[英语]2022年江苏省盐城市中考真题英语试卷(原题版+解析版)

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第I卷（选择题，共70分）
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. Travelling t Yancheng, ________ beautiful seaside city, is a fantastic experience.
A. aB. anC. theD.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：去盐城，一个美丽的海滨城市旅行是一次奇妙的经历。
考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一个海滨城市，“beautiful”首字母发辅音音素，故选A。
2. Girls in ur class shw interest in ________. Sme like painting and thers like dancing.
A. artB. sprtsC. fashinD. literature
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们班的女生对艺术很感兴趣。有些人喜欢画画，有些人喜欢跳舞。
考查名词辨析。art艺术；sprts运动；fashin时尚；literature文学。根据“Sme like painting and thers like dancing.”可知，画画和跳舞都属于艺术范畴，故选A。
3. Lucy and Lily are twins. Even their parents find it hard t tell the differences ________ them.
A frmB. withC. betweenD. amng
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：露西和莉莉是双胞胎。甚至他们的父母也很难分辨他们之间的差异。
考查介词辨析。frm从；with和；between在两者之间；amng在三者及以上之间。根据“Lucy and Lily are twins”可知，此处是两者之间；tell the difference between“分辨……和……之间的差异”。故选C。
4. We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday ________ there is a heavy rain.
A. whetherB. unlessC. sinceD. because
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：除非下大雨，否则这个星期天我们将在公园野餐。
考查连词辨析。whether是否；unless除非；since自从；because因为。根据“We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday … there is a heavy rain.”可知，除非下雨，否则就回去野餐，故选B。
5. — Cffee r milk, Jeff?
— ________ is OK. I care little abut it.
A. BthB. NneC. EitherD. Neither
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——咖啡还是牛奶，杰夫？——两个都可以。我不太在乎。
考查代词辨析。Bth两者都；Nne三者及三者以上都不；Either两者中任一个；Neither两者都不。根据“Cffee r milk”可知，在两者中作选择，结合“…is OK. I care little abut it.”可知，两者中任意一个都行，故用Either。故选C。
6. Safety cmes first. Everyne n the cach ________ wear the seat belt.
A. canB. can’tC. mustD. mustn`t
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：安全第一。车上的每个人都必须系好安全带。
考查情态动词。can能，可以；can’t不能，不会；must必须；mustn’t禁止，不能。根据“Safety cmes first”和“wear the seat belt”可知，安全最重要，故必须系好安全带。故选C。
7. Millie ________ a lt abut sea-salt culture since she came t Yancheng.
A. learnsB. learnedC. will learnD. has learned
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：自从米莉来到盐城以来，她学到了很多关于海盐文化的知识。
考查动词时态。此处是since引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时，主句应为现在完成时，结构是have/has dne。故选D。
8. Gd news cmes that China has sent Shenzhu XIV t space ________ the unknwn wrld.
A. explreB. explredC. explringD. t explre
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：好消息来了，中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空去探索未知的世界。
考查非谓语动词。explre探索，动词原形；explred探索，动词过去式或过去分词；explring探索，动名词或现在分词；t explre探索，动词不定式。根据“China has sent Shenzhu XIV t space”和“the unknwn wrld”可知，中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空，其目的是探索未知的世界，动词不定式表目的。故选D。
9. — What shuld we take when ging birdwatching?
— Yu’d better take a pair f binculars which will help yu see mre ________.
A. quietlyB. clearlyC. plitelyD. seriusly
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我们去观鸟时应该带什么？——你最好带一副双筒望远镜，这样可以看得更清楚。
考查副词辨析。quietly安静地，平静地；clearly清楚地，清晰地；plitely礼貌地；seriusly严肃地。根据“ging birdwatching”和“take a pair f binculars”可知，去观鸟时带双筒望远镜是为了看的更清楚，“清楚地”clearly。故选B。
