[英语]2022年江苏省常州市中考真题英语试卷(原题版+解析版)

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注意事项：
1.本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。考生须将答案书写在答題卡上，写在试卷上的一律无效。
2.答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号填写在试卷上，并填写答题卡上的考生信息。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1. —Hw ________ this questin is! I’ve spent tw hurs n it.
—Let me help yu!
A. practicalB. generalC. difficultD. natural
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这个问题真难！我在它上花了两个小时。——让我来帮助你！
考查形容词辨析。practical实际的；general一般的；difficult困难的；natural自然的。根据“I’ve spent tw hurs n it”可知，在这个问题上花费了2个小时，说明它很难，故选C。
2. —________ des yur schl rganize an English Reading Festival?
—Once a term.
A. Hw ftenB. Hw ldC. Hw lngD. Hw sn
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你们学校多久组织一次英语阅读节？——一学期一次。
考查特殊疑问句。 Hw ften多久一次；Hw ld多大；Hw lng多长；Hw sn多久。根据答语“Once a term.”可知，此处对频率进行提问，故选A。
3. Learning is a life-lng jurney, fr it brings us ________ new every day.
A. everythingB. nthingC. anythingD. smething
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：学习是一生的旅程，因为它每天都给我们带来新的东西。
考查不定代词辨析。everything每件事，指所有事物；nthing没有什么，表完全否定；anything任何东西，用于否定句和疑问句代替smething；smething某物，表不确定，用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑问句。本句是肯定句，结合“Learning is a life-lng jurney, fr it brings every day.”可知，smething new“一些新东西”符合语境，故选D。
4. T achieve ur dream, we ________ rest n what we have dne.
A may ntB. shuld ntC. need ntD. culd nt
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们不应该依靠我们已经做了的。
考查动词辨析。may nt也许不；shuld nt不应该；need nt不需要；culd nt不能。根据“T achieve ur dream, n what we have dne.”可知，此处表示建议，不应该依靠我们已经做了的，故选B。
5. —Why didn’t yu pen the dr fr me, Jim?
—I ________ clthes in the bathrm. I didn’t hear the knck.
A. am washingB. have washedC. was washingD. washed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你为什么不给我开门，吉姆？——我在浴室洗衣服。我没有听到敲门声。
考查时态。根据“Why didn’t yu pen the dr fr me, Jim?”和“ in the bathrm.”可知，强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选C。
6. The summer vacatin is cming. Dn’t swim in the lake, ________ when yu are alne.
A. prbablyB. pssiblyC. especiallyD. exactly
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：暑假快来了。不要在湖里游泳，尤其是一个人的时候。
考查副词辨析。prbably可能；pssibly可能；especially尤其；exactly确切地。根据“Dn’t swim in the lake, yu are alne.”可知，不要在湖里游泳，尤其是独自去。故选C。
7. Althugh the match is mving in an unexpected ________, ur team will win finally, I believe.
A. instructinB. intrductinC. psitinD. directin
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：虽然比赛走向了一个意想不到的方向，但我相信我们队最终会赢。
考查名词辨析。instructin指导；intrductin介绍；psitin位置；directin方向。根据“Althugh the match is mving in an unexpected..., ur team will win finally, I believe.”可知，此处指的是比赛的走向，directin“方向”符合题意，故选D。
8. If yu want t keep healthy, ging t bed early and getting up early is highly ________.
A. recmmendedB. challengedC. translatedD. influenced
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你想保持健康，强烈建议早睡早起。
考查动词辨析。recmmended推荐，建议；challenged挑战；translated翻译；influenced影响。根据“If yu want t keep healthy, ging t bed early and getting up early is highly...”可知，“早睡早起”是保持健康的建议，故选A。
9. —Mum, d yu knw ________? An engineer.
—That’s interesting. I guess yu ften fix things fr thers in yur schl.
A. what d my classmates call meB. what my classmates call me
C. why d my classmates call meD. why my classmates call me
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——妈妈，你知道我的同学叫我什么吗？一名工程师。——这很有趣。我猜你经常在学校帮别人修东西。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“An engineer.”可知，是“叫我什么”，用what。故选B。
10. —It’s necessary fr us t spend mre time with ur grandparents.
