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I.Listening Cmprehensin Sectin A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Sectin A （10分）
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．
A．At a bank.B．On the street.C．At hme.D．In a cafe.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Oh, dear! I'm exhausted. I can’t walk any further.
M: Let’s g t the cafe ppsite the China bank and have a rest.
Q: Where des this cnversatin mst prbably take place?
2．
A．Husband and wife.B．Father and daughter.
C．Manager and secretary.D．Salesman and custmer.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Alice, these business letters are full f spelling mistakes.
W: Oh, srry, Mr. Martin. I will d it again.
Q: What is the mst prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
3．
A．A cncert.B．A bk sale.C．A banquet.D．An art exhibitin.
【答案】D
【原文】W. The exhibit at this gallery is excellent.
M: I have heard that it cntains wrks f art frm all ver the wrld.
Q: What are these peple discussing?
4．
A．He can speak French.B．He can read French bks.
C．He knws nthing abut French.D．He knws bth English and French.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Ww! Yu’re reading a French bk. I didn’t knw yu can speak French.
M: I dn’t. I’m just lking at the pictures.
Q: What des the man imply?
5．
A．50 minutes.B．25 minutes.
C．An hur and a quarter.D．An hur and a half.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Hw lng des it take yu t drive hme when there is nt much traffic?
W: Nearly fifty minutes, but if I can’t leave my ffice befre 5 p.m., it usually takes me 25 minutes mre.
Q: Hw lng des it take the wman t drive hme when it is rush hur?
6．
A．She talks t much.B．She desn’t like speaking.
C．She is always very frank.D．She ften talks ludly.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Hw are yu getting alng with yur new rmmate, Jenny?
W: Oh, quite well. She’s a persn wh always speaks her mind.
Q: What des Jenny think f her new rmmate?
7．
A．She mved t Washingtn when she was yung.
B．She will shw the man arund Washingtn.
C．She will ask smene else t help the man.
D．She can prvide little useful infrmatin.
【答案】D
【原文】M: I need t talk t smene wh knws Washingtn well. I’m tld yu lived there.
W: Oh, but I was really yung at that time.
Q: What des the wman mean?
8．
A．He als thinks Tina lks great.B．He desn’t agree with the wman.
C．He desn’t like Tina’s silver dress.D．He thinks Tina shuld get a new dress.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Tina lks great in that silver dress, desn’t she?
M: I can’t agree with yu mre.
Q: What des the man mean?
9．
A．The train will arrive n time.B．The train is late due t the strm.
C．The wman will take the next train.D．The wman has t wait fr the train.
【答案】D
【原文】M: I’m srry, Madam. The train is behind schedule because f the fg. Take a seat and I’ll tell yu as sn as we knw smething definite.
W: Thank yu. I’ll just sit here and read a magazine.
Q: What d we learn frm the cnversatin?
10．
A．She shwed n interest in any news abut exams at all.
B．She culdn't believe that the news abut James was true.
C．She felt srry fr James' being caught cheating by teachers.
D．She thught James shuldn't have cheated in the final exam.
【答案】D
【原文】M: Have yu heard the news that James cheated in the final exam?
W: He shuld be ashamed f what he did.
Q: What’s the wman’s attitude?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B. yu will hear tw shrt passages several and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f them. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11．A．In the mid-nineteenth century.B．In the late nineteenth century.
C．In the mid-eighteenth century.D．In the late eighteenth century.
12．A．Because Chinese cks made it less spicy.
B．Because Chp Suey was intrduced in America.
C．Because Chinese fd was altered t suit American tastes.
D．Because Chinese immigrants had made themselves accepted.
13．A．It was first cked t help miners get ver cld weather.
B．Sme hungry miners requested a new dish t be served.
C．A chef used the wrng recipes and prduced it by chance.
D．A chef created the dish frm the leftvers fr sme miners.
【答案】11．A 12．C 13．D
【原文】
Tday, Chinese Americans make up less than 1% f the U.S. ppulatin, but rughly a third f all ethnic restaurants in the U.S. are “Chinese,” and every supermarket carries a line f “Chinese” fd. It started with the gld rush f 1849. As thusands f Chinese streamed int Califrnia in search f gld, hundreds f thusands f Chinese migrated t the United States. By 1882, when Cngress cut dwn n Chinese immigratin, there were mre than 300,000 Chinese natinals living n the West Cast. Mst came frm Guangdng Prvince. S mst Chinese restaurants served Cantnese-style fd. In Cantnese cuisine, very little ges t waste: nearly every part f an animal that can be eaten is used in ne dish r anther. Chinese cks, hwever, quickly learned t mdify their dishes t make them better received by a wider American audience. The result was a Chinese-American cuisine that lked and tasted Chinese, but was actually invented in the U.S. and was unknwn in China. A gd example f a Chinese-American dish is Chp Suey. N ne knws fr sure when it was invented, r hw it gt its name. It likely started in 1850 when a bunch f hungry miners made their way int a Chinese restaurant late at night and demanded t be fed. The chef just stirred all the remains he culd find left ver n the table int a big mess and served it. The miners lved it. When they asked what it was, the chef replied “chp suey,” which means “rubbish bits” in Cantnese. The dish remained virtually unheard f in China until after Wrld War II. Tday, it’s advertised as American cuisine. Well, what ther cntributins have immigrants made t American cuisine?
Questins:
11. When did Chinese fd first catch n in America?
12. Why did Americans cme t accept Chinese fd?
13.What was the rigin f Chp Suey, accrding t the passage?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14．A．He was mre intelligent than thers.B．He had a clser tuch with the river.
C．He was quite ambitius at a yung age.D．He was cut ff frm the utside wrld.
15．A．It is full f hpes and pprtunities.
B．It is well knwn fr the petic beauty.
C．It is cnnected with pverty and hunger.
D．It has a great reputatin fr its great pets.
16．A．It is smething inherited frm his ancestrs.
B．It reminds him f his childhd memries.
C．It cncerns his daily life in the village.
D．It prvides material fr his writing.
【答案】14．C 15．C 16．D
【原文】
When I was yung, I was ashamed t admit I came frm a remte village, yet I lacked the curage t claim I was frm a city. S I usually said simply that I came frm an utlying twnship. Nw I must tell the truth that I was brn in an islated village. Let me start frm the banks f a humble river where my life began and which is the true surce f my writing. My fellw villagers live in an envirnment cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld. I knw their lives nly t well. If I had nt had a distant dream frm a very yung age, I wuld have shared their fate. All my memries f a jyful childhd and the pains f grwing up are intertwined with the river. She keeps all f my secrets. I cannt agree with peple wh praise the petic beauty f the cuntryside. I cannt agree with them because I knw, in reality, life in the cuntryside is all abut pverty and hunger. Of curse, I was blessed t be brn in that remte village, and t spend my childhd by the clear river. Lking back at my path frm the village gives rise t a cmplicated happiness. The river has played an imprtant rle in my childhd because it gave me a unique life experience as if it was preparing me fr my literary jurney. Whatever life has given me –– be in pverty, hunger, misfrtune r tragedy –– fr me, they are treasures. I will be frever grateful fr, and feel blessed by, these treasures.
