[英语][期末]河南省信阳市息县2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末联考试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语][期末]河南省信阳市息县2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末联考试题(解析版)，共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37， I cughed等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
BEIJING, Oct. 26 (Xinhua) — The fllwing is a summary f published science and technlgy news f China:
SHENZHOU-17 SPACE FLIGHT
China n Thursday launched the Shenzhu-17 manned spaceship, and the three astrnauts abard will be sent t stay in rbit (轨道) fr abut six mnths n a space statin missin.
The spaceship, atp (在……顶上) a Lng March-2F carrier rcket, blasted ff (发射升空) at 11:14 a.m. Thursday (Beijing Time) frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in nrthwest China, accrding t the China Manned Space Agency.
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Over 500 experts and schlars frm China and abrad came tgether at the 7th Glbal Frum f Leaders fr Agricultural Science and Technlgy (GLAST-2023) and its side events t exchange ideas n prmting sustainable (可持续的) agricultural develpment thrugh technlgical innvatin.
The tw-day frum, which began n Thursday in Sanya, suth China’s Hainan Prvince, was themed “science and technlgy leading the transfrmatin f glbal agri-fd system.”
INTERNATIONAL LUNAR RESEARCH STATION
The China Natinal Space Administratin (CNSA) has signed cperatin dcuments with the space agencies f Pakistan and Belarus respectively fr jint (共同的) wrk n the Internatinal Lunar Research Statin (ILRS) prgram.
The new cperatin effrt marks the start f participatin by Pakistan and Belarus in the ILRS prgram, said the CNSA. The prgram was initiated (发起) by China, with an invitatin extended t rganizatins and scientists arund the wrld t participate.
1. Where was Shenzhu-17 blasted ff frm?
A. BeijingB. SanyaC. PakistanD. Jiuquan
2. Which f the fllwing statement is crrect accrding t the passage?
A. Shenzhu-17 manned spaceship was launched n Tuesday.
B. GLAST-2023 finished n Thursday.
C. GLAST-2023 was held in Sanya.
D. There are tw cuntries in the ILRS prgram.
3. What kind f passage is this?
A. News reprtB. ArgumentatinC. ExpsitinD. Bigraphy
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要是中国科技方面的一些新闻消息。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SHENZHOU-17 SPACE FLIGHT标题下第二段“The spaceship, atp (在……顶上) a Lng March-2F carrier rcket, blasted ff (发射升空) at 11:14 a.m. Thursday (Beijing Time) frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in nrthwest China, accrding t the China Manned Space Agency.(据中国载人航天机构称，该飞船搭载长征2F运载火箭，于北京时间周四上午11:14从中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空)”可知，神舟17号从酒泉发射。故选D。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY标题下“Over 500 experts and schlars frm China and abrad came tgether at the 7th Glbal Frum f Leaders fr Agricultural Science and Technlgy (GLAST-2023) and its side events t exchange ideas n prmting sustainable (可持续的) agricultural develpment thrugh technlgical innvatin.(来自国内外的500多名专家学者齐聚第七届全球农业科技领袖论坛(GLAST-2023)及其会外活动，就通过技术创新促进农业可持续发展交换意见。)”和“The tw-day frum, which began n Thursday in Sanya, suth China’s Hainan Prvince, was themed “science and technlgy leading the transfrmatin f glbal agri-fd system.”(为期两天的论坛于周四在中国南部海南省三亚开始，主题是“科技引领全球农业食品体系转型”)”可知，C选项“GLAST-2023在三亚举行”正确。故选C。
【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“BEIJING, Oct. 26 (Xinhua) — The fllwing is a summary f published science and technlgy news f China(北京，10月26日（新华社）——以下是中国科技新闻的摘要)”可推知，文章是一则新闻报道。故选A。
B
When my barber fr mre than 45 years, Deminick, retired earlier this year, I was in a fix. I can nt drive, and nly ne ther barbershp was walkable frm my huse in Freeprt. Dminick represented mre than a gd haircut. Fr me, he was a mving landmark and a lng traditin. He always asked abut my bys, nw 44 and 49, and admired ur family hair.
I’d walk by his empty shp n Grand Avenue in Baldwin, hping anther barber wuld mve in. Otherwise, the ne ther shp in the same area available t me was small, like Dminick’s, but uninviting, ften empty, with n elderly men r mthers with kids. Dminick’s was a ne-man peratin and ften had custmers waiting.
But my luck changed — I thught. There appeared a barber ple abve Dminick’s! Red, white and blue! A bright sign said BARBER. Open fr business! But a large ntice in the windw displayed the barber’s name — Alicia Zayala. A wman!