—________. They wn’t see us ften after we g t cllege.
A. I hpe ntB. I think sC. I’m srryD. I’m nt sure
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我们有必要花更多的时间和祖父母在一起。——我也这么想。我们上大学后，他们就不会经常见到我们了。
考查情景交际。I hpe nt我希望不是；I think s我也这么想；I’m srry我很抱歉；I’m nt sure我不确定。根据“It’s necessary fr us t spend mre time with ur grandparents.”和“They wn’t see us ften after we g t cllege.”可知，后者赞同前者的看法，故选B。
二、完形填空(共12小题;每小题1分，满分12分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The three men were mving dwn a fast and rcky river. Thrntn was in the bat, while Hans and Pete had t mve alng the river bank, hlding the bat with a rpe. Buck, the dg, fllwed them, keeping a(n) ____11____ eye n Thrntn.
They came t a mre ____12____ part f the river, and the bat started t g t quickly. Hans pulled n the rpe t stp it, but pulled it t hard. The bat ____13____, and Thrntn was thrwn int the water.
Buck jumped in at nce and swam three hundred meters until he ____14____ Thrntn. Then Buck returned, with Thrntn hlding his tail. Buck swam twards the river bank. But they mved ____15____. Thrntn knew they wuld nt get t the bank quickly enugh, s he let g f Buck, held n t a rck in the middle f the water, and ____16____, “G, Buck, g!”
Buck swam as hard as he culd t the bank, and Pete and Hans pulled him ut.
It was hard fr Thrntn t hld n t his rck in that ____17____ water, and his friends knew they had nly a few minutes t save him. They ____18____ their rpe rund Buck, wh at nce jumped int the river and tried t swim t Thrntn. The first time, the water tk him ____19____ the rck, and Pete and Hans had t pull him back. The secnd time, he swam higher up the river. ____20____, the water brught him dwn t Thrntn. Thrntn held n t Buck, and Hans and Pete pulled the rpe as hard as they culd. Man and dg disappeared under the water, ____21____ rcks, turning ver and ver, smetimes with Buck n tp, smetimes Thrntn. When Hans and Pete finally pulled them ut, bth seemed mre dead than alive. But after a while their eyes pened and ____22____ returned. They all smiled.
11. A. wrriedB. satisfiedC. surprisedD. excited
12. A. imprtantB. famusC. dangerusD. interesting
13. A. turned upB. turned verC. turned dwnD. turned ff
14. A. lstB. sawC. savedD. reached
15. A. carelesslyB. slwlyC. wiselyD. simply
16. A. shutedB. cmplainedC. repliedD. jked
17. A. secretB. clearC. dirtyD. wild
18. A. tiedB. limitedC. relaxedD. mixed
19. A. underB. pastC. insideD. thrugh
20. A. OtherwiseB. MreverC. HweverD. Instead
21. A. liftingB. cntrllingC. hittingD. breaking
22. A. fearB. lveC. trustD. life
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. C 22. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《野性的呼唤》，讲述巴克救了桑顿一命的故事。
【11题详解】
句意：巴克，那条狗，跟在他们后面，焦虑地盯着桑顿。
wrried担心的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；excited激动的。根据“The three men were mving dwn a fast and rcky river.”可知，三个人正沿着一条湍急多石的河流往下流。所以巴克很担心，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：他们来到了河中一个更危险的地方，船开得太快了。
imprtant重要的；famus著名的；dangerus危险的；interesting有趣的。根据“and the bat started t g t quickly”并结合前文可知，位置更加危险，故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：船翻了，桑顿被扔进了水里。
turned up出现；turned ver翻转；turned dwn拒绝；turned ff关闭。根据“The bat..., and Thrntn was thrwn int the water.”可知，船翻了，桑顿掉进了水中，故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：巴克立刻跳入水中，游了三百米才游到桑顿身边。
