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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists课后作业题
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这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists课后作业题，共12页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will the weather be like tmrrw?
A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.
2.Hw des the wman prbably feel?
A.Patient. B.Srry. C.Annyed.
3.What is the man buying?
A.A chair. B.A ladder. C.A bkcase.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A.Where t apply fr jbs.
B.Hw t deal with stress.
C.When t g shpping.
5.Why was the wman's credit card canceled?
A.She had a pr incme. B.She gt int heavy debt.
C.She made late payments.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the wman?
A.A custmer. B.A salespersn. C.A stre manager.
7.What des the man suggest the wman d?
A.Make a cmplaint. B.Let g f her anger.
C.Call the plice.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What des the wman ask the man t d?
A.Fix a time. B.Drp her ff n the way.
C.Take her dress t the cleaner's.
9.What day is it tday?
A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.
10.What will the speakers d n Sunday?
A.Buy tickets.
B.Watch the ftball game.
C.Attend the wedding ceremny.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.Why des the wman chse t stay in the UK?
A.It prvides pprtunities.
B.Her parents want her t stay.
C.She desn't like her hme cuntry.
12.What will the wman d next?
A.G t a research center.
B.Study in the ffice.
C.Ask fr advice.
13.What are the speakers talking abut?
A.Their parents. B.A career plan. C.Wrking experience.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.What is this cmpetitin abut?
A.Saving energy at hme.
B.Reducing nise pllutin.
C.Using technlgy creatively.
15.What is the stne used fr?
A.Starting the machine.
B.Increasing air pressure.
C.Prducing carbn dixide.
16.What is the liquid cming frm carbn dixide in the dishwasher designed t d?
A.Clean the dishes. B.Start the machine.
C.Give pressure t the stne.
17.Why des the wman cme t the man?
A.T discuss the way f writing a paper.
B.T find the right material fr a mdel.
C.T study the apprach t detailed drawings.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.When did Manfred Steiner gain his medical degree?
A.In 1951. B.In 1955. C.In 2000.
19.What did Steiner's prfessr think f him?
A.Determined. B.Generus. C.Stubbrn.
20.What is Steiner's plan fr his future?
A.T publish his stry.
B.T ffer advice n success.
C.T help the prfessrs in Brwn.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Smart Kids Festival Events
“Smart Kids” is a cllectin f ne hundred events scheduled in Octber. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What Yu Decide (PWYD). That is, yu can decide t pay fr what yu want r can affrd, after yu have attended an event.Yu can pre-bk events withut paying fr a ticket in advance. Here are sme f the directr's picks.
Walk n the Wild Side
Nt ticketed, Free
Jin stryteller Sarah Law t hear science stries abut animals.Alng the way yu'll meet all srts f beautiful creatures and discver life cycles and fd chains.It's best suited t children aged 5-9.Children under 8 must be accmpanied by an adult.
Intrductin t Waves
Pre-bk, PWYD
Subjects range frm sund waves t gravity waves, and frm waves f light t crashing waves n the cean. Mike Gldsmith explres the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural wrld.
Science in the Field
Nt ticketed, Free
This strytelling night features a scientist sharing his favurite memries f gathering first-hand data n varius field trips. Cme alng fr inspiring and infrmative stries straight frm the scientist's muth. Jin Mark Samuels t find ut mre in this fun-filled wrkshp.
Festival Dinner
Pre-bk,￡25 per persn
Whether yu want t explre mre abut fd, r just fancy a talk ver a meal, jin us t mark the first science festival in Lndn. Which fd shuld yu eat t trick yur brain int thinking that yu are full? Find ut mre frm Tm Crawfrd.
21.In which event can yu decide the payment?
A.Festival Dinner. B.Walk n the Wild Side.
C.Science in the Field. D.Intrductin t Waves.
22.Wh will talk abut experiences f cllecting direct data?
A.Sarah Law. B.Mike Gldsmith.
C.Mark Samuels. D.Tm Crawfrd.
23.What d the fur events have in cmmn?
A.They are all family-based.
B.They are all science-themed.
C.They are all picked by children.
D.They are all filled with adventures.
B
Ada Lvelace was brn n December 10th 1815. Ada's mther and father (the famus pet Lrd Gerge Grdn Byrn) parted just weeks after she was brn. Her mther feared her t grw up with her father's changeable nature. T stp this frm happening, Ada was frced by her mther t learn science and mathematics, which was unusual fr wmen at the time. She was als punished if her wrk was nt up t standard. Hwever, she was greatly interested in mathematics and science and wuld perhaps have learned abut them n her wn.
Ada was partially disabled and as a result spent much time studying. Ada knew f her mther's thught abut keeping the creative side f her frm germinating(萌芽). Hwever, as Ada herself is knwn t have said, “If yu can't give me petry, can't yu give me petical science?” Ada gt married at 19, t William King wh was made the Earl f Lvelace in 1838, at which pint she became Lady Ada King, the Cuntess f Lvelace, but was knwn as Ada Lvelace. Ada and King had a relatively happy marriage, with King even encuraging his wife's lve f numbers.
During her yuth, Ada was intrduced t the Sct, Mary Smerville, wh was knwn as the “Queen f 19th Century Science” and was the first wman t be accepted int the Ryal Astrnmical Sciety. It was thrugh Mary Smerville that Ada first heard f Charles Babbage's idea fr a new calculating(计算) engine. Attracted by this idea, Ada began a perid f letter-writing with him that wuld cme t decide her prfessinal life.
Ada met Babbage when she was arund 17 and the tw became clse friends. Babbage was wrking n an “Analytical Engine”, smething he was designing t deal with cmplex calculatins. Ada was later asked t translate an article. She nt nly translated the article but added pages and pages f ntes, calculatins and innvatins(新事物). Her ntes were published in 1843 and it turned ut that what she had written was s riginal. It is nw seen as the first cmprehensive cmment n what wuld becme mdern-day cmputer prgramming. Althugh impressive, Ada was nt actually given credit fr the article until 1848.
24.What happened t Ada in her childhd?
A.She was pushed t learn scientific knwledge.
B.She had t cmpare herself with ther wmen.
C.She gave up learning because f her father.
D.She was greatly cared fr by her father.
25.What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Ada thught petry was bring.
B.Ada believed petry was harder than science.
C.Ada thught science was creative.
D.Ada was interested in bth science and petry.
26.What decided Ada's prfessinal life?
A.The supprt f the Ryal Astrnmical Sciety.
B.Her cmmunicatin with Babbage.
C.Her husband's encuragement.
D.Smerville's suggestins.
27.What did Ada d after she met Babbage?
A.She taught peple hw t prgram.
B.She invented an “Analytical Engine”.
C.She praised Babbage's achievements.
D.She translated an article and develped it.
C
Bking yur next vacatin t space culd sn be a reality. Orbital Assembly Crpratin annunced tw new statin cncepts designed with space turism accmmdatins. One f the statins, called Pineer, culd rbit Earth as early as 2025.
The Gateway Fundatin circulated ideas fr a space htel in 2019. The gal f the statins is t run a space business park that can serve as a hme away frm hme with rm fr ffices and turists. Orbital Assembly was funded by the Gateway Fundatin team as a way t help make these dreams cme true.