Questins:
14. What distinguished the speaker frm his fellw villagers?
15. What des the speaker think f the cuntryside?
16. Why is the river s imprtant fr the speaker?
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17．A．Friends.B．Brther and sister.
C．Husband and wife.D．Estate agent and custmer.
18．A．The size f the garage.B．The clr f the huse.
C．The design f the huse.D．The number f the bedrms.
19．A．The huse has fur bedrms.
B．All the bedrms are very small.
C．All the bedrms are n the secnd flr.
D．The master bedrm has an attached bathrm.
20．A．Lk at mre pictures f the huse.
B．Find ut the prblems that the huse has.
C．G t have a lk at the huse persnally.
D．Call the agent and get the huse right nw.
【答案】17．C 18．B 19．D 20．C
【原文】W: The real estate agent called tday. She said she had a huse and wanted t shw us arund it.
M: Did she give yu the details?
W: Yes, she said we culd lk at a few pictures f the huse nline.
M: Let’s have a lk. Is this the right website?
W: Yes ... Oh, there we g. Ww! It’s beautiful! I lve the design.
M: I dn’t really like the clr f the huse.
W: We can paint it anther clr.
M: All right. I like the size f the garage. We culd prbably hld bth f ur cars and still have rm fr a small wrkshp.
W: And lk at the yard! There are s many trees and flwers. And f curse, there is plenty f rm fr ur sns t play.
M: Let’s see ... Here is a picture f the master bedrm. It’s a bit small, but it des have an attached bathrm, which I like.
W: Yu’re right. It is a bit small. Hw abut the ther bedrms?
M: There are tw ther bedrms n the same flr. It lks like there is an unfurnished basement as well.
W: And the kitchen! I lve the pen kitchen! I lve it! I think we shuld get it!
M: Let’s take a lk at it in persn befre we get t excited. Yu never knw what prblems it might have.
W: That’s true. I’ll call the agent and see if we can take a lk at it tmrrw.
Questins：
17. What’s the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
18. What is the man dissatisfied with?
19. What d we knw abut the bedrms f the huse?
20. What des the man suggest they d at the end f the cnversatin?
II.Grammar and Vcabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
We Must Act Nw t Prtect Our Threatened Oceans
Last week, climate strikers yung and ld came ut in frce t call upn the gvernment t act with greater urgency in tackling the glbal climate emergency.
They 21 very well feel a need t step up their demands upn hearing the awful findings f the special reprt n the cean and crysphere v(低温层) in a changing climate, released n Wednesday by the Internatinal Panel n Climate Change. The reprt highlighted the intimate cnnectins which exist between ur climate, ur ceans and ur very existence. It presented irrefutable scientific evidence 22 ur warming climate is placing marine and frzen areas f ur planet in grave danger, with sme changes happening at a much larger scale and faster rate than previusly 23 (predict).
Urgent actin is needed 24 we are t keep ur planet—and ur ceans—safe and habitable. This requires 25 (ambitius) targets t reduce ur carbn emissins and t shift ur energy system away frm plluting fssil fuels twards 100% renewable energies.
Change is als needed in internatinal cperatin arund 26 ur ceans are prtected.
It is hped that early next year UN member states 27 (sign) a strng glbal cean treaty that culd pave the way fr the creatin f marine sanctuaries(禁猎区), 28 (place) at least 30% f ceans ff limits t human activities such as cmmercial fishing and il and gas explratin. This is a crucial step twards building the resilience f marine ecsystems and securing a sustainable future fr thse 29 livelihds depend n ur ceans.
The gvernment has been a vcal champin fr cean cnservatin. Nw is the time fr Britain 30 (turn) plitical will int decisive actin by leading the way with the frging f a new glbal cean treaty. The prime minister’s direct invlvement culd make the difference between a watered- dwn agreement r a pwerful ne.
【答案】
21．may/might 22．that 23．predicted 24．if 25．mre ambitius 26．hw 27．will sign 28．placing 29．whse 30．t turn
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了我们人类必须行动起来保护我们受到威胁的海洋的原因以及一保护海洋的要求。
21．考查情态动词。句意：在听到国际气候变化专门委员会(ipcc)周三发布的《气候变化下的海洋和冰冻圈》特别报告的可怕发现后，他们可能很有必要提高自己的要求。分析句子结构可知，空后动词为原形，再结合句意可知，此处应为情态动词，表示推测，译为“可能”应使用may或者might。故填may/might。
22．考查同位语从句。句意：报告提供了无可辩驳的科学证据，表明气候变暖正使地球上的海洋和冰冻地区处于严重危险之中，一些变化的规模和速度比先前预测的要大得多。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的同位语从句，对evidence进行解释，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，句意完整，所以使用连接词that。故填that。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：报告提供了无可辩驳的科学证据，表明气候变暖正使地球上的海洋和冰冻地区处于严重危险之中，一些变化的规模和速度比先前预测的要大得多。分析句子结构可知，此处为省略“主语和be动词”结构，predict与逻辑主语sme changes之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填predicted。
24．考查状语从句。句意：如果我们要保持我们的星球和海洋的安全和宜居，就需要采取紧急行动。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示的是条件，意为“如果”符合句意。故填if。
25．考查形容词。句意：这就需要制定更宏伟的目标来减少碳排放，并将我们的能源系统从污染严重的化石燃料转向100%的可再生能源。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据“t shift ur energy system away frm plluting fssil fuels twards 100% renewable energies”可知，现在的目标比以前更艰巨，所以应使用形容词的比较级，ambitius为多音节词，其比较级应为mre ambitius。故填mre ambitius。
26．考查宾语从句。句意：围绕海洋保护的国际合作也需要改变。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的宾语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但是句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表示的是方式“如何……”，应为hw句意通顺。故填hw。
27．考查谓语动词。句意：希望明年初联合国成员国愿意签署一项强有力的全球海洋条约，为建立海洋保护区铺平道路(禁猎区)，将至少30%的海洋禁止人类活动，如商业捕鱼和石油和天然气勘探。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据early next year可知，此处应使用一般将来时，与主语之间为主动关系。故填will sign。
28．考查非谓语动词。句意：希望明年初联合国成员国愿意签署一项强有力的全球海洋条约，为建立海洋保护区铺平道路(禁猎区)，将至少30%的海洋禁止人类活动，如商业捕鱼和石油和天然气勘探。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，place与逻辑主语that之间为主动关系，that引导的定语从句，指代先行词a strng glbal cean treaty，所以使用现在分词形式。故填placing。
29．考查定语从句。句意：这是建设海洋生态系统恢复力的关键一步，也是为那些以海洋为生的人确保可持续未来的关键一步。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的定语从句修饰代词thse，先行词thse与空后的名词livelihds构成所属关系，所以使用关系代词whse。故填whse。
30．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在是英国将政治意愿转化为果断行动的时候了，英国应该带头制定新的全球海洋条约。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语，意为“现在是该做某事的时候了”，应为不定式形式表示将要发生的动作，且表示主动意义。故填t turn。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Using animals t test drugs intended fr humans is cntrversial, with critics arguing there are ther ways t ensure new medicines are safe and effective. But the scientists wh carry ut the research say animal studies remain necessary. Statistics indicate that in the UK arund three millin mice are being used fr research and tens f millins wrldwide.