lst丢失；saw看见；saved救，节约；reached到达。根据“Buck jumped in at nce and swam three hundred meters until ”可知，巴克游了三百米，才到达桑顿身边，故选D。
【15题详解】
句意：但他们行动缓慢。
carelessly粗心地；slwly缓慢地；wisely明智地；simply简单地。根据“Thrntn knew they wuld nt get t the bank quickly enugh”可知，桑顿知道他们不会很快到达岸边，所以是缓慢，故选B。
【16题详解】
句意：走，巴克，走！
shuted大叫；cmplained抱怨；replied回复；jked开玩笑。根据“G, Buck, g!”可知，是大叫，故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：桑顿很难在汹涌的水中抓住他的岩石，他的朋友们知道他们只有几分钟的时间来救他。
secret秘密的；clear清晰的；dirty脏的；wild汹涌的。根据“It was hard fr Thrntn t hld n t his rck in , and his friends knew they had nly a few minutes t save him.”和前文描述可知，河流很湍急，故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：他们把绳子系在巴克身上，他立刻跳进河里，试图游向桑顿。
tied系；limited限制；relaxed放松；mixed混合。根据“ rpe rund Buck”可知，把绳子系到巴克身上，故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：第一次，水把他冲过了岩石，皮特和汉斯不得不把他拉回来。
under在……下；past经过；inside在……里面；thrugh通过。根据“the water tk rck, and Pete and Hans had t pull him back.”可知，水把他冲过了岩石，故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：此外，河水把他带到桑顿那里。
Otherwise否则；Mrever此外；Hwever然而；Instead而不是。根据“The secnd time, he swam higher up the river. ..., the water brught him dwn t Thrntn.”可知，此处描述巴克游得比水高，河水把他带到桑顿那里，前后动作连贯，故选B。
【21题详解】
句意：人和狗消失在水中，撞在岩石上，翻来覆去，有时巴克在上面，有时桑顿在上面。
lifting举起；cntrlling控制；hitting撞；breaking打破。根据“Man and dg disappeared under the water, , turning ver and ver, smetimes with Buck n tp, smetimes Thrntn.”可知，水流湍急，所以撞来撞去，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：但过了一会儿，他们睁开了眼睛，身上恢复了生命力。
fear害怕；lve爱；trust信任；life生活。根据“But after a while their eyes pened They all smiled.”可知，拉出来时，两人都显得死气沉沉，但是一会身上恢复了生命力，故选D。
三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
The Beijing 2022 Olympics was the mst gender-balanced (性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in histry, with mre than 1,300 female athletes — a recrd number — cmpeting at the events, making up mre than 45 percent f all athletes. Here are sme female athletes whse achievements in Beijing amazed the wrld.
23. Hw many athletes tk part in the Beijing 2022 Olympic Games?
A. Arund 1,300.B. Arund 1,580.C. Arund 2,880.D. Arund 4,460.
24. Wh tk a silver medal in the cmpetitin?
A. Gu Ailing.B. British wmen’s curling team.
C. Almida de Val.D. Almida de Val’s teammate.
25. What d we knw abut Alexandra Trusva?
A. She is the yungest athlete in the 2022 Olympic Games.
B. She tk the first place in the Beijing Winter Olympics.
C. She wrked as an IT engineer befre becming a skating player.
D. She is the first female t cmplete five quadruple jumps in an Olympic cmpetitin.
【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了几位北京冬奥会上的女性运动员。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The Beijing 2022 Olympics was the mst gender-balanced(性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in histry, with mre than 1,300 female athletes—a recrd number—cmpeting at the events, making up mre than 45 percent f all athletes.”可知，北京2022年冬奥会共有1300多名女性运动员参赛，这一数字创下纪录，占所有运动员的45%以上。所以大约有2800名运动员参赛，故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The freeski player wn tw gld medals and a silver in three events.”可知，谷爱凌在三个项目中获得两枚金牌和一枚银牌。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusva, 17, amazed the wrld with five quadruple jumps(四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，17岁的俄罗斯花样滑冰银牌得主亚历山德拉·特鲁索娃在北京冬奥会自由泳比赛中以五次四跳惊艳世界。故选D。
B
This is a typical(典型) day fr Yang Jinlng.