My heart sank. As a man, I didn’t want a chemical hair treatment. I wanted a haircut! Ging t a female barber wasn't my cup f tea. I believe in the equality f the tw genders (性别) and I respect wmen. But I didn’t feel cmfrtable with a female hairdresser.
S I chse the male barber with empty chairs in Baldwin. He was yung and cnfident. With big mvements, he cut my hair. I felt like grass under a lawnmwer (割草机)．It was my quickest haircut since 1952. It wasn’t bad; he had made the cut. But he wasn’t my ld barber.
When my hair nce again grew ver my hearing aid, I wndered whether I shuld try the lady barber. Why nt? My hair wuld grw back. The new barber was middle-aged, silent at first but utging. Small talk t break the ice turned int a chat. Alicia was pleasant. She had Dminick's cncentratin that I had taken fr granted (视为当然). I cughed. She rushed t get me a hard candy. It was the lngest haircut I’d ever had, but she matched Dminick’s care and skill. I was very pleased.
4. Hw did the authr feel after Dminick’s retirement annuncement?
A. A bit wrried.B. Quite angry.C. Really relieved.D. Deeply hurt.
5. Why did the authr chse the yung barber at first?
A. The barber had a small barbershp, like Dminick’s, but uninviting.
B. The barber was knwn fr his quick haircuts.
C. The authr was used t being served by male barbers.
D. The authr liked chatting with the barber’s elderly custmers.
6. Which f the fllwing culd be used t describe Alicia Zayala?
A. Cnsiderate.B. Humrus.C. Adventurus.D. Impatient.
7. What des the authr’s stry tell us?
A. Sweet are the uses f adversity.B. Cnstant drp wears away a stne.
C. Never judge a bk by its cver.D. Practice makes perfect.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了为作者理了45年头发的德米尼退休时，作者有一些担心，作者已经习惯于德米尼的服务。作者对女理发师产生了一种抵触感。但是一名叫做Alicia的女理发师的服务让作者感到满意，具有德米尼的为人处世方式和高超的技能。
【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“When my barber fr mre than 45 years, Deminick, retired earlier this year, I was in a fix.”(当我45年多的理发师德米尼克今年早些时候退休时，我陷入了困境。)可知，多米尼克宣布退休后，作者有点担忧。故选A项。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据上文可知，作者以前的理发师是男性以及根据第四段“Ging t a female barber wasn’t my cup f tea. I believe in the equality f the tw genders (性别) and I respect wmen. But I didn’t feel cmfrtable with a female hairdresser.”(我不喜欢去女理发师那儿。我相信两性平等，我尊重女性。但我和一个女理发师在一起感觉不舒服。)可知，作者选择这位年轻的理发师是因为作者习惯于由男性理发师为其服务。故选C项。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Alicia was pleasant. She had Dminick's cncentratin that I had taken fr granted (视为当然). I cughed. She rushed t get me a hard candy.”( Alicia很讨人喜欢。她有多米尼克那种我认为理所当然的专注力。我咳嗽。她赶紧给我拿了一块糖。)可知，Alicia Zayala是一个考虑周到的人。故选A项。
【7题详解】推理判断题。短文叙述了为作者理了45年头发的德米尼退休时，作者有一些担心，作者已经习惯于德米尼的服务。作者对女理发师产生了一种抵触感。但是一名叫做Alicia的女理发师的服务让作者感到满意，具有德米尼的为人处世方式和高超的技能。所以故事告诉我们“不要以貌取人。”。故选C项。
C
When I mentined t sme friends that we all have accents (口音), mst f them prudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind f misses the pint.
Mre ften than nt, what we mean when we say smene “has an accent” is that their accent is different frm the lcal ne, r that prnunciatins are different frm ur wn. But this definitin (定义) f accents is limiting and culd give rise t prejudice. Funnily enugh, in terms f the language study, every persn speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in hw we prduce sunds that define ur accents. Even if yu dn’t hear it yurself, yu speak with sme srt f accent. In this sense, it’s pintless t pint ut that smene “has an accent”. We all d!
Every persn speaks a dialect (方言), t. In the field f language study, a dialect is a changed frm f a language that is featured by its variatins (变化) f structure, phrases and wrds. Fr instance, “Yu gt eat r nt?” (meaning “Have yu eaten?”) is an acceptable and understd questin in Singapre Oral English. The fact that this expressin wuld cause a standard American English speaker t take pause desn’t mean that Singapre Oral English is “wrng” r “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-frmed and clearly cmmunicative, accrding t native Singapre English speakers’ slid system f grammar. Why shuld it be wrng just because it’s different?