10. Spud Webb ________ at first because f his height, but he didn’t lse heart.
A. refusesB. refusedC. was refusedD. will be refused
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：斯普德·韦伯最初因为身高而被拒绝，但他没有灰心。
考查被动语态。主语Spud Webb与动词refuse之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，即他被拒绝，故为被动语态。结合“but he didn’t lse heart.”可知，时态是一般过去时，故为一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were dne。故选C。
11. Mr. Li ften lks up ________ infrmatin n Health Yancheng app befre ging t hspital.
A. persnalB. medicalC. natinalD. musical
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：李先生经常在去医院之前在健康盐城app上查找医疗信息。
考查形容词辨析。persnal个人的；medical医学的，医疗的；natinal国家的；musical音乐的。根据“ Yancheng app befre ging t hspital”可知，与健康相关，故选B。
12. UNICEF is part f the United Natins. It was ________ in Eurpe in 1946.
A. set upB. put upC. cut dwnD. put dwn
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：联合国儿童基金会是联合国的一部分。它于1946年在欧洲成立。
考查动词短语辨析。set up成立；put up张贴；cut dwn砍到；put dwn镇压。根据“It was… in Eurpe in 1946.”可知，此处介绍联合国儿童基金会成立的时间，故选A。
13. —Can yu tell me ________?
—Never spend t much time n screen.
A. hw we can have bright eyesB. why we shuld prtect ur eyes
C. where we can see an eye dctrD. when we shuld d eye exercises
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能拥有明亮的眼睛吗？——不要花太多时间在屏幕上。
考查宾语从句的引导词。hw如何，怎样；why为什么；where哪里；when什么时候。根据“Never spend t much time n screen”可推测出，在询问如何才能拥有明亮的眼镜，“如何，怎样”，此时应用关系副词hw引导宾语从句。故选A。
14. — Mum, t lse weight, I’ll eat less and exercise mre.
— Yu prmised many times. Remember ________.
A. a miss is as gd as a mileB. many hands make light wrk
C. the grass is always greener n the ther sideD. actins speak luder than wrds
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——妈妈，为了减肥，我要少吃多运动。——你保证过很多次了。记住，行胜于言。
考查习语。a miss is as gd as a mile失之毫厘谬以千里；many hands make light wrk众人拾柴火焰高；the grass is always greener n the ther side这山望着那山高；actins speak luder than wrds行胜于言。根据“Yu prmised many times.”可知，光说不练是没用的，行胜于言。故选D。
15. —T live a green life, we shuld d smething actively.
—________. Let’s start frm nw n.
A. Never mindB. I agreeC. It desn’t matterD. That’s all right
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——要过绿色生活，我们应该积极做一些事情。——我同意。让我们从现在开始。
考查情景交际。Never mind没关系；I agree我同意；It desn’t matter没关系；That’s all right没关系。根据“T live a green life, we shuld d smething actively”及“Let’s start frm nw n”可知，同意对方的观点，故选B。
二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
Once upn a time, there was a little sparrw. This sparrw was always n the hunt fr smething t eat and ne day he happened upn a big bean. But befre he culd ____16____ it, he had t wash his hands. He hid the bean n a bridge and flew dwn t the ____17____ belw t clean up.
“I just can’t wait fr my wnderful ____18____,” the sparrw said t himself. Then he ____19____ his way back up t the bridge. “I wn’t have t wrk fr a week!” But when he gt back t his ____20____ place, the bean was gne!
As the sparrw flew arund lking fr his lst treasure, he saw a ____21____ cming ver the bridge. “____22____ , can yu help me find my bean?” the sparrw asked. “Please, d I lk like I have time t find a tiny bean? Find it ____23____ ,” said the farmer as he walked away.
Next, the sparrw saw a sldier cming ver the bridge. He asked the sldier the ____24____ questin. “Please, little bird, I have n time fr yu,” he said and walked n. Then a minister（大臣）came walking by, but ____25____ the sparrw culd even ask, he laughed and walked away. The little bird had ____26____ given up hpe, when the king came up the bridge, riding n an elephant. The sparrw repeated his questin, but the king didn’t ____27____ him. The sparrw sat n the bridge, hungry and sad.