At 9 a. m. , he drives t primary schls and middle schls in Xi’an, Shaanxi Prvince, t teach students abut Shaanxi kuaiban. It is a traditinal Chinese frm f strytelling t the rhythm(节奏) f bamb clappers(响板), which the art frm is named after. Smetimes, he helps students prepare fr cmpetitins. Usually, his classes run until abut 6. p.m. , and then he returns hme t prepare classes fr the next day.
On June 10, the Ministry f Culture and Turism annunced 325 natinal intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list t 1, 557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty, has been included. The art frm has been intrduced t lcal schls as part f their art educatin.
Yang has been teaching yung peple the art frm since 2003 after graduating frm the Natinal Academy f Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing. He studied quyi there. Quyi is general term fr Chinese flk art frms, including strytelling, crsstalk and clapper talk.
“Art educatin is imprtant fr students in China. Just as many students learn t play Western musical instruments like the pian and vilin, there are many peple learning traditinal Chinese flk arts, including Shaanxi kuaiban, which I’ll wrk fr my whle life,” he said.
Kuaiban is ppular in nrthern China, including Beijing and Tianjin. Accrding t Yang, Shaanxi kuaiban was influenced by the art f different areas. The art frm can be played by a grup f players r nly ne. With ne r tw pairs f kuaiban f different sizes in hand, the players speak in the lcal dialect(方言) while telling stries, which are usually abut heres. The player tells stries while playing kuaiban, and it’s easy fr the watchers t remember the stries since all the lines rhym.
Thanks t artists like Yang, this traditinal Chinese frm f strytelling is passed n and stays alive in ur cuntry.
26. Why is tday a typical day fr Yang Jinlng?
A. He is teaching students abut kuaiban as usual.
B. His wrk starts at 9 and lasts 6 hurs like every day.
C. He is preparing fr a kuaiban cmpetitin tday.
D. His life tday is as busy and bring as every day.
27. Which f the fllwing abut Shaanxi kuaiban is TRUE?
A. It is named after the Shaanxi dialect.
B. It is listed in the natinal intangible cultural heritage.
C. It is mre ppular than the pian and vilin in nrthern China.
D. It is played t tell stries usually abut cmmn peple.
28. Which f the fllwing best describes Yang Jinlng?
A. Devted.B. Stressed.C. Generus.D. Curius.
29. Why des the writer reprt Yang Jinlng’s stry?
A. T shw hw t play Shaanxi kuaiban in the lcal dialect.
B. T tell the difference between Chinese and Western arts.
C. T prve that kuaiban players are living a busy life.
D. T praise the wrk f spreading traditinal Chinese art.
【答案】26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了杨金龙和他教学生们陕西快板的故事。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At 9 a. m. , he drives t primary schls and middle schls in Xi’an, Shaanxi Prvince, t teach students abut Shaanxi kuaiban”可知，因为他和往常一样去教学生快板，故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“On June 10, the Ministry f Culture and Turism annunced 325 natinal intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list t 1, 557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty, has been included”可知，陕西快板被列为国家级非物质文化遗产，故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“including Shaanxi kuaiban, which I’ll wrk fr my whle life”及“Thanks t artists like Yang, this traditinal Chinese frm f strytelling is passed n and stays alive in ur cuntry”可知，杨金龙将为快板奉献一生，他也将中国文化传递下去，由此可推断他是有奉献精神的，故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Thanks t artists like Yang, this traditinal Chinese frm f strytelling is passed n and stays alive in ur cuntry”可知，作者想通过杨金龙通过教授学生快板来传递中国文化的故事，来赞扬传播中国传统艺术的作品，故选D。
C
Researchers are using an underwater drne (无人机) t get infrmatin n carbn dixide (CO₂) levels in the cean. It is believed t be the first time that such a device (装置) has been used purpsely t test CO₂ levels.
