专题3 语法填空科技类 专项练习

这是一份专题3 语法填空科技类 专项练习，共18页。
The latest hit drama series named "Medal f the Republic" ①______ (aruse) enthusiastic discussin n Chinese scial media. The series tells heart-warming stries abut the first grup f eight recipients f the Medal f the Republic, the cuntry's ②______(high) hnr fr thse ③______ have made great cntributins t ④______ develpment f the Peple's Republic f China.
Amng the recipients are cmbat ⑤______(her) Li Yannian and Zhang Fuqing, nuclear physicist Yu Min, farmer Shen Jilan, satellite expert Sun Jiadng, "father f hybrid rice" Yuan Lngping, nuclear scientist Huang Xuhua, and pharmaclgist Tu Yuyu.
The series is centered ⑥______ these peple's devtin t their careers and ⑦______(cntinue) effrts t imprve Chinese peple's lives. Thrugh the patritism and the never-yielding spirit shwn by these great peple, the series hpes ⑧______(inspire) the yunger generatin.
Accrding t the series' chief directr Zheng Xialng, ⑨______(cmpare)t mst dcumentaries that shw the whle life f the featured individual, this series fcuses ⑩______(specific) n the individuals' mst shining mments.
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heard f the “metaverse” (元宇宙) lately? It has been hard nt t. “Metaverse”, a ①________ (cmbine) f the prefix “meta”, meaning beynd and “verse”, which relates t the universe, has becme the ②________ (late) buzzwrd (热词).
Facebk Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg mentined this term 16 times n a meeting ③________ (hld) last mnth. The future f Facebk, he said, is a metaverse, ④________ yu can be physically present t hang ut, play games, wrk and create.
But he didn’t cin the term. Neal Stephensn’s 1992 science fictin is regarded as the riginal inspiratin fr the cncept. Tech giants want t play a rle—preferably a ⑤________ (lead) ne. Cmpanies ranging frm Intel Cre t Unity Sftware made relevant plans last year. Apple Inc. is reprted ⑥________ (wrk) n AR devices f its wn currently.
But wrld thrugh VR has plenty f drawbacks. There is still nging debate as t ⑦________ cntinual use f VR is safe. Sme suggest parents avid expsing their children t VR as their eyes are still develping. In additin, its target ppulatin interact little with peple in real life, which ⑧________ (cause) cncern in the past few years.
The last decade has seen AR and VR develp ⑨________ (remarkable). Metaverse, ⑩__________ a cnsequence, can be built as expected. But cnsumers will have t lk befre they leap.
三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu ever wndered ①________ yu wuld d t slve math prblems if yu didn’t have a calculatr r cmputer r even pencil and paper? Peple in China have used an ancient cunting tl ②________(perfrm) mathematical peratins. The Chinese calculatr’s name is “suanpan”, but it is knwn ③________ “abacus” in English. Invented by Liu Hng, abacus is ne f the symbls f Chinese peple’s wisdm ④________(date) back t the 12th century.
Abacus has had a far-reaching influence n science and technlgy, language, literature, art, architecture and many ⑤________ fields f China and even sme areas f the wrld. Meanwhile, abacus has affected peple’s character, such as hnesty and diligence. Fr centuries, this simple cunting device (设备) ⑥________(pass) dwn thrugh different dynasties with its riginal design and purpse ⑦________(actual) unchanged.
The calculatins can be made n it immediately, with the device string the results in “visual strage” much like a cmputer display. When wrking with an amunt f ⑧________(number), an abacus is practically faster, since it has a ⑨________(gd) “keybard” than the Western calculatrs. Anyway, the small abacus has made an utstanding cntributin in the fields f human intellectual develpment, just as the cmputer des in tday’s ⑩________(scial).
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thanks t an nline facial recgnitin system, a ①______(China)man wh was separated frm his parents as a child has fund his family.
Fu Gui, 33, was re-cnnected with his birth parents n April 1, 2018 after ②______(use) “Baby Cme Hme", a website that is ③______(special) used t help peple find their missing relatives.