The prpsed Pineer Statin can accmmdate 28 peple. The secnd statin, Vyager, scheduled t pen in 2027, can hld up t 400 peple. “The gal has always been t make it pssible fr large numbers f peple t live, wrk and thrive in space,” says Orbital Assembly's COO Tim Alatrre.
Bth statins lk like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allws guests t mve cmfrtably n each statin. Pineer features five mdules built arund the rtating “Gravity Ring” architecture design. Turists may still feel sme weightlessness but will als be able t drink ut f a cup and wn't have t be tied t a bed t sleep. “The gravity wrks like hw a spinning bucket pushes the water ut t the sides f the bucket and stays in place,” Alatrre explains. Near the middle f the statin, there will be n artificial gravity, but gravity gradually increases further away frm the center.
While the Pineer Statin will be smaller than Vyager, guests can still shwer, eat and drink sitting dwn in areas with gravity. Each statin is furnished like luxury htels n Earth. Vyager will feature a restaurant and suites with views f Earth.
A significant barrier t space travel is the cst. Hwever, Orbital Assembly expects turists t seek a trek int space as space travel eventually becmes less expensive. “We envisin ur Pineer and Vyager space statins as the ultimate ecturism destinatins. Once peple get t space, it will change their perspective n Earth,” Alatrre says. “Space travel is still at its early stage, and we're excited t d ur part t push it frward t help imprve life n Earth.”
28.What is the gal f the Pineer and Vyager space statins?
A.T revlutinize space travel.
B.T serve as luxury htels in space.
C.T ffer a unique and immersive experience.
D.T enable the large scale f living and wrking in space.
29.What d the Pineer and Vyager space statins have in cmmn?
A.Artificial gravity. B.Suites with views.
C.Opening time. D.Passenger capacity.
30.What can we learn frm paragraph 4?
A.The “Gravity Ring” rtates arund the statin.
B.The gravity is weak in the central pint f the statin.
C.The gravity perates like a spinning bucket keeping water inside.
D.The “Gravity Ring” n Pineer is the same as that n Vyager.
31.What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.N Gravity Travel: Pineer and Vyager Statins
B.Space Htels fr Humans: Pineer and Vyager Statins
C.Overcming the Barrier: Pineer and Vyager Statins
D.Luxury Travel Destinatins: Pineer and Vyager Statins
D
Outer space is getting spicier(更辛辣的), thanks t a new NASA plan t add a little mre flavr t astrnauts' diets.
Astrnauts abard the Internatinal Space Statin (ISS) are grwing red and green chili peppers(辣椒)fr the very first time. A team f researchers at the Kennedy Space Center planted 48 seeds in a device called a science carrier, which has clay fr rts t grw in and a specially frmulated cntrlled-release fertilizer. The device is fitted int the Advanced Plant Habitat(APH), ne f three plant grwth rms abard.
“The APH is the largest plant grwth facility n the space statin and has 180 sensrs and cntrls fr mnitring plant grwth and the envirnment,” said prject manager Nicle Dufur. “It is a diverse grwth rm, and it allws us t help cntrl the experiment frm Kennedy, reducing the time astrnauts spend tending t the crps.”
The peppers will spend abut fur mnths grwing befre they can be harvested and eaten, marking the first time astrnauts have planted peppers n the statin frm seeds t maturity.
“It is ne f the mst cmplex plant experiments n the statin t date because f the lng germinatin and grwing time,” said Matt Rmeyn. “We have previusly tested flwering t increase the chance f a successful harvest because astrnauts will have t pllinate(给……授粉) the peppers t bear fruit.” Researchers will mnitr the grwth f the peppers and cmpare them with a cntrl grup n Earth.
“The challenge is the ability t feed crews in lw-Earth rbit, and then t sustain explrers during future missins beynd lw-Earth rbit t destinatins including the Mn and eventually t Mars,” Rmeyn said. “We are limited t crps that dn't need strage, r extensive prcessing.”
“This is imprtant because the fd astrnauts eat needs t be as gd as the rest f the equipment. T successfully send peple t Mars and bring them back t Earth, we will nt nly require the mst nutritius fds, but the best-tasting nes as well,” said team leader LaShelle Spencer.
32.Hw des the first sentence sund?
A.Magical. B.Humrus.
C.Rmantic. D.Scientific.
33.Which f the fllwing statements abut the crps in the APH is true accrding t Nicle?
A.They are mnitred by phnes.
B.They dn't need fertilizer t grw well.
C.They mainly grw in a water tank.
D.They can be lked after by peple n Earth.
34.Hw will astrnauts help grw peppers?
A.By getting the peppers pllinated.
B.By recrding the peppers' grwth.
C.By watering the peppers n time.
D.By keeping the grwing rm warm.
35.Why d astrnauts try grwing crps n the ISS?
A.T slve the fd prblem n Earth.
B.T prepare plants' grwth in ther planets.
C.T enrich astrnauts' diets n further destinatins.
D.T cultivate crps with n extensive prcessing.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t becme a scientist
Be curius. Scientists chse t becme scientists because they are curius abut the wrld arund them and hw the things in it wrk. This curisity leads them t investigate the things behind what they see.
36 Becming a scientist takes a lng time. There are very few careers that take lnger than this ne. Even when yu're dne with yur educatin, yu still have t get research under yur belt. If yu're an instant-gratificatin(即时满足的) type f persn, this may nt be the right career fr yu.
Be diligent and persevere. It's been said that jbs in science are the lwest paid in the US. What this is getting at is that because f the lng path t success, fr a while yu wn't be living lavishly(奢侈地). 37
Have the need t always keep learning. 38 Whether it's reading peer-reviewed jurnals, attending seminars, r wrking tward getting yur wrk published, yu'll always be learning. 39 In thse years f waiting fr results, yu need t cnstantly be lking fr the smallest changes in what yu expect t see. Yur eyes need t be fcused and ready at all times.
Think differently. Think back t Newtn's apple falling n his head r Archimedes' jumping int his tub and displacing water. Mst peple wuld think nthing f these events, but these men saw smething else, smething n ne else was seeing at the time. 40
A.Observatin skills are als necessary.
B.Be patient with climbing the career ladder.
C.Things are ging t be tugh fr a while.
D.Then yu're prbably made f the right stuff.
E.As the saying ges, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
F.Actually what every scientist des is seek ut knwledge.
G.T make prgress in human knwledge, yu have t think differently.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Careers in science are generally believed t be t cmplex fr students wh aren't talented r clever enugh, but Sctt Kelly, cmmander f the Internatinal Space Statin, wuld prve it's wrng.
As a kid, he was absent-minded and 41 in science and all ther subjects as well. He culdn't 42 what the teachers said in class. Therefre, he earned terrible grades and 43 graduated frm high schl, and he even thught he wuld never 44 his dreams.
That all 45 when he picked up the film The Right Stuff, Tm Wlfe's classic accunt f the pineering Americans wh first explred space. 46 , he was determined t be an astrnaut, which meant ding well in 47 class. S frm that day n, he 48 his mind t d well in it.
After s many years f daydreaming, it wuldn't be 49 . But he started regarding study as a game. The mre he 50 his study skills, the better grades he gt. Eventually, it became a(n) 51 with himself t see hw gd he culd get. Then the frmer 52 started getting straight A's in science, which is 53 fr thse wh want t be an astrnaut.
S we need t stp 54 the idea that science is just t hard. Everyne can learn this stuff—he just needs t be 55 t d the wrk.
