于名词，用于解释主语的内容，表语和主语常常可以互换位置。
My jb is cleaning the huse three times a week.＝Cleaning the huse three times a week is my jb.
我的工作是每星期打扫三次房子。
(3)remain作系动词时，意为“仍然是”时，后可接现在分词或过去分词作表语；但作不及物动词时，意为“尚待……；留待……”时，后常接t be dne。
She remained standing thugh we repeatedly asked her t sit dwn.
虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下，但她还是站着。
It remains t be seen whether the newly­frmed cmmittee's plicy can be put int practice.
新成立的委员会提出的方针能否实行还有待观察。
即学即练
单句语法填空
1．[2023·全国乙卷]As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years ________ (recrd) everything I discvered.
2．[2021·全国甲卷]It is pssible ________ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
3．[2021·全国乙卷]Minimize the impact f ________ (visit) the place.
4．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]They are easy __________ (care) fr and make great presents.
5．[2020·北京卷]It takes them hundreds f years ________ (break) dwn.
●小试牛刀/夯基础·提技能·高效备考●
Ⅰ.语法填空
[2024·湖北省华中师范大学附属中学模拟]
The first time I entered the busy Chinese htpt restaurant, I was immediately impressed by the delicius smells and lively chatter. The waiter handed me a menu, but it was predminantly written in Chinese, 1.________ characters were cmpletely beynd my cmprehensin. With sme hesitatin, I decided t take 2.________ leap f faith and pinted at a few items n the menu that lked 3.________ (invite)．
As the bubbling pt was set 4.________ (bil), I watched with fascinatin as the waiter pured a fragrant brth (肉汤) int it. 5.________ (mix) with chili peppers, Sichuan peppercrns, and ther mysterius spices, the pt released a muthwatering arma int the air.
The mment f truth came 6.________ I tentatively dipped my chpsticks int the brth and added a slice f thinly sliced beef and a handful f vegetables. The first bite was an 7.________ (explde) f flavrs.
The numbing sensatin frm the Sichuan peppercrns danced n my tngue, and I understd the reasn fr the restaurant's name, “Spicy Heaven.”
I cntinued t experiment, trying varius ingredients and 8.________ (marvel) at nt nly the fd, but als the adventure, the 9.________ (delight) surprise f a wrld f flavrs in a single bubbling pt. 10.________ my limited knwledge f the Chinese language, I laughed with my newfund friends and shared stries.
Ⅱ.写作运用
完成下面短文，注意本部分语法的运用。
Dear Smith，
Hw are yu ding? I'm writing 1.________________________________________________ (邀请你参加我们将于6月1日在学校体育场举行的英语晚会), which is a gd chance 2.________________________________________ (展现你的英语才能) and mtivate students' interest in English learning. During the party yu will have a feast f varieties f 3.________________________________________ (我们自己准备的英语活动), including 4.________________________ (背英语诗歌)and singing famus English sngs, which I think will surely give yu a big surprise. Besides, I'd like t remind yu that the party starts at 6: 30 pm and ends at 8: 00 pm, s please cme n time if it is cnvenient fr yu. Lking frward t 5.________________________________________ (与你分享聚会中的愉快时光)!
Yurs，
Li Hua
第二讲 非谓语动词
高考感悟
1．答案与解析：wanting 考查非谓语动词。此处考查“leave sb.＋宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词。
2．答案与解析：t address 考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地的人们面临“水太少或水太脏”的难题。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。
3．答案与解析：brrwing 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与brrw之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。
4．答案与解析：built 考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system f ring rads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。
5．答案与解析：shared 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。
6．答案与解析：t jurney 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结合句意可知，jurney为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式作后置定语。
7．答案与解析：Cvering 考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作非谓语，cver和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。
8．答案与解析：studied 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式作后置定语，它的逻辑主语是cuntries，表被动关系。
9．答案与解析：extending 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词，故空处为非谓语动词，与句子的主语China's Natinal Highway 318是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词作状语。
考点研析
考点二
即学即练
1．答案与解析：Having visited 考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“ver the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。
2．答案与解析：t teach 考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。
3．答案与解析：T strengthen 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。
4．答案与解析：planning 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan (计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词表主动。
5．答案与解析：t increase 考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。
6．答案与解析：sighted 考查非谓语。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。sighted作定语修饰名词peple，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。