The website use a facial recgnitin system, ④______ matches the prtraits ffered by parents wh are lking fr their missing ⑤______(child) with peple wh are trying t find their parents.
This is the first time in China missing children and their parents ⑥______(be) re-cnnected with-the help f facial recgnitin technlgy.
As his father recalled, Fu Gui ⑦______(bear) in Chngqing, suth-west China, in 1984 and went missing in 1990. ⑧______(find) his sn, the man upladed Fu Gui's infrmatin t the website "Baby Cme Hme" and attached a picture f Fu Gui ⑨______ he was little.
The re-cnnectin f Fu Gui and his parents marked ⑩________ first case in China fr missing children and their families t be matched with the help f facial recgnitin technlgy.
五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhu-13 return capsule, carrying the three Chinese astrnauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, ①______(safe) landed back n Earth n Saturday mrning after a recrd breaking six-mnth missin in space. China declared the Shenzhu-13 missin ②______ cmplete success after the medical team waiting n site cnfirmed that all three astrnauts were ③______ gd health.
Zhai, the cmmander f the missin, was the first ④______(cme) ut f the capsule, waving his hand t the cheering crwd n site with a big smile. He said he felt very gd. He ⑤______(fllw) by Wang, the first female Chinese astrnaut wh had entered China’s space statin. “I want t tell my daughter, mm returned after reaching fr the stars,” she said. Ye ⑥______(exit) last frm the capsule.
“My first flight t space lasted six ⑦______(mnth), which was a challenge t me. My space dream came true,” he said.
During the six-mnth jurney in the space statin, the crew cnfirmed key technlgies fr the cnstructin f the space statin, ⑧______(invlve) in-rbit transpsitin f spacecraft and rbtic arm peratin f heavy lads. Besides ⑨______(science) missins, the crew als gave tw live science lectures frm the space statin, during ⑩________ they cnducted varius experiments and answered questins frm students watching the class n Earth.
六、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr mre than 12,000 years the tls f farming ①______(develp) frm hes t hrse-drawn plws t high-tech tractrs. Nw, as we face the all-time challenge f feeding eight billin peple, the tls f agriculture are changing nce again.
A drne (无人机) circling high abve the cuntryside gives a farmer an verall verview int what is happening n their land. Equipped with specialized ②______ (camera), drnes prvide real-time data n crps, lcating areas that need watering, weeding, r treating, and even ③____ (perfrm) sme f thse tasks themselves. ④______ (similar), drnes can track herds f cattle r sheep ver vast areas, helping t identify sickness and lcate lst animals mre efficiently than man alne.
Meanwhile, n the grund, autnmus rbts, which ⑤______ (design) t drill, sw, water, weed, treat, and even harvest crps, culd be the key t micr-managing large areas f farmland. These rbts wrk ⑥______ a team, cmmunicating cnstantly with ne anther while independently making precise decisins n exactly what is needed centimeter by centimeter.
Alngside drnes and rbts, a ⑦______ (cmbine) f sensrs, hand-held devices and Apps, is making it easier ⑧______ (gather) valuable infrmatin n everything frm sil health t crp grwth. Armed with these new tls, farmers will have ⑨______ (great) cntrl f their resurces than ever befre, at a time ⑩______ maximizing agricultural prductivity has becme a glbal pririty.
七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Face recgnitin technlgy has made the jurney frm science fictin fancy ①______ the everyday familiar thing in ur lives. In particular, facial recgnitin can be divided int tw separate ②______ (technique) fr identifying individuals: face detectin and face identificatin. Face detectin refers t ③______ (find) a human face within an image and identifying the measurements, relative placement and size f facial features. Face identificatin determines the identity f ④______ human face by cmparing it with existing phts in a database.
Japan’s NEC ⑤______ (develp) face recgnitin technlgy in the late 1990s. Its NeFace system can ⑥______ (accurate) identify human faces bth in still images and vides. Recgnitin can be perfrmed while subjects are walking naturally, ⑦______ means that there’s n need t remain still in frnt f a camera.