We need t mve beynd a narrw idea f accents and dialects — fr the benefit f everyne.
Language differences like these prvide insights int peple’s cultural experiences and backgrunds. In a glbal age, the way ne speaks is a distinct part f ne’s identity (身份). Mst peple wuld be happy t talk abut the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn mre abut the wrld we live in and make friends alng the way.
8. What des the authr think f his/ her friends’ respnse in paragraph 1?
A. It reflects their self cnfidence.
B. It reflects their language levels.
C. It misses the pint f cmmunicatin.
D. It misses the real meaning f accents.
9. Why des the authr use the example f Singapre Oral English?
A. T supprt the use f dialects.
B. T shw the imprtance f dialects.
C. T crrect a grammatical mistake.
D. T highlight a traditinal methd.
10. What des the authr recmmend us t d in the last paragraph?
A. Learn t speak with yur lcal dialect.
B. Lk fr an fficial definitin f accents.
C. Appreciate the value f accents and dialects.
D. Separate ur lcal languages frm thers’.
11. What can be a suitable title fr this passage?
A. Everyne Has an Accent
B. Accents Imprve Our Identities
C. Dialects Lead t Misunderstanding
D. Standard English Is at Risk
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人人都有口音，这种差异能帮助我们了解文化经历和背景，从而在这个过程中交到更多的朋友。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“When I mentined t sme friends that we all have accents (口音), mst f them prudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind f misses the pint.(当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，大多数人都自豪地回答说:“嗯，我的英语/中文等等说得很流利。”但是这种回答并没有抓住问题的关键。)”和第二段中“Mre ften than nt, what we mean when we say smene “has an accent” is that their accent is different frm the lcal ne, r that prnunciatins are different frm ur wn.( 通常，当我们说某人“有口音”时，我们的意思是他们的口音与当地人不同，或者说他们的发音与我们的不同。)”可知，作者认为第一段中他/她朋友的回答忽略了对口音含义的真正理解。故选D。
【9题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Every persn speaks a dialect (方言), t. In the field f language study, a dialect is a changed frm f a language that is featured by its variatins (变化) f structure, phrases and wrds. Fr instance,” Yu gt eat r nt? “(meaning “Have yu eaten?” ) is an acceptable and understd questin in Singapre Oral English. The fact that this expressin wuld cause a standard American English speaker t take pause desn’t mean that Singapre Oral English is “wrng” r “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-frmed and clearly cmmunicative, accrding t native Singapre English speakers’ slid system f grammar. Why shuld it be wrng just because it’s different?(每个人都会说一种方言。在语言研究领域，方言是语言的一种变体，其特点是结构、短语和词汇的变化。比如“你到底有没有吃？”“(意思是“你吃过了吗？”)是新加坡英语口语中可以接受和理解的问题。事实上，这个表达会使一个标准的美国英语使用者停顿，并不意味着新加坡口语是“错误的”或“不合语法”。根据新加坡本土英语使用者扎实的语法系统，这个句子结构良好，具有清晰的交际性。为什么仅仅因为它不同就是错的呢？)”可知，作者是支持方言的使用的。由此可推知，作者使用新加坡英语口语的例子是为了支持方言的使用。故选A。
【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Language differences like these prvide insights int peple’s cultural experiences and backgrunds. In a glbal age, the way ne speaks is a distinct part f ne’s identity (身份). Mst peple wuld be happy t talk abut the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn mre abut the wrld we live in and make friends alng the way.(像这样的语言差异可以让我们深入了解人们的文化经历和背景。在一个全球化的时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人身份的独特部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们说话背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的这个世界，并在这个过程中交到更多的朋友。)”可知，作者认为语言的差异能让我们了解文化经历和背景，从而在这个过程中交到更多的朋友。由此可推知，作者建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选C。
【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Funnily enugh, in terms f the language study, every persn speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in hw we prduce sunds that define ur accents. Even if yu dn’t hear it yurself, yu speak with sme srt f accent. In this sense, it’s pintless t pint ut that smene “has an accent”. We all d!(有趣的是，在语言学习方面，每个人说话都有口音。正是我们发声方式的常规差异定义了我们的口音。即使你自己没听到，你说话也有点口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。我们都是！)”可知，文章主要介绍了人人都有口音，这种差异能帮助我们了解文化经历和背景，从而在这个过程中交到更多的朋友，A项“每个人都有口音”适合做文章标题，故选A。
D
D yu knw there are sunds prduced by plants? Have yu ever wndered what animals are talking abut? With the develpment f AI, we may be able t understand their languages!