The device, which the team als calls a glider, is designed t g dwn t 1,000 meters in deep cean areas and can perate fr weeks at a time.
The purpse f the research is t prvide scientists with data (数据) abut hw climate change is influencing the cean’s chemistry. The self-swimming drne was placed in the Gulf f Alaska this spring. Reprters frm The Assciated Press recently jined researchers n a bat in Alaska’s Resurrectin Bay t see the drne in actin.
The team says the prject culd be a majr step frward in measuring(测量) the envirnmental health f ceans. The scientists are mst interested in levels f cean acidificatin(酸性). This happens when CO₂ emissins(排放) in the air make their way int the cean. Ocean acidificatin can harm r kill sme kinds f sea life.
Scientists have cnnected CO₂ emissins with glbal(全球) warming caused by human activities.
In a way, ceans have given humans a helping hand by taking in(吸收) sme f the CO₂. If there were n ceans’ uptake, there wuld be much mre CO₂ in the air. This wuld trap mre f the sun’s heat and further warm the Earth.
“But the prblem nw is that the cean is changing its chemistry because f this uptake,” said team member Claudine Hauri.
One f the best ways t measure cean acidificatin is t cllect CO₂ measurements. Until nw, these cllectins were mstly dne frm ships r with devices flating at the cean surface r n the cean flr.
30. What is prbably this passage?
A. An advertisement.B. Part f a news reprt.
C. Part f a science fictin.D. A text frm a chemistry textbk.
31. What d we knw abut a glider?
A. It must be used tgether with flating devices.
B. It is used t measure cean acidificatin.
C. It is used t stp CO₂ frm entering the cean.
D. It is used t measure CO₂ levels in the air.
32. What des the underlined wrd “uptake” in Paragraph 6 mst prbably mean?
A. The act f cvering an area.B. The act f slwing smething dwn.
C. The act f taking smething in.D. The act f killing r harming smething.
33 What is trubling the scientists?
A. The underwater drne can’t swim by itself.
B. The drne can nly last ne week at a time.
C. Oceans are stpping taking in CO₂ frm the air.
D. T much CO₂ is making its way int ceans.
【答案】30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，向我们介绍研究人员正在使用水下无人机获取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍研究人员正在使用水下无人机获取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息，所以推测可能在新闻报道上看到这篇文章，故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Researchers are using an underwater drne (无人机) t get infrmatin n carbn dixide (CO₂) levels in the cean. It is believed t be the first time that such a device (装置) has been used purpsely t test CO₂ levels.”和“The device, which the team als calls a glider”可知，滑翔机设备专门用于测定海洋二氧化碳水平，故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“In a way, ceans have given humans a helping hand by taking in(吸收) sme f the CO₂. If there were n ceans’ uptake, there wuld be much mre CO₂ in the air.”可知，海洋在某种程度上帮助了人类，吸收了一些二氧化碳，如果没有海洋的吸收，空气中的二氧化碳就会更多。所以此处uptake的意思是“吸收”，故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This happens when CO₂ emissins(排放) in the air make their way int the cean. Ocean acidificatin can harm r kill sme kinds f sea life.”可知，空气中的二氧化碳大量排放进入海洋，海洋酸化会伤害或杀死一些海洋生物。故选D。
D
Being sad r in a lw md is a nrmal (正常的) part f life. Many peple feel dwn frm time t time. Fr example, when peple face challenging events in their lives, such as financial(经济的) difficulty r majr changes, it’s cmmn t feel dwn. But in mst cases the bad feelings slwly disappear.
As fr depressin(抑郁症), hwever, the bad md lasts fr weeks, mnths, r ever lnger because it is a mental(精神的) illness. As the Wrld Health Organizatin(WHO) nted, depressin is a md disrder. It shws in different ways, including lss f interest in nrmal activities and feelings f lw self-wrth. It ften lasts fr a lng time and greatly harms a persn’s ability at wrk r schl r in the daily life. Peple with depressin usually dn’t like t talk abut their prblems with thers. Mre seriusly, depressin may even lead t the act f killing neself.