In the past few years, many new applicatins fr face recgnitin technlgy ⑧______ (appear). Fr example, in ffice building cafeterias, face recgnitin technlgy can shrten the check-ut prcess. Banks can als emply the system ⑨______ (detect) VIP custmers nce they have entered the bank. With bth security and ​⑩______ (cnvenient) in mind, NEC attempts t use face recgnitin technlgy in building a better future fr all.
八、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Halversn launched Waitz App with his rmmates in UC San Dieg after being frustrated by the lack f pen spaces at the University's library.
"I was walking up and dwn several ①_____ (flr)f UCSD's Geisel Library trying t find a seat, nly ②_____ (see)n space available, " Halversn said. "I said t myself ut lud, 'I wish I knew ③_____ busy every flr was befre I came!' "
This fall, students in UCSD can mnitr seats thrugh Waitz App, seeing which areas f the library have free seats withut ④_____ (have)t physically visit it themselves. It uses the Internet t determine the number f peple in a ⑤_____ (give)space. Sensrs, ⑥_____ can scan fr Bluetth and Wi-Fi signals, are fixed int the walls. The signals ⑦_____ (change)int live ccupancy data which are displayed in the mnitrs and n the mbile app. Accrding t Halversn, the sensrs have at least 90% ⑧_____ (accurate)and d nt cllect any ⑨_____ (persn) infrmatin. Using the app, they can identify their best bets fr ⑩_____ alternative space-and t knw befre they g t the library where's the best place t find a spt.
九、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over the past 3 decades great scientific breakthrughs ①________(make) in China. And a piece f gd news: newly-develped rbtic hands were displayed at ②________ sci-tech exhibitin last Tuesday in East China’s Anhui prvince. The rbtic arms, develped by researchers at the University f Science and Technlgy f China (USTC), have advanced ③________ (grasp) abilities cmpared with thse n the market. They can cmplete flexible mvements including picking up pieces f paper, bwls, sft tfu and cakes and placing ④________ (they) in certain places accurately. With the arms, rbts can grasp and place different bjects ⑤________ (steady) after judging the shape and size f the item.
"Imprted rbtic arms with such functins ⑥________ (be) very expensive and the current rbtic arms in China can hardly cnduct such cmplex mvements. ⑦________, the new rbtic arms cst n mre than 1,000 yuan, ⑧________ gives them an advantage fr much wider ⑨________ (apply)“ said Chen Xiaping, directr f the Rbtics Labratry at USTC. Accrding t Chen, the arms will be first fixed n ”Kejia“, a hme service rbt develped by USTC, and are expected ​⑩________ (use) in mre fields such as the elderly care services and lgistics in the future.
十、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's hard t keep up with technlgy, especially when science fictin becmes science fact. Fr decades, we ①______（watch）mvies abut a future with flying cars. This week, we saw a real ne. A prttype flying AirCar ②______（successful）cmpleted a test flight between tw cities in Slvakia. The 90km jurney tk 35 minutes. AirCar is frm a cmpany ③______（call）Klein Visin. The cmpany funder said，④______（fly）at a height f 2,500 metres and a speed f 185kph,it has turned science fictin int a ⑤______（real）.”
AirCar is a rad-legal car ⑥______ transfrms int an aircraft in less than three minutes. AirCar CEO Prfessr Stefan Klein flew and landed the vehicle ⑦______ its test flight. After landing at Bratislava Airprt, he pushed ne buttn ⑧______（turn）the aircraft int a sprts car and drve it int dwntwn Bratislava. He described ⑨______ flight as "nrmal" and "very pleasant". His cmpany is wrking n a newer AirCar. This will have a much ⑩______（pwer）engine that is capable f a cruising speed f 300 kph and a range f 1,000 kilmetres. The newer mdel will be a fur-seater as ppsed t the tw-seater that was recently tested.