B.absrbed
C.engaged D.experienced
n B.bank n C.lk int D.fcus n
B.nearly
C.barely D.successfully
B.acknwledge
C.end D.achieve
B.suspended C.ccurred D.changed
B.Depressed C.Satisfied D.Shcked
B.architecture C.gegraphy D.chemistry
up B.made up
C.passed up D.weighed up
B.difficult
C.easy D.decent
B.practiced C.arranged D.exchanged
B.agreement C.cmpetitin D.guidance
B.daydreamer C.scientist D.pineer
B.superir C.cnvenient D.wrthy
B.abandning
C.emphasising D.dismissing
B.available C.afraid D.willing
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Accrding t a reprt by Suth China Mrning Pst, China is planning t launch a hyperlp(超级高铁), als knwn 56 a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the prject ges as 57 (plan), the new train will be the wrld's fastest grund-based transprt.
In the past few days, the Chinese gvernment fficers 58 (annunce) the apprval f the cuntry's first hyperlp line. Its 59 (lng) will be 150 kilmeters, and it will pass between Shanghai and Hangzhu. The distance between the tw cities can be cvered in abut three hurs by car r an hur by high-speed train. But the hyperlp can reach the speed f 1000 km/h, 60 means the rute can be cmpleted in just 15 minutes.
The prject will make China ne f the pineers in hyperlp technlgy, 61 (allw) faster travel between several majr cities. The hyperlp prvides 62 high-security level with lw energy cnsumptin. The technlgy will 63 (far) advance China's psitin as a leader in transprt.
A super-fast hyperlp train in China has cmpleted 64 (it) first test runs. These cnsisted f three test runs at a supercnducting maglev test line in Datng, Shanxi Prvince. Hwever, the current tube available fr trials measures nly 2 km lng. It 65 (expect) t be extended t 60 km in the near future.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Peter听说,在中国,现在人工智能已经进入人们的日常生活,其中包括旅游业。他来信询问你国庆假期是否有这方面的体验,请用英文给他回信,内容包括:
1.购买门票可直接手机支付;
2.面部识别入景区;
3.邀请他来体验。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
参考词汇:面部识别facial recgnitin
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Cut, cut, cut!” I shuted. But that didn't stp Chewy frm chasing after the squirrels(追逐松鼠) that had caught his eye halfway thrugh the sht.
“Yu're suppsed t be running after the thief, nt squirrels!” I said.
But Chewy didn't care. He had already mved n t chewing his leash(皮带). What kind f Hllywd dg wears a leash? It was Dad's rule, thugh. Because Chewy was nly a little dg, I had t keep him n the leash whenever we filmed utside. As lng as I fllwed that rule, I culd use Dad's ld cellphne t sht my mvie.
“Let's try this again,” I said.
This time, Chewy ran the entire length f the backyard. With the leash n, thugh, he didn't exactly appear t be in any real hurry t catch anyne. The nly way t make this lk real wuld be t take ff the leash. But that wuld mean breaking the prmise I made t Dad.
On the ther hand, if I mved quickly and was careful with my camera angles, wuld Dad ever knw abut it?
After taking ff the leash, I put Chewy dwn, ready t recrd. But befre I culd shut “Actin!”, Chewy ran acrss the yard and dwn the driveway and jumped in circles arund Mrs. Yang, ur next-dr neighbr.
“Yu must smell the dg biscuits I just bught fr yu,” she said t him. That's when Chewy nticed her bag. As if it were ne f his tys, he grabbed it with his muth and pulled. Mrs. Yang's things drpped n the sidewalk.
I wanted t aplgize and help Mrs. Yang pick up her things. But then I remembered smething. If Dad fund ut that I had taken Chewy's leash ff, I wuldn't be able t use his cellphne any mre. In a panic, I tk Chewy and ran inside the huse.
When Dad arrived hme that evening, I handed him his cellphne. “Did yu finish shting yur mvie already?” he asked.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
I shk my head and tld him everything that had happened.
“Aplgy accepted,” said Mrs. Yang.
答案全解全析
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项以科学为主题的活动以及各项活动的内容和特色。
21.D 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“it is experimenting with...(PWYD) affrd”可知,PWYD指你可以决定为你想要的或能买得起的东西付钱,而四项活动的介绍中只有Intrductin t Waves有PWYD。故选D。
22.C 细节理解题。根据Science in the Field部分中的“a first-hand data n...”和“Jin Mark Samuels t find ut...”可知,Mark Samuels会谈论收集一手数据的经历。故选C。
23.B 推理判断题。根据Walk n the Wild Side部分中的“hear science stries”、Intrductin t Waves部分中的“Subjects range crashing waves n the cean.”、Science in the Field部分中的“a scientist data”和Festival Dinner部分中的“mark the first science festival”可知,四项活动的共同点是它们都以科学为主题。故选B。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要叙述了Ada Lvelace的事迹,展现了她对数学和科学知识的热爱。
24.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ was frced by her mther t learn science and mathematics, which was unusual fr wmen at the time. She was als punished if her wrk was nt up t standard.”可知,Ada小时候,她的母亲强迫她学习科学知识。故选A。
25.C 句意猜测题。根据第一段的内容和第二段中的“keeping the creative side f her frm germinating”可知,母亲不愿Ada继承父亲多变的特质,所以强迫她学习科学知识,让她的创造力无法萌发,但Ada对数学和科学很感兴趣。画线句将petry和science进行比较,说明她认为科学如诗歌般具有创造性。故选C。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Attracted by this idea, Ada began a perid f letter-writing with him that wuld cme t decide her prfessinal life.”可知,Ada与Charles Babbage针对科学知识展开的交流决定了她以后的职业生涯。故选B。
27.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She nt nly translated the article but added pages and pages f ntes, calculatins and innvatins.”可知,她翻译了一篇文章并添加了很多注释。故选D。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了先锋站和旅行者站两个空间站的建设和运行情况,未来人们有望去太空度假。
28.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The gal f the statins is t run a space business park that can serve as a hme away frm hme with rm fr ffices and turists.”和第三段中的“The gal has always been t make it pssible fr large numbers f peple t live, wrk and thrive in space”可知,这两个空间站的目标是使在太空中的大规模生活和工作成为可能。故选D。
29.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Bth statins lk like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allws guests t mve cmfrtably n each statin.”可知,这两个空间站的共同之处在于都采用了人工重力。故选A。
30.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The gravity wrks like hw a spinning bucket pushes the water ut t the sides f the bucket and stays in place”可知,重力的动作方式类似于旋转桶,桶旋转时将其中的水推向桶的四周并保持在原地。故选C。