An ant came by. After he heard the sparrw’s stry, he went up t the elephant. “Tell the king t find that pr bird’s ____28____ , r I will g inside yur ear and bite yu!” The elephant stpped, turned t the king and said, “G help that sparrw, r I will thrw yu ff.” The king was ____29____ . He called the minister ver and the minister rdered the sldier. Then the sldier went ver t the farmer, “Find that bird’s bean, r I’ll kick yu ff this bridge!” The farmer ____30____ all day and as the sun was setting, he finally fund the bean. The sparrw was thankful, and he ate well fr the next week.
16. A. plantB. sellC. drpD. eat
17. A. hillB. riverC. treeD. frest
18. A. breakfastB. lunchC. supperD. dinner
19. A. lstB. feltC. madeD. fught
20. A. sleepingB. playingC. wrkingD. hiding
21. A. farmerB. sldierC. ministerD. king
22. A. Thank yuB. Excuse meC. I’m srryD. Cme n
23. A. myselfB. herselfC. yurselfD. himself
24. A. sameB. differentC. ppsiteD. cmmn
25. A. whileB. afterC. befreD. until
26. A. againB. almstC. alreadyD. always
27. A. get n withB. catch up withC. take ntice fD. think highly f
28. A. meatB. drinkC. fruitD. fd
29. A. scaredB. satisfiedC. excitedD. bred
30. A. regrettedB. thughtC. waitedD. searched
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇童话故事，讲述麻雀豆子失而复得的故事。
【16题详解】
句意：但在他吃之前，他必须洗手。
plant种植；sell卖；drp掉落；eat吃。根据前句“ne day he happened upn a big bean”可知，是吃豆子，故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：他把豆子藏在一座桥上，然后飞到下面的河里清理。
hill小山；river河；tree树；frest森林。根据“he had t wash his hands”可知，要洗手，所以是去河边，故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：我等不及我那美味的早餐了。
breakfast早餐；lunch午餐；supper晚餐；dinner晚餐。根据“The day and as the sun was setting”可知，找了一整天，所以麻雀打算把豆子当早餐，故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：后他回到了桥上。
lst失去；felt感觉；made制作；fught打仗。根据“Then way back up t the bridge.”可知，此处是“make ne’s way back up t sp”短语，意为“设法回到某地”，故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：但当他回到藏身之处时，豆子不见了！
sleeping睡觉；playing玩；wrking工作；hiding隐藏。根据前文“He hid the bean n a bridge”可知，把豆子藏起来了，故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：当麻雀飞来飞去寻找他丢失的财宝时，他看见一个农夫从桥上走过来。
farmer农夫；sldier军人；minister大臣；king国王。根据“said the farmer as he walked away”可知，是一位农夫，故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：打扰了，你能帮我找到我的豆子吗？
Thank yu谢谢你；Excuse me打扰；I’m srry抱歉；Cme n加油。请对方帮忙，应说“打扰了”，故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：你自己去找吧。
myself我自己；herself她自己；yurself你自己；himself他自己。根据“Find it...”可知，农夫让麻雀自己找，故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：他问士兵同样的问题。
same相同的；different不同的；ppsite对立的；cmmn共同的。联系上下文，麻雀问了相同的问题，故选A。
【25题详解】
句意：这时，一位大臣从旁边走过，但麻雀还没来得及问，他就笑着走开了。
while当……时；after在……之后；befre在……之前；until直到。根据“ sparrw culd even ask, he laughed and walked away”可知，麻雀还没开口，大臣就笑着走开了，故选C。
【26题详解】
句意：就在小鸟几乎放弃希望的时候，国王骑着一头大象上了桥。
again再；almst几乎；already已经；always总是。根据“The little bird up hpe”和前文可知，没人愿意帮助麻雀，他几乎放弃希望了，故选B。
【27题详解】
句意：但是国王并没有注意到他。
get n with和……相处；catch up with赶上；take ntice f注意；think highly f高度评价。根据“but the king didn’”可知，国王没注意到麻雀，故选C。
【28题详解】
句意：告诉国王去找那只可怜的鸟的食物，否则我就钻进你的耳朵里咬你！
meat肉；drink饮料；fruit水果；fd食物。豆子是麻雀的食物，故选D。
【29题详解】
句意：国王很害怕。
scared害怕的；satisfied满意的；excited激动的；bred无聊的。根据“G help that sparrw, r I will thrw yu ff.”可知，大象威胁要把国王仍下去，所以国王很害怕，故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：农夫找了一整天，当太阳落山时，他终于找到了豆子。
regretted后悔；thught认为；waited等待；searched搜寻。根据“The day and as the sun was setting, he finally fund the bean.”可知，农夫找了一整天才找到豆子，故选D。
三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
（一）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
The Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Perid was an age f great culture develpment in China. Here are sme great characters f that time.