答案以及解析
一、
答案：①has arused②highest③wh④the⑤heres⑥n⑦cntinuus⑧t inspire⑨cmpared⑩specifically
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是电视剧《功勋》。
①考查时态和主谓一致。句意:最新热播电视剧《功勋》在中国社交媒体上引发了热烈的讨论。根据语境可知,《功勋》已经引发了热烈的讨论,因此句子时态用现在完成时,主语“The latest hit drama series”指的是《功勋》这一部电视剧,因此是单数,空格处是has arused,故填has arused。
②考查形容词最高级。句意:该电视剧讲述了首批8位共和国勋章获得者的感人故事。共和国勋章是国家授予那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉。由常识可知,共和国勋章是国家授予那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉,空格处意为“最高的”,用形容词最高级highest,故填highest。
③考查定语从句。句意:该电视剧讲述了首批8位共和国勋章获得者的感人故事。共和国勋章是国家授予那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词thse指人,因此空格处用关系代词wh,故填wh。
④考查定冠词。句意:该电视剧讲述了首批8位共和国勋章获得者的感人故事。共和国勋章是国家授予那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉。空格处用定冠词特指“中华人民共和国的发展”,故填the。
⑤考查名词的复数。句意:获奖者包括战斗英雄李延年和张福清、核物理学家于敏、农民申纪兰、卫星专家孙家栋、“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平、核科学家黄旭华和药理学家屠呦呦。“Li Yannian and Zhang Fuqing, nuclear physicist Yu Min, farmer Shen Jilan, satellite expert Sun Jiadng, "father f hybrid rice" Yuan Lngping, nuclear scientist Huang Xuhua, and pharmaclgist Tu Yuyu.”是多个人,因此空格处用复数heres,故填heres。
⑥考查介词和固定短语。句意:这部电视剧集中讲述了这些人对事业的奉献,以及为改善中国人民的生活而不懈努力的故事。be centered n是固定短语,意为“集中于”,因此空格处是介词n,故填n。
⑦考查形容词。句意:这部电视剧讲述了这些人对事业的奉献,以及为改善中国人民的生活而不懈努力的故事。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词effrts,cntinue的形容词是cntinuus,意为“持续的”,故填cntinuus。
⑧考查不定式。句意:通过这些伟大的人所表现出的爱国主义和永不屈服的精神,这部电视剧希望能够激励年轻一代。hpe t d是固定短语,意为“希望做某事”,因此空格处用不定式t inspire,故填t inspire。
⑨考查过去分词。句意:该剧总导演郑晓龙表示,相比于大多数记录人物一生的纪录片,这部剧更关注人物最辉煌的时刻。分析句子结构可知,句中谓语是fcuses,空格处用非谓语动词形式作状语,this series和cmpare之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表被动,故填cmpared。
⑩考查副词。句意:该剧总导演郑晓龙表示,相比于大多数记录人物一生的纪录片,这部剧更关注人物最辉煌的时刻。空格处用副词修饰动词fcuses, specific的副词是specifically,意为“特意”,故填specifically。
二、
答案：①cmbinatin②latest③held④where⑤leading⑥t be wrking⑦whether⑧has caused⑨remarkably⑩as
解析：本文是说明文。文章主要讲述元宇宙是什么。
①考查名词。句意: "Metaverse",是前缀“meta”,意思是超出,和“verse” 的结合,它和宇宙有关,已经成为了最近的热词。根据句子结构和意思可知,前面有“a” 修饰,所以这里用可数名词单数。故填cmbinatin。
②考查形容词。句意:见第1题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知,后面有名词“buzzwrd”,所以这里用形容词作定语,修饰后面的名词;空格前面有“the”,所以要用形容词的最高级。故填latest。
③考查非谓语动词。句意:脸书总裁马克扎克伯格在.上个月举办的一次会议上提到这个词16次。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里用过去分词作后置定语,修饰前面的名词“meeting”,“hld” 和“a meeting”之间是被动关系,用过去分词。故填held。
