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人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 2 Travelling around精品单元测试习题
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 2 Travelling around精品单元测试习题，文件包含Unit2单元综合测试习题检测原卷版docx、Unit2单元综合测试习题检测解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。
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A
（2024·浙江杭州·期末练习）
There are tw drive-in campgrunds in Hawaii Vlcanes Natinal Park, Nāmakanipai and Kulanakuaiki.
Nämakanipai
Nämakanipai Campgrund is perated by Hawaii Vlcanes Ldge Cmpany. It is a large, pen grassy area with tall trees. This campgrund has restrms, water, picnic tables and barbeque pits. Campfires are permitted in the barbeque pits nly. Maximum stay is 7 days.
Fees:
There is a pay statin n site. Drive-in sites — $15.00 per night.
If there are mre than tw peple in yur party, yu can expand t fur peple per site with anther tent.
Weather may be cl all year rund. Daytime temperature range: 60s t 80s F. Nighttime temperature range: 30s t 50s F. We suggest that yu use a tent with a gd rainfly and bring warm clthing fr cl days and evenings. Reservatins are required.
Kulanakuaiki
Kulanakuaiki Campgrund is lcated abut five miles dwn the Hilina Pali Rad. The nine campsites at Kulanakuaiki have picnic tables and tent pads, and are available n a first cme, first served basis. There is NO WATER at this lcatin. Checkut time is 11:00 a. m. Fires are prhibited.
Fees:
$10.00 a night per site; stay limit f seven cnsecutive days.
$6.00 a night per site fr campers wh hld the Interagency Senir (Glden Age) and Glden Access passes.
Fees may be paid at the campgrund’s self-registratin statin.
Pets are nt allwed in the campgrund r anywhere n Hilina Pali Rad. Nighttime temperature range: 40s t 60s F. Daytime temperature range: 60s t 80s F. We suggest that yu use a tent with a gd rainfly and bring warm clthing fr cl days and evenings. Reservatins are required.
1．Hw is Nāmakanipai Campgrund different frm Kulanakuaiki Campgrund?
A．It ffers n water.B．It allws fire in the barbeque pits.
C．It prvides an up t seven-day stay.D．It has a narrwer range f temperature.
2．Hw much shuld yu pay if yu stay at Kulanakuaiki Campgrund fr five nights with Glden Access passes?
A．$80.B．$75.C．$50.D．$30.
3．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．A guidebk t a vlcan.B．A brchure abut campsites.
C．A survey n Hawaiian turism.D．A user’s review f campgrunds.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了夏威夷火山公园的两个免下车露营地。
1．细节理解题。根据Nämakanipai中“Campfires are permitted in the barbeque pits nly.(营火只允许在烧烤坑内被生起)”及Kulanakuaiki中“Fires are prhibited.(禁止生火)”可知，Nāmakanipai营地区别于Kulanakuaiki的不同之处是Nāmakanipai允许坑内生火，而Kulanakuaiki不允许生火。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Kulanakuaiki下面Fees中“$6.00 a night per site fr campers wh hld the Interagency Senir (Glden Age) and Glden Access passes.(持有跨机构高级（黄金时代）和黄金通道通行证的露营人员每晚6美元)”可知，如果您持黄金通道通行证在Kulankuaiki露营地住五晚，需要支付6乘以5一共三十美元。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There are tw drive-in campgrunds in Hawaii Vlcanes Natinal Park, Nāmakanipai and Kulanakuaiki.(夏威夷火山国家公园有两个免下车露营地，Nāmakanipai和kulankuaiki)”可知，本文介绍了夏威夷火山国家公园的两个免下车露营地，说明了露营要求及费用等信息，因此，本文最有可能来自一本关于露营地的小册子。故选B。
B
（2024·湖北省高中名校联盟）Orange chicken, sweet and sur prk, fried rice… Max Burns lists several typical Western-style f Chinese dishes that disappint him. Fr a 21-year-ld native British yung man wh spent his first thirteen years in China, thse cuisines are far frm authentic, but rather a categry which is invented t cater t Western preferences.
What als upsets Burns is that the view f Chinese fd has been subsequently skewed（扭曲）. Quite a few Westerners recgnize that particular type f fa re as the whle f Chinese cuisine.
“They almst have n clue abut the extent f Chinese cuisine, abut hw it varies because peple frget hw big China is. It is a cuntry that has deserts frm ne side, jungles and sea frm the ther side. Each area has its unique style f cking.” he says.
Burns tries t shwcase the richness f delicius Chinese dishes by vlgging（拍摄并上传） abut making Chinese dishes at hme. “Fd is prbably the mst accessible way fr everyne t learn an alien culture.” he says.
Smetimes, his British friends wuld jin t help. “And quite ften, they were shcked by the diversity f Chinese cuisine. They’ve had a lng time t figure ut that Chinese fd is just a lt mre cmplex.” The fd adventure has helped Burns grw int an influence r with mre than three millin f subscribers wrldwide tday. “S, I can definitely say that I’ve changed sme peple’s ideas abut Chinese fd.”
Interestingly, when Burns first started vlgging in 2016 directly after mving back t Brightn, England frm Beijing, cpying Chinese fd at hme was a then “stupid idea”, as he puts it, because he was never super int cking. At the time, the vides centered mre n explaining aspects f Chinese culture, including mvies, snacks, restaurants and mre.
Lking ahead, Burns has sme plans in mind. “I wuld lve t d a travel fd shw thrughut China n TV. Als, I wuld lve t have my. wn restaurant in the future. That’s definitely ging t happen.”
4. When did Max Burns return t Brightn, England accrding t the text?
A. Aged 13. B. Aged 14. C. Aged 16. D. Aged 21.
5. Hw des Max Burns change peple’s wrng attitude t the Chinese cuisines?
A. Treat them t Chinese dishes. B. Write reprts n Chinese cuisines.
C. Ck Chinese dishes fr them in persn. D. Display authentic Chinese cuisines n.
6. What is paragraph 5 f the text mainly abut?
A. Burns’s ambitins. B. Burns’s achievements.
C. Burns’s adventures. D. Burns’s subscribers.
7. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Influencer Develps a Taste fr Chinese Cuisine.
B. Influencer Has Dne What He Cnn t Change.
C. Chinese Cuisines Have t Cater t Westerners.
D. Chinese Cuisines Have Been Arund the Wrld.
【B篇大意】本文为记叙文。主题为“人与社会”。本文讲述一些中国菜肴为了迎合西方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇感沮丧，于是他通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做中国菜的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。武汉乐学教育
4. B 【解析】细节理解题。由第一段第二句 Fr a 21-year-ld native British yung man wh spent his first thirteen years in China…和第六段第一句Interestingly, when Burns first started vlgging in 2016 directly after mving back t Brightn, England frm Beijing…可知答案为 B. Aged 14.
5. D 【解析】推理判断题。由第四段第一句 Burns tries t shwcase the richness f delicius Chinese dishes by vlgging（拍摄并上传） abut making Chinese dishes at hme以及第五段内容可推知答案为 D. Display authentic Chinese cuisines nline.
6. B【解析】大意总结题。由第五段，尤其是第五段最后一句“S, I can definitely say that I’ve changed sme peple’s ideas abut Chinese fd.”可知答案为 B. Burns’s achievements。
7. A 【解析】标题归纳题。一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做中国菜的丰富美味迅速走红，并由此快速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。故答案为 A. Influence r Develps a Taste fr Chinese Cuisine.“网红提升了（众人）对中国菜肴的鉴赏力”。干扰项为 B. Influence r Has Dne What He Can t Change.“为了改变，网红做了他能做的一切”，这个句子作为标题扩大了外延，“为了改变”，改变什么？它丝毫没有提到文中的关键词“中国菜肴”。
C
（2024·山西省省际名校联考）Humans spend apprximately ne-third f their lives sleeping, which means that by the time yu reach 15 years ld, yu will have slept fr abut 5 years! Hwever, the questin remains: why d we d it? Sleep has lng been a puzzle fr peple, leading scientists t explre its mysteries. They have fund that during sleep, ur brains and bdies d nt simply shut dwn; instead, cmplex prcesses unfld.
What causes sleepiness? It’s caused by ur bilgical clck releasing a special chemical signal at the same time daily, signaling it’’s time t wind dwn. The feeling f heaviness cmes frm the buildup f ld nerve messenger chemicals. When the message gets t much, the brain senses that it’s time t sleep. During sleep, the bdy breaks dwn and clears away these ld messengers, preparing fr a fresh start.
As yu slip int sleep, yur heart and breathing slw dwn, and yur brain ignres the mst sunds and surrundings arund yu. Despite appearances, yur brain remains active during sleep, perfrming essential tasks. Thrughut the night, yu cycle thrugh light, deep, and REM (rapid eye mvement) sleep stages every 90 minutes. Early n, slw-wave sleep is the primary stage, aiding in brain cleaning, while twards mrning,REM sleep increases, leading t vivid dreams. During sleep, yur bdy repairs and grws, creating new skin, muscle, and ther tissues with released chemicals. It’s als a time fr hrmne (荷尔蒙) prductin, aiding grwth, and bsting the immune (免疫) system t fight infectins.