In Prfessr Karen Bakker’s new bk, The Sunds f Life: Hw Digital Technlgy Is Bringing Us Clser t the Wrlds f Animals and Plants, she talks abut hw AI and ther technlgies are helping us t translate (翻译) and understand animals’ and plants’ wrds.
All arund the animal wrld, there are sunds that we can hardly pick up (接收到) and decipher (破译). Elephants, fr example, talk with each ther using infra-sund (次声), which cannt be heard by human ears. Cral (珊瑚) in the cean als sends sund waves t lead (带领) baby cral t safer areas t grw. Baby cral “listens” fr the sunds and finds its way t the right place. This is surprising as cral desn’t have any ears! Scientists have placed (放置) machines int these envirnments t pick up the sunds humans cannt hear.
After the sunds are recrded, AI can study their meaning. Fr example, Isracli researchers used AI t translate bats’ (蝙蝠) 15,000 calls. They fund that mre than 60 percent were arguments abut such things: fd, ways f sleeping, getting int persnal space, and unwanted curtship (求偶).
Technlgies can nt nly understand the animals but cmmunicate back t them. Fr example, bees use dances t cmmunicate. S a research team in Germany put the bee language AI system int a rbt bee. They asked the rbt t create a set f dance mves t tell the bees where they can find their fd.
Researchers said the technlgy culd smeday help disabled peple t cmmunicate. It might als help scientists understand hw animals see the wrld.
12. Hw des the writer lead int the tpic?
A. By listing facts.B. By ffering ideas.
C. By asking questins.D. By giving examples.
13. What can we learn frm Karen Bakker’s new bk?
A. What rle AI plays in prtecting animals.
B. What makes it hard fr us t take care f plants.
C. Hw animals and plants cmmunicate with the help f AI.
D. Hw technlgies help us understand the vices f nature.
14. What des the underlined wrd “this” refer t (指的是)?
A. Baby cral “listens” fr the sunds.
B. Cral desn't have any ears
C. Machines can be used t pick up sunds
D. Cral can find safer areas t grw by itself.
15. What is the researchers’ attitude (态度) twards the future f the AI technlgy?
A. Unclear.B. Hpeless.
C. Dubtful (怀疑的).D. Supprtive.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了使用AI能够理解动物的语言。
【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“D yu knw there are sunds prduced by plants? Have yu ever wndered what animals are talking abut? (你知道植物会发出声音吗？你有没有想过动物在说什么？)”可知，文章开头是通过提出问题的方式切入文章主题。故选C。
【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“In Prfessr Karen Bakker’s new bk, The Sunds f Life: Hw Digital Technlgy Is Bringing Us Clser t the Wrlds f Animals and Plants, she talks abut hw AI and ther technlgies are helping us t translate and understand animals’ and plants’ wrds. (在卡伦·巴克教授的新书《生命之声：数字技术如何让我们更接近动植物世界》中，她谈到了人工智能和其他技术如何帮助我们翻译和理解动植物的语言。)”可知，从凯伦·巴克的新书中我们可以知道科技如何帮助我们理解自然的声音。故选D。
【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Cral (珊瑚) in the cean als sends sund waves t lead(带领) baby cral t safer areas t grw. Baby cral “listens” fr the sunds and finds its way t the right place. This is surprising as cral desn’t have any ears! (海洋中的珊瑚也会发出声波，将小珊瑚带到更安全的地方生长。小珊瑚会“倾听”声音，并找到合适的地方。这令人惊讶，因为珊瑚没有耳朵！)”可知，这里This指代上文提到的小珊瑚会“倾听”声音这件事。故选A。
【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researchers said the technlgy culd smeday help disabled peple t cmmunicate. It might als help scientists understand hw animals see the wrld. (研究人员表示，这项技术有朝一日可以帮助残疾人进行交流。这也可能有助于科学家了解动物如何看待世界。)”可知，作者对人工智能技术是支持的，因为它有利于人类。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fr a lng time, I thught nly skinny and strng peple culd finish the half marathn (马拉松) at the Baltimre Running Festival. ____16____. Preparing fr the event has taught me sme valuable lessns I’d like t share.
Train yurself as peple first and marathners secnd. ____17____. It is the cnfidence that will carry yu acrss the finish line n the race day. The saying “life is a marathn, nt a shrt run” applies!
Make sure t take yur time. ____18____. Yur gal is t get cmfrtable running three t fur times a week, with yur lngest run being rughly 5 r 6 miles.
____19____. Once yu’ve cmpleted yur basic training, lk fr a training prgram that lasts abut fur mnths. Week-t-week, the plan shuld guide yu t increase the distance by n mre than 10 t 15% a week. Dn’t g t the cach wh pushes yu t hard in a single training cycle. It culd result in injuries.