④考查定语从句。句意:他说,脸书的未来是一个元宇宙,在那里,你可以实际出现去闲逛,玩游戏,工作和创造。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是非限制性定语从句,先行词是“metaverse”,在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
⑤考查形容词。句意:科技巨头想要扮演一个角色一完美的- 个主角角色。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里用形容词作定语,修饰后面的代词“ne” 。故填leading。
⑥考查固定句型。句意:据报道,苹果公司目前正在致力于研究他自己的AR设备。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是固定句型sb./sth. Be reprted t d的结构,表示“据报
道,做某事”的意思,表示“正在致力于研究”,要用动词不定式的进行式。故填t be wrking。
⑦考查宾语从句。句意:关于继续使用VR技术是否是安全的争论一直在进行。 根据句子结构和意思可知,这里介词短语“as t”后面的是宾语从句,从句“cntinual use f VR is safe”是主系表结构,基本成分完整,上下文意思需要“是否”的意思,故填whether。
⑧考查时态。句意:此外,它的目标人群在现实生活中和人们几乎没有交流,这在过去的几年里已经引起了担忧。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是定语从句“which ___(cause) cncern in the past few years”的谓语动词,因为有“in the past few years"作时间状语,所以谓语要用现在完成时,主语是前面整个主句的内容,所以助动词用单数形式。故填has caused。
⑨考查副词。句意:过去的10年已经见证了AR和VR卓越的发展。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是副词修饰动词“develp” 。故填remarkably。
⑩考查介词短语。句意:因此,元宇宙可以像预期的那样被建立。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查介词短语“as a cnsequence”表示“因此”的意思。故填as。
三、
答案：①what②t perfrm③as④dating⑤ther⑥has been passed⑦actually⑧numbers⑨better⑩sciety
解析：①考查连接代词。分析句子可知, wndered后的部分为宾语从句,从句中动词d后缺宾语,且表示"……的事物",故此处用what。该句中"if yu didn't have a calculatr r cmputer r even pencil and paper"为虚拟条件状语从句。
②考查动词不定式。use sth. t d sth.表示"用某物做某事",为固定搭配。
③考查介词。be knwn as..."作为……而出名",为固定搭配。
④考查非谓语动词。date back t...表示"追溯到……;始于……"。句子主语abacus与动词date为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作状语。
⑤考查形容词。此处是说相对于前面提到的"科技、语言、文学、艺术、建筑学"等学科领域之外的其他领域,故要用ther"其他的,另外的''来修饰后面的名词fields。
⑥考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由时间状语Fr centuries可知,谓语动词要用现在完成时;由device和pass dwn之间的逻辑关系可知,要用被动语态,故填has been passed。
⑦考查副词。副词actually修饰后面的形容词unchanged,此处意为"实际上未改变过的"。
⑧考查名词。number"数字"是可数名词,其前有plenty f修饰,故用复数形式。
⑨考查形容词比较级。由空后的比较级标志词than可知,此处用比较级。
⑩考查名词。空前的所有格tday's修饰名词,故空处应该用sciety。
四、
答案：①Chinese②using③specially④which⑤children⑥have been⑦was brn⑧T find⑨when⑩the
解析：这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了利用人脸识别系统一失踪了27年的男子与双亲重聚的故事。
①考查形容词。句意:因一个网上面部识别系统,一名从小就与父母失散的中国人找到了自己的家人。设空处修饰后面的名词man,所以应用形容词,专有名词,首字母大写。故填Chinese。
②考查非谓语动词。句意:2018年4月1日,33岁的付贵在使用“宝贝回家”——一个专门帮助人们寻找失踪亲人的网站后,与自己的亲生父母重聚。分析句子结构可知,动词use在句中作非谓语,位于介词after后,所以用动名词形式作宾语,以不发音的e结尾,去e再加ing。故填using。