“Depressin is nt just a but(一阵) f sadness r a sign f weakness and yu can’t just simply stp feeling depressed.” said the health news website
But depressin is nt a persn’s prblem. It’s als mre cmmn than mst peple think. It is hurting abut 280 millin peple arund the wrld, accrding t WHO.
Thugh depressin is wrrying, we dn’t have t be afraid f it. Depressin can be treated by getting prfessinal(专业的) help, taking medicine r a mixed treatment f bth. In fact, when yu begin t feel the danger f depressin, yu can try t deal with it early by yurself. Listening t music, ding sme sprts and drawing sme pictures might help yu feel better. Anther useful way is talk therapy. When we are attacked by a lw md, having a cnversatin with thers is f great help. Being hnest abut hw we feel des nt make us weak, it makes us human.
34. Wh is mst prbably experiencing depressin?
A. Lily, wh is ging t have an imprtant exam and hasn’t slept well fr 3 days.
B. May, wh dislikes her new schl and has cmplained t her parents 3 times.
C. Ben, wh thinks life wrthless and has cried alne ver 3 times a week in the past mnth.
D. Tm, wh finds subjects hard and has talked t his teacher abut it 3 times this week.
35. What des the writer think f depressin?
A. Nrmal and nthing serius.B. Uncmmn althugh harmful.
C. Unavidable and untreatable.D. Treatable althugh wrrying.
36. What’s the passage mainly abut?
A. Knwledge f depressin.B. Ways f treating depressin.
C. Reasns fr depressin.D. Results f depressin.
【答案】34. C 35. D 36. A
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了抑郁症正在伤害全世界约2.8亿人，以及一些有关抑郁症的治疗措施等。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“As the Wrld Health Organizatin(WHO) nted, depressin is a md disrder. It shws in different ways, including lss f interest in nrmal activities and feelings f lw self-wrth. It ften lasts fr a lng time and greatly harms a persn’s ability at wrk r schl r in the daily life...”可知，抑郁症是一种情绪障碍。它以不同的方式表现出来，包括对正常活动失去兴趣和自我价值感低下，抑郁症患者通常不喜欢与他人谈论他们的问题，故选C。
【35题详解】
观点态度题。根据“Thugh depressin is wrrying, we dn’t have t be afraid f it. Depressin can be treated by getting prfessinal(专业的) help, taking medicine r a mixed treatment f bth.”可知，虽然抑郁症令人担忧，但我们不必害怕它。抑郁症可以通过专业的帮助来治疗，服用药物或两者混合治疗，即虽然令人担忧但可以治疗，故选D。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了什么是抑郁症、抑郁症的表现及抑郁症的治疗方法等，A最合适，B、C、D比较片面。故选A。
四、还原句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分)
阅读下面短文从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Life is full f chices and decisins. Here are sme steps t help yu make wise decisins.
First, it’s better t make a decisin quickly than avid it fr a mnth because yu’re afraid f chsing. ____37____ Als, sme chices usually have time limits. S t keep ur brains frm getting t tired, we needn’t think abut the cst f every single chice. Narrw dwn the list and try cmparing nly the best tw r three.
Next, think abut the value and cst f each chice. ____38____ Or better yet, create a screcard,n which yu give ut bigger pint values t what yu think is mre imprtant. This way yu can tell if ne huge advantage is mre imprtant than a grup f little disadvantages.
Then, stay calm and give yurself sme space. Yu dn’t want t delay(延迟) fr weeks, but if yu’re abut t make a hasty(仓促的) decisin, yu may end up picking smething yu regret. ____39____ And it might take yu a few days fr majr chices, like chsing yur ideal high schl.
____40____ Why? Because it’s gd t get a fresh way f thinking frm thers wh are nt as wrried as yu. Cnsider their pinins(观点) even if they are nt what yu want t hear. Yu need t take different pinins int cnsideratin s that yu will make a wise decisin.