Running a marathn is an investment (投入) f time and mney. If yu’re ging t spend yur hard-earned mney smewhere, it’s wrth investing in an excellent pair f running shes. ____20____.
A. Sign up fr a race
B. Chse a training plan that’s safe
C. But last year, I eventually made up my mind t have a try
D. Keep yur relatinship t yur training prgram a psitive ne.
E. It’s much cheaper t buy a new pair f shes than t visit a dctr
F. Yu can start by running 1 r 1.5 miles and build up week after week
G. It means ding the basic training at an easy pace that can give yu cnfidence
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. E
【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者在准备马拉松阶段学到了一些方法。
【16题详解】根据空前“Fr a lng time, I thught nly skinny and strng peple culd finish the half marathn (马拉松) at the Baltimre Running Festival.(很长时间以来，我一直认为只有瘦和强壮的人才能完成马拉松比赛。)”和空后“Preparing fr the event has taught me sme valuable lessns I’d like t share.(准备这项赛事教会了我一些我想要分享的有价值的教训。)”可知，空前提到作者认为只有瘦和强壮的人才能完成马拉松比赛，而下文又提到作者为参加马拉松比赛做准备，因此C项“但是去年，我最终决定试一试”承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。
【17题详解】根据空前“Train yurself as peple first and marathners secnd.(把训练自己作为首要任务，其次才是马拉松。)”可知，作者建议把训练自己作为首要任务，其次才是训练马拉松， G项中的“It means ding the basic training”与空前的“Train yurself”相呼应，且G项中的“can give yu cnfidence”与空后的“It is the cnfidence that will carry yu acrss the finish line n the race day.”相呼应，故G项“这意味着以轻松的速度进行基本的训练，这可以给你信心。”符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】根据空前“Make sure t take yur time.(确保不着急，慢慢来。)”可知，作者建议要慢慢来，不要着急，故F项中的“build up week after week”与空前的“take yur time”相呼应， F项“你可以从跑1英里或1.5英里开始，然后每周增加。”符合语境。故选F项。
【19题详解】根据空后“Once yu’ve cmpleted yur basic training, lk fr a training prgram that lasts abut fur mnths.(一旦你完成了基本的训练，就找一个持续四个月的训练计划。)”可知，空前提到一旦你完成了基本的训练，就找一个持续四个月的训练计划， B项中的“a training plan”与空后的“a training prgram”相呼应，且根据本段内容“Dn’t g t the cach wh pushes yu t hard in a single training cycle. It culd result in injuries.(不要去找那些在单个训练周期把你逼得太紧的教练。这可能会带来伤害。)”可知，后文提到了需要注意安全，故B项“选择一个安全的训练计划”符合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】根据空前“If yu’re ging t spend yur hard-earned mney smewhere, it’s wrth investing in an excellent pair f running shes.(如果你想要把辛苦挣来的钱花在某个地方，买一双好的跑鞋是值得的。)”可知，E项“买一双新鞋比看医生便宜得多。”是空前的顺义承接，如果你打算把钱花在某个地方，那么买一双好的跑鞋是值得的，毕竟买一双新鞋比看医生便宜得多，E项中的“buy a new pair f shes”与空前的“investing in an excellent pair f running shes”相呼应，故选E项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the fall f 1522, a leaky ship made prt in Spain with 18 tired crewmen, all that survived f sme 240 wh’d manned a bld, trade missin.
Chales I, the yung Spanish king, was n lnger willing t ___21___ verland trade rutes fr the spice that was s ___22___ in Eurpe. He appinted an expeditin(探险队) t find a new ___23___ t Pacific islands rich with spices, and as captain he hired Ferdinand Magellan, a skilled Prtuguese sailr wh ___24___ believed the Earth was rund, a thery nt yet ___25___.
The fleet was t find a westward rute t the Spice Islands, and ___26___ the same way. They als were t fcus n trade rutes and ___27___ cnquest (征服) and religin. Magellan wuldn’t bey the ___28___, with disastrus and histric results. In September 1519, five ships set sail, ___29___ t cllect nearly 550 tns f spices in tw years.
The vyage stretched t three years. They survived with the ___30___ f Indigenus peple they met, treating sme ___31___ but thers cruelly r vilently. Quitting trade fr cnquest, Magellan ___32___ an island in the Philippines and was ___33___ in the surf. A new captain, Juan Sebasetin Elcan, guided the Victria hme with an unplanned ___34___:prf that the Earth was rund.