31.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的“One f the statins, called Pineer, culd rbit Earth as early as 2025.”和第三段中的“The secnd statin, Vyager, scheduled t pen in 2027, can hld up t 400 peple.”可知,文章主要介绍了两个可以为太空游客提供食宿的空间站——先锋站和旅行者站的建设和运行情况。因此,B项“Space Htels fr Humans: Pineer and Vyager Statins”符合文章主旨。故选B。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了国际空间站上的宇航员首次种植了辣椒。
32.B 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,美国国家航空航天局计划为宇航员的饮食增加更多的味道,宇航员因此在国际空间站上种植了辣椒,而文章首句的“外太空正变得更加辛辣”是对此事的一个幽默诙谐的说法。故选B。
33.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it allws us t help cntrl the experiment frm Kennedy”可知,在APH中生长的作物可以由地球上的人照看。故选D。
34.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“astrnauts will have t pllinate the peppers t bear fruit”可知,宇航员通过给辣椒授粉来帮助种植辣椒。故选A。
35.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“T successfully send peple t Mars and bring them back t Earth, we will nt nly require the mst nutritius fds, but the best-tasting nes as well”可推测,宇航员在国际空间站上试验种植作物是为了在更远的目的地享用有营养且味道最好的食物。故选C。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从几个方面介绍了如何成为一名科学家,包括有好奇心、有耐心、勤奋且持之以恒、不断学习和从不同角度思考。
36.B 根据后句“Becming a scientist takes a lng time.”可知,成为科学家需要很长时间,所以B项“Be patient with climbing the career ladder.”符合语境。故选B。
37.C 根据前句“What this is getting at is that because f the lng path t success, fr a while yu wn't be living lavishly.”可知,通往成功的道路可能会很艰难,所以C项“Things are ging t be tugh fr a while.”符合语境。故选C。
38.F 根据前句“Have the need t always keep learning.”和后句“Whether it's reading peer-reviewed jurnals, attending seminars, r wrking tward getting yur wrk published, yu'll always be learning.”可知,科学家不断地在学习,也就是在寻求知识,所以F项“Actually what every scientist des is seek ut knwledge.”符合上下文语境。故选F。
39.A 根据后文“Yur eyes need t be fcused and ready at all times.”可知,成为科学家需要有观察能力,所以A项“Observatin skills are als necessary.”符合语境。故选A。
40.G 根据本段主旨句“Think differently.”可知,本段主要是介绍成为科学家的条件之一就是从不同角度思考问题,所以G项“T make prgress in human knwledge, yu have t think differently.”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Sctt Kelly从一个成天做白日梦的差等生,到下定决心成为一名宇航员,努力学习科学并实现梦想的故事。
41.A 根据空格前的“absent-minded”可知,他心不在焉,对科学和其他所有科目都不感兴趣。 故选A。
42.D 根据下文的“Therefre, he earned terrible grades”可知,因为课上不能集中注意力听老师讲课,所以他成绩糟糕。故选D。
43.C 根据上文的“Therefre, he earned terrible grades”可知,他成绩差,所以勉强能从高中毕业。故选C。
44.D 根据空后的“his dreams”和上文描述可知,他成绩差,所以他甚至认为自己永远无法实现自己的梦想。 故选D。
45.D 根据下文的“when he picked up the film The Right Stuff”和“he was determined t be an astrnaut”可知,这部电影对他影响很大,他想要成为一名宇航员,所以是一切都发生了改变。故选D。
46.A 上句提到《太空英雄》这部电影,下文提到他决心成为一名宇航员,应是受到了电影的启发。故选A。
47.A 要想成为一名宇航员,应该是在科学课上表现出色,下文的“straight A's in science”也是提示。 故选A。
48.B 为了成为一名宇航员,他下定决心学好科学。故选B。
49.C 根据空格前的“After s many years f daydreaming”可知,因为这么多年都在做白日梦,所以实现梦想不易。故选C。
50.B 根据空后的“his study skills, the better grades he gt”可知,此处指学习技巧练习得越多,他的成绩就越好。故选B。
51.C 根据空后的“see hw gd he culd get”可知,此处指他开始和自己比赛,看自己能做得多好。故选C。
52.B 此处是说他之前是什么样的,由上文的“s many years f daydreaming”可知他之前是一个经常做白日梦的人。故选B。
53.A 要想成为宇航员,科学成绩全优是必不可少的。故选A。
54.C 根据下文“Everyne can learn this stuff”可知,每个人都可以学习科学,所以不要再强调科学太难了这一观点。故选C。
55.D 只要大家愿意学习科学,就可以学好科学。故选D。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。据《南华早报》报道,中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁。如果该项目按计划进行,新列车将成为世界上最快的地面交通工具。
56.as 考查介词。固定搭配be knwn as意为“被称为”,故填as。
57.planned 考查状语从句的省略。分析句子可知,as引导的状语从句省略了主语和be动词,补充完整为“as it (the prject) is planned”。故填planned。
58.have annunced 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,由时间状语In the past few days可知,设空处应用现在完成时;主语fficers为名词复数,谓语应用复数形式。故填have annunced。
59.length 考查名词。设空处前面为形容词性物主代词Its,所以设空处应用名词。故填length。
60.which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语,修饰前面整个主句,所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。
61.allwing 考查动词-ing形式。分析句子可知,设空处为非谓语动词作状语,提示词allw与其逻辑主语The prject之间为主动关系,所以应用动词-ing形式。故填allwing。
62.a 考查冠词。level在此处为可数名词,这里表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且high-security的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
63.further 考查副词的比较级。分析句子可知,设空处作状语修饰谓语动词advance,表示“更远地,进一步”,应用副词far的比较级further。
64.its 考查形容词性物主代词。设空处修饰其后的名词短语first test runs,所以应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
65.is expected 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,结合上文时态和此处语境可知应用一般现在时;主语It和提示词expect之间为被动关系,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is expected。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Peter,
I'm happy t hear frm yu. Here I'd like t share with yu what I experienced during the week-lng Natinal Day hliday.
Firstly, wherever and whenever we went, we culd use the mbile payment, including buying admissin tickets. Mre interestingly, we n lnger had t get int turist attractins with the ID card. We culd d it thrugh facial recgnitin, which really saved time s that we didn't have t wait in a queue.
I d hpe yu can cme t China and experience all f this when yu have spare time. Lking frward t yur arrival!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
One pssible versin:
I shk my head and tld him everything that had happened. “Thanks fr telling me,” said Dad when I finished the stry. Then I added, “I als need t talk t Mrs.Yang.” Dad std n the sidewalk hlding Chewy while I walked twards Mrs. Yang's frnt dr. My hands shk as I kncked. T my surprise, Mrs. Yang answered with a smile. I aplgized t her fr running away and nt helping pick up her things. “I was frightened,” I said, “and I was s absrbed in trying t finish my mvie that I made sme bad decisins. I'm s srry.”
“Aplgy accepted,” said Mrs.Yang. “Did yu say yu're making a mvie? Abut Chewy?” she asked. I ndded. “Well, I'd lve t see it when it's finished,” said Mrs. Yang. Then she tld me that her sn wned a cffee shp nearby, where he had a screen and prjectr. She wuld ask him if we culd have a viewing party there. “That wuld be incredible,”I said. “Maybe Chewy culd cme and see himself n the big screen,” Mrs. Yang said with a smile.
1.B
2.C
3.B
4.A
5.C
6.B
7.B
8.C
9.A
10.C
11.A
12.C
13.B
14.C
15.A
16.A
17.B
18.B
19.A
20.C
21.D
22.C
23.B
24.A
25.C
26.B
27.D
28.D
29.A
30.C
31.B
32.B
33.D
34.A
35.C
36.B
37.C
38.F
39.A
40.G
41.A
42.D
43.C
44.D
45.D
46.A
47.A
48.B
49.C
50.B
51.C
52.B
53.A
54.C
55.D
56.as 57.planned 58.have annunced 59.length 60.which
61.allwing 62.a 63.further 64.its 65.is expected
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will the weather be like tmrrw?