31. Why did Shang Yang make a prmise befre the refrm?
A. T give peple a reward.B. T sell the lg at the market.
C. T fix the gate f the building.D. T make peple believe him.
32. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the article?
A. Lu Ban was an ancient inventr.B. Zhng Ziqi was gd at playing guqin.
C. Li Bing was an expert in building huses.D. Bian Que nce made a dead persn back t life.
33. What’s the main theme（主题）f the article abve?
A. Famus peple.B. Chinese medicine.C. Traditinal music.D. Imprtant inventins.
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了春秋战国时期的几位著名人物。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Befre the refrm, he placed a lg（原木）at the gate and prmised…Shang Yang really gave him a reward.”可知，商鞅要进行变法改革，势必要先行获取民众的信任，在变法之前他将许下的奖赏兑现，成功取得了民众的信任。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“D yu knw Lu Ban lck?…He als invented many tls and weapns（武器）.”可知，鲁班发明了鲁班锁，还发明了许多工具和武器，故可推知他是一位古代的发明家。故选A。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“Here are sme great characters f that time.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了商鞅、鲁班、李冰、扁鹊、伯牙和钟子期几位著名春秋战国时期的人物。故选A。
B
One teacher praises a student by saying “Yu’re s smart!” Anther teacher says “Yu must have wrked really hard at this!” Which student des better in schl? Studies shw that students wh hear the wrds f the secnd teacher will d better. Thse students are learning that their effrt is imprtant.
Psychlgists（心理学家）lked at what students did after they were given different types f praise. Sme students were tld that they were gd at a task. They didn’t try very hard the next time. Other students were tld that they had wrked hard at a task. They wrked even harder the next time. The first grup f students was learning that they had a set amunt f skill. They didn’t think they culd d any better. This is called a fixed mindset（思维模式）. The secnd grup was learning that they culd d better if they kept trying. This is called a grwth mindset. Peple wh have a grwth mindset believe that the brain can grw; peple can d better and learn new skills. If they wrk hard, they can be successful.
Hw can teachers and parents help students succeed? They can fcus mainly n effrt and nt simply n ability. When students succeed, teachers and parents shuld praise the actual wrk rather than intelligence（智力）r talent. When students fail, they shuld be tld hw they can d better. Teachers, parents and students need t value effrt, nt intelligence.