Despite the difference in appearances, the genetic similarities with humans are 31 . The muse genme (基因组) shares ver 95% f its genes with humans. The animal acts as a “mdel”, genetically 32 t develp a human disease. But the use f mice, like any animal, in research is criticized by sme.
Animal Defenders Internatinal (ADI) is ne f the grups that campaigns fr an end t the use f animals in research. “We wuld argue that it is extremely utdated, and nt very gd science fr humans,” says Fleur Dawes f ADI. Ms. Dawes believes the suffering that the animals g thrugh des nt legalize their 33 t science and medicine fr humans.” There is a big prblem with that because there are huge differences between the species. And even thugh there are similarities with humans and mice, they react very differently t each ther when experimented n. S what wrks in ne animal is nt an indicatin that that is hw things wrk in ther animals.”
Hwever, Dr. Wells frm Mary Lyn Centre (MLC) says they are cnstantly trying t 34 the prcess t reduce the suffering f mice.” If it’s a prcedure where yu can anaesthetize (麻醉) the mice, then yu d it t reduce their stress. And if there is a (n) 35 methd that desn’t invlve mice, yu are nt legally and nrmally allwed t d the prcedure.”
If we 36 animal research, are there alternatives? Dr. Wells says, “There is a massive field 37 n alternatives, and we are very supprtive f that field and we always keep track f what is ging n in that field, because maybe we can replace ne f ur mdels. “Thse alternatives include chips n human rgans t study their functin, micr-dsing treatments in humans and 38 mdels.” Lts f peple say that there is a cmputer nw t mdel what is ging t happen in diseases,” Dr. Wells adds, “But we still dn’t knw enugh t prgram thse cmputers with 39 knwledge t be able t mdel what’s happening in every disease.”
Fleur Dawes agrees ne alternative is nt enugh. But she says, “By cmbining the different alternatives, yu can actually get a much better picture that is f much better 40 t humans.”
【答案】
31．B 32．G 33．D 34．H 35．A 36．I 37．E 38．C 39．K 40．J
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章讨论了动物实验的争议性，指出老鼠基因组与人类有95%的基因相似，但动物实验仍受批评。动物保护组织认为其科学价值有限，而科学家则在寻找减少动物痛苦的方法，并探索替代实验的领域。
31．考查形容词。句意：尽管外表不同，但与人类的基因相似性是惊人的。此处需要形容词来修饰名词similarities，根据语境，选择形容词astnishing，意思是“令人惊讶的”。故填B项。
32．考查动词的过去分词。句意：老鼠基因组与人类共享超过95%的基因，并且基因组被修改以发展人类疾病。此处需要过去分词作定语，修饰mdel，表示被动意义，mdified符合题意，它是mdify（修改）的过去分词，即基因组被修改。故填G项。
33．考查名词。句意：但是，动物在研究中的使用，像任何动物一样，受到一些人的批评。此处需要名词作宾语，再根据句意和横线后的t可知，这里应选择一个名词表示动物对科学和医学的贡献。故填D项。
34．考查动词。句意：但是，来自玛丽·莱昂中心的威尔斯博士说，他们正在不断尝试改进这个过程以减少老鼠的痛苦。此处需要动词原形，表示尝试做某事。根据句意，对于这个过程应该是不断地优化改进，perfect可以作动词，意思是“打磨完美”，符合题意，故填H项。
35．考查形容词。句意：如果有一个不涉及老鼠的替代方法，你通常在法律上是不允许进行这个过程的。横线后有名词，说明这里应该填一个形容词，根据句意，选择alternative，形容词，意思是“可替代的”，符合题意，故填A项。
36．考查动词。句意：如果我们拒绝动物研究，有替代方法吗？分句句子结构可知，此处需要谓语，根据句意，应该选择一个表示拒绝的动词。根据上下文，句子使用一般现在时即可，故填I项。
37．考查动词。句意：威尔斯博士说，有一个正在发展的替代领域，我们非常支持那个领域。本句已经存在谓语（系动词）is，所以空格处应该选择一个非谓语，develping符合要求，它是现在分词，和逻辑主语field形成主动关系，作后置定语。故填E项。
38．考查形容词。句意：那些替代方法包括在人体器官上安装芯片以研究它们的功能，对人类进行微量治疗和计算机化模型。此处需要形容词作定语，修饰mdels，根据上下文，需要选择一个形容词表示与计算机相关的模型。可以填入cmputerized，它是由名词cmputer和词根-ize构成了动词，再变成过去分词，意思是“计算机化的”，故填C项。
39．考查形容词。句意：但是，我们仍然不知道足够多的信息来用足够的知识编程这些计算机，以便能够模拟每一种疾病中正在发生的事情。此处需要形容词作定语，修饰knwledge，表示知识的程度。sufficient符合题意，它是形容词，意思是“充分的”，故填K项。
40．考查名词。句意：但是，她说，通过结合不同的替代方法，你实际上可以得到一个更好的画面，这对人类来说更有意义。此处需要名词作宾语，表示意义或重要性。再根据横线后的t，这里选择relevance，意思是“相关性；重要性”，符合题意，故填J项。
III.Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
In mdern sciety lneliness can be seen as a scial phenmenn and peple can experience lneliness fr many reasns. It is a very cmmn, thugh nrmally temprary, 41 f a breakup, divrce, r lss f any imprtant lng-term relatinship. In these cases, lneliness may result bth frm the lss f a specific persn and frm the 42 frm scial circles. The lss f a significant persn in ne’s life will typically initiate a grief respnse; in this situatin, ne might feel lnely, even while in the cmpany f thers.
Lneliness may als result frm any scially disruptive (破裂的) event, such as mving frm ne’s hme twn int 43 cmmunities leading t hmesickness. Lneliness can als ccur in places with lw ppulatin densities in which there are cmparatively few peple t 44 .
There are many different ways used t 45 lneliness. The first step that mst dctrs recmmend t patients is therapy. Shrt term therapy typically ccurs ver a perid f ten t twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put n understanding the cause f the prblem, 46 the negative thughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting frm the prblem, and explring ways t help the patient feel cnnected. Sme dctrs als recmmend 47 therapy as a means t cnnect with ther sufferers and establish a supprt system. It may take several attempts befre a suitable anti-depressant medicatin is fund. Sme patients may als develp a resistance t a certain type f medicatin and need t 48 peridically.
Anther treatment is animal-assisted therapy. Studies and surveys indicate that the presence f animal cmpanins such as dgs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can 49 feelings f lneliness r depressin amng sme sufferers. Beynd the cmpaninship the animal itself prvides there may als be increased pprtunities fr 50 with ther pet wners. Accrding t the Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin there are a number f ther health benefits assciated with pet wnership, such as lwered bld pressure. In additin, sme ther alternative appraches may include exercise, dieting, etc, which many patients find have a 51 effect n relieving symptms. Results f a study als suggest that crrecting maladaptive scial cgnitin (认知) ffers the best chance f 52 lneliness.