Scientists still have many questins abut sleep, such as why sme peple need mre sleep than thers and hw certain animals can functin with less sleep. They aim t find ways t imprve sleep quality. Hwever, ne thing is clear: getting enugh sleep is vital fr health and intelligence. Think f sleep as a free magic ptin that strengthens yu, aids grwth, bsts immunity, and enhances intelligence, happiness, and creativity. Simply lie dwn and rest t enjy these benefits.
8. What inference can be drawn frm scientists’ findings abut sleep?
A. Sleep serves n purpse.B. Sleep has fundamental prcesses.
C. Sleep invlves cmplex prcesses.D. Sleep has minimal impact n brain functin.
9. What is the primary functin f the bdy’s “bilgical clck“?
A. Determining the best time fr sleep.
B. Cntrlling chemicals within the bdy.
C. Managing eating and digestin patterns.
D. Regulating daytime and nighttime activities.
10. What is the main fcus f the third paragraph?
A. Describing the different stages and functins f sleep.
B. Discussing the benefits f daytime activities fr verall health.
C. Explring the effects f inadequate sleep n the bdy and mind.
D. Analyzing the impact f stress n the immune system during sleep.
11. Which f the fllwing best describes the structure f the passage?
A. Narrative f persnal sleep experiences.
B. Cmparisn f human and animal sleep patterns.
C. Imaginary stries illustrating the advantages f sleep.
D. Explanatin f sleep imprtance, with bdy prcesses described.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了睡眠的重要性并对睡眠过程进行了描述。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“They have fund that during sleep, ur brains and bdies d nt simply shut dwn; instead, cmplex prcesses unfld.(他们发现，在睡眠期间，我们的大脑和身体并不是简单地停止工作；相反，复杂的过程展开了)”可推知，从科学家关于睡眠的发现中可以得出睡眠涉及复杂的过程。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’s caused by ur bilgical clck releasing a special chemical signal at the same time daily, signaling it’s time t wind dwn. The feeling f heaviness cmes frm the buildup f ld nerve messenger chemicals. When the message gets t much, the brain senses that it’s time t sleep.(它是由我们的生物钟每天在同一时间释放一种特殊的化学信号引起的，表明是时候放松了。这种沉重的感觉来自于旧的神经信使化学物质的积累。当信息太多时，大脑就会觉得是时候睡觉了)”可知，生物钟的主要功能是确定最佳睡眠时间。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“As yu slip int sleep, yur heart and breathing slw dwn, and yur brain ignres the mst sunds and surrundings arund yu. Despite appearances, yur brain remains active during sleep, perfrming essential tasks. Thrughut the night, yu cycle thrugh light, deep, and REM(rapid eye mvement) sleep stages every 90 minutes. Early n, slw-wave sleep is the primary stage, aiding in brain cleaning, while twards mrning, REM sleep increases, leading t vivid dreams. During sleep, yur bdy repairs and grws, creating new skin, muscle, and ther tissues with released chemicals. It’s als a time fr hrmne (荷尔蒙) prductin, aiding grwth, and bsting the immune (免疫) system t fight infectins.(当你进入睡眠时，你的心脏和呼吸都会减慢，你的大脑会忽略你周围的大多数声音和环境。尽管表面上看，你的大脑在睡眠时仍然保持活跃，执行重要的任务。整个晚上，你每90分钟就会经历浅睡眠、深度睡眠和快速眼动睡眠阶段。早期，慢波睡眠是初级阶段，有助于大脑清洁，而到了早晨，快速眼动睡眠增加，导致生动的梦。在睡眠期间，你的身体修复和生长，产生新的皮肤、肌肉和其他组织，释放出化学物质。这也是荷尔蒙分泌、促进生长、增强免疫系统对抗感染的时候)”可知，第三段主要描述了睡眠的不同阶段和功能。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hwever, the questin remains: why d we d it?(然而，问题仍然存在：我们为什么要这样做？)”和文章第二段“What causes sleepiness?(什么引起了睡眠？)”可推知，文章解释了睡眠的重要性并对睡眠过程进行了描述。故选D。
D
（2024·新局中创新联盟TOP二十名校）Scre anther ne fr artificial intelligence(AI). In a recent study, 151 human participants cmpeted against ChatGPT-4 in three tests designed t measure divergent（发散的） thinking, which is cnsidered t be an indicatr f creative thught.
In the study published in Scientific Reprts and authred by Ph. D. students Kent F. Hubert and Kim N. Awa frm the University f Arkansas, GPT-4 prvided mre riginal and detailed answers than the human participants.
The three tests emplyed were the Alternative Use Task, which asks participants t cme up with creative uses fr everyday bjects like a rpe r a frk; the Cnsequences Task, which invites participants t imagine pssible utcmes f hypthetical（假设的） situatins, like "What if humans n lnger needed sleep?"; and the Divergent Assciatins Task, which asks participants t generate 10 nuns that are as semantically（语义地） distant as pssible.
Answers were evaluated in terms f the number f respnses, length f respnse and semantic difference between wrds. Ultimately, the researchers fund that verall, GPT-4 was mre riginal and detailed than humans n each f the divergent thinking tasks. In ther wrds, GPT-4 demnstrated higher creative ptential in tasks requiring divergent thinking.
This finding des cme with sme warnings. The researchers state, "It is imprtant t nte that the measures used in this study are all measures f creative ptential, but the invlvement in creative activities r achievements is anther aspect f measuring a persn's creativity." The purpse f the study was t examine human-level creative ptential, nt necessarily peple wh may have established creative certificatins.
Whether the tests are perfect measures f human creative ptential is nt really the pint. The pint is that large language mdels are rapidly prgressing and utperfrming humans in ways they have nt befre. Whether they are a threat t replace human creativity remains t be seen. Fr nw, the researchers cntinue t see "Mving frward, future pssibilities f AI acting as a tl f inspiratin and an aid in a persn's creative prcess are prmising".
12. What can be learned abut creative thught?
A. It is related t divergent thinking. B. It is badly needed in ChatGPT-4.
C. It is generated thrugh standardized tests. D. It is smething nly humans have.
13. Which f the fllwing is an Alternative Use Task?
A. What are all the things yu can think f that are blue?
B. List all the wrds yu can assciate with the term "water".
C. Name as many uses fr a she ther than wearing it n yur ft.
D. What wuld happen if all the trees in the wrld suddenly disappeared?
14. Why did the researchers cnduct the study?
A. T prmte the develpment f languages.
B. T assess the creative ptential f humans.
C. T present creative certificatins t its participants.
D. T understand the machine-level creative ptential.
15. What is the researchers' attitude twards AI helping peple in creative prcess?
A. Uncaring. B. Unclear. C. Optimistic. D. Dubtful.
【答案】
12. A 细节理解题。根据第一段“In a recent study... t measure divergent（发散的） thinking, which is cnsidered t be an indicatr f creative thught.”可知，创造性思维与发散性思维相关。
13. C 推理判断题。根据第三段“The three tests emplyed were the Alternative Use Task, which asks participants t cme up with creative uses fr everyday bjects like a rpe r a frk;”可推断，“说出鞋子除了可以穿在脚上，还有哪些其他的用途”属于该类任务。
14. B 细节理解题。根据第五段“The purpse f the study was t examine human-level creative ptential, nt necessarily peple wh may have established creative certificatins.”可知，研究的目的是评估人类的创造潜力。
15. C 观点态度题。根据最后一段“Fr nw, the researchers cntinue t see 'Mving frward, future pssibilities f AI acting as a tl f inspiratin and an aid in a persn's creative prcess are prmising'.”可推断，研究者对于人工智能在创造的过程中帮助人类持“乐观的”态度。
二、七选五
（2024·河南省三门峡部分名校）
Sick Absence E-mail t Prfessr
Students ften have t miss their classes due t many reasns. ____16____ If yu want t write a perfect e-mail t yur prfessr, make sure that yu dn’t miss ut n reading the fllwing tips.
Dn’t write t lng e-mail. Yur e-mail shuld nt include lengthy details regarding yur illness. Befre yu write this letter, assume that the prfessr desn’t have much time t read lng e-mails. ____17____ Yu shuld learn the art f writing a small e-mail and cnveying the whle message. If yu cannt d this, get help frm a sample e-mail.
____18____ When yu knw that giving t much explanatin can make yur prfessr feel that yu are trying t escape frm the situatin, dn’t d that. Simply state the reasn fr being absent and mve n.
Admit yur mistake. Even if yu have a genuine reasn fr nt attending the lecture, yu shuld be aplgetic fr nt shwing up. ____19____
Give evidence. It is a well-knwn fact that whenever yu want t use yur sickness as a reasn, yu will be required t prvide a medical certificate. ____20____
Sample e-mail:
T: …
Subject: Sick absence e-mail fr...
Respected sir/madam.