A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.
2.Hw des the wman prbably feel?
A.Patient. B.Srry. C.Annyed.
3.What is the man buying?
A.A chair. B.A ladder. C.A bkcase.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A.Where t apply fr jbs.
B.Hw t deal with stress.
C.When t g shpping.
5.Why was the wman's credit card canceled?
A.She had a pr incme. B.She gt int heavy debt.
C.She made late payments.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the wman?
A.A custmer. B.A salespersn. C.A stre manager.
7.What des the man suggest the wman d?
A.Make a cmplaint. B.Let g f her anger.
C.Call the plice.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What des the wman ask the man t d?
A.Fix a time. B.Drp her ff n the way.
C.Take her dress t the cleaner's.
9.What day is it tday?
A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.
10.What will the speakers d n Sunday?
A.Buy tickets.
B.Watch the ftball game.
C.Attend the wedding ceremny.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.Why des the wman chse t stay in the UK?
A.It prvides pprtunities.
B.Her parents want her t stay.
C.She desn't like her hme cuntry.
12.What will the wman d next?
A.G t a research center.
B.Study in the ffice.
C.Ask fr advice.
13.What are the speakers talking abut?
A.Their parents. B.A career plan. C.Wrking experience.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.What is this cmpetitin abut?
A.Saving energy at hme.
B.Reducing nise pllutin.
C.Using technlgy creatively.
15.What is the stne used fr?
A.Starting the machine.
B.Increasing air pressure.
C.Prducing carbn dixide.
16.What is the liquid cming frm carbn dixide in the dishwasher designed t d?
A.Clean the dishes. B.Start the machine.
C.Give pressure t the stne.
17.Why des the wman cme t the man?
A.T discuss the way f writing a paper.
B.T find the right material fr a mdel.
C.T study the apprach t detailed drawings.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.When did Manfred Steiner gain his medical degree?
A.In 1951. B.In 1955. C.In 2000.
19.What did Steiner's prfessr think f him?
A.Determined. B.Generus. C.Stubbrn.
20.What is Steiner's plan fr his future?
A.T publish his stry.
B.T ffer advice n success.
C.T help the prfessrs in Brwn.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Smart Kids Festival Events
“Smart Kids” is a cllectin f ne hundred events scheduled in Octber. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What Yu Decide (PWYD). That is, yu can decide t pay fr what yu want r can affrd, after yu have attended an event.Yu can pre-bk events withut paying fr a ticket in advance. Here are sme f the directr's picks.
Walk n the Wild Side
Nt ticketed, Free
Jin stryteller Sarah Law t hear science stries abut animals.Alng the way yu'll meet all srts f beautiful creatures and discver life cycles and fd chains.It's best suited t children aged 5-9.Children under 8 must be accmpanied by an adult.
Intrductin t Waves
Pre-bk, PWYD
Subjects range frm sund waves t gravity waves, and frm waves f light t crashing waves n the cean. Mike Gldsmith explres the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural wrld.
Science in the Field
Nt ticketed, Free
This strytelling night features a scientist sharing his favurite memries f gathering first-hand data n varius field trips. Cme alng fr inspiring and infrmative stries straight frm the scientist's muth. Jin Mark Samuels t find ut mre in this fun-filled wrkshp.
Festival Dinner
Pre-bk,￡25 per persn
Whether yu want t explre mre abut fd, r just fancy a talk ver a meal, jin us t mark the first science festival in Lndn. Which fd shuld yu eat t trick yur brain int thinking that yu are full? Find ut mre frm Tm Crawfrd.
21.In which event can yu decide the payment?
A.Festival Dinner. B.Walk n the Wild Side.
C.Science in the Field. D.Intrductin t Waves.
22.Wh will talk abut experiences f cllecting direct data?
A.Sarah Law. B.Mike Gldsmith.
C.Mark Samuels. D.Tm Crawfrd.
23.What d the fur events have in cmmn?
A.They are all family-based.
B.They are all science-themed.
C.They are all picked by children.
D.They are all filled with adventures.
B
Ada Lvelace was brn n December 10th 1815. Ada's mther and father (the famus pet Lrd Gerge Grdn Byrn) parted just weeks after she was brn. Her mther feared her t grw up with her father's changeable nature. T stp this frm happening, Ada was frced by her mther t learn science and mathematics, which was unusual fr wmen at the time. She was als punished if her wrk was nt up t standard. Hwever, she was greatly interested in mathematics and science and wuld perhaps have learned abut them n her wn.
Ada was partially disabled and as a result spent much time studying. Ada knew f her mther's thught abut keeping the creative side f her frm germinating(萌芽). Hwever, as Ada herself is knwn t have said, “If yu can't give me petry, can't yu give me petical science?” Ada gt married at 19, t William King wh was made the Earl f Lvelace in 1838, at which pint she became Lady Ada King, the Cuntess f Lvelace, but was knwn as Ada Lvelace. Ada and King had a relatively happy marriage, with King even encuraging his wife's lve f numbers.
During her yuth, Ada was intrduced t the Sct, Mary Smerville, wh was knwn as the “Queen f 19th Century Science” and was the first wman t be accepted int the Ryal Astrnmical Sciety. It was thrugh Mary Smerville that Ada first heard f Charles Babbage's idea fr a new calculating(计算) engine. Attracted by this idea, Ada began a perid f letter-writing with him that wuld cme t decide her prfessinal life.
Ada met Babbage when she was arund 17 and the tw became clse friends. Babbage was wrking n an “Analytical Engine”, smething he was designing t deal with cmplex calculatins. Ada was later asked t translate an article. She nt nly translated the article but added pages and pages f ntes, calculatins and innvatins(新事物). Her ntes were published in 1843 and it turned ut that what she had written was s riginal. It is nw seen as the first cmprehensive cmment n what wuld becme mdern-day cmputer prgramming. Althugh impressive, Ada was nt actually given credit fr the article until 1848.
24.What happened t Ada in her childhd?
A.She was pushed t learn scientific knwledge.
B.She had t cmpare herself with ther wmen.
C.She gave up learning because f her father.
D.She was greatly cared fr by her father.
25.What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Ada thught petry was bring.
B.Ada believed petry was harder than science.
C.Ada thught science was creative.
D.Ada was interested in bth science and petry.
26.What decided Ada's prfessinal life?
A.The supprt f the Ryal Astrnmical Sciety.
B.Her cmmunicatin with Babbage.
C.Her husband's encuragement.
D.Smerville's suggestins.
27.What did Ada d after she met Babbage?
A.She taught peple hw t prgram.
B.She invented an “Analytical Engine”.
C.She praised Babbage's achievements.
D.She translated an article and develped it.
C
Bking yur next vacatin t space culd sn be a reality. Orbital Assembly Crpratin annunced tw new statin cncepts designed with space turism accmmdatins. One f the statins, called Pineer, culd rbit Earth as early as 2025.
The Gateway Fundatin circulated ideas fr a space htel in 2019. The gal f the statins is t run a space business park that can serve as a hme away frm hme with rm fr ffices and turists. Orbital Assembly was funded by the Gateway Fundatin team as a way t help make these dreams cme true.