Nevertheless, lneliness can smetimes play an imprtant rle in the 53 prcess. In sme peple, temprary r prlnged lneliness can lead t ntable artistic and creative expressin, fr example, as was the case with pet Emily Dickinsn, and numerus musicians. This is nt t imply that lneliness itself ensures this creativity, 54 , it may have an influence n the subject matter f the artist and mre likely be present in individuals 55 creative activities.
41．A．typeB．cncernC．cnsequenceD．evidence
42．A．withdrawalB．absenceC．disappearanceD．presence
43．A．infrmalB．uncertainC．relevantD．unfamiliar
44．A．turn tB．interact withC．lng frD．share with
45．A．releaseB．bserveC．mnitrD．treat
46．A．reversingB．directingC．measuringD．pursuing
47．A．lng-termB．sightseeingC．patientD．grup
48．A．quitB．evlveC．switchD．exercise
49．A．cnfirmB．prtestC．enhanceD．ease
50．A．scializingB．interferingC．cmparingD．cping
51．A．histricB．restrativeC．decisiveD．permanent
52．A．prmtingB．enhancingC．reducingD．striving
53．A．creativeB．musicalC．artisticD．petic
54．A．hweverB．therefreC．ratherD．therwise
55．A．restricted tB．engaged inC．cncerned abutD．altered by
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．B
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了产生孤独的原因，解决孤独的方法。最后作者还提到，孤独对创意的工作是有某种程度上的积极作用的。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是分手、离婚或失去任何重要的长期关系的常见后果，但通常是暂时的。A. type 类型；B. cncern 担心，关心；C. cnsequence 结果，后果；D. evidence证据。根据上下文，前句提到“孤独”有很多种原因。划线前的it指的就是“孤独”，而后面提及的“分手，离婚或者失去任何重要的长期关系”是会造成一个结果即孤独。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，孤独可能是因为失去一个特定的人，也可能是因为退出社交圈。A. withdrawal 撤退，收回；B. absence 缺席；C. disappearance 消失；D. presence 存在，出席。分析上下文，上文提到了 “失去任何重要的长期关系” 和此处项呼应表示退出社交圈。故选A项。
43．考查形容词义辨析。句意：孤独感也可能是任何社会破坏性事件的结果，比如从家乡搬到陌生的社区导致思乡。A. infrmal 非正式的；B. uncertain 不确定的；C. relevant 相关的；D. unfamiliar 不熟悉的。根据上下文，划线后面提到了 “思乡” ，是因为不熟悉陌生的社区导致的。故选D项。
44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：孤独感也可能发生在人口密度较低的地方，那里与之交往的人相对较少。A. turn t 求助于；B. interact with 交流，互动；C. lng fr 渴望；D. share with与……分享。根据上下文，划线前提到“人口密度低”，所以与人的互动会比较少。故选B项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有许多不同的方法用来治疗孤独。A. release 释放，开放，发泄；B. bserve 观察，遵守，庆祝；C. mnitr 监督；D. treat 治疗。根据上下文，从第5空开始，后文再讲述治疗孤独的方法。故选D项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在治疗过程中，重点是了解问题的原因，扭转由问题引起的消极思想、感觉和态度，并探索帮助患者感到相互联系的方法。A. reversing 颠倒，完全改变；B. directing 指导；C. measuring 丈量；D. pursuing 追求，追逐。根据上下文，此处的动词和前句的“了解问题”以及后句的“探索方法”构成内在的逻辑。先了解原因，扭转思想，感觉和态度再探索方法。故选A项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些医生还建议将团体治疗作为与其他患者联系和建立支持系统的手段。A. lng-term 长期的；B. sightseeing 观光的，旅游的；C. patient 耐心的；D. grup团体的。分析上下文，根据划线后提到“和其他患者的相互联系和建立支持系统”可知，这是一种“群体治疗方法”。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些病人可能对某种药物产生耐药性，需要定期更换。A. quit 离开，放弃；B. evlve 发展，进化；C. switch 开关，转换；D. exercise 锻炼，练习。分析上下文，划线前提到因为“可能对某种药物产生耐药性”，所才需要定期“更换”。故选C项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究和调查表明，狗、猫、兔子和豚鼠等动物同伴的存在可以缓解一些患者的孤独感或抑郁情绪。A. cnfirm 确认，证实；B. prtest 抗议；C. enhance 加强；D. ease 减轻。分析上下文，此处讲的是另外一种治疗办法---利用动物的陪伴。下文提到养宠物还有很多其他的健康益处，比如降低血压。所以可知，动物同伴给患者带来了好处，可以缓解患者的孤独感或抑郁情绪。故选D项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了动物本身提供的陪伴之外，与其他宠物主人交往的机会也可能增加。A. scializing 社交，交际；B. interfering 妨碍；C. cmparing 比较，对照；D. cping 复制，抄写。分析上下文，养动物的人会和其他宠物主人交流，因此会增加与其他宠物主人交往的机会。故选A项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。此外，其他一些替代方法可能包括锻炼、节食等，许多患者发现这些方法对缓解症状有恢复作用。A. histric 历史性的，有历史意义的；B. restrative 有助于复原的，恢复健康的；C. decisive 决定性的，果断的；D. permanent 永久的，永恒的。分析上下文可知，此处仍在讲述治疗孤独症的方法。此处的锻炼，节食等都是有助于缓解孤独，恢复健康的。故选B项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究结果还表明，纠正不适应的社会认知提供了减少孤独的最佳机会。A. prmting 促进，晋升；B. enhancing 加强；C. reducing 减少；D. striving 努力，奋斗。分析上下文，根据划线前提到“纠正不适应的社会认知”可知，也是治疗孤独的方法，可以减少孤独。故选C项。
53．考查形容词义辨析。句意：然而，孤独有时在创作过程中扮演着重要的角色。A. creative 有创意的；B. musical 音乐的；C. artistic 艺术的；D. petic 诗歌的。分析上下文，根据后文提到了 “creative expressin” 和 “creative activities” 可知，第13空A选项和他们相呼应，都在强调创作过程。故选A项。
54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这并不意味着孤独本身就保证了这种创造力，相反，它可能对艺术家的题材产生影响，更有可能出现在从事创作活动的个人身上。A. hwever 然而；B. therefre 因此；C. rather 相反；D. therwise 否则。分析上下文，划线前提到“孤独本身无法保证创造力”，而后文提到“只是对艺术家的题材产生影响”。此处前后两句表示“对立”。故选C项。
55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：更有可能出现在从事创作活动的个人身上。A. restricted t 限制；B. engaged in 从事，忙于；C. cncerned abut 担心，关心；D. altered by 改变。分析上下文，前句提到孤独对艺术的影响体现在艺术家的题材和个人身上，此处的个人是“从事”创作的人。也是和前文提到的pet和musicians等。故选B项。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
A
Tw things changed my life: my mther and a white plastic bike basket. I have thught lng and hard abut it and it’s true. I wuld be a different persn if my mm hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessry int a life lessn that I carry with me tday.