This e-mail is being written t yu t let yu knw that I was unable t attend classes due t illness. My absence perid was f ne week starting frm 5th Oct. 2023 t 12 Oct. 2023.
With warm regards,
Signatures
A. Dn’t give excuses.
B. Send yur e-mail in advance.
C. Dn’t frget t attach a medical certificate with the e-mail.
D. In additin t it, the e-mail shuld nt nly be shrt but als cmplete.
E. Make yur prfessr feel that yu are regretful and that yu never want t d that.
F. S, they shuld cmmunicate with their prfessr t infrm him/her abut the reasn.
G. This e-mail is als a cmmunicating mde that quickly sends the message f the student.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了写病假条的几个小建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Students ften have t miss their classes due t many reasns.(由于许多原因，学生经常不得不缺课)”以及后文“If yu want t write a perfect e-mail t yur prfessr, make sure that yu dn’t miss ut n reading the fllwing tips.(如果你想给你的教授写一封完美的电子邮件，确保你没有错过下面的建议)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出请假的问题。故F选项“因此，他们应该与教授沟通，告诉他/她原因”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Befre yu write this letter, assume that the prfessr desn’t have much time t read lng e-mails.(在你写这封信之前，假设教授没有太多时间阅读冗长的电子邮件)”以及后文“Yu shuld learn the art f writing a small e-mail and cnveying the whle message.(你应该学习写一封简短的电子邮件并传达整个信息的艺术)”可知，上文提到教授没有时间阅读冗长的电子邮件，可知电子邮件应该简短。故D选项“除此之外，电子邮件不仅要简短而且要完整”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文“When yu knw that giving t much explanatin can make yur prfessr feel that yu are trying t escape frm the situatin, dn’t d that. Simply state the reasn fr being absent and mve n.(当你知道做太多的解释会让教授觉得你在试图逃避这种情况时，不要这样做。简单地说明缺席的原因，然后继续前进)”可知，本段讲的是不要让你的教授觉得你在试图逃避问题，故A选项“不要找借口”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Admit yur mistake. Even if yu have a genuine reasn fr nt attending the lecture, yu shuld be aplgetic fr nt shwing up.(承认你的错误。即使你有真正的理由不参加讲座，你也应该为没有出席而道歉)”可知，本句主要说明为自己的缺席而道歉。故E选项“让你的教授觉得你很后悔，你从来不想那样做”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Give evidence. It is a well-knwn fact that whenever yu want t use yur sickness as a reasn, yu will be required t prvide a medical certificate.(提供证据。众所周知，当你想以生病为理由时，你将被要求提供一份医疗证明)”可知，本句主要嘱咐不要忘记在邮件里附上医疗证明。故C选项“别忘了在邮件里附上医疗证明”符合语境，故选C。
三、完形填空
（2024·河南省商丘市部分名校）In 2012, Laura Eshelman man was in the middle f a mental unsettlement. She was having ____21____ in finding wrk. “I was leaving a dwntwn business where I had anther jb applicatin ____22____. I was feeling pretty ____23____ and decided t g t the Whle Fds acrss the street,” Eshelman recalled.
As she crssed the street, Eshelman ____24____ a man asking fr mney n the crner. But he was ____25____ by passersby. As Eshelman ____26____, he turned t her, and asked if he culd have a little bit f mney. She was ____27____ and said: “Leave me alne. I dn’t have anything t give yu. Get away!”
Eshelman ____28____ int the grcery stre. But suddenly she realized hw ____29____ she had been t the man. Eshelman rushed utside t find him. She aplgized and ____30____ sme cins frm the bttm f her ____31____.
As she ____32____ him the change, the man said, “It’s OK. Everything ____33____ will disappear.” And all f a sudden, she felt like smebdy was seeing her ____34____, and she started t cry.
“That mment n the street was ne f the few ____35____ in that extremely dark perid f my life,” Eshelman later said.
21. A. funB. trubleC. experienceD. luck
22. A. rejectedB. submittedC. displayedD. fllwed
23. A. relaxedB. awkwardC. nervusD. depressed
24. A. rememberedB. guidedC. spttedD. cmfrted
25. A. ignredB. tuchedC. rewardedD. cheated
26. A. hesitatedB. waitedC. escapedD. apprached
27. A. activeB. impatientC. anxiusD. desperate
28. A. slidB. struggledC. gtD. lked
29. A. helpfulB. rudeC. strictD. particular
30. A. set asideB. put awayC. dug utD. used up
31. A. heartB. pcketC. streD. drawer
32. A. handedB. lentC. returnedD. awarded
33. A. dangerusB. nrmalC. unpracticalD. unpleasant
34. A. painB. chiceC. effrtD. privilege
35. A. instantsB. chancesC. differencesD. flashes
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D
【导语】本文是记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了Laura Eshelman在经历了一段精神困扰和求职困难后，在街头偶遇一个乞讨者并与其发生互动，最终从对方的话中得到慰藉的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她找工作遇到了困难。A. fun乐趣；B. truble麻烦；C. experience经验；D. luck好运。根据前文“In 2012, Laura Eshelman man was in the middle f a mental unsettlement.”可知，Laura精神不安，所以应是找工作遇到了困难。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要离开一家市中心的公司，在那里我又被拒绝了一份工作。A. rejected拒绝；B. submitted提交；C. displayed显示；D. fllwed跟随。根据前文“She was having 1 in finding wrk.”可知，Laura找工作遇到了困难，所以是工作申请被拒绝了。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常沮丧，于是决定去街对面的全食超市。A. relaxed轻松的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. nervus紧张的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据前文“I was leaving a dwntwn business where I had anther jb applicatin 2 .”可知，作者又一次被拒绝了工作申请，所以是感到沮丧的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她穿过街道时，Eshelman看到一个男人在街角要钱。A. remembered记得；B. guided指导；C. sptted看见；D. cmfrted安慰。根据后文“a man asking tr mney n the crner”结合选项可知，应是看到一个男人在街角要钱。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但没有路人理睬他。A. ignred忽视；B. tuched感动；C. rewarded奖励；D. cheated作弊。根据前文“a man asking tr mney n the crner”以及but表转折可知，应是没人理他，符合语境。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Eshelman走近她时，他转向她，轻声问她能不能给他一点钱。A. hesitated犹豫；B. waited等待；C. escaped逃跑；D. apprached接近。根据后文“he turned t her, and asked if he culd have a little bit f mney”可知，应是Eshelman走近她时，他向Eshelman乞讨。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不耐烦地说：“别烦我。我没有东西给你。走开！”A. active积极的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. anxius焦虑的；D. desperate不惜冒险的。根据后文“Leave me alne. I dn’t have anything t give yu. Get away!”可知，Eshelman是不耐烦的。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eshelman走进杂货店。A. slid滑行；B. struggled努力；C. gt进入；D. lked看。根据后文“Eshelman rushed utside t find him.”可知，Eshelman冲了出来，所以此处应是走进杂货店。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她突然意识到自己对那个男人是多么粗鲁。A. helpful有帮助的；B. rude粗鲁的；C. strict严格的；D. particular特别的。根据前文“Leave me alne. I dn’t have anything t give yu. Get away!”可知，Eshelman对男人的很粗鲁。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。她道了歉，然后从口袋底部掏出一些硬币。A. set aside放在一边；B. put away收起；C. dug ut翻出；D. used up耗尽。根据后文“sme cins”结合选项可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. heart心脏；B. pcket口袋；C. stre商店；D. drawer抽屉。根据前文“She aplgized and 10 sme cins”结合实际可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她把零钱递给他时，那人说：“没关系。一切不愉快的事情都会消失。”A. handed递；B. lent借给；C. returned返回；D. awarded授予。根据上文“She aplgized and 10 sme cins frm the bttm f her 11 .”可知，Eshelman掏出一些硬币应是给这个男人，表达歉意。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她把零钱递给他时，那人说：“没关系。一切不愉快的事情都会消失。”A. dangerus危险的；B. nrmal正常的；C. unpractical不切实际的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据前文内容可知，Eshelman找工作不顺利，日子过得不愉快，然后当这个男人向她乞讨时，她态度粗鲁，也会让这个男人不愉快，所以此处应是表达“一切不愉快的事情都会消失”之意。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，她觉得有人看到了她的痛苦，于是她哭了起来。A. pain痛苦；B. chice选择；C. effrt努力；D. privilege特权。根据前文“It’s OK. Everything 13 will disappear.”可知，男人说一切不愉快的事情都会消失，这句活说到了Eshelman的痛处，她因为找工作的事，过得不愉快，感觉有人看到了她的痛苦。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在街上的那一刻是我生命中极其黑暗的时期中为数不多的闪光之一，”Eshelman后来说。A. instants瞬间；B. chances机会；C. differences不同；D. flashes光芒。根据前文“she felt like smebdy was seeing her 14 , and she started t cry.”以及后文“in that extremely dark perid f my life”可知，有人理解了她的痛苦，应是她生命中极其黑暗的时期中为数不多的闪光之一。故选D项。
语法填空
（2024·河北省邢台市邢台市名校联盟）阅读短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese ancient architecture is a treasure f cultural heritage, reflecting China’s rich histry and unique cultural identity. With a histry ____36____ (date) back thusands f years, it has evlved and diversified t becme ne f the mst distinctive styles in the wrld.