The prpsed Pineer Statin can accmmdate 28 peple. The secnd statin, Vyager, scheduled t pen in 2027, can hld up t 400 peple. “The gal has always been t make it pssible fr large numbers f peple t live, wrk and thrive in space,” says Orbital Assembly's COO Tim Alatrre.
Bth statins lk like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allws guests t mve cmfrtably n each statin. Pineer features five mdules built arund the rtating “Gravity Ring” architecture design. Turists may still feel sme weightlessness but will als be able t drink ut f a cup and wn't have t be tied t a bed t sleep. “The gravity wrks like hw a spinning bucket pushes the water ut t the sides f the bucket and stays in place,” Alatrre explains. Near the middle f the statin, there will be n artificial gravity, but gravity gradually increases further away frm the center.
While the Pineer Statin will be smaller than Vyager, guests can still shwer, eat and drink sitting dwn in areas with gravity. Each statin is furnished like luxury htels n Earth. Vyager will feature a restaurant and suites with views f Earth.
A significant barrier t space travel is the cst. Hwever, Orbital Assembly expects turists t seek a trek int space as space travel eventually becmes less expensive. “We envisin ur Pineer and Vyager space statins as the ultimate ecturism destinatins. Once peple get t space, it will change their perspective n Earth,” Alatrre says. “Space travel is still at its early stage, and we're excited t d ur part t push it frward t help imprve life n Earth.”
28.What is the gal f the Pineer and Vyager space statins?
A.T revlutinize space travel.
B.T serve as luxury htels in space.
C.T ffer a unique and immersive experience.
D.T enable the large scale f living and wrking in space.
29.What d the Pineer and Vyager space statins have in cmmn?
A.Artificial gravity. B.Suites with views.
C.Opening time. D.Passenger capacity.
30.What can we learn frm paragraph 4?
A.The “Gravity Ring” rtates arund the statin.
B.The gravity is weak in the central pint f the statin.
C.The gravity perates like a spinning bucket keeping water inside.
D.The “Gravity Ring” n Pineer is the same as that n Vyager.
31.What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.N Gravity Travel: Pineer and Vyager Statins
B.Space Htels fr Humans: Pineer and Vyager Statins
C.Overcming the Barrier: Pineer and Vyager Statins
D.Luxury Travel Destinatins: Pineer and Vyager Statins
D
Outer space is getting spicier(更辛辣的), thanks t a new NASA plan t add a little mre flavr t astrnauts' diets.
Astrnauts abard the Internatinal Space Statin (ISS) are grwing red and green chili peppers(辣椒)fr the very first time. A team f researchers at the Kennedy Space Center planted 48 seeds in a device called a science carrier, which has clay fr rts t grw in and a specially frmulated cntrlled-release fertilizer. The device is fitted int the Advanced Plant Habitat(APH), ne f three plant grwth rms abard.
“The APH is the largest plant grwth facility n the space statin and has 180 sensrs and cntrls fr mnitring plant grwth and the envirnment,” said prject manager Nicle Dufur. “It is a diverse grwth rm, and it allws us t help cntrl the experiment frm Kennedy, reducing the time astrnauts spend tending t the crps.”
The peppers will spend abut fur mnths grwing befre they can be harvested and eaten, marking the first time astrnauts have planted peppers n the statin frm seeds t maturity.
“It is ne f the mst cmplex plant experiments n the statin t date because f the lng germinatin and grwing time,” said Matt Rmeyn. “We have previusly tested flwering t increase the chance f a successful harvest because astrnauts will have t pllinate(给……授粉) the peppers t bear fruit.” Researchers will mnitr the grwth f the peppers and cmpare them with a cntrl grup n Earth.
“The challenge is the ability t feed crews in lw-Earth rbit, and then t sustain explrers during future missins beynd lw-Earth rbit t destinatins including the Mn and eventually t Mars,” Rmeyn said. “We are limited t crps that dn't need strage, r extensive prcessing.”
“This is imprtant because the fd astrnauts eat needs t be as gd as the rest f the equipment. T successfully send peple t Mars and bring them back t Earth, we will nt nly require the mst nutritius fds, but the best-tasting nes as well,” said team leader LaShelle Spencer.
32.Hw des the first sentence sund?
A.Magical. B.Humrus.
C.Rmantic. D.Scientific.
33.Which f the fllwing statements abut the crps in the APH is true accrding t Nicle?
A.They are mnitred by phnes.
B.They dn't need fertilizer t grw well.
C.They mainly grw in a water tank.
D.They can be lked after by peple n Earth.
34.Hw will astrnauts help grw peppers?
A.By getting the peppers pllinated.
B.By recrding the peppers' grwth.
C.By watering the peppers n time.
D.By keeping the grwing rm warm.
35.Why d astrnauts try grwing crps n the ISS?
A.T slve the fd prblem n Earth.
B.T prepare plants' grwth in ther planets.
C.T enrich astrnauts' diets n further destinatins.
D.T cultivate crps with n extensive prcessing.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t becme a scientist
Be curius. Scientists chse t becme scientists because they are curius abut the wrld arund them and hw the things in it wrk. This curisity leads them t investigate the things behind what they see.
36 Becming a scientist takes a lng time. There are very few careers that take lnger than this ne. Even when yu're dne with yur educatin, yu still have t get research under yur belt. If yu're an instant-gratificatin(即时满足的) type f persn, this may nt be the right career fr yu.
Be diligent and persevere. It's been said that jbs in science are the lwest paid in the US. What this is getting at is that because f the lng path t success, fr a while yu wn't be living lavishly(奢侈地). 37
Have the need t always keep learning. 38 Whether it's reading peer-reviewed jurnals, attending seminars, r wrking tward getting yur wrk published, yu'll always be learning. 39 In thse years f waiting fr results, yu need t cnstantly be lking fr the smallest changes in what yu expect t see. Yur eyes need t be fcused and ready at all times.
Think differently. Think back t Newtn's apple falling n his head r Archimedes' jumping int his tub and displacing water. Mst peple wuld think nthing f these events, but these men saw smething else, smething n ne else was seeing at the time. 40
A.Observatin skills are als necessary.
B.Be patient with climbing the career ladder.
C.Things are ging t be tugh fr a while.
D.Then yu're prbably made f the right stuff.
E.As the saying ges, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
F.Actually what every scientist des is seek ut knwledge.
G.T make prgress in human knwledge, yu have t think differently.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Careers in science are generally believed t be t cmplex fr students wh aren't talented r clever enugh, but Sctt Kelly, cmmander f the Internatinal Space Statin, wuld prve it's wrng.
As a kid, he was absent-minded and 41 in science and all ther subjects as well. He culdn't 42 what the teachers said in class. Therefre, he earned terrible grades and 43 graduated frm high schl, and he even thught he wuld never 44 his dreams.
That all 45 when he picked up the film The Right Stuff, Tm Wlfe's classic accunt f the pineering Americans wh first explred space. 46 , he was determined t be an astrnaut, which meant ding well in 47 class. S frm that day n, he 48 his mind t d well in it.
After s many years f daydreaming, it wuldn't be 49 . But he started regarding study as a game. The mre he 50 his study skills, the better grades he gt. Eventually, it became a(n) 51 with himself t see hw gd he culd get. Then the frmer 52 started getting straight A's in science, which is 53 fr thse wh want t be an astrnaut.
S we need t stp 54 the idea that science is just t hard. Everyne can learn this stuff—he just needs t be 55 t d the wrk.