The first vyage f the glbe-a ___35___ feat(丰功伟绩) f explratin and science— changed the wrld frever, sparking glbalizatin and abuse f clnizatin fr centuries t cme.
21. A. give upB. rely nC. lk frD. test ut
22. A. abundantB. cmmnC. attractiveD. ppular
23. A. directinB. accessC. ruteD. entrance
24. A. firmlyB. reluctantlyC. slightlyD. nervusly
25. A. declaredB. prvedC. analyzedD. evaluated
26. A. sailB. cntinueC. fllwD. return
27. A. avidB. perfrmC. launchD. prmte
28. A. timetableB. scheduleC. rderD. custm
29. A. failingB. waitingC. intendingD. stpping
30. A. helpB. agreementC. gratitudeD. relief
31. A. equallyB. fairlyC. seriuslyD. carefully
32. A. searchedB. fldedC. attackedD. abandned
33. A. defeatedB. swallwedC. trappedD. killed
34. A. achievementB. expectatinC. dreamD. prcess
35. A. mysteriusB. remarkableC. predictableD. strange
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界上第一次环球航行的过程和证明地球是圆的这一理论的经过。
【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：年轻的西班牙国王查理一世不再愿意依靠陆路贸易路线来获取这种在欧洲非常流行的香料。A. give up放弃；B. rely n依靠；C. lk fr寻找；D. test ut试验。根据下文的“He appinted an expeditin t find a Pacific islands rich with spices”可知，查尔斯一世不愿意再依靠陆路贸易路线来获取欧洲受欢迎的香料了。故选B项。
【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻的西班牙国王查理一世不再愿意依靠陆路贸易路线来获取这种在欧洲非常流行的香料。A. abundant丰富的；B. cmmn普通的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. ppular受欢迎的。根据上文的“all that survived f sme 240 wh’d manned a bld, trade missin”和下文的“He appinted an expeditin t find a Pacific islands rich with spices”可知，国王查理一世任命了一支探险队去香料丰富的太平洋岛屿那里进行贸易活动，将香料带回来，则可知香料在欧洲很受欢迎。故选D项。
【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A. directin方向；B. access出入口；C. rute路线；D. entrance入口。根据上文的 “verland trade rutes”可知，与它对比，这里指国王想派人去寻找一条新路线来获取香料。故选C项。
【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A. firmly坚定地；B. reluctantly勉强地；C. slightly稍微地；D. nervusly焦虑地。根据上文的“a skilled Prtuguese sailr” 可知，麦哲伦是一位技术熟练的水手，坚信地球是圆的。故选A项。
【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A. declared宣布；B. prved证明；C. analyzed分析；D. evaluated评估。根据倒数第二段的内容“prf that the Earth was rund”可知，地球是圆的这个理论当时尚未得到证实。故选B项。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：船队要找到一条向西到达香料群岛的航线，然后原路返回。A. sail航行；B. cntinue继续；C. fllw跟随；D. return返回。根据空后的“the same way”可知，与空前的“find a westward ruts t the Spice Islands”呼应，指去的航线和返回的航线是一致的。故选D项。
【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还专注于贸易路线，避免征服和宗教活动。A. avid避免；B. perfrm履行；C. launch发起；D. prmte促进。根据上文的“fcus n trade rutes”可知，这次航行的重点是放在贸易航线上，而不是为了征服和传教。故选A项。
【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦不服从命令，带来了灾难性和历史性的后果。A. timetable时间表；B. schedule日程安排；C. rder命令；D. custm习惯。根据下文的“with disastrus and histric results”可知，麦哲伦没有服从命令，从而造成了灾难性和历史性的后果。故选C项。
【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1519年9月，五艘船启航，打算在两年内收集近550吨香料。A. failing失败；B. waiting等待；C. intending打算；D. stpping停止。根据上文的“five ships set sail”和下文的“t cllect nearly 550 tns f spices in tw years”可知，这次航行打算在两年内收集近550吨香料。故选C项。
【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在遇到的土著居民的帮助下生存下来，他们公平地对待一些人，但残酷或暴力地对待另一些人。A. help帮助；B. agreement协议；C. gratitude感激；D. relief缓解。根据上文的“The vyage stretched t three years.”以及“Indigenus peple they met”可知，探险的旅程很是艰辛，他们在遇到的土著人的帮助下幸存下来。故选A项。
【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们在遇到的土著居民的帮助下生存下来，他们公正地对待一些人，但残酷或暴力地对待另一些人。A. equally平等地；B. fairly公正地；C. seriusly严肃地；D. carefully小心地。根据下文的“but thers cruelly r vilently”可知，他们残酷或暴力地对待其他人，but表示转折， 则他们公正地对待一些人。故选B项。
【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦为了征服而放弃贸易，他袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿，并在海浪中丧生。A. searched搜索；B. flded泛滥；C. attacked攻击；D. abandned放弃。根据上文的“Quitting trade fr cnquest”可知，为 了征服而放弃贸易，麦哲伦袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿。故选C项。
【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦为了征服而放弃贸易，他袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿，并在海浪中丧生。A. defeated打败；B. swallwed吞噬；C. trapped陷入；D. killed杀死。根据下文的“A new captain, Juan Sebasetin Elcan, guided the Victria hme...”可知，在这次袭击中，麦哲伦在海浪中丧生。故选D项。