Chinese ancient architecture is characterized by its use f natural materials such as wd, brick, and stne, in cnjunctin with fancy carvings and decrative details. Bridges, tmbs, temples, and twers are sme f the key ____37____ (feature) f Chinese ancient architecture ____38____ have std the test f time.
One f the mst icnic examples f Chinese ancient architecture is the Frbidden City in Beijing. Cnstructin f the Frbidden City began in 1406 and tk ver a decade ____39____ (cmplete). It served ____40____ the ryal palace f the Ming and Qing dynasties and is nw a ppular turist attractin. The Frbidden City is knwn fr the harmny f its design.
In suthern China, the rice terraces (梯田) are ____41____ unique example f Chinese ancient architecture. ____42____ (carve) ut f the muntains ver centuries, these terraces prvide a cmplex system fr irrigatin and cultivatin. The rice terraces are nt nly a crucial part f Chinese agricultural histry but als a masterpiece f engineering and gemetry.
Chinese ancient architecture has had a prfund influence n the ____43____ (glbe) architecture, and many element s and designs ____44____ (adpt) and adapted in different parts f the wrld ever since. Tday, Chinese rich architectural heritage gains _____45_____ (recgnize) wrldwide, becming a reminder f China’s rich cultural histry.
【答案】36. dating 37. features 38. that/which 39. t cmplete 40. as 41. a
42. Carved 43. glbal 44. have been adpted 45. recgnitin
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古建筑的历史和重要价值。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它的历史可以追溯到几千年前，它已经发展和多样化，成为世界上最独特的风格之一。此处date与histry为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填dating。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：桥、墓、庙和塔是中国古代建筑的一些重要特征，它们经受住了时间的考验。feature为可数名词，根据上文sme f可知为复数。故填features。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：桥、墓、庙和塔是中国古代建筑的一些重要特征，它们经受住了时间的考验。定语从句修饰先行词Bridges, tmbs, temples, and twers，在从句作主语，指物。故填that/which。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：紫禁城始建于1406年，历时十多年才建成。短语take+一段时间+t d表示“花费时间……”。故填t cmplete。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：它曾是明清两朝的皇宫，现在是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。短语serve as表示“作为”。故填as。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在中国南方，梯田是中国古代建筑的独特范例。此处example为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：经过几个世纪的雕刻，这些梯田为灌溉和种植提供了一个复杂的系统。此处carve与terraces构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Carved。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国古代建筑对全球建筑产生了深远的影响，许多元素和设计被世界各地采用和改编。修饰名词architecture应用形容词glbal，作定语。故填glbal。
【44题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：中国古代建筑对全球建筑产生了深远的影响，许多元素和设计被世界各地采用和改编。主语many element s and designs 与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文ever since可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been adpted。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：今天，中国丰富的建筑遗产得到了全世界的认可，成为中国丰富文化历史的一个提醒。作动词的宾语，用名词recgnitin，不可数。故填recgnitin。
五、应用文写作
46．（2024·三湘名校教育联盟）假定你是李华，是学校英语社( English Assciatin) 的社长，开学之初，英语社准备招募新社员，请写一则通知。内容包括：
1.社团招新的要求；
2.报名时间和地点。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：applicatin frm申请表
Ntice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
English Assciatin
September 12th, 2023
【答案】
Ntice
English Assciatin was funded tw years ag with the aim f imprving students’ English level and helping thse wh cannt speak English fluently.
If yu are much interested in English learning, yu are expected t jin ur club where yu can enrich yur vcabulary and practise yur ral English as well. Anyne wh desires t master English well can cme t ur club but yu must bey the rules, especially arrive n schedule when activities are held.
My dear fellws, jin ur club and yu will enjy the beauty f English. By the way, please hand in yur applicatin frm befre this Friday in Rm 302 f the teaching building.
English Assciatin
September12th, 2023
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校英语社准备招募新社员，要求考生以社长的名义写一则通知。
【详解】1.词汇积累
成立：fund → establish/set up
帮助：help → assist/aid
英语口语：ral English → spken English
提交：hand in → submit
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：By the way, please hand in yur applicatin frm befre this Friday in Rm 302 f the teaching building.
拓展句：By the way, yu are suppsed t submit yur applicatin frm befre this Friday in Rm 302 f the teaching building.
【点睛】[高分句型1] If yu are much interested in English learning, yu are expected t jin ur club where yu can enrich yur vcabulary and practise yur ral English as well.(运用了从属连词if引导条件状语从句和关系副词where引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Anyne wh desires t master English well can cme t ur club but yu must bey the rules, especially arrive n schedule when activities are held. (运用了关系代词wh引导限制性定语从句)
六、读后续写
47．（2024·龙西北高中名校联盟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jan excitedly packed her bags fr her upcming trip with her family. They were ging t drive frm New Yrk t Virginia t visit relatives. She culd nt wait. She had missed playing with her cusins and talking t her aunt and uncle.
After all f the suitcases had been laded int the car, Jan’s dad lked t Jan and her mther. “Is everyne ready fr ur rad trip?” They bth grinned (露齿而笑) and ndded.
It was ging t be quite a lng jurney, and within a cuple f hurs Jan had already begun t feel tired. She began t nd ff when she nticed that the car began t veer (突然变向) t the side f the rad.
Jan’s father gt ut and walked arund the car. He scratched his head, lking cnfused. Then, he gave a great sigh. He pked his head thrugh the passenger side windw. “We have a flat tire,” he said t Jan’s mm.
“Use the spare tire in the trunk. Then we can replace it when we reach Virginia,” she suggested. Jan’s father lked dwn at his feet sheepishly (羞怯地). “I ... haven’t had the spare tire replaced since the last time we had a flat.”
Her mther seemed frustrated (沮丧), but tried t remain psitive. “Maybe we can call a service,” she suggested.
But a quick glance at their cellphnes tld them that there was n receptin in the area. Jan lked at her mther in the frnt seat, and her father still staring blankly (茫然地) at the flat tire utside. Bth f them lked cncerned.
Jan began t get wrried. N ther cars had passed by in a while and it seemed like they were far away frm a twn center.
Jan lked ut the windw, wndering if they wuld have t sleep in the car r if there was any way they culd pssibly find smene t help them. Wuld they ever make their way t Virginia? Her relatives wuld surely be wrried abut them.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150词左右;
2. 请按如下格式相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: When Jan lked ut the windw, she saw a car appraching.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2: Jan saw cluds in the sky and it began t rain.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】
When Jan lked ut the windw, she saw a car appraching. She waved t the driver and shuted ludly. Frtunately, the car stpped, and an ld lady gt ut f the car. She said, “What’s ging n, dear?” Jan explained the whle accident in detail. The lady said, “I will g hme and ask my husband t help yu. He is gd at fixing cars.” Jan lked at the lady in disbelief, nt believing her husband wuld cme. Hwever, she had n chice. Finally, she watched the ld lady’s car slwly disappear at the end f the rad.
Jan saw cluds in the sky, and it began t rain. The nly thing they culd d was t stay in the car. The sky was getting darker, but n ne came. Jan was wrried. Suddenly, ne small shining light ppped up, and a man appeared. He said, “I’m here t help yu.” “He is the ld lady’s husband,” Jan cried, nt believing what she saw. He didn’t have t ffer help, but he vlunteered t cme anyway. He quickly replaced the tire, and the car started again. The family thanked the man and went t their relatives’ huse. Whenever Jan recalls this experience, she always feels warm and thankful.
【导语】本文以事情发展为线索展开，讲述了Jan兴高采烈地准备和家人一起开始即将到来的旅行。他们正从纽约开车去弗吉尼亚，去看望他们的远亲。然而，在路上，他们的车胎漏气了。他们迷茫地看着彼此，既没有备用轮胎，手机也没有信号，无法向别人求助，更糟糕的是，附近也没有车经过，不知道如何是好。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当Jan向窗外看时，她看到一辆汽车向她驶来。”可知，第一段可描写Jan向开车的人求助，车主答应帮助他们。
②由第二段首句内容“Jan看到天空中有云，开始下雨了。”可知，第二段可描写他们等了很长时间，看到了远处的车灯。老太太的丈夫来帮助他们了！他很快换好轮胎，汽车又发动了，他们满怀感激和期待地再次踏上旅途。
2. 续写线索：有车经过——求助——等待——得到帮助——感激——再次出发
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①大喊：shut/exclaim/yell
②说明：explain/clarify/illustrate
③相信：believe/trust
④提供：ffer/prvide
情绪类
①担忧的：wrried/apprehensive/disturbed
②感激的：thankful/grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]The nly thing they culd d was t stay in the car.(省略that的定语从句)
[高分句型2]“He is the ld lady’s husband,” Jan cried, nt believing what she saw.(what引导的宾语从句)
阅读理解
A
（2024·浙江杭州·期末练习）
There are tw drive-in campgrunds in Hawaii Vlcanes Natinal Park, Nāmakanipai and Kulanakuaiki.