③考查副词。句意:句意:2018年4月1日,33岁的付贵在使用“宝贝回家”——一个专门帮助人们寻找失踪亲人的网站后,与自己的亲生父母重聚。根据句意,提示词special修饰后面的动词used,修饰动词用副词。故填specially。
④考查非限制性定语从句。句意:该网站使用面部识别系统,将寻找失踪孩子的父母所提供的照片与试图寻找父母的人进行匹配。结合句意和句子结构,设空处指代上文的website,引导其后的定语从句,在从句中做谓语动词matches的主语,即指物作主语,逗号隔开,是非限制性定语从句,不能用that。故填which。
⑤考查名词单复数。句意:该网站使用面部识别系统,将寻找失踪孩子的父母所提供的照片与试图寻找父母的人进行匹配。child是可数名词,结合句意可知,失踪的孩子不止一个,用名词复数。故填children。
⑥考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:在中国,这是首次失踪儿童与他们的父母借助于面部识别技术重聚。根据句型It is the (that) sb has/have dne sth(这是某人第一/二…次做某事)可知,空处应用现在完成时,主语missing children and their parents是名词复数,助动词用have。故填have been。
⑦考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:据他的父亲回忆,付贵于1984年出生在中国西南的重庆市,于1990年失踪。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,出生用结构be brn,发生在1984年,应该用一般过去时态,主语Fu Gui是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故填was brn。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意:为了找到儿子,付贵的父亲把付贵的照片上传到“宝贝回家”网站,并附上了一张他小时候的照片。分析句子结构可知,动词find在句子作非谓语动词,结合句意可知,表目的,所以用动词不定式,位于句首,首字母大写。故填T find。
⑨考查连词。句意:为了找到儿子,付贵的父亲把付贵的照片上传到“宝贝回家”网站,并附上了一张他小时候的照片。根据句意可知,设空处表达“……时候”之意。故填when。
⑩考查定冠词。句意:付贵与其父母的重聚标志着中国首次将人脸识别系统成功用于寻找失踪儿童及其父母。结合句子结构可知,设空处用来限定其后的序数词first,强调顺序,所以用定冠词。故填the。
五、
答案：①safely②a③in④t cme⑤was fllwed⑥exited⑦mnths⑧invlving⑨scientific⑩which
解析：本文是一篇新闻报道。 主要讲述了神州13号飞船安全返回地球,三位宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光复分别描述了自己的感受,文章还提到他们在太空站所进行的科学和科普课堂。
[小题1]考查副词。句意:周六上午,神舟13号返回舱搭载了翟志刚、王亚平和叶光复三名中国宇航员,在完成打破纪录的六个月太空任务后安全返回地球。根据语境可知,此句意为“安全地着陆",需要用副词来修饰动词landed,故填safely.
[小题2]考查不定冠词。句意:在现场等待的医疗小组确认三名宇航员身体健康后,中国宣布神舟十三号任务圆满成功。此句意为“宣布神州13号是一个巨大的成功”, success作Shenzhu-13 missin的宾语补足语,表示泛指, cmplete success欠缺不定冠词。故填a。
[小题3]考查介词。句意:在现场等待的医疗小组确认三名宇航员身体健康后,中国宣布神舟十三号任务圆满成功。be in gd health意为“身体健康",是固定短语。故填in。
[小题4]考查不定式。句意:翟志刚,这次任务的指挥官,是第一一个走出太空舱的人,他微笑着向现场欢呼的人群挥手。当被修饰词前面有序数词时,要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填t cme.
[小题5]考查被动语态。句意:他说他感觉很好。他后面跟着王,她是进入中国空间站的第- -位中国女宇航员。根据语境可知,此句意为紧随其后的是王亚平",翟是“被跟随",所以是被动语态,时态根据上下文是过去时,且主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故填was fllwed,
[小题6]考查谓语动词的时态。句意:叶光复最后从胶囊舱里出来。根据上下文可知,此处在陈述过去的事情,所以是过去时。故填exited,
[小题7]考查名词单复数。句意:“我的第一次太空 飞行持续了6个月,这对我来说是一个挑战。 我的太空梦实现了,”他说。mnth“月"是可数名词,由six修饰用复数。故填mnths.
[小题8]考查非谓语动词。句意:在为期6个月的空间站之旅中,宇航员确定了空间站建设的关键技术,包括航天器在轨换位和机械臂重载操作。分析句子结构可知,此处为分词短语作状语,动词invlve和其逻辑主语之间是 主谓关系。故填invlving.