B.absrbed
C.engaged D.experienced
n B.bank n C.lk int D.fcus n
B.nearly
C.barely D.successfully
B.acknwledge
C.end D.achieve
B.suspended C.ccurred D.changed
B.Depressed C.Satisfied D.Shcked
B.architecture C.gegraphy D.chemistry
up B.made up
C.passed up D.weighed up
B.difficult
C.easy D.decent
B.practiced C.arranged D.exchanged
B.agreement C.cmpetitin D.guidance
B.daydreamer C.scientist D.pineer
B.superir C.cnvenient D.wrthy
B.abandning
C.emphasising D.dismissing
B.available C.afraid D.willing
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Accrding t a reprt by Suth China Mrning Pst, China is planning t launch a hyperlp(超级高铁), als knwn 56 a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the prject ges as 57 (plan), the new train will be the wrld's fastest grund-based transprt.
In the past few days, the Chinese gvernment fficers 58 (annunce) the apprval f the cuntry's first hyperlp line. Its 59 (lng) will be 150 kilmeters, and it will pass between Shanghai and Hangzhu. The distance between the tw cities can be cvered in abut three hurs by car r an hur by high-speed train. But the hyperlp can reach the speed f 1000 km/h, 60 means the rute can be cmpleted in just 15 minutes.
The prject will make China ne f the pineers in hyperlp technlgy, 61 (allw) faster travel between several majr cities. The hyperlp prvides 62 high-security level with lw energy cnsumptin. The technlgy will 63 (far) advance China's psitin as a leader in transprt.
A super-fast hyperlp train in China has cmpleted 64 (it) first test runs. These cnsisted f three test runs at a supercnducting maglev test line in Datng, Shanxi Prvince. Hwever, the current tube available fr trials measures nly 2 km lng. It 65 (expect) t be extended t 60 km in the near future.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Peter听说,在中国,现在人工智能已经进入人们的日常生活,其中包括旅游业。他来信询问你国庆假期是否有这方面的体验,请用英文给他回信,内容包括:
1.购买门票可直接手机支付;
2.面部识别入景区;
3.邀请他来体验。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
参考词汇:面部识别facial recgnitin
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Cut, cut, cut!” I shuted. But that didn't stp Chewy frm chasing after the squirrels(追逐松鼠) that had caught his eye halfway thrugh the sht.
“Yu're suppsed t be running after the thief, nt squirrels!” I said.
But Chewy didn't care. He had already mved n t chewing his leash(皮带). What kind f Hllywd dg wears a leash? It was Dad's rule, thugh. Because Chewy was nly a little dg, I had t keep him n the leash whenever we filmed utside. As lng as I fllwed that rule, I culd use Dad's ld cellphne t sht my mvie.
“Let's try this again,” I said.
This time, Chewy ran the entire length f the backyard. With the leash n, thugh, he didn't exactly appear t be in any real hurry t catch anyne. The nly way t make this lk real wuld be t take ff the leash. But that wuld mean breaking the prmise I made t Dad.
On the ther hand, if I mved quickly and was careful with my camera angles, wuld Dad ever knw abut it?
After taking ff the leash, I put Chewy dwn, ready t recrd. But befre I culd shut “Actin!”, Chewy ran acrss the yard and dwn the driveway and jumped in circles arund Mrs. Yang, ur next-dr neighbr.
“Yu must smell the dg biscuits I just bught fr yu,” she said t him. That's when Chewy nticed her bag. As if it were ne f his tys, he grabbed it with his muth and pulled. Mrs. Yang's things drpped n the sidewalk.
I wanted t aplgize and help Mrs. Yang pick up her things. But then I remembered smething. If Dad fund ut that I had taken Chewy's leash ff, I wuldn't be able t use his cellphne any mre. In a panic, I tk Chewy and ran inside the huse.
When Dad arrived hme that evening, I handed him his cellphne. “Did yu finish shting yur mvie already?” he asked.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
I shk my head and tld him everything that had happened.
“Aplgy accepted,” said Mrs. Yang.
答案全解全析
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项以科学为主题的活动以及各项活动的内容和特色。
21.D 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“it is experimenting with...(PWYD) affrd”可知,PWYD指你可以决定为你想要的或能买得起的东西付钱,而四项活动的介绍中只有Intrductin t Waves有PWYD。故选D。
22.C 细节理解题。根据Science in the Field部分中的“a first-hand data n...”和“Jin Mark Samuels t find ut...”可知,Mark Samuels会谈论收集一手数据的经历。故选C。
23.B 推理判断题。根据Walk n the Wild Side部分中的“hear science stries”、Intrductin t Waves部分中的“Subjects range crashing waves n the cean.”、Science in the Field部分中的“a scientist data”和Festival Dinner部分中的“mark the first science festival”可知,四项活动的共同点是它们都以科学为主题。故选B。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要叙述了Ada Lvelace的事迹,展现了她对数学和科学知识的热爱。
24.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ was frced by her mther t learn science and mathematics, which was unusual fr wmen at the time. She was als punished if her wrk was nt up t standard.”可知,Ada小时候,她的母亲强迫她学习科学知识。故选A。
25.C 句意猜测题。根据第一段的内容和第二段中的“keeping the creative side f her frm germinating”可知,母亲不愿Ada继承父亲多变的特质,所以强迫她学习科学知识,让她的创造力无法萌发,但Ada对数学和科学很感兴趣。画线句将petry和science进行比较,说明她认为科学如诗歌般具有创造性。故选C。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Attracted by this idea, Ada began a perid f letter-writing with him that wuld cme t decide her prfessinal life.”可知,Ada与Charles Babbage针对科学知识展开的交流决定了她以后的职业生涯。故选B。
27.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She nt nly translated the article but added pages and pages f ntes, calculatins and innvatins.”可知,她翻译了一篇文章并添加了很多注释。故选D。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了先锋站和旅行者站两个空间站的建设和运行情况,未来人们有望去太空度假。
28.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The gal f the statins is t run a space business park that can serve as a hme away frm hme with rm fr ffices and turists.”和第三段中的“The gal has always been t make it pssible fr large numbers f peple t live, wrk and thrive in space”可知,这两个空间站的目标是使在太空中的大规模生活和工作成为可能。故选D。
29.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Bth statins lk like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allws guests t mve cmfrtably n each statin.”可知,这两个空间站的共同之处在于都采用了人工重力。故选A。
30.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The gravity wrks like hw a spinning bucket pushes the water ut t the sides f the bucket and stays in place”可知,重力的动作方式类似于旋转桶,桶旋转时将其中的水推向桶的四周并保持在原地。故选C。