My mther and father were united in their way f raising children, but it mstly fell t my mther t actually carry it ut. Lking back, I hnestly dn’t knw hw she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it lk effrtless. If we cmplained abut nt having what anther kid did, we’d hear smething like, “I dn’t care what s-and-s gt fr his birthday, yu are nt getting a TV in yur rm, a car fr yur birthday r a lavish sweet-16 party.” We had t earn ur allwance by ding chres arund the huse. I can still remember hw lng it tk t plish the legs f ur cffee table. My brthers can n dubt remember hurs spent cleaning the huse. Like the tw little girls grwing up at the White Huse, we made ur wn beds (n ne left the huse until that was dne) and picked up after urselves. We had t keep track f ur belngings, and if smething was lst, it was nt replaced.
It was summer and, ne day, my mther drve me t the bike shp t get a tire fixed — and there it was in the windw. White, shiny, plastic and decrated with flwers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had t have it.
“It’s beautiful,” my mther said when I pinted it ut t her. “What a neat basket.”
I tried t hld ff at first. I played it cl fr a shrt while. But then I guess I culdn’t stand it any lnger: “Mm, please can I please, please get it? I’ll d extra chres fr as lng as yu say. I’ll d anything, but I need that basket. I lve that basket. Please, Mm. Please?”
I was desperate.
“ Yu knw,” she said, gently rubbing my back while we bth stared at what I believed was the clest thing ever, “If yu save up yu culd buy this yurself.”
“By the time I make enugh it’ll be gne!”
“Maybe Rger here culd hld it fr yu,” she smiled at Rger, the bike guy.
“He can’t hld it fr that lng, Mm. Smene else will buy it. Please, Mm, please?” “There might be anther way,” she said.
And s ur paying plan unflded. My mther bught the beautiful basket and put it safely in sme hiding place I culdn’t find. Each week I eagerly cunted my grwing savings increased by extra wrk here and there (washing the car, helping my mther make dinner, delivering r cllecting things n my bike that already lked naked withut the basket in frnt). And then, weeks later, I cunted, re-cunted and jumped fr jy. Oh, happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amunt we’d agreed
Days later the unthinkable happened. A neighbrhd girl I’d played with millins f times appeared with the exact same basket fixed t her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rde hard and fast hme t tell my mther abut this disaster. This hrrible turn f events.
And then came the lessn I’ve taken with me thrugh my life: “Hney, yur basket is extra-special,” Mm said, gently wiping away my ht tears. “Yur basket is special because yu paid fr it yurself.”
56．What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．The mther raised her children in an unusual way.
B．The writer envied the daughters f the U.S. president.
C．The writer’s parents shared the duty t bring up children.
D．Managing budget is an effrtless jb t mst husewives.
57．By using “naked” (Paragraph 12), the authr seems t stress that the basket was ________.
A．well wrth the effrt she had madeB．the mst valuable she had ever btained
C．an unnecessary accessry t her bikeD．smething the bike culdn’t d withut
58．T the authr, it seemed t be a hrrible turn f events that ________.
A．the basket cst mre than she had saved
B．smene else had gt a basket f the same kind
C．her paying plan was spiled
D．a neighbrhd girl bught a nicer bike
59．What is the life lessn the authr learned frm her mther?
A．Save mney fr a rainy day.B．Gd advice is beynd all price.
C．Earn yur bread with yur sweat.D．Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
【答案】56．A 57．A 58．B 59．C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是最珍贵的。
56．推理判断题。根据第二段的“We had t earn ur allwance by ding chres arund the huse. I can still remember hw lng it tk t plish the legs f ur cffee table. My brthers can n dubt remember hurs spent cleaning the huse. Like the tw little girls grwing up at the White Huse, we made ur wn beds (n ne left the huse until that was dne) and picked up after urselves. We had t keep track f ur belngings, and if smething was lst, it was nt replaced.(我们不得不靠在家里做家务来赚取零用钱。我还记得我们擦咖啡桌腿花了多长时间。毫无疑问，我的兄弟们还记得打扫房子花了几个小时。就像在白宫长大的两个小女孩一样，我们自己铺床（不铺床谁也不能出门），然后自己收拾行李。我们必须记录我们的物品，如果有东西丢失了，就不会更换。)”可知，作者的母亲用不寻常的方法教育孩子。故选A项。
57．推理判断题。根据第十二段的“Each week I eagerly cunted my grwing savings increased by extra wrk here and there (washing the car, helping my mther make dinner, delivering r cllecting things n my bike that already lked naked withut the basket in frnt). And then, weeks later, I cunted, re-cunted and jumped fr jy. Oh, happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amunt we’d agreed (每周，我都会急切地数着我不断增长的积蓄，这些积蓄是因为我到处做额外的工作（洗车、帮妈妈做饭、在自行车上送东西或收集东西，自行车在前面没有篮子的情况下看起来已经一丝不挂了）。几周后，我数了数，又数了一遍，高兴地跳了起来。哦，快乐的一天！我成功了！我终于拿到了我们商定的确切金额...)”以及联系第三段的“White, shiny, plastic and decrated with flwers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had t have it.( 这个白色、闪亮、塑料、装饰着鲜花的篮子朝我眨了眨眼睛，我知道——我知道——我必须拥有它。)”可知，作者非常想要一个篮子并且通过自己的努力而获得了，所以作者使naked“光秃秃的”这个词，说明这个篮子非常值得她努力。故选A项。
58． 细节理解题。根据第十三段的“A neighbrhd girl I’d played with millins f times appeared with the exact same basket fixed t her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rde hard and fast hme t tell my mther abut this disaster. This hrrible turn f events.(一个和我玩过数百万次的邻居女孩出现了，她那辆闪闪发光的新自行车上固定着一模一样的篮子，上面已经有了所有的铃铛和口哨。我飞快地骑车回家，把这场灾难告诉了母亲。这可怕的转折。)” 可知，作者认为其他人有和她相同的篮子是一个灾难。故选B项。
59． 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yur basket is special because yu paid fr it yurself.(你的篮子很特别，因为是你自己付的钱。)”并结合短文可知，作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是最珍贵的。由此判断出作者的妈妈教育作者要通过自己的努力获得想要的东西，也就是Earn yur bread with yur sweat(用汗水赢得面包)。故选C项。
B
There’s a new frntier in 3D printing that’s beginning t cme int fcus: fd. Recent develpment has made pssible machines that print, ck, and serve fds n a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stpping there.
Fd prductin
With a 3D printer, a ck can print cmplicated chclate sculptures and beautiful pieces fr decratin n a wedding cake. Nt everybdy can d that-it takes years f experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Fdini t “recreate frms and pieces” f fd that are “exactly the same,” freeing cks t cmplete ther tasks. In anther restaurant, all f the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm t table.
Sustainability(可持续性)
The glbal ppulatin is expected t grw t 9.6 billin by 2050, and sme analysts estimate that fd prductin will need t be raised by 50 percent t maintain current levels. Sustainability is becming a necessity. 3D fd printing culd prbably cntribute t the slutin. Sme experts believe printers culd use hydrcllids(水解胶体)frm plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass t replace the familiar ingredients.3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissins. Grcery stres f the future might stck “fd” that lasts years n end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transprtatin and strage requirements.