[小题9]考查形容词。句意:除了科学任务,宇航员还在空间站上进行了两次现场科学讲座,期间他们进行了各种实验,并回答了在地球上观看课堂的学生的问题。根据语境可知,此句意为“除了科学的任务之外”,用形容词修饰mis作定语。故填scientific。
[小题10]考查定语从句。句意:除了科学任务,宇航员还在空间站上进行了两次现场科学讲座,期间他们进行了各种实验,并回答了在地球上观看课堂的学生的问题。根据句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词lectures, 从句中作介词during的宾语,用关系代词which。 故填which
六、
答案：①have develped②cameras③perfrming④Similarly⑤are designed⑥as⑦cmbinatin⑧t gather⑨greater⑩when
解析：①考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据本句中的“Fr mre than 12,000 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时；且主语“tls”为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填have develped。
②考查名词的单复数。camera是可数名词；且根据下文中的“drnes”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填cameras。
③考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句主语“drnes”与动词perfrm为主动关系，且与上文中的“lcating”为并列结构，故应用现在分词形式。故填perfrming。
④考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，作状语。故填Similarly。注意首字母大写。
⑤考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制定语从句，修饰先行词“rbts”，句中缺少谓语动词，主语“rbts”与动词design之间为动宾关系，且此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语“rbts”为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填are designed。
⑥考查介词。此处表示这些机器人作为一个团队工作。固定搭配wrk as意为“以……身份而工作”。故填as。
⑦考查名词。分析句子成分可知，空格处应该填一个名词。故填cmbine的名词形式cmbinatin。
⑧考查非谓语动词。固定句式 make it adj. (fr sb.) t d sth.意为“（对某人来说）做某事是……”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为其后的动词不定式。故填t gather。
⑨考查形容词的比较等级。根据下文中的“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式。故填greater。
⑩考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是“a time”，表示时间意义，且从句中不缺成分，此处应用when引导该从句。故填when。
七、
答案：1. t 2. techniques 3. finding 4. a 5. develped6. accurately 7. which 8. have appeared 9. t detect 10. cnvenience
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人脸识别技术的工作原理和应用。
1. t 考查介词。是固定搭配,意为“从……到……”。故填t。
2. techniques 考查名词的单复数。technique是可数名词,且根据上文中的“tw”可知,此处应用其复数形式。故填techniques。
3. finding 考查非谓语动词。refer t是固定搭配,意为“指的是”,t为介词,其后应接动名词。故填finding。
4. a 考查冠词。此处泛指“一张人脸”,且human是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a修饰。故填a。
5. develped 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“in the late 1990s”可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填develped。
6. accurately 考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词“identify”。故填accurately。
7. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词在从句中作主语,修饰前面一整句话,应用which引导该从句。故填which。
8. have appeared 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“In the past few years”可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语“many new applicatins”为复数,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have appeared。
9. t detect 考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t detect。
10. cnvenience 考查词性转换。介词“With”后应接名词作宾语。故填cnvenience。
八、
答案：①flrs②t see③hw④having⑤given⑥which⑦are changed/will be changed⑧accuracy⑨persnal⑩an
解析：①考查名词的数的用法。此句意为“我当时正在加州大学圣地亚哥分校盖泽尔图书馆（Geisel Library）的几层楼里来回走动，试图找到一个座位，但却没有一个空位。”
②考查非谓语动词的用法。句意解析如上，句中用不定式t d表达意料之外的结果。
③考查连词的用法。此句考查宾语从句，意为“我希望我来之前知道每一层楼都有多拥挤”。
④考查非谓语动词的用法。此句意为“今年秋天，UCSD的学生可以通过Waitz应用程序监控座位，看到图书馆的哪些区域有空闲空间，而不用亲自去到图书馆。”
⑤考查非谓语动词的用法。此句意为“它利用互联网来确定一个特定空间的人数。”
⑥考查定语从句的用法。此句意为“传感器被固定在墙壁上，可以扫描蓝牙和Wi-Fi信号。”
⑦考查动词的时态和语态用法。此句意为“信号（将会）被转换成实时占用率数据，显示在监视器和移动应用程序上。”
⑧考查词性转换。此句意为“根据Halversn所说，传感器至少有90%的准确率，而且不会收集任何个人身份信息。”
⑨考查词性转换。句意解析如上，因空后是名词“infrmatin”，故填形容词形式。
⑩考查冠词的用法。此句意为“使用这个应用程序，他们可以确定自己在一个可选择空间内的最佳选择，并在去图书馆之前就知道哪里是最好的能找到座位的地方。”
九、
答案：1. have been made2. a3. grasping4. them5. steadily6. are7. Hwever8. which9. applicatin10. t be used
解析：
(1)have been made.考查动词时态及语态。句意:在过去的三十年里,中国取得了重大的科学突破。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,时间状语为Over the past 3 decades,句子用现在完成时,主语great scientific breakthrughs与make之间是被动关系,且主语为复数形式,故填have been made.