Nämakanipai
Nämakanipai Campgrund is perated by Hawaii Vlcanes Ldge Cmpany. It is a large, pen grassy area with tall trees. This campgrund has restrms, water, picnic tables and barbeque pits. Campfires are permitted in the barbeque pits nly. Maximum stay is 7 days.
Fees:
There is a pay statin n site. Drive-in sites — $15.00 per night.
If there are mre than tw peple in yur party, yu can expand t fur peple per site with anther tent.
Weather may be cl all year rund. Daytime temperature range: 60s t 80s F. Nighttime temperature range: 30s t 50s F. We suggest that yu use a tent with a gd rainfly and bring warm clthing fr cl days and evenings. Reservatins are required.
Kulanakuaiki
Kulanakuaiki Campgrund is lcated abut five miles dwn the Hilina Pali Rad. The nine campsites at Kulanakuaiki have picnic tables and tent pads, and are available n a first cme, first served basis. There is NO WATER at this lcatin. Checkut time is 11:00 a. m. Fires are prhibited.
Fees:
$10.00 a night per site; stay limit f seven cnsecutive days.
$6.00 a night per site fr campers wh hld the Interagency Senir (Glden Age) and Glden Access passes.
Fees may be paid at the campgrund’s self-registratin statin.
Pets are nt allwed in the campgrund r anywhere n Hilina Pali Rad. Nighttime temperature range: 40s t 60s F. Daytime temperature range: 60s t 80s F. We suggest that yu use a tent with a gd rainfly and bring warm clthing fr cl days and evenings. Reservatins are required.
1．Hw is Nāmakanipai Campgrund different frm Kulanakuaiki Campgrund?
A．It ffers n water.B．It allws fire in the barbeque pits.
C．It prvides an up t seven-day stay.D．It has a narrwer range f temperature.
2．Hw much shuld yu pay if yu stay at Kulanakuaiki Campgrund fr five nights with Glden Access passes?
A．$80.B．$75.C．$50.D．$30.
3．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．A guidebk t a vlcan.B．A brchure abut campsites.
C．A survey n Hawaiian turism.D．A user’s review f campgrunds.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了夏威夷火山公园的两个免下车露营地。
1．细节理解题。根据Nämakanipai中“Campfires are permitted in the barbeque pits nly.(营火只允许在烧烤坑内被生起)”及Kulanakuaiki中“Fires are prhibited.(禁止生火)”可知，Nāmakanipai营地区别于Kulanakuaiki的不同之处是Nāmakanipai允许坑内生火，而Kulanakuaiki不允许生火。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Kulanakuaiki下面Fees中“$6.00 a night per site fr campers wh hld the Interagency Senir (Glden Age) and Glden Access passes.(持有跨机构高级（黄金时代）和黄金通道通行证的露营人员每晚6美元)”可知，如果您持黄金通道通行证在Kulankuaiki露营地住五晚，需要支付6乘以5一共三十美元。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There are tw drive-in campgrunds in Hawaii Vlcanes Natinal Park, Nāmakanipai and Kulanakuaiki.(夏威夷火山国家公园有两个免下车露营地，Nāmakanipai和kulankuaiki)”可知，本文介绍了夏威夷火山国家公园的两个免下车露营地，说明了露营要求及费用等信息，因此，本文最有可能来自一本关于露营地的小册子。故选B。
B
（2024·湖北省高中名校联盟）Orange chicken, sweet and sur prk, fried rice… Max Burns lists several typical Western-style f Chinese dishes that disappint him. Fr a 21-year-ld native British yung man wh spent his first thirteen years in China, thse cuisines are far frm authentic, but rather a categry which is invented t cater t Western preferences.
What als upsets Burns is that the view f Chinese fd has been subsequently skewed（扭曲）. Quite a few Westerners recgnize that particular type f fa re as the whle f Chinese cuisine.
“They almst have n clue abut the extent f Chinese cuisine, abut hw it varies because peple frget hw big China is. It is a cuntry that has deserts frm ne side, jungles and sea frm the ther side. Each area has its unique style f cking.” he says.
Burns tries t shwcase the richness f delicius Chinese dishes by vlgging（拍摄并上传） abut making Chinese dishes at hme. “Fd is prbably the mst accessible way fr everyne t learn an alien culture.” he says.
Smetimes, his British friends wuld jin t help. “And quite ften, they were shcked by the diversity f Chinese cuisine. They’ve had a lng time t figure ut that Chinese fd is just a lt mre cmplex.” The fd adventure has helped Burns grw int an influence r with mre than three millin f subscribers wrldwide tday. “S, I can definitely say that I’ve changed sme peple’s ideas abut Chinese fd.”
Interestingly, when Burns first started vlgging in 2016 directly after mving back t Brightn, England frm Beijing, cpying Chinese fd at hme was a then “stupid idea”, as he puts it, because he was never super int cking. At the time, the vides centered mre n explaining aspects f Chinese culture, including mvies, snacks, restaurants and mre.
Lking ahead, Burns has sme plans in mind. “I wuld lve t d a travel fd shw thrughut China n TV. Als, I wuld lve t have my. wn restaurant in the future. That’s definitely ging t happen.”
4. When did Max Burns return t Brightn, England accrding t the text?
A. Aged 13. B. Aged 14. C. Aged 16. D. Aged 21.
5. Hw des Max Burns change peple’s wrng attitude t the Chinese cuisines?
A. Treat them t Chinese dishes. B. Write reprts n Chinese cuisines.
C. Ck Chinese dishes fr them in persn. D. Display authentic Chinese cuisines n.
6. What is paragraph 5 f the text mainly abut?
A. Burns’s ambitins. B. Burns’s achievements.
C. Burns’s adventures. D. Burns’s subscribers.
7. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Influencer Develps a Taste fr Chinese Cuisine.
B. Influencer Has Dne What He Cnn t Change.
C. Chinese Cuisines Have t Cater t Westerners.
D. Chinese Cuisines Have Been Arund the Wrld.
【B篇大意】本文为记叙文。主题为“人与社会”。本文讲述一些中国菜肴为了迎合西方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇感沮丧，于是他通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做中国菜的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。武汉乐学教育
4. B 【解析】细节理解题。由第一段第二句 Fr a 21-year-ld native British yung man wh spent his first thirteen years in China…和第六段第一句Interestingly, when Burns first started vlgging in 2016 directly after mving back t Brightn, England frm Beijing…可知答案为 B. Aged 14.
5. D 【解析】推理判断题。由第四段第一句 Burns tries t shwcase the richness f delicius Chinese dishes by vlgging（拍摄并上传） abut making Chinese dishes at hme以及第五段内容可推知答案为 D. Display authentic Chinese cuisines nline.
6. B【解析】大意总结题。由第五段，尤其是第五段最后一句“S, I can definitely say that I’ve changed sme peple’s ideas abut Chinese fd.”可知答案为 B. Burns’s achievements。
7. A 【解析】标题归纳题。一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做中国菜的丰富美味迅速走红，并由此快速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。故答案为 A. Influence r Develps a Taste fr Chinese Cuisine.“网红提升了（众人）对中国菜肴的鉴赏力”。干扰项为 B. Influence r Has Dne What He Can t Change.“为了改变，网红做了他能做的一切”，这个句子作为标题扩大了外延，“为了改变”，改变什么？它丝毫没有提到文中的关键词“中国菜肴”。
C
（2024·山西省省际名校联考）Humans spend apprximately ne-third f their lives sleeping, which means that by the time yu reach 15 years ld, yu will have slept fr abut 5 years! Hwever, the questin remains: why d we d it? Sleep has lng been a puzzle fr peple, leading scientists t explre its mysteries. They have fund that during sleep, ur brains and bdies d nt simply shut dwn; instead, cmplex prcesses unfld.
What causes sleepiness? It’s caused by ur bilgical clck releasing a special chemical signal at the same time daily, signaling it’’s time t wind dwn. The feeling f heaviness cmes frm the buildup f ld nerve messenger chemicals. When the message gets t much, the brain senses that it’s time t sleep. During sleep, the bdy breaks dwn and clears away these ld messengers, preparing fr a fresh start.
As yu slip int sleep, yur heart and breathing slw dwn, and yur brain ignres the mst sunds and surrundings arund yu. Despite appearances, yur brain remains active during sleep, perfrming essential tasks. Thrughut the night, yu cycle thrugh light, deep, and REM (rapid eye mvement) sleep stages every 90 minutes. Early n, slw-wave sleep is the primary stage, aiding in brain cleaning, while twards mrning,REM sleep increases, leading t vivid dreams. During sleep, yur bdy repairs and grws, creating new skin, muscle, and ther tissues with released chemicals. It’s als a time fr hrmne (荷尔蒙) prductin, aiding grwth, and bsting the immune (免疫) system t fight infectins.