Nutritin
Future 3D fd printers culd make prcessed fd healthier. Hd Lipsn, a prfessr at Clumbia University, said, “Fd printing culd allw cnsumers t print fd with custmized nutritinal cntent, like vitamins. S instead f eating a piece f yesterday’s bread frm the supermarket, yu’d eat smething baked just fr yu n demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D fd printing, the industry has many challenges t vercme. Currently, mst ingredients must be changed t a paste befre a printer can use them, and the printing prcess is quite time-cnsuming, because ingredients interact with each ther in very cmplex ways. On tp f that, mst f the 3D fd printers nw are restricted t dry ingredients, because meat and milk prducts may easily g bad. Sme experts are skeptical abut 3D fd printers, believing they are better suited fr fast fd restaurants than hmes and high-end restaurants.
60．What benefit des 3D printing bring t fd prductin?
A．It helps cks t create new dishes.B．It saves time and effrt in cking.
C．It imprves the cking cnditins.D．It cntributes t restaurant decratins
61．Accrding t Paragraph 4,3D-printed fd _______.
A．is mre available t cnsumersB．can meet individual nutritinal needs
C．is mre tasty than fd in supermarketsD．can keep all the nutritin in raw materials
62．What is the main factr that prevents 3D fd printing frm spreading widely?
A．The printing prcess is cmplicated.B．3D fd printers are t expensive.
C．Fd materials have t be dryD．Sme experts dubt 3D fd printing
【答案】60．B 61．B 62．C
【导语】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战。
60．推理判断题。根据文章Fd prductin中的“With a 3D printer, a ck can print cmplicated chclate sculptures and beautiful pieces fr decratin n a wedding cake. Nt everybdy can d that-it takes years f experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Fdini t “recreate frms and pieces” f fd that are “exactly the same,” freeing cks t cmplete ther tasks. (有了3D打印机，厨师可以打印复杂的巧克力雕塑和漂亮的装饰在婚礼蛋糕上。不是每个人都能做到这一点——这需要多年的经验，但一台打印机使它变得容易。西班牙一家餐厅使用Fdini来“重新制作”“一模一样”的食物，让厨师们腾出时间去完成其他任务。)”可推断，3D打印的优势是节省了做饭的时间和精力。故选B。
61．细节理解题。根据文章Nutritin 中的“Fd printing culd allw cnsumers t print fd with custmized nutritinal cntent, like vitamins.（食品打印可以让消费者打印出具有定制营养成分的食品，比如维生素。）”可知，3D打印出来的食物可以满足个人营养需求。故选B。
62．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“On tp f that, mst f the 3D fd printers nw are restricted t dry ingredients, because meat and milk prducts may easily g bad. (最重要的是，现在大多数3D食品打印机都局限于干燥的原料，因为肉类和奶制品很容易变质。一些专家对3D食品打印机持怀疑态度，认为它们更适合快餐店，而不是家庭和高端餐厅。)”可推断，食品材料必须干燥是阻碍3D食品打印普及的主要因素。故选C。
C
Cnservatinists g t war ver whether humans are the measure f nature’s value. New Cnservatinists argue such trade-ffs are necessary in this human dminated era. And they supprt “re-wilding”, a cncept riginally prpsed by Sule where peple reduce ecnmic grwth and withdraw frm landscapes, which then return t nature.
New Cnservatinists believe the withdrawal culd happen tgether with ecnmic grwth. The Califrnia-based Breakthrugh Institute believes in a future where mst peple live in cities and rely less n natural resurces fr ecnmic grwth.
They wuld get fd frm industrial agriculture, including genetically mdified fds, desalinatin intensified meat prductin and aquaculture (水产养殖), all f which have a smaller land ftprint. And they wuld get their energy frm renewables and natural gas.
Driving these prfund shifts wuld be greater efficiency f prductin, where mre prducts culd be manufactured frm fewer inputs. And sme unsustainable cmmdities wuld be replaced in the market by ther, greener nes-natural gas fr cal, fr instance, explained Michael Heisenberg., president f the Breakthrugh Institute. Nature wuld, in essence, be decupled frm the ecnmy.
And then he added a warning: “We are nt suggesting decupling as the pattern t save the wrld, r that it slves all the prblems.”
Cynics (悲观者) may say all this sunds t utpian, but Breakthrugh maintains the wrld is already n this path tward decupling. Nwhere is this mre evident than in the United Sates, accrding t Idd Wernick, a research schlar at the Rckefeller University, wh has examined the natin’s use f 100 main cmmdities.
Wernick and his clleagues lked at data carefully frm the U.S. Gelgical Survey Natinal Minerals Infrmatin Center, which keeps a recrd f cmmdities used frm 1900 thrugh the present day. They fund that the use f 36 cmmdities (sand, irn re, cttn etc.) in the U. S. Ecnmy had peaked.
Anther 53 cmmdities (nitrgen, timber, beef, etc.) are being used mre efficiently per dllar value f grss dmestic prduct than in the pre-1970s era. Their use wuld peak sn, Wernick said.
Only 11 cmmdities (industrial diamnd, indium, chicken, etc.) are increasing in use (Greenwire, Nv. 6), and mst f these are emplyed by industries in small quantities t imprve systems prcesses. Chicken use is rising because peple are eating less beef, a desirable develpment since pultry cultivatin has a smaller envirnmental ftprint.
The numbers shw the United States has nt intensified resurce cnsumptin since the 1970s even while increasing its GDP and ppulatin, said Jesse Ausubel f the Rckefeller University.
“It seems like the 20th-century expectatin we had, we were always assuming the future invlved greater cnsumptin f resurces,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the develped cuntries is, f curse, peaks.”
63．What des the underlined wrd “trade-ffs” refer t in the first paragraph?
A．The difficult situatin f ecnmies grwth.
B．The prfitability f imprt and exprt trade.
C．The balance between human develpment and natural eclgy.
D．The cnsumptin f natural resurces by industrial develpment.
64．Which f the fllwing is true f the views f the new envirnmentalists?
A．They believe that mankind shuld limit ecnmic grwth.
B．They believe that mankind is the master f the whle universe.
C．They believe that mankind shuld live in frests with rich vegetatin.
D．They believe that mankind will need mre natural resurces in the future.
65．What can we infer frm the last paragraph f the passage?
A．Natural resurces cannt supprt ecnmic develpment.
B．All resurce cnsumptin in develped cuntries has reached a peak.
C．Mre resurce cnsumptin will nt ccur in a certain perid f time.
D．Excessive resurce cnsumptin will nt affect the eclgical envirnment.
66．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Urbanizatin and re-wildness.
B．Human existence and industrial develpment.
C．Cmmdity trading and raw material develpment.
D．Sciecnmic develpment and resurce cnsumptin.