(2)a.考查冠词。句意:上周二在中国东部的安徽省举行的一个科技展上,展示了一个新开发的机器人手的好消息。结合句意可知,此处表示泛指,用不定冠词,sci-tech为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a.
(3)grasping.考查现在分词。句意:中国科技大学的研究人员开发的机器人手臂比市场上的机器人具有更高的抓握能力。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,表示"抓握能力",故用现在分词作定语,故填grasping.
(4)them.考查代词。句意:他们可以完成灵活的动作,包括拿起纸碗,软豆腐和蛋糕块,并准确地把它们放在某些地方。结合句意可知,此处代指bwls,sft tfu and cakes,故填them.
(5)steadily.考查副词。句意:通过手臂,机器人可以在判断物品的形状和大小后,稳定地抓取和放置不同的物体。分析句子可知,此处修饰动词grasp and place,副词修饰动词,故填steadily.
(6)are.考查主谓一致。句意:这种功能的进口机械臂价格昂贵,中国现有的机械臂很难进行如此复杂的运动。主语Imprted rbtic arms为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式,故填are.
(7)Hwever.考查副词。句意:然而,这种新型机械臂的价格不超过1000元,这使其具有更广泛应用的优势。结合句意可知,此处前后为转折关系,置于句首,首字母大写,故填Hwever.
(8)which.考查定语从句。句意:然而,这种新型机械臂的价格不超过1000元,这使其具有更广泛应用的优势。分析句子可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面一句话,在从句中作主语,故填which.
(9)applicatin.考查名词。句意:然而,这种新型机械臂的价格不超过1000元,这使其具有更广泛应用的优势.。分析句子可知,此处作介词fr的宾语,名词作宾语,故填applicatin.
(10)t be used.考查动词不定式及语态。句意:据陈国强介绍,这些手臂将首先固定在科大研发的家政服务机器人"科佳"上,未来有望在养老服务、物流等更多领域得到应用。be expected t d表示"期望做某事"符合句意,a hme service rbt与use之间是被动关系,故填t be used.
十、
答案：①have watched②successfully③called④Flying⑤reality⑥that/which⑦n⑧t turn⑨the⑩mre pwerful
解析：①考查动词时态。时间状语Fr decades；句意：几十年来，我们一直在看关于飞车未来的电影。由此可知：该句谓语动词应用现在完成时。故该空填have watched。
②考查副词。修饰动词cmpleted应用副词形式。故该空填successfully。
③考查过去分词。a cmpany called Klein Visin一个叫Klein Visin 的公司。此处called为过去分词作定语。故该空填called。
④考查现在分词。句意：飞行高度2500米，时速185公里，该飞车把科幻变成了现实。Fly与句子主语it之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故该空填Flying。
⑤考查名词。turn sth. int reality 把某事变成现实。故该空填reality。
⑥考查定语从句关系词。句意：AirCar是允许合法在公路上开的车，它三分钟内可以转化成飞机。指代先行词a rad-legal car 且在定语从句中作主语，用that/which。故该空填that/which。
⑦考查介词。句意：AirCar首席执行官Stefan Klein第一次试飞飞车并安全着陆。n its test flight在第一次试飞。故该空填n。
⑧考查动词不定式。he pushed ne buttn _____ (turn) the aircraft int a sprts car他按了一个按钮,把飞机变成了一辆跑车。此处t turn为动词不定式表目的。故该空填t turn。
⑨考查冠词。句意：他描述这次飞行很“正常”很“愉快”。该处特指这次飞行，故该空填the。
⑩考查形容词比较级。much 用于修饰形容词比较级。故该空填mre pwerful。