Scientists still have many questins abut sleep, such as why sme peple need mre sleep than thers and hw certain animals can functin with less sleep. They aim t find ways t imprve sleep quality. Hwever, ne thing is clear: getting enugh sleep is vital fr health and intelligence. Think f sleep as a free magic ptin that strengthens yu, aids grwth, bsts immunity, and enhances intelligence, happiness, and creativity. Simply lie dwn and rest t enjy these benefits.
8. What inference can be drawn frm scientists’ findings abut sleep?
A. Sleep serves n purpse.B. Sleep has fundamental prcesses.
C. Sleep invlves cmplex prcesses.D. Sleep has minimal impact n brain functin.
9. What is the primary functin f the bdy’s “bilgical clck“?
A. Determining the best time fr sleep.
B. Cntrlling chemicals within the bdy.
C. Managing eating and digestin patterns.
D. Regulating daytime and nighttime activities.
10. What is the main fcus f the third paragraph?
A. Describing the different stages and functins f sleep.
B. Discussing the benefits f daytime activities fr verall health.
C. Explring the effects f inadequate sleep n the bdy and mind.
D. Analyzing the impact f stress n the immune system during sleep.
11. Which f the fllwing best describes the structure f the passage?
A. Narrative f persnal sleep experiences.
B. Cmparisn f human and animal sleep patterns.
C. Imaginary stries illustrating the advantages f sleep.
D. Explanatin f sleep imprtance, with bdy prcesses described.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了睡眠的重要性并对睡眠过程进行了描述。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“They have fund that during sleep, ur brains and bdies d nt simply shut dwn; instead, cmplex prcesses unfld.(他们发现，在睡眠期间，我们的大脑和身体并不是简单地停止工作；相反，复杂的过程展开了)”可推知，从科学家关于睡眠的发现中可以得出睡眠涉及复杂的过程。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’s caused by ur bilgical clck releasing a special chemical signal at the same time daily, signaling it’s time t wind dwn. The feeling f heaviness cmes frm the buildup f ld nerve messenger chemicals. When the message gets t much, the brain senses that it’s time t sleep.(它是由我们的生物钟每天在同一时间释放一种特殊的化学信号引起的，表明是时候放松了。这种沉重的感觉来自于旧的神经信使化学物质的积累。当信息太多时，大脑就会觉得是时候睡觉了)”可知，生物钟的主要功能是确定最佳睡眠时间。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“As yu slip int sleep, yur heart and breathing slw dwn, and yur brain ignres the mst sunds and surrundings arund yu. Despite appearances, yur brain remains active during sleep, perfrming essential tasks. Thrughut the night, yu cycle thrugh light, deep, and REM(rapid eye mvement) sleep stages every 90 minutes. Early n, slw-wave sleep is the primary stage, aiding in brain cleaning, while twards mrning, REM sleep increases, leading t vivid dreams. During sleep, yur bdy repairs and grws, creating new skin, muscle, and ther tissues with released chemicals. It’s als a time fr hrmne (荷尔蒙) prductin, aiding grwth, and bsting the immune (免疫) system t fight infectins.(当你进入睡眠时，你的心脏和呼吸都会减慢，你的大脑会忽略你周围的大多数声音和环境。尽管表面上看，你的大脑在睡眠时仍然保持活跃，执行重要的任务。整个晚上，你每90分钟就会经历浅睡眠、深度睡眠和快速眼动睡眠阶段。早期，慢波睡眠是初级阶段，有助于大脑清洁，而到了早晨，快速眼动睡眠增加，导致生动的梦。在睡眠期间，你的身体修复和生长，产生新的皮肤、肌肉和其他组织，释放出化学物质。这也是荷尔蒙分泌、促进生长、增强免疫系统对抗感染的时候)”可知，第三段主要描述了睡眠的不同阶段和功能。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hwever, the questin remains: why d we d it?(然而，问题仍然存在：我们为什么要这样做？)”和文章第二段“What causes sleepiness?(什么引起了睡眠？)”可推知，文章解释了睡眠的重要性并对睡眠过程进行了描述。故选D。
D
（2024·新局中创新联盟TOP二十名校）Scre anther ne fr artificial intelligence(AI). In a recent study, 151 human participants cmpeted against ChatGPT-4 in three tests designed t measure divergent（发散的） thinking, which is cnsidered t be an indicatr f creative thught.
In the study published in Scientific Reprts and authred by Ph. D. students Kent F. Hubert and Kim N. Awa frm the University f Arkansas, GPT-4 prvided mre riginal and detailed answers than the human participants.
The three tests emplyed were the Alternative Use Task, which asks participants t cme up with creative uses fr everyday bjects like a rpe r a frk; the Cnsequences Task, which invites participants t imagine pssible utcmes f hypthetical（假设的） situatins, like "What if humans n lnger needed sleep?"; and the Divergent Assciatins Task, which asks participants t generate 10 nuns that are as semantically（语义地） distant as pssible.
Answers were evaluated in terms f the number f respnses, length f respnse and semantic difference between wrds. Ultimately, the researchers fund that verall, GPT-4 was mre riginal and detailed than humans n each f the divergent thinking tasks. In ther wrds, GPT-4 demnstrated higher creative ptential in tasks requiring divergent thinking.
This finding des cme with sme warnings. The researchers state, "It is imprtant t nte that the measures used in this study are all measures f creative ptential, but the invlvement in creative activities r achievements is anther aspect f measuring a persn's creativity." The purpse f the study was t examine human-level creative ptential, nt necessarily peple wh may have established creative certificatins.
Whether the tests are perfect measures f human creative ptential is nt really the pint. The pint is that large language mdels are rapidly prgressing and utperfrming humans in ways they have nt befre. Whether they are a threat t replace human creativity remains t be seen. Fr nw, the researchers cntinue t see "Mving frward, future pssibilities f AI acting as a tl f inspiratin and an aid in a persn's creative prcess are prmising".
12. What can be learned abut creative thught?
A. It is related t divergent thinking. B. It is badly needed in ChatGPT-4.
C. It is generated thrugh standardized tests. D. It is smething nly humans have.
13. Which f the fllwing is an Alternative Use Task?
A. What are all the things yu can think f that are blue?
B. List all the wrds yu can assciate with the term "water".
C. Name as many uses fr a she ther than wearing it n yur ft.
D. What wuld happen if all the trees in the wrld suddenly disappeared?
14. Why did the researchers cnduct the study?
A. T prmte the develpment f languages.
B. T assess the creative ptential f humans.
C. T present creative certificatins t its participants.
D. T understand the machine-level creative ptential.
15. What is the researchers' attitude twards AI helping peple in creative prcess?
A. Uncaring. B. Unclear. C. Optimistic. D. Dubtful.
【答案】
12. A 细节理解题。根据第一段“In a recent study... t measure divergent（发散的） thinking, which is cnsidered t be an indicatr f creative thught.”可知，创造性思维与发散性思维相关。
13. C 推理判断题。根据第三段“The three tests emplyed were the Alternative Use Task, which asks participants t cme up with creative uses fr everyday bjects like a rpe r a frk;”可推断，“说出鞋子除了可以穿在脚上，还有哪些其他的用途”属于该类任务。
14. B 细节理解题。根据第五段“The purpse f the study was t examine human-level creative ptential, nt necessarily peple wh may have established creative certificatins.”可知，研究的目的是评估人类的创造潜力。
15. C 观点态度题。根据最后一段“Fr nw, the researchers cntinue t see 'Mving frward, future pssibilities f AI acting as a tl f inspiratin and an aid in a persn's creative prcess are prmising'.”可推断，研究者对于人工智能在创造的过程中帮助人类持“乐观的”态度。
二、七选五
（2024·河南省三门峡部分名校）
Sick Absence E-mail t Prfessr
Students ften have t miss their classes due t many reasns. ____16____ If yu want t write a perfect e-mail t yur prfessr, make sure that yu dn’t miss ut n reading the fllwing tips.
Dn’t write t lng e-mail. Yur e-mail shuld nt include lengthy details regarding yur illness. Befre yu write this letter, assume that the prfessr desn’t have much time t read lng e-mails. ____17____ Yu shuld learn the art f writing a small e-mail and cnveying the whle message. If yu cannt d this, get help frm a sample e-mail.
____18____ When yu knw that giving t much explanatin can make yur prfessr feel that yu are trying t escape frm the situatin, dn’t d that. Simply state the reasn fr being absent and mve n.
Admit yur mistake. Even if yu have a genuine reasn fr nt attending the lecture, yu shuld be aplgetic fr nt shwing up. ____19____
Give evidence. It is a well-knwn fact that whenever yu want t use yur sickness as a reasn, yu will be required t prvide a medical certificate. ____20____
Sample e-mail:
T: …
Subject: Sick absence e-mail fr...
Respected sir/madam.
This e-mail is being written t yu t let yu knw that I was unable t attend classes due t illness. My absence perid was f ne week starting frm 5th Oct. 2023 t 12 Oct. 2023.