A. Yu’ll need at least ne night t “sleep n it”.
B. And yu dn’t have t make a decisin alne.
C. They are the best chances t shw yur persnality.
D. These ways f letting ut what yu are feeling are helpful.
E. It’s very tiring t think things ver but fail t decide in time.
F. T d that, yu can make a list f advantages and disadvantages.
【答案】37. A 38. F 39. E 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍帮助你做出明智的决定的一些步骤。
【37题详解】
根据“S t keep ur brains frm getting t tired, we needn’t think abut the cst f every single chice.”可知，本段建议不让我们的大脑变得太累，选项A“你至少需要一个晚上来“睡一觉”。”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据“Next, think abut the value and cst f each chice.”可知，考虑每个选择的价值和成本，选项F“要做到这一点，你可以列出优点和缺点。”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据“Then, stay calm and give yurself sme space. Yu dn’t want t delay(延迟) fr weeks, but if yu’re abut t make a hasty(仓促的) decisin, yu may end up picking smething yu regret.”可知，拖延不好，但是仓促地做决定也不好，选项E“事情想了很久又不能及时做出决定，真是累人。”符合语境，故选E。
【40题详解】
根据“Because it’s gd t get a fresh way f thinking frm thers wh are nt as wrried as yu.”可知，因为从没有你担心的人那里得到一种新的思维方式是件好事，所以此处建议可以听听他人的意见，选项B“你不必独自做决定。”符合语境，故选B。
五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Museums play a big rle in ur sciety. They are als ____41____ imprtant classrm fr primary and secndary schl students. During hlidays, grups f yung museum guides ____42____ (see) everywhere in Changzhu Museum. Since 2011, Changzhu Museum ____43____ (carry) ut mre than 100 public training activities fr vlunteer guides.
In July, 2021, I was chsen ____44____ (be) a vlunteer guide in Changzhu Museum. ____45____ it was my first time t serve there, I didn’t knw what t d. Luckily, the teachers there gave many interesting training classes, including “Public Places and Manners”, “Red Histry and Red Culture” and s n. I was deeply tuched by the stries f ____46____ (pineer) like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei. I was impressed that they had risked ____47____ (lse) their lives t create a new China.
In the fllwing mnth,I guided hundreds f turists and did my jb ____48____ (success). This experience had a great influence ____49____ me. I knw mre abut my hmetwn and the meaning f life. I feel ____50____ (pride) f being a vlunteer guide t help mre peple learn abut Changzhu.
【答案】41. an 42. are seen
43. has carried
44 t be 45. Because##As
46. pineers
47. lsing 48. successfully
49. n 50. prud
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为常州博物馆导游的经历。
【41题详解】
句意：它们也是中小学生的重要教室。此处泛指一个教室，“imprtant”首字母发元音音素，故填an。
【42题详解】
句意：假日期间，常州博物馆里随处可见一群群年轻的导游。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，故填are seen。
【43题详解】
句意：自2011年以来，常州博物馆开展了100余次志愿者导游公共培训活动。根据“Since 2011”可知，时态应使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填has carried。
【44题详解】
句意：2021年7月，我被选为常州博物馆的志愿者导游。be chsen t be“被选为……”，故填t be。
【45题详解】
句意：因为这是我第一次在那里服务，我不知道该怎么办。“it was my first time t serve there”是“I didn’t knw what t d”的原因，用because/as引导原因状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填Because/As。
【46题详解】
句意：我被瞿秋白、张太雷等先驱者的故事深深打动了。根据“like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填pineers。
【47题详解】
句意：我对他们冒着失去生命的危险创建新中国印象深刻。risk ding“冒险做某事”，故填lsing。
【48题详解】
句意：在接下来的一个月里，我带领了数百名游客，并顺利完成了我的工作。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填successfully。
【49题详解】
句意：这段经历对我影响很大。have a/an+adj+influence n“对……有……的影响”，故填n。
【50题详解】
句意：我很自豪能成为一名志愿者导游，帮助更多的人了解常州。feel prud f“感到骄傲”，故填prud。
六、根据所给中文完成句子(共6小题;每小题15分，满分9分)
51. 这些科学家们正在为我们打开一个全新的世界。
The scientists ___________________________________________ t us.