31.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的“One f the statins, called Pineer, culd rbit Earth as early as 2025.”和第三段中的“The secnd statin, Vyager, scheduled t pen in 2027, can hld up t 400 peple.”可知,文章主要介绍了两个可以为太空游客提供食宿的空间站——先锋站和旅行者站的建设和运行情况。因此,B项“Space Htels fr Humans: Pineer and Vyager Statins”符合文章主旨。故选B。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了国际空间站上的宇航员首次种植了辣椒。
32.B 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,美国国家航空航天局计划为宇航员的饮食增加更多的味道,宇航员因此在国际空间站上种植了辣椒,而文章首句的“外太空正变得更加辛辣”是对此事的一个幽默诙谐的说法。故选B。
33.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it allws us t help cntrl the experiment frm Kennedy”可知,在APH中生长的作物可以由地球上的人照看。故选D。
34.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“astrnauts will have t pllinate the peppers t bear fruit”可知,宇航员通过给辣椒授粉来帮助种植辣椒。故选A。
35.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“T successfully send peple t Mars and bring them back t Earth, we will nt nly require the mst nutritius fds, but the best-tasting nes as well”可推测,宇航员在国际空间站上试验种植作物是为了在更远的目的地享用有营养且味道最好的食物。故选C。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从几个方面介绍了如何成为一名科学家,包括有好奇心、有耐心、勤奋且持之以恒、不断学习和从不同角度思考。
36.B 根据后句“Becming a scientist takes a lng time.”可知,成为科学家需要很长时间,所以B项“Be patient with climbing the career ladder.”符合语境。故选B。
37.C 根据前句“What this is getting at is that because f the lng path t success, fr a while yu wn't be living lavishly.”可知,通往成功的道路可能会很艰难,所以C项“Things are ging t be tugh fr a while.”符合语境。故选C。
38.F 根据前句“Have the need t always keep learning.”和后句“Whether it's reading peer-reviewed jurnals, attending seminars, r wrking tward getting yur wrk published, yu'll always be learning.”可知,科学家不断地在学习,也就是在寻求知识,所以F项“Actually what every scientist des is seek ut knwledge.”符合上下文语境。故选F。
39.A 根据后文“Yur eyes need t be fcused and ready at all times.”可知,成为科学家需要有观察能力,所以A项“Observatin skills are als necessary.”符合语境。故选A。
40.G 根据本段主旨句“Think differently.”可知,本段主要是介绍成为科学家的条件之一就是从不同角度思考问题,所以G项“T make prgress in human knwledge, yu have t think differently.”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Sctt Kelly从一个成天做白日梦的差等生,到下定决心成为一名宇航员,努力学习科学并实现梦想的故事。
41.A 根据空格前的“absent-minded”可知,他心不在焉,对科学和其他所有科目都不感兴趣。 故选A。
42.D 根据下文的“Therefre, he earned terrible grades”可知,因为课上不能集中注意力听老师讲课,所以他成绩糟糕。故选D。
43.C 根据上文的“Therefre, he earned terrible grades”可知,他成绩差,所以勉强能从高中毕业。故选C。
44.D 根据空后的“his dreams”和上文描述可知,他成绩差,所以他甚至认为自己永远无法实现自己的梦想。 故选D。
45.D 根据下文的“when he picked up the film The Right Stuff”和“he was determined t be an astrnaut”可知,这部电影对他影响很大,他想要成为一名宇航员,所以是一切都发生了改变。故选D。
46.A 上句提到《太空英雄》这部电影,下文提到他决心成为一名宇航员,应是受到了电影的启发。故选A。
47.A 要想成为一名宇航员,应该是在科学课上表现出色,下文的“straight A's in science”也是提示。 故选A。
48.B 为了成为一名宇航员,他下定决心学好科学。故选B。
49.C 根据空格前的“After s many years f daydreaming”可知,因为这么多年都在做白日梦,所以实现梦想不易。故选C。
50.B 根据空后的“his study skills, the better grades he gt”可知,此处指学习技巧练习得越多,他的成绩就越好。故选B。
51.C 根据空后的“see hw gd he culd get”可知,此处指他开始和自己比赛,看自己能做得多好。故选C。
52.B 此处是说他之前是什么样的,由上文的“s many years f daydreaming”可知他之前是一个经常做白日梦的人。故选B。
53.A 要想成为宇航员,科学成绩全优是必不可少的。故选A。
54.C 根据下文“Everyne can learn this stuff”可知,每个人都可以学习科学,所以不要再强调科学太难了这一观点。故选C。
55.D 只要大家愿意学习科学,就可以学好科学。故选D。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。据《南华早报》报道,中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁。如果该项目按计划进行,新列车将成为世界上最快的地面交通工具。
56.as 考查介词。固定搭配be knwn as意为“被称为”,故填as。
57.planned 考查状语从句的省略。分析句子可知,as引导的状语从句省略了主语和be动词,补充完整为“as it (the prject) is planned”。故填planned。
58.have annunced 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,由时间状语In the past few days可知,设空处应用现在完成时;主语fficers为名词复数,谓语应用复数形式。故填have annunced。
59.length 考查名词。设空处前面为形容词性物主代词Its,所以设空处应用名词。故填length。
60.which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语,修饰前面整个主句,所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。
61.allwing 考查动词-ing形式。分析句子可知,设空处为非谓语动词作状语,提示词allw与其逻辑主语The prject之间为主动关系,所以应用动词-ing形式。故填allwing。
62.a 考查冠词。level在此处为可数名词,这里表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且high-security的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
63.further 考查副词的比较级。分析句子可知,设空处作状语修饰谓语动词advance,表示“更远地,进一步”,应用副词far的比较级further。
64.its 考查形容词性物主代词。设空处修饰其后的名词短语first test runs,所以应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
65.is expected 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,结合上文时态和此处语境可知应用一般现在时;主语It和提示词expect之间为被动关系,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is expected。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Peter,
I'm happy t hear frm yu. Here I'd like t share with yu what I experienced during the week-lng Natinal Day hliday.
Firstly, wherever and whenever we went, we culd use the mbile payment, including buying admissin tickets. Mre interestingly, we n lnger had t get int turist attractins with the ID card. We culd d it thrugh facial recgnitin, which really saved time s that we didn't have t wait in a queue.
I d hpe yu can cme t China and experience all f this when yu have spare time. Lking frward t yur arrival!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
One pssible versin:
I shk my head and tld him everything that had happened. “Thanks fr telling me,” said Dad when I finished the stry. Then I added, “I als need t talk t Mrs.Yang.” Dad std n the sidewalk hlding Chewy while I walked twards Mrs. Yang's frnt dr. My hands shk as I kncked. T my surprise, Mrs. Yang answered with a smile. I aplgized t her fr running away and nt helping pick up her things. “I was frightened,” I said, “and I was s absrbed in trying t finish my mvie that I made sme bad decisins. I'm s srry.”
“Aplgy accepted,” said Mrs.Yang. “Did yu say yu're making a mvie? Abut Chewy?” she asked. I ndded. “Well, I'd lve t see it when it's finished,” said Mrs. Yang. Then she tld me that her sn wned a cffee shp nearby, where he had a screen and prjectr. She wuld ask him if we culd have a viewing party there. “That wuld be incredible,”I said. “Maybe Chewy culd cme and see himself n the big screen,” Mrs. Yang said with a smile.
1.B
2.C
3.B
4.A
5.C
6.B
7.B
8.C
9.A
10.C
11.A
12.C
13.B
14.C
15.A
16.A
17.B
18.B
19.A
20.C
21.D
22.C
23.B
24.A
25.C
26.B
27.D
28.D
29.A
30.C
31.B
32.B
33.D
34.A
35.C
36.B
37.C
38.F
39.A
40.G
41.A
42.D
43.C
44.D
45.D
46.A
47.A
48.B
49.C
50.B
51.C
52.B
53.A
54.C
55.D
56.as 57.planned 58.have annunced 59.length 60.which
61.allwing 62.a 63.further 64.its 65.is expected
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