7．答案与解析：t see 考查非谓语动词。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，应该使用不定式作目的状语。
8．答案与解析：t change 考查非谓语动词。简单句中已有动词gave，故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语，是后置定语。
9．答案与解析：Cmpared 考查非谓语动词。句意：与西药的高额费用相比，传统中药的价格合理，普通人能够承担得起。cmpared with...为固定结构，在句中作状语，意为“与……相比”。
10．答案与解析：Lcated 考查非谓语动词。be lcated in...意为“坐落于……”，为固定短语，在句中作状语，故填Lcated。
考点三
即学即练
1．答案与解析：recgnized 考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词hme前面作定语，recgnize与hme是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recgnized“被公认的”。
2．答案与解析：intended 考查非谓语动词。be intended fr打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。
3．答案与解析：held 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hld应用非谓语动词形式，hld与the Belt and Rad Frum之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。
4．答案与解析：falling 考查非谓语动词。句中的hld ut为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。
5．答案与解析：t harm 考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intentin t d sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。
6．答案与解析：supprted 考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。
7．答案与解析：aching 考查非谓语动词。本空在句中作定语，ache与中心词legs是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词aching。
8．答案与解析：living 考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是peple，表主动关系，做后置定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。
9．答案与解析：resulting 考查非谓语动词。result in USD 2，970 billin in ecnmic lss在句中做结果状语。故填resulting。
10．答案与解析：fund 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。
考点四
即学即练
1．答案与解析：t bite 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide t d sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语。
2．答案与解析：t cntinue 考查动词不定式。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan t d sth.“计划做”。
3．答案与解析：causing 考查非谓语动词。句意：所以他们不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。连词and连接两个并列的现在分词。
4．答案与解析：staying 考查非谓语动词。句意：我不愿意和他交谈，经常违反他让我不要在外面待到很晚的规定。f为介词，后面的动词stay用动名词形式staying作宾语。
5．答案与解析：spending 考查非谓语动词。空前的After为介词，后应接动词的-ing形式。spend与we(句子主语)是主动关系，故填spending。
6．答案与解析：accepting 根据固定搭配mean ding sth.意为“意味着做某事”。
考点五
即学即练
1．答案与解析：t be lifted 考查非谓语动词。根据搭配allw sb. t d sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift ut与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填t be lifted。
2．答案与解析：decrated 考查非谓语动词。句意：句中them与decrate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decrated。
3．答案与解析：finished 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们从夏末开始建造小屋，直到早霜才能建完。get sth.dne为固定搭配，意为“让某事被完成”，故填finished。
4．答案与解析：wandering 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是have，故空处用非谓语动词，ideas和wander之间是主动关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。
5．答案与解析：cnnected 考查非谓语。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构，ver 40 cities acrss 26 cuntries为with的宾语，动词cnnect与宾语之间的关系为被动，此处需用过去分词cnnected作宾语补足语。
考点六
即学即练
1．答案与解析：recrding 考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) ding sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，用动名词形式。
2．答案与解析：t walk 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是固定句型“It is＋adj.＋(fr sb.)t d sth.”，It是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。
3．答案与解析：visiting 考查非谓语动词。在介词f后应接动名词(ding)作宾语，故填visiting。
4．答案与解析：t care 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be ＋形容词 ＋ t d”结构。故填t care。
5．答案与解析：t break 考查动词不定式。固定句型It takes sb./sth. ＋一段时间＋ t d sth.(花某人/物多长时间干某事)，此处用动词不定式(t d )作真正主语，It形式主语。故填t break。
小试牛刀
Ⅰ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己在四川吃火锅的经历。
1．答案与解析：whse 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese，其与characters是所属关系，关系词替代先行词从句作定语，故填whse。
2．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。take a leap f faith“信心剧增”，是固定短语。故填a。
3．答案与解析：inviting 考查形容词。lk是系动词，接形容词inviting“诱人的”作表语，故填inviting。
4．答案与解析：t bil 考查非谓语动词。be set t d sth.“准备好将要做某事”，此处用不定式形式，故填t bil。
5．答案与解析：Mixed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“(mix) with chili peppers, Sichuan peppercrns, and ther mysterius spices”作状语，非谓语动词mix与逻辑主语the pt是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故填Mixed。
6．答案与解析：as/when 考查从属连词。此处用从属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，用as或者when，谓语dip不是延续性动词，不可用while，故填as/when。
7．答案与解析：explsin 考查名词。不定冠词修饰单数名词，故填explsin。
8．答案与解析：marvelled/marveled 考查动词时态。marvel与cntinued并列作谓语，用一般过去时，故填marvelled/marveled。
9．答案与解析：delightful 考查形容词。修饰名词surprise用修饰物的形容词delightful“令人喜欢的”作定语，故填delightful。
10．答案与解析：With 考查介词。分析句子并根据句意可知，用介词with“拥有”构成介词短语作状语，故填With。
Ⅱ.写作运用
1．t invite yu t ur English party t be held n June 1st at the schl stadium
2．t display yur English talent
3．English activities well prepared by urselves
4．reciting English pems
5．sharing with yu the pleasant time in the party定语形式
功能
现在分词一般式ding
表示动作是主动进行的行为或者正在进行当中
现在分词一般式的被动结构being dne
表示动作是被动行为且正在进行当中
过去分词dne
表示动作是被动完成的行为或者单纯表示已经完成
动词不定式t d
表示将要发生的动作
动词不定式一般式的被动结构t be dne
表示将要被做的动作