【答案】63．C 64．A 65．C 66．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新保护主义者的“重野化”概念。
63．词句猜测题。根据前文“Cnservatinists g t war ver whether humans are the measure f nature’s value. (自然资源保护主义者就人类是否是自然价值的衡量标准展开了战争)”可知，自然资源保护主义者倡导权衡人类与自然关系，结合后文“And they supprt “re-wilding”, a cncept riginally prpsed by Sule where peple reduce ecnmic grwth and withdraw frm landscapes, which then return t nature. (他们还支持“再野生化”，这一概念最初是由索勒提出的，即人们减少经济增长，退出自然景观，然后回归自然)”可知，他们提倡人们减少经济增长，退出自然景观，然后回归自然。由此推知，他们认为这种人与自然的平衡是必要的，trade-ffs指的是人类发展与自然生态的平衡。故选C。
64．推理判断题。根据第二段中“New Cnservatinists believe the withdrawal culd happen tgether with ecnmic grwth. The Califrnia-based Breakthrugh Institute believes in a future where mst peple live in cities and rely less n natural resurces fr ecnmic grwth. (新环保主义者认为，退出可以与经济增长一起发生。总部位于加州的突破研究所相信，未来大多数人将生活在城市，经济增长对自然资源的依赖将减少)”可推知，新环保主义者认为人类应该限制经济增长。故选A。
65．推理判断题。根据最后一段““It seems like the 20th-century expectatin we had, we were always assuming the future invlved greater cnsumptin f resurces,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the develped cuntries is, f curse, peaks.” (奥苏贝尔说：“这似乎就像我们20世纪的预期，我们总是假设未来会消耗更多的资源。”“但我们在发达国家看到的，当然是峰值。”)”可断，现在的资源消耗是峰值，由此推知，在一段时间内不会出现更多的资源消耗。故选C。
66．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是前两段的内容可知，这篇短文主要讨论了新保护主义者的观点，他们认为人类是衡量自然价值的标准，提倡“重野化”概念，即人们应限制经济增长，减少对自然资源的依赖，提高生产效率，并从自然景观中退出，让自然回归。因此，文章主要和社会经济发展、资源消耗有关。故选D。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passages. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Mdern cmputer technlgy has made a new kind f human relatinship pssible: nline friendship. 67 Are nline friendships as beneficial as face-t-face friendships? What are the advantages and disadvantages f having virtual friends? Can peple frm strng bnds nline? Tday these questins are the subject f lively debate.
Sme peple believe that the Internet is the best way t make new friends. It’s cnvenient, it’s fast, and it allws making cntact with different kinds f peple frm all ver the wrld. When yu use scial netwrking, websites and chat rms, yu can easily find peple with interests and hbbies similar t yurs. Infrmatin updates and phts add t the experience. Making friends n the Internet is especially gd fr shy peple wh feel uncmfrtable in scial situatins. It’s ften easier t share thughts and feelings nline. 68 They can make peple feel less lnely and help them slve prblems.
Althugh the Internet can encurage friendship, it has a majr disadvantage. 69 Online friends nly tell yu what they want yu t knw. They smetimes exaggerate their gd qualities and hide the less psitive nes, s yu can’t be sure f what they really like. That is why yu shuld nt give persnal infrmatin t anyne nline unless yu’re ttally sure f wh that persn is.
Can nline friendship be as meaningful as face-t-face nes? There are different pints f view. Researchers at the University f Suthern Califrnia surveyed 2,000 husehlds in the United States. The results shwed that mre than 40 percent f participants feel “as strngly abut their nline buddies” as they d abut their “ffline” friends. 70 In cntrast, there are many peple wh believe that it’s nt pssible t have deep relatinships with nline friends, A yung Indian sftware engineer, Lalitha Lakshmipathy, says, “it’s gd t feel cnnected with many peple, but all my e-buddies are nt necessarily my clse friends.” They say that it’s hard t develp feelings f trust and cnnectin when yu dn’t share experiences in persn.
Peple cntinue t express different pinins abut nline friendship. Hwever, mst f them wuld agree that virtual friendships must nt replace face-t-face friendships. As ne life cach says, “a scial netwrking site shuld nly be the ‘add n’ in any relatinship.”
【答案】67．F 68．A 69．B 70．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了现代计算机技术带来的新型人际关系——在线友谊。
67．根据上文“Mdern cmputer technlgy has made a new kind f human relatinship pssible: nline friendship(现代计算机技术使一种新型的人际关系成为可能：网络友谊)”可知，上文提出了网络友谊这一概念，可推理出下文对这一概念进行解释，与F项“Online friends, r virtual friends, are peple wh have becme acquainted with each ther thrugh the Internet(网络朋友或虚拟朋友是指通过互联网相互认识的人)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
68．根据下文“They can make peple feel less lnely and help them slve prblems.( 它们可以让人们不那么孤独，并帮助他们解决问题)”可知此处上下文说的是虚拟朋友可以提供情感支持，与A项“In additin, virtual friends can ffer emtinal supprt.(此外，虚拟朋友可以提供情感支持。)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
69．根据下文“Online friends nly tell yu what they want yu t knw. They smetimes exaggerate their gd qualities and hide the less psitive nes, s yu can’t be sure f what they really like.( 网上朋友只告诉你他们想让你知道的事情。他们有时夸大自己的好品质，而隐藏不那么积极的品质，所以你无法确定他们真正喜欢什么)”可知，此处上下文说的是虚拟朋友由于无法面对面交流，可能会有欺骗人的情况，与B项“When yu’re nt face t face, it’s much easier t deceive peple.( 当你不面对面时，欺骗别人会容易得多。)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
70．根据上文“The results shwed that mre than 40 percent f participants feel “as strngly abut their nline buddies” as they d abut their “ffline” friends.( 结果显示，超过40%的参与者对“在线好友”的感觉和对“离线”好友的感觉一样强烈。)”可知此处上下文说的是研究人员发现的一项研究结果，即网上的朋友变成面对面的朋友以后，他们的友谊依然感觉强烈，与D项“Researchers als fund that it’s nt unusual fr nline friends t becme face-t-face friend.(研究人员还发现，网上朋友变成面对面的朋友并不罕见)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
IV. Summary Writing
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
71．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Teens and Screens
Frced by parent prtesters citing t research int the links between adlescent scial-media habits and risk factrs fr suicide, such as depressin, tw large investrs in Apple have agreed that the technlgy cmpany must help parents limit their children’s smart phne use. On scial media, parents are cnstantly cmplaining abut phnes’ addictive prperties. On the schl run, parents cmpare strategies fr limiting screen time.
Befre ging fr the ff switch, parents shuld ask a questin. Des cutting dwn n their kids’ use f iPhnes, Instagram and s n d much gd in slving adlescents’ prblems? On the available evidence, the answer may be n. Sme studies f Britain and America, which cnduct large surveys f yung peple, have fund crrelatins (相关性) between heavy technlgy use and unhappiness. Crrelatin is nt causatin, hwever, it culd be that unhappy peple seek refuge nline. And the crrelatins are very weak. Only abut 1% f the variability in yung peple’s mental well being can be explained by scial-media r smartphne use. One British study suggests that eating breakfast regularly is mre than three times as imprtant.