34. What kind f peple have fewer chances t succeed accrding t the article?
A. Peple with a grwth mindset.B. Peple with a fixed mindset.
C. Peple wh ften learn frm challenges.D. Peple wh ften learn frm mistakes.
35. Frm the frm we can knw peple with a grwth mindset cnsider challenges as ________.
A. things they’re brn withB. things they need t avid
C. things that help them learnD. things that stp them imprving
36. Hw des the writer rganize the ideas in the article?
A. By telling stries.B. By listing numbers.
C. By drawing mind maps.D. By cmparing facts.
【答案】34. B 35. C 36. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了固定型思维和成长型思维的区别，告诉我们应该更注重后天努力，而不是与生俱来的智力才能。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Sme students were tld that they were gd at a task. They didn’t try very hard the next time”及“The first grup f students was learning that they had a set amunt f skill. They didn’t think they culd d any better. This is called a fixed mindset（思维模式）.”可知，文章介绍了拥有固定型思维模式的学生在面对一项任务时，如果受到了夸赞表扬，那么下一次他们就不会再继续努力了，故可推知拥有固定型思维的人获得成功的机会较小。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据表格最后一行Challenges中“Things that help yu learn”可知，拥有成长型思维的人会把挑战视为可以帮助他们学习的事情。故选C。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Psychlgists（心理学家）lked at what students did after they were given different types f praise. Sme students were tld that they were gd at a task. They didn’t try very hard the next time. Other students were tld that they had wrked hard at a task. They wrked even harder the next time.”可知，文章第二段介绍了两组不同的学生在接受不同表扬后的行为表现，说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同；故文章通过对比事实来组织文章中心思想。故选D。
C
Maggie, Travis and Lucy’s science teacher set a special test fr them. They had t wrk ut different kinds f prblems within limited time t get ut f a lcked rm.
Fr the past hur, Maggie, Travis and Lucy had been lcked inside a rm decrated like a mad scientist’s labratry. Tgether they decded（破译）a secret language and slved a difficult maths prblem.
The last challenge, hwever, stpped them. The key t the dr was trapped in a blck f ice.
“We have t melt the ice,” Lucy said.
“But there’s nthing ht here!” Maggie cmplained.
Travis pulled ff his sweatshirt and wrapped（裏）it arund the ice. “This keeps me warm,” he reasned.
A few minutes passed by, but the ice didn’t melt.
“Isn’t clth an insulatr（隔热材料）?” Lucy asked. She tried t remember what she had learned in science class. “Heat always flws frm warm bjects t cld nes. The heat in the air will eventually melt the ice, but we need t find smething that will help heat mve frm the air t the ice mre quickly.”
“What abut glass?” Maggie asked.
“Glass is als an insulatr. It keeps heat frm mving,” Lucy said. Then she nticed a large metal tray（金属托盘）acrss the rm. “This might wrk!”
Lucy put the blck f ice nt the tray. Everybdy’s eyes mved between the clck and the ice. Wuld they be able t free the key in time?
At last, the key lay in the water n the tray. The three friends rushed ut f the rm in the last minute.
“We made it!” Travis cheered. “Gd thing yu paid attentin in science class!”
37. What final challenge did the three friends need t cmplete?
A. T slve a maths prblem.B. T learn a secret language.
C. T find their science teacher.D. T get the key trapped in ice.
38. What des Travis mean by saying “This keeps me warm”?
A. His sweatshirt can help melt the ice.B. He dislikes his sweatshirt.
C. His sweatshirt is f gd quality.D. He wants t take ff his sweatshirt.
39. What des the underlined wrd “eventually” prbably mean?
A. carefullyB. suddenlyC. finallyD. prperly
40. What’s the best title fr the stry?
A. Changing Ice int WaterB. Decrating the Labratry
C. Running away frm the RmD. Preparing fr a Science Class
【答案】37. D 38. A 39. C 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛吉、特拉维斯和露西在科学老师的安排下，在一间上了锁的房间，利用学过的科学知识突破重重关卡，最终走出房间的故事。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The last challenge, hwever, stpped them. The key t the dr was trapped in a blck f ice.”可知，孩子们遇到的最后一个挑战是拿到被冻在冰里的钥匙。故选D。
【38题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“We have t melt the ice”及“Travis pulled ff his sweatshirt and wrapped（裏）it arund the ice. ‘This keeps me warm,’ he reasned.”可知，孩子们想找热的东西来融化冰，特拉维斯脱下了自己的运动衫，他强调这件运动衫可以让自己保持暖和，意在说明这件运动衫同样也可以让冰“暖和”，可以帮助融化冰。故选A。
【39题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Heat always flws frm warm bjects t cld nes. The heat in the air will eventually melt the ice”可知，热量总是从温暖的物体流向寒冷的物体，空气中的热量最终会融化冰，划线部分单词意为“最终地”，与finally同义。故选C。
【40题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“They had t wrk ut different kinds f prblems within limited time t get ut f a lcked rm.”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了三个小伙伴利用自己学过的知识突破重重关卡，最终成功走出上锁房间的故事，故“Running away frm the Rm”可作为本文标题。故选C。
D
He was an ld man wh fished alne in a bat and he had gne eighty-fur days nw withut taking a fish. In the first frty days a by had been with him. But after frty days withut a fish, the by’s parents had tld him that the ld man was nw exactly and finally sala, which is the wrst frm f unlucky, and the by had gne at their rders in anther bat which caught three gd fish the first week.