【答案】are pening up a whle new wrld
【解析】
【详解】pen up“打开”，a whle new wrld“一个全新的世界”，根据句意可知，时态是现在进行时，主语是复数，故填are pening up a whle new wrld。
52. 汤姆，你将在什么时候展示如何进行垃圾分类？
_____________________________________ int different grups, Tm?
【答案】When are yu ging t shw us hw t separate waste
【解析】
【详解】when什么时候，be ging t d sth将要做某事，shw展示，hw t separate waste如何进行垃圾分类。故填When are yu ging t shw us hw t separate waste。
53. 女足运动员们对自己要求非常严格，所以她们取得了很大的进步。
Wmen ftball players were _____________________________________.
【答案】very strict with themselves, s they have made great prgress
【解析】
【详解】be very strict with neself“对某人自己要求非常严格”，s所以，they她们，make great prgress取得了很大的进步。根据句意可知，后半句时态是现在完成时，故填very strict with themselves, s they have made great prgress。
54. 如果你放弃，你就会落后。
Yu _____________________________________.
【答案】will fall behind, if yu give up
【解析】
【详解】fall behind落后，if如果，yu你，give up放弃。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，满足“主将从现”原则，故填will fall behind, if yu give up。
55. 西蒙，在公众场所要降低你的嗓音。
Simn, _____________________________________ in public places.
【答案】keep yur vice dwn
【解析】
【详解】keep yur vice dwn“降低你的嗓音”，此处是祈使句，用动词原形，故填keep yur vice dwn。
56. 我们的城市和他们的一样因优美的环境而闻名。
Our city _____________________________________.
【答案】is as famus fr its beautiful envirnment as theirs
【解析】
【详解】as famus “和……一样因……而闻名”，beautiful envirnment“优美的环境”，theirs“他们的”，代替their city。本句时态是一般现在时，be动词用is，故填is as famus fr its beautiful envirnment as theirs。
七、书面表达(共1题;满分15分)
57. 某中学生英文报Yur Vice栏目中有如下征文通知，请你写篇英语文章投稿，谈谈你的想法。
注意：
1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2.词数100左右；文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
I want t share my ideas abut the tpic.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
I want t share my ideas abut the tpic.
In my pinin, making friends by fllwing suit is nt wise. Because everyne is an individual, with his wn interests and persnality. S dn’t fllw the crwd and just d what ther peple like t d.
We shuld make friends with thse wh can give us help and share ur happiness and sadness. T make true friends, yu must be friendly t thers. Smile at thers and yu will get a smile in return. Yu can make friends with thse wh share the same interest with yu r thse wh are ttally different frm yu. Try t help yur friends when they are in truble because a friend in need is a friend indeed.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“交友”为话题，结合提示内容进行写作。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一、第二人称来行文，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为三段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍自己认为为了交朋友而跟风是否是明智的；第三段介绍青少年怎样才能交到真正的朋友。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
Team China’s teenage her Gu Ailing, 18, is the yungest athlete t win three medals at a Winter Olympics. The freeski player wn tw gld medals and a silver in three events.
Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusva, 17, amazed the wrld with five quadruple jumps (四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics. N ther wman has ever finished five quadruple jumps in an Olympic cmpetitin.
British wmen’s curling (冰壶) team wn the cuntry’s nly gld medal by having a 10-3 win against Japan n the last day f the Beijing Winter Olympics. This was als the cuntry’s first curling gld after 2002.
Almida de Val, a 24-year-ld Swedish IT engineer, tgether with her teammate, tk the third place in curling mixed dubles. She tk a leave frm her cmpany t take part in the Olympics.
It’s nt very easy fr teenagers t make true friends. Sme f them make friends by fllwing suit (随大流). That means they d the same as their friends, such as playing nline games r saying bad wrds behind thers, althugh they’re nt willing t.
Share yur ideas abut the tpic.
1. Is it wise t fllw suit in rder t make friends?
2. Hw can teenagers make true friends?
Dn’t frget t supprt yur ideas with yur experience as an example.