【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：新船长胡安·塞巴斯蒂安·埃尔卡诺带领维多利亚号回家，取得了一项意想不到的成就：证明了地球是圆的。A. achievement成就；B. expectatin期望；C. dream梦想；D. prcess过程。根据上文的“a skilled Prtuguese sailr the Earth was rund, a thery nt yet...”和空后的“prf that the Earth was rund”可知，这次航行取得了一项意外的成就：证明地球是圆的。故选A项。
【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次环球航行——一项非凡的探索和科学壮举——永远地改变了世界，引发了未来几个世纪的全球化和殖民主义的滥用。A. mysterius神秘的；B. remarkable卓越的；C. predictable可预测的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文的“changed the wrld frever”可知，这次航行是非凡的。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A week f perfrmances f Kunqu pera was held frm April 28 t May 3 at the Beijing Tianqia Perfrming Arts Center, ___36___ (present) many wrks including traditinal classics and revlutinary (革命的) stries, which shwed hw the 600-year-ld art had develped in mdern times. The audience lved ___37___ the artists brught t the stage.
The Kunqu week highlighted the classic adaptatin f Butterfly Dream, a Ming Dynasty (1368～1644) stry and the mdern Chinese revlutinary Kunqu pera Qu Qiubai. The perfrmance Qu Qiubai, ___38___ revlutinary her called Qu Qiubai in the 1920s wh went t Mscw in search f ways t save China, ___39___ (say) by the critics t be a perfect cmbinatin f mdern themes and classical art.
The week f perfrmances als included five pieces brught t be staged by the Jiangsu Prvincial Kunju Theatre frm three principles: the classics that___40___ (pass) dwn frm generatin t generatin, the creatively adapted histrical dramas, as well as ___41___(rigin) mdern dramas. “That is what the Kunqu pera artists have been ding in the last few ___42___ (year). They tried t bring alng very creative wrks with mdern themes ___43___ the frm f Kunqu. The perfrmance will ___44___ (definite) make the audience amazed,” said Jia Yixing, a traditinal Chinese pera critic.
Kunqu pera, which riginated in the Kunshan area at the end f the Yuan Dynasty (1279～1368) and the beginning f the Ming Dynasty, is famus fr ____45____ (it) beautiful perfrmances and music.
【答案】36. presenting 37. what 38. a 39. is said 40. have been passed
41. riginal 42. years 43. in 44. definitely 45. its
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。4月28日至5月3日，为期一周的昆曲演出在北京天桥表演艺术中心举行，演出了许多作品，包括传统经典和革命故事，展示了这门有600年历史的艺术在现代的发展。
【36题详解】考查非谓语。句意：4月28日至5月3日，为期一周的昆曲演出在北京天桥表演艺术中心举行，演出了许多作品，包括传统经典和革命故事，展示了这门有600年历史的艺术在现代的发展。空处为非谓语动词，与上文为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填presenting。
【37题详解】考查连接词。句意：观众喜欢艺术家们在舞台上带来的表演。lved后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，连接词为what。故填what。
【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：20世纪20年代，一位名叫瞿秋白的革命英雄前往莫斯科寻找拯救中国的方法，《瞿秋白》被评论家认为是现代主题与古典艺术的完美结合。泛指“一位革命英雄”，且revlutinary首字母的发音为辅音音素。所以冠词为a。故填a。
【39题详解】考查时态语态。句意：20世纪20年代，一位名叫瞿秋白的革命英雄前往莫斯科寻找拯救中国的方法，《瞿秋白》被评论家认为是现代主题与古典艺术的完美结合。主语The perfrmance Qu Qiubai与say为被动关系。且句子在陈述事实，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填is said。
【40题详解】考查时态语态。句意：本周的演出还包括江苏省昆剧剧院从三个方面带来的五部作品：代代相传的经典，创造性改编的历史剧，以及原创的现代戏剧。陈述过去对现在造成的影响，为现在完成时，主语the classics与谓语pass为被动关系。主语复数，谓语复数。所以本句为现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been passed。
【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：本周的演出还包括江苏省昆剧剧院从三个方面带来的五部作品:代代相传的经典，创造性改编的历史剧，以及原创的现代戏剧。形容词riginal作定语修饰名词。故填riginal。
【42题详解】考查名词。句意：这就是昆曲艺术家在过去几年里一直在做的事情。few后接名词复数years。故填years。
【43题详解】考查介词。句意：他们试图以昆曲的形式带来具有现代主题的极具创造性的作品。in the frm f以……形式。故填in。
【44题详解】考查副词。句意：表演肯定会让观众惊叹，”中国传统戏曲评论家贾一星说。副词definitely作状语修饰动词。故填definitely。
【45题详解】考查代词。句意：昆曲起源于元末明初的昆山地区，以其优美的表演和音乐而闻名。形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词。故填its。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语报“Natural Wrld”栏目正在开展主题为“大自然的启示”的征文活动，某日，你看到了窗外正在织网的蜘蛛，忽然意识到，蜘蛛努力织网、静静等待猎物的样子，正是我们生活的映照。请结合这次经历，写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
（1）蜘蛛织网的过程；
（2）对你的启示。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）短文题目已给出，请在答题卡指定位置作答。
参考词汇：织网 weave the net 猎物 prey.