It made the by sad t see the ld man cme in each day with his bat empty and be always went dwn t help him carry fishing tls.
The ld man was thin with deep wrinkles(皱纹)in the back f his neck. His hands had the deep scars(疤)frm dealing with heavy fish. But nne f these scars were fresh.
Everything abut him was ld except his eyes and they were the same clur as the sea and were cheerful and full f cnfidence.
“Santiag,” the by said t him as they climbed frm the bank where the bat was pulled up. “I culd g with yu again. We’ve made sme mney.”
The ld man had taught the by t fish and the by lved him. “N.” the ld man said. “Yu’re with a lucky bat. Stay with them.”
“But remember hw yu went eighty-seven days withut fish and then we caught big nes every day fr three weeks.”
“I remember,” the ld man said. “I knw yu did nt leave me willingly.”
“It was papa made me leave. I am a by and I must d what he tld me t.”
“I knw.” the ld man said. “I quite understand that.”
“He hasn’t much faith(信念).”
“N.” the ld man said. “But we have. Haven’t we?”
“Yes.” the by said. “Can I ffer yu a beer n the Terrace and then we’ll take the fishing tls hme.”
“Why nt?” the ld man said. “Between fishermen.”
They sat n the Terrace and many f the fishermen made fun f the ld man and he was nt angry. Sme ther lder fishermen lked at him and were sad. But they didn’t shw it and they spke plitely abut the sea, the weather and f what they had seen.
41. Hw many days did the ld man g fishing with the by accrding t Paragraph 1?
A. Frty.B. Frty-fur.C. Eighty-fur.D. Eighty-seven.
42. What des the underlined wrd “that” refer t?
A. The by wuld leave him sner r later.
B. The by had t listen t his parents and left him.
C. He culdn’t catch fish because he was t ld.
D. He culdn’t succeed withut the by’s supprt.
43. What is the right rder f the stry abut the by in the passage?
①The ld man caught sme big fish with the by.
②The ld man taught the by hw t fish n the sea.
③The by wanted t g fishing with the ld man again.
④The by helped the ld man take the fishing tls hme.
A. ①④③②B. ②①③④C. ②③④①D. ③④①②
44. What can we learn frm the last paragraph f the stry?
A. The ld man liked t make fun f ther fishermen.
B. The ld man ften prvided beer fr ther fishermen.
C. All fishermen laughed at the ld man except the by.
D. Sme fishermen felt sad fr the ld man and tried t help him.
45. Frm the stry we can knw that the ld man was _________.
A. a man wh ften shwed ffB. a man wh never gave up
C. a man wh smetimes gt angryD. a man wh seldm stayed calm
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. B 44. D 45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文节选自《老人与海》，讲述一位在海上捕鱼的老人与一个小男孩之间的故事。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In the first frty days a by had been with him”可知，在开始的40天里，小男孩跟着老人一起捕鱼，故填A。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“I knw yu did nt leave me willingly”及“It was papa made me leave. I am a by and I must d what he tld me t”可知，老人理解这个小男孩必须要听父亲的话并离开他，故选B。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段可知，这位老人教小男孩如何钓鱼，并且他们钓了一些鱼；根据“I culd g with yu again”可知，这个小男孩想重新跟回这位老人；根据“Can I ffer yu a beer n the Terrace and then we’ll take the fishing tls hme”可知，小男孩帮着老人把钓鱼工具拿回家，所以正确的排序是：②①③④，故选B。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Sme ther lder fishermen lked at him and were sad. But they didn’t shw it and they spke plitely abut the sea, the weather and f what they had seen.”可推断，有些渔民看着这位老人感到很难过，但他们没有表现出来，他们想用别的方式来帮助他，故选D。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，这位老人独自在海上钓鱼，在一段时间里并没有钓到鱼，但他并没有放弃，也没有气馁，也不在乎别人对他的嘲笑，继续坚持自己的信念，由此可知他是一个不会轻易放弃的人，故选B。
阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。
Nature is full f great ideas. ___46___
Many blind peple use canes t mve arund. They tap their canes n the grund in frnt f them t feel if anything is in their way. One amazing inventin was a new cane t help blind peple. It helps them mve arund mre safely. This inventin was an idea frm bats. ___47___ These signals（信号）are almst the same as the bats use when they fly.