Parents wh wrry abut their teenage kids can d smething, hwever. Drive them ut f the huse. There is plenty f evidence fr the cheering effects f hanging ut with friends. Yet yungsters are ding less f this. Scial pressure is ne reasn. Accrding t brader attitudes in Britain, “teenagers hanging ut n the streets” is a standard measure f anti-scial behaviur. The authritative Crime Survey f England asks peple whether adlescent hanging-ut shuld be regarded as a scial prblem. Mst respndents said yes. That the rate f adlescent hanging-ut has drpped frm 33% t 16% in ten years may please criminlgists, but it is unlikely t signal happier teenagers.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Parents and investrs are cncerned abut the impact f scial media n adlescents' mental health, leading Apple t cnsider limiting smartphne use. Hwever, reducing screen time may nt be the slutin, as the link between technlgy use and unhappiness is weak. Encuraging teenagers t spend mre time with friends may have a mre psitive impact n their well-being.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，社交媒体使用与青少年自杀风险因素之间关联的研究导致家长和投资者担心社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响，进而促使苹果公司考虑限制智能手机使用。然而，减少屏幕时间可能并不是解决问题的办法，因为科技使用与不幸福之间的关联并不强。文章表明，促进青少年与朋友之间的社交互动可能对他们的幸福感产生更积极的影响。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Frced by parent prtesters citing t research int the links between adlescent scial-media habits and risk factrs fr suicide, such as depressin, tw large investrs in Apple have agreed that the technlgy cmpany must help parents limit their children’s smart phne use.
②Sme studies f Britain and America, which cnduct large surveys f yung peple, have fund crrelatins (相关性) between heavy technlgy use and unhappiness.
③Crrelatin is nt causatin, hwever, it culd be that unhappy peple seek refuge nline. And the crrelatins are very weak.
④Parents wh wrry abut their teenage kids can d smething, hwever. Drive them ut f the huse. That the rate f adlescent hanging-ut has drpped frm 33% t 16% in ten years may please criminlgists, but it is unlikely t signal happier teenagers.
2.缜密构思
将第1、4两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
The cncerns f parents and investrs abut the impact f scial media n the mental health f adlescents have led t Apple cnsidering restrictins n smartphne usage.
Hwever, reducing screen time may nt be the slutin, as the link between technlgy use and unhappiness is nt strng.
The article suggests that encuraging adlescents t spend mre time with friends may have a mre psitive impact n their well-being.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Parents and investrs are cncerned abut the impact f scial media n adlescents' mental health, leading Apple t cnsider limiting smartphne use.运用了现在分词作状语结构，表达高级。
[高分句型2] Encuraging teenagers t spend mre time with friends may have a mre psitive impact n their well-being.使用动名词作主语的结构表达非常高级。
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72．他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(bil)（汉译英）
【答案】He biled sme water with a/the kettle and made a cup f tea fr me.
【详解】考查时态。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“用水壶”是with a/the kettle，“烧了些水”是bil sme water，bil用过去式，“为我”是fr me，“泡一杯茶”是make a cup f tea，make用过去式，用and连接两个动作。故答案为He biled sme water with a/the kettle and made a cup f tea fr me.
73．这部电影，还原生活，它提醒观众们幸福来之不易。(remind) (汉译英)
【答案】This film, restring life, reminds the audience that happiness has nt cme easily.
【详解】考查动词、非谓语和宾语从句。分析句子，句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“还原生活”用restre life，此处用现在分词作后置定语；表示“提醒观众……”用remind the audience that...其中that引导宾语从句；表示“幸福来之不易”用happiness has nt cme easily，此表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，即使用现在完成时，故翻译为This film, restring life, reminds the audience that happiness has nt cme easily。
74．专家提醒观众，在我们的厨余垃圾中仍有不少的资源值得再利用。(wrthy) (汉译英)
【答案】Experts remind the audience that many resurces are still wrthy f being recycled in ur kitchen waste.
【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。根据句意，表示“专家”应为experts作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“提醒观众某事”应为remind the audience sth.，结合句意可知，该句描述的是现在的客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，分析句意可知，表示“在我们的厨余垃圾中仍有不少的资源值得再利用”应为宾语从句，根据句意，表示“不少的资源”应为many resurces作从句的主语，表示“值得作某事”应为be wrthy f ding sth.，句子主语为名词复数，所以be动词应为are，表示“再利用”应为recycle，且与句子主语之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用动名词的被动形式being recycled作宾语，表示“在我们的厨余垃圾中”应为in ur kitchen waste，所以宾语从句译为many resurces are still wrthy f being recycled in ur kitchen waste，从句中不缺少主语和宾语且句意完整，所以使用that引导宾语从句。故翻译为Experts remind the audience that many resurces are still wrthy f being recycled in ur kitchen waste.
75．正是因为贯彻“顾客为本”的理念，那个落寞已久的社区商场才得以重回大众视线。(It)(汉译英)
【答案】It is because f the implementatin f the “custmer first” cncept that the lng-deserted cmmunity shpping mall culd return t the public eye.
【详解】考查强调句型。because f (因为)，implementatin (贯彻)，cncept (理念)，可用“It is +被强调部分+ that/wh +其它”强调句型结构表达，此处被强调部分是原因状语because f the implementatin f the “custmer first” cncept，用that；主句部分谓语用“情态动词culd+动词原形”，lng-deserted (落寞已久的)，shpping mall (商场)，故翻译为：It is because f the implementatin f the “custmer first” cncept that the lng-deserted cmmunity shpping mall culd return t the public eye.
V. Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
76．Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，外国教授Jane Wilsn将于你校开展一个有关生涯规划的讲座，现向全校学生征集大家感兴趣的问题，并会在讲座中进行解答。给教授写一封邮件，内容须包括：
1）中国学生最感兴趣的两个有关生涯规划的问题；
2）你的理由。
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【答案】Dear Jane Wilsn，
Hearing that yu will give us a lecture n career planning, I am writing t intrduce tw questins abut career planning that Chinese students are mst interested in.
Firstly, many students wnder if career gals shuld align with their values and interests. It is well knwn that a prmising career ften runs cunter t ne’s interests. If we pursue this career, we wn’t be happy. On the cntrary, If we nly cnsider ur hbbies, ur careers may nt be s wnderful. Besides, many students still want t knw hw t deal with parents’ different expectatins. We dn’t want t let ur parents dwn, but we als dn’t want t give up ur ideals. This is why many students feel struggled when it cmes t career planning.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my prpsal. I lk frward t hearing yur thughts n this matter.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本书面表达属于应用文写作。要求给外教写封邮件，介绍中国学生最感兴趣的两个有关生涯规划的问题并陈述原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发表演讲：give a lecture→deliver a lecture
与……一致：align with→accrd with
此外：besides → what’s mre
处理：deal with→handle
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, many students still want t knw hw t deal with parents’ different expectatins.
拓展句：Besides, many students still want t knw hw t deal with parents’ expectatins, which are different frm their wn career planning.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing that yu will give us a lecture n career planning, I am writing t intrduce tw questins abut career planning that Chinese students are mst interested in.（运用了that引导的宾语从句及that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】It is well knwn that a prmising career ften runs cunter t ne’s interests. （运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句）
A．alternative B．astnishing C． cmputerized D．cntributin E. develping
F. rate G. mdified H. perfect I. reject J. relevance K. sufficient
A．In additin, virtual friends can ffer emtinal supprt.
B．When yu’re nt face t face, it’s much easier t deceive peple.
C．Many peple wuld agree.
D．Researchers als fund that it’s nt unusual fr nline friends t becme face-t-face friend.
E．Online friends may be f help in many ways.
F．Online friends, r virtual friends, are peple wh have becme acquainted with each ther thrugh the Internet.