There is n shrtcut t success
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】There is n shrtcut t success
Observing hw spiders weave their webs presents valuable insights.
Spiders carefully cnstruct their cmplicated webs t catch prey and ensure their survival. The whle prcess requires cnsiderable time and is marked by frequent failures. But spiders carry n, making enrmus effrt, and then patiently wait fr the prey.
Just as spiders, we shuld knw that Rme was nt built in a day, and neither are ur dreams. It is persistent effrt that guarantees t fulfil ur dreams. By staying passinate and wrking twards ur gals, we will can accmplish anything we set ur sights n.
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day, Emma’s mther brught Emma t her favrite steak huse (牛排餐厅). She was excited all the way when she was sitting in her mther’s car. Listening t the wnderful music, she culdn’t help but dance in the back seat. Cnsidering her safety, her mther had t stp her and said, “Hey! My sweety! Please be quiet and fasten yur seat belt!”
“Okay! Mm,” she answered while cntinuing t rll dwn the car windw.
“Emma! Dn’t head ut f the windw! This is very dangerus! N hands either!” Mm raised his vice as she spke.
She said yes and then quietly sat back in place. But there was n previus happiness. She gt ff in silence and rdered meals silently. Her mther thught that perhaps her tne had just been t urgent, and she tried t make her happy. “Sweetheart, this is a mnthly steak appintment. Can yu enjy it with yur mm happily?”
Emma ndded silently but cntinued t stare ut f the windw. Ten minutes later, Emma lked at the large plate f steak and ptates as if she had n intentin f eating them. Mm sighed and asked, “Isn’t it yur favrite steak, sweetheart?” “It is, mm,” Emma said in a lw vice. After listening t her answer, Mm brught the steak and planned t help her daughter cut it int small pieces as befre.
“N, mm, she quickly reached ut fr the plate. “I can nly eat it nce a mnth, right?” “Yes, we made a prmise abut this,” said the mther.
“Can I just give it t him?” Emma cautiusly asked, and her-eyes filled with expectatins. Fllwing the directin f her finger, there was a hmeless man in tattered (破烂的) clthes. And she realized that the man was the figure that flashed by the radside when her daughter leaned ut f the windw in the car.
“Of curse, yu can,” her mther agreed.
注意：
(1) 续写词数应为120左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Emma quickly left the table with the full plate f fd in hand.
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As Emma returned, her mther smiled prudly.
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【答案】
Emma quickly left the table with the full plate f fd in hand. As Emma apprached the hmeless man, her eyes filled with empathy. She greeted him with a warm smile and handed him the plate f fd. On receiving the fd, the man culd hardly cnceal his excitement and thanked her jyfully. Meanwhile, Emma sat dwn beside him, engaging in a heartfelt cnservatin. Witnessing the mving scene, the mther felt a sense f satisfactin.
As Emma returned, her mther smiled prudly. Mved and delighted, her mther gave her a big hug and praised her fr extending a helping hand t the hmeless man utside. With anther large plate f steak rdered n the table, a surge f happiness and warmth running Emma, she was s relieved that she tasted the steak happily. At that mment, the mther realized that Emma had taught her an invaluable lessn-the jy f giving. While the steak may have been Emma’s favrite, Emma understd the imprtance f sharing and making a difference in smene else’s life.