With warm regards,
Signatures
A. Dn’t give excuses.
B. Send yur e-mail in advance.
C. Dn’t frget t attach a medical certificate with the e-mail.
D. In additin t it, the e-mail shuld nt nly be shrt but als cmplete.
E. Make yur prfessr feel that yu are regretful and that yu never want t d that.
F. S, they shuld cmmunicate with their prfessr t infrm him/her abut the reasn.
G. This e-mail is als a cmmunicating mde that quickly sends the message f the student.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了写病假条的几个小建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Students ften have t miss their classes due t many reasns.(由于许多原因，学生经常不得不缺课)”以及后文“If yu want t write a perfect e-mail t yur prfessr, make sure that yu dn’t miss ut n reading the fllwing tips.(如果你想给你的教授写一封完美的电子邮件，确保你没有错过下面的建议)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出请假的问题。故F选项“因此，他们应该与教授沟通，告诉他/她原因”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Befre yu write this letter, assume that the prfessr desn’t have much time t read lng e-mails.(在你写这封信之前，假设教授没有太多时间阅读冗长的电子邮件)”以及后文“Yu shuld learn the art f writing a small e-mail and cnveying the whle message.(你应该学习写一封简短的电子邮件并传达整个信息的艺术)”可知，上文提到教授没有时间阅读冗长的电子邮件，可知电子邮件应该简短。故D选项“除此之外，电子邮件不仅要简短而且要完整”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文“When yu knw that giving t much explanatin can make yur prfessr feel that yu are trying t escape frm the situatin, dn’t d that. Simply state the reasn fr being absent and mve n.(当你知道做太多的解释会让教授觉得你在试图逃避这种情况时，不要这样做。简单地说明缺席的原因，然后继续前进)”可知，本段讲的是不要让你的教授觉得你在试图逃避问题，故A选项“不要找借口”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Admit yur mistake. Even if yu have a genuine reasn fr nt attending the lecture, yu shuld be aplgetic fr nt shwing up.(承认你的错误。即使你有真正的理由不参加讲座，你也应该为没有出席而道歉)”可知，本句主要说明为自己的缺席而道歉。故E选项“让你的教授觉得你很后悔，你从来不想那样做”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Give evidence. It is a well-knwn fact that whenever yu want t use yur sickness as a reasn, yu will be required t prvide a medical certificate.(提供证据。众所周知，当你想以生病为理由时，你将被要求提供一份医疗证明)”可知，本句主要嘱咐不要忘记在邮件里附上医疗证明。故C选项“别忘了在邮件里附上医疗证明”符合语境，故选C。
三、完形填空
（2024·河南省商丘市部分名校）In 2012, Laura Eshelman man was in the middle f a mental unsettlement. She was having ____21____ in finding wrk. “I was leaving a dwntwn business where I had anther jb applicatin ____22____. I was feeling pretty ____23____ and decided t g t the Whle Fds acrss the street,” Eshelman recalled.
As she crssed the street, Eshelman ____24____ a man asking fr mney n the crner. But he was ____25____ by passersby. As Eshelman ____26____, he turned t her, and asked if he culd have a little bit f mney. She was ____27____ and said: “Leave me alne. I dn’t have anything t give yu. Get away!”
Eshelman ____28____ int the grcery stre. But suddenly she realized hw ____29____ she had been t the man. Eshelman rushed utside t find him. She aplgized and ____30____ sme cins frm the bttm f her ____31____.
As she ____32____ him the change, the man said, “It’s OK. Everything ____33____ will disappear.” And all f a sudden, she felt like smebdy was seeing her ____34____, and she started t cry.
“That mment n the street was ne f the few ____35____ in that extremely dark perid f my life,” Eshelman later said.
21. A. funB. trubleC. experienceD. luck
22. A. rejectedB. submittedC. displayedD. fllwed
23. A. relaxedB. awkwardC. nervusD. depressed
24. A. rememberedB. guidedC. spttedD. cmfrted
25. A. ignredB. tuchedC. rewardedD. cheated
26. A. hesitatedB. waitedC. escapedD. apprached
27. A. activeB. impatientC. anxiusD. desperate
28. A. slidB. struggledC. gtD. lked
29. A. helpfulB. rudeC. strictD. particular
30. A. set asideB. put awayC. dug utD. used up
31. A. heartB. pcketC. streD. drawer
32. A. handedB. lentC. returnedD. awarded
33. A. dangerusB. nrmalC. unpracticalD. unpleasant
34. A. painB. chiceC. effrtD. privilege
35. A. instantsB. chancesC. differencesD. flashes
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D
【导语】本文是记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了Laura Eshelman在经历了一段精神困扰和求职困难后，在街头偶遇一个乞讨者并与其发生互动，最终从对方的话中得到慰藉的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她找工作遇到了困难。A. fun乐趣；B. truble麻烦；C. experience经验；D. luck好运。根据前文“In 2012, Laura Eshelman man was in the middle f a mental unsettlement.”可知，Laura精神不安，所以应是找工作遇到了困难。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要离开一家市中心的公司，在那里我又被拒绝了一份工作。A. rejected拒绝；B. submitted提交；C. displayed显示；D. fllwed跟随。根据前文“She was having 1 in finding wrk.”可知，Laura找工作遇到了困难，所以是工作申请被拒绝了。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常沮丧，于是决定去街对面的全食超市。A. relaxed轻松的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. nervus紧张的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据前文“I was leaving a dwntwn business where I had anther jb applicatin 2 .”可知，作者又一次被拒绝了工作申请，所以是感到沮丧的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她穿过街道时，Eshelman看到一个男人在街角要钱。A. remembered记得；B. guided指导；C. sptted看见；D. cmfrted安慰。根据后文“a man asking tr mney n the crner”结合选项可知，应是看到一个男人在街角要钱。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但没有路人理睬他。A. ignred忽视；B. tuched感动；C. rewarded奖励；D. cheated作弊。根据前文“a man asking tr mney n the crner”以及but表转折可知，应是没人理他，符合语境。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Eshelman走近她时，他转向她，轻声问她能不能给他一点钱。A. hesitated犹豫；B. waited等待；C. escaped逃跑；D. apprached接近。根据后文“he turned t her, and asked if he culd have a little bit f mney”可知，应是Eshelman走近她时，他向Eshelman乞讨。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不耐烦地说：“别烦我。我没有东西给你。走开！”A. active积极的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. anxius焦虑的；D. desperate不惜冒险的。根据后文“Leave me alne. I dn’t have anything t give yu. Get away!”可知，Eshelman是不耐烦的。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eshelman走进杂货店。A. slid滑行；B. struggled努力；C. gt进入；D. lked看。根据后文“Eshelman rushed utside t find him.”可知，Eshelman冲了出来，所以此处应是走进杂货店。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她突然意识到自己对那个男人是多么粗鲁。A. helpful有帮助的；B. rude粗鲁的；C. strict严格的；D. particular特别的。根据前文“Leave me alne. I dn’t have anything t give yu. Get away!”可知，Eshelman对男人的很粗鲁。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。她道了歉，然后从口袋底部掏出一些硬币。A. set aside放在一边；B. put away收起；C. dug ut翻出；D. used up耗尽。根据后文“sme cins”结合选项可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. heart心脏；B. pcket口袋；C. stre商店；D. drawer抽屉。根据前文“She aplgized and 10 sme cins”结合实际可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她把零钱递给他时，那人说：“没关系。一切不愉快的事情都会消失。”A. handed递；B. lent借给；C. returned返回；D. awarded授予。根据上文“She aplgized and 10 sme cins frm the bttm f her 11 .”可知，Eshelman掏出一些硬币应是给这个男人，表达歉意。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她把零钱递给他时，那人说：“没关系。一切不愉快的事情都会消失。”A. dangerus危险的；B. nrmal正常的；C. unpractical不切实际的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据前文内容可知，Eshelman找工作不顺利，日子过得不愉快，然后当这个男人向她乞讨时，她态度粗鲁，也会让这个男人不愉快，所以此处应是表达“一切不愉快的事情都会消失”之意。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，她觉得有人看到了她的痛苦，于是她哭了起来。A. pain痛苦；B. chice选择；C. effrt努力；D. privilege特权。根据前文“It’s OK. Everything 13 will disappear.”可知，男人说一切不愉快的事情都会消失，这句活说到了Eshelman的痛处，她因为找工作的事，过得不愉快，感觉有人看到了她的痛苦。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在街上的那一刻是我生命中极其黑暗的时期中为数不多的闪光之一，”Eshelman后来说。A. instants瞬间；B. chances机会；C. differences不同；D. flashes光芒。根据前文“she felt like smebdy was seeing her 14 , and she started t cry.”以及后文“in that extremely dark perid f my life”可知，有人理解了她的痛苦，应是她生命中极其黑暗的时期中为数不多的闪光之一。故选D项。
语法填空
（2024·河北省邢台市邢台市名校联盟）阅读短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese ancient architecture is a treasure f cultural heritage, reflecting China’s rich histry and unique cultural identity. With a histry ____36____ (date) back thusands f years, it has evlved and diversified t becme ne f the mst distinctive styles in the wrld.
Chinese ancient architecture is characterized by its use f natural materials such as wd, brick, and stne, in cnjunctin with fancy carvings and decrative details. Bridges, tmbs, temples, and twers are sme f the key ____37____ (feature) f Chinese ancient architecture ____38____ have std the test f time.
One f the mst icnic examples f Chinese ancient architecture is the Frbidden City in Beijing. Cnstructin f the Frbidden City began in 1406 and tk ver a decade ____39____ (cmplete). It served ____40____ the ryal palace f the Ming and Qing dynasties and is nw a ppular turist attractin. The Frbidden City is knwn fr the harmny f its design.
In suthern China, the rice terraces (梯田) are ____41____ unique example f Chinese ancient architecture. ____42____ (carve) ut f the muntains ver centuries, these terraces prvide a cmplex system fr irrigatin and cultivatin. The rice terraces are nt nly a crucial part f Chinese agricultural histry but als a masterpiece f engineering and gemetry.
Chinese ancient architecture has had a prfund influence n the ____43____ (glbe) architecture, and many element s and designs ____44____ (adpt) and adapted in different parts f the wrld ever since. Tday, Chinese rich architectural heritage gains _____45_____ (recgnize) wrldwide, becming a reminder f China’s rich cultural histry.
【答案】36. dating 37. features 38. that/which 39. t cmplete 40. as 41. a
42. Carved 43. glbal 44. have been adpted 45. recgnitin
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古建筑的历史和重要价值。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它的历史可以追溯到几千年前，它已经发展和多样化，成为世界上最独特的风格之一。此处date与histry为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填dating。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：桥、墓、庙和塔是中国古代建筑的一些重要特征，它们经受住了时间的考验。feature为可数名词，根据上文sme f可知为复数。故填features。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：桥、墓、庙和塔是中国古代建筑的一些重要特征，它们经受住了时间的考验。定语从句修饰先行词Bridges, tmbs, temples, and twers，在从句作主语，指物。故填that/which。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：紫禁城始建于1406年，历时十多年才建成。短语take+一段时间+t d表示“花费时间……”。故填t cmplete。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：它曾是明清两朝的皇宫，现在是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。短语serve as表示“作为”。故填as。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在中国南方，梯田是中国古代建筑的独特范例。此处example为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：经过几个世纪的雕刻，这些梯田为灌溉和种植提供了一个复杂的系统。此处carve与terraces构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Carved。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国古代建筑对全球建筑产生了深远的影响，许多元素和设计被世界各地采用和改编。修饰名词architecture应用形容词glbal，作定语。故填glbal。
【44题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：中国古代建筑对全球建筑产生了深远的影响，许多元素和设计被世界各地采用和改编。主语many element s and designs 与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文ever since可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been adpted。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：今天，中国丰富的建筑遗产得到了全世界的认可，成为中国丰富文化历史的一个提醒。作动词的宾语，用名词recgnitin，不可数。故填recgnitin。
五、应用文写作
46．（2024·三湘名校教育联盟）假定你是李华，是学校英语社( English Assciatin) 的社长，开学之初，英语社准备招募新社员，请写一则通知。内容包括：
1.社团招新的要求；
2.报名时间和地点。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：applicatin frm申请表
Ntice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
English Assciatin
September 12th, 2023
【答案】
Ntice
English Assciatin was funded tw years ag with the aim f imprving students’ English level and helping thse wh cannt speak English fluently.
If yu are much interested in English learning, yu are expected t jin ur club where yu can enrich yur vcabulary and practise yur ral English as well. Anyne wh desires t master English well can cme t ur club but yu must bey the rules, especially arrive n schedule when activities are held.
My dear fellws, jin ur club and yu will enjy the beauty f English. By the way, please hand in yur applicatin frm befre this Friday in Rm 302 f the teaching building.
English Assciatin
September12th, 2023
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校英语社准备招募新社员，要求考生以社长的名义写一则通知。
【详解】1.词汇积累
成立：fund → establish/set up
帮助：help → assist/aid
英语口语：ral English → spken English
提交：hand in → submit
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：By the way, please hand in yur applicatin frm befre this Friday in Rm 302 f the teaching building.
拓展句：By the way, yu are suppsed t submit yur applicatin frm befre this Friday in Rm 302 f the teaching building.
【点睛】[高分句型1] If yu are much interested in English learning, yu are expected t jin ur club where yu can enrich yur vcabulary and practise yur ral English as well.(运用了从属连词if引导条件状语从句和关系副词where引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Anyne wh desires t master English well can cme t ur club but yu must bey the rules, especially arrive n schedule when activities are held. (运用了关系代词wh引导限制性定语从句)
六、读后续写
47．（2024·龙西北高中名校联盟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jan excitedly packed her bags fr her upcming trip with her family. They were ging t drive frm New Yrk t Virginia t visit relatives. She culd nt wait. She had missed playing with her cusins and talking t her aunt and uncle.
After all f the suitcases had been laded int the car, Jan’s dad lked t Jan and her mther. “Is everyne ready fr ur rad trip?” They bth grinned (露齿而笑) and ndded.
It was ging t be quite a lng jurney, and within a cuple f hurs Jan had already begun t feel tired. She began t nd ff when she nticed that the car began t veer (突然变向) t the side f the rad.
Jan’s father gt ut and walked arund the car. He scratched his head, lking cnfused. Then, he gave a great sigh. He pked his head thrugh the passenger side windw. “We have a flat tire,” he said t Jan’s mm.
“Use the spare tire in the trunk. Then we can replace it when we reach Virginia,” she suggested. Jan’s father lked dwn at his feet sheepishly (羞怯地). “I ... haven’t had the spare tire replaced since the last time we had a flat.”
Her mther seemed frustrated (沮丧), but tried t remain psitive. “Maybe we can call a service,” she suggested.
But a quick glance at their cellphnes tld them that there was n receptin in the area. Jan lked at her mther in the frnt seat, and her father still staring blankly (茫然地) at the flat tire utside. Bth f them lked cncerned.
Jan began t get wrried. N ther cars had passed by in a while and it seemed like they were far away frm a twn center.
Jan lked ut the windw, wndering if they wuld have t sleep in the car r if there was any way they culd pssibly find smene t help them. Wuld they ever make their way t Virginia? Her relatives wuld surely be wrried abut them.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150词左右;
2. 请按如下格式相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: When Jan lked ut the windw, she saw a car appraching.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2: Jan saw cluds in the sky and it began t rain.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】
When Jan lked ut the windw, she saw a car appraching. She waved t the driver and shuted ludly. Frtunately, the car stpped, and an ld lady gt ut f the car. She said, “What’s ging n, dear?” Jan explained the whle accident in detail. The lady said, “I will g hme and ask my husband t help yu. He is gd at fixing cars.” Jan lked at the lady in disbelief, nt believing her husband wuld cme. Hwever, she had n chice. Finally, she watched the ld lady’s car slwly disappear at the end f the rad.
Jan saw cluds in the sky, and it began t rain. The nly thing they culd d was t stay in the car. The sky was getting darker, but n ne came. Jan was wrried. Suddenly, ne small shining light ppped up, and a man appeared. He said, “I’m here t help yu.” “He is the ld lady’s husband,” Jan cried, nt believing what she saw. He didn’t have t ffer help, but he vlunteered t cme anyway. He quickly replaced the tire, and the car started again. The family thanked the man and went t their relatives’ huse. Whenever Jan recalls this experience, she always feels warm and thankful.
【导语】本文以事情发展为线索展开，讲述了Jan兴高采烈地准备和家人一起开始即将到来的旅行。他们正从纽约开车去弗吉尼亚，去看望他们的远亲。然而，在路上，他们的车胎漏气了。他们迷茫地看着彼此，既没有备用轮胎，手机也没有信号，无法向别人求助，更糟糕的是，附近也没有车经过，不知道如何是好。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当Jan向窗外看时，她看到一辆汽车向她驶来。”可知，第一段可描写Jan向开车的人求助，车主答应帮助他们。
②由第二段首句内容“Jan看到天空中有云，开始下雨了。”可知，第二段可描写他们等了很长时间，看到了远处的车灯。老太太的丈夫来帮助他们了！他很快换好轮胎，汽车又发动了，他们满怀感激和期待地再次踏上旅途。
2. 续写线索：有车经过——求助——等待——得到帮助——感激——再次出发
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①大喊：shut/exclaim/yell
②说明：explain/clarify/illustrate
③相信：believe/trust
④提供：ffer/prvide
情绪类
①担忧的：wrried/apprehensive/disturbed
②感激的：thankful/grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]The nly thing they culd d was t stay in the car.(省略that的定语从句)
[高分句型2]“He is the ld lady’s husband,” Jan cried, nt believing what she saw.(what引导的宾语从句)
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