Hw bats get arund
Bats make sunds when they fly at night. Peple cannt hear these sunds, but they help bats fly in the dark. Bats send sund waves ut f their muth r nse. These sund waves hit bjects arund them. Then they cme back as an ech. The ech tells bats hw far away things like trees are. ___48___
An amazing idea
The scientist wh invented the new cane watched hw bats fly. ___49___ He added smething that sends and receives sund waves. Finally, he tested the cane. It wrked!
___50___
The cane sends ut signals. When an ech is sent back, the cane’s handle vibrates（振动）. This helps the persn hlding the cane knw hw far away an bject is. They will als knw hw big the bject is.
This cane shws that great ideas really can cme frm nature.
A. Hw the cane wrks
B. Then he built a lightweight cane.
C. It als helps them knw where t find fd t eat.
D. The cane wrks by sending ut sund waves r signals.
E. Peple will get mre new ideas frm the bats and ther animals.
F. Sme inventrs get ideas frm nature t make sme useful things.
【答案】46. F 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款利用蝙蝠在夜间飞行的原理制作的手杖。
【46题详解】
根据“Nature is full f great ideas.”可知，此处介绍大自然充满许多伟大的想法，利用这些想法，人们可以做些什么。故“一些发明家从大自然中获得灵感，制造出一些有用的东西。”符合语境。故选F。
【47题详解】
根据“These signals（信号）are almst the same as the bats use when they fly.”可知，此处介绍手杖的工作原理，即发出信号。故“手杖的工作原理是发出声波或信号。”符合语境。故选D。
【48题详解】
根据“The ech tells bats hw far away things like trees are.”可知，此处介绍蝙蝠发出的声波形成的回声对蝙蝠的作用。故“它还帮助它们知道在哪里可以找到食物吃。”符合语境。故选C。
【49题详解】
根据“The scientist wh invented the new cane watched hw bats fly.…He added smething that sends and receives sund waves. Finally, he tested the cane. It wrked!”可知，此处介绍这款新手杖是怎样被发明的，即它的发明过程。故“然后他造了一根轻便的手杖。”符合语境。故选B。
【50题详解】
根据“The cane sends ut signals. When an ech is sent back, the cane’s handle vibrates（振动）. ”可知，此处具体介绍了手杖是如何工作的。故“手杖是如何工作的”符合语境。故选A。
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共50分）
四、阅读并回答问题（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
Hand gestures have been cmmnly used in ur daily cmmunicatin. They add t the message by filling in what wrds smetimes leave behind. But are yu aware f the histry that ges behind sme f these ppular hand gestures? Prbably nt. Unsurprisingly, each f them has its special histry.
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。
51 What was handshake used as in ancient Greece?
____________________________________________
52. What kind f sprt des the high five gesture cme frm?
____________________________________________
53. Why d peple have a high five with thers?
____________________________________________
54. Which gesture d basketball players usually prefer?
____________________________________________
55. What is the passage mainly abut?
____________________________________________
【答案】51. It was used as a way t shw peace.
52. It cmes frm baseball.
53. Because they entered the final cmpetitin r wn a debate.
54. The fist bump.
55. It is mainly abut special histries f three hand gestures.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史。
【51题详解】
根据“ The handshake dates back t ancient Greece where it was used as a way t shw peace.”可知，握手在古希腊被用来表示和平，故填It was used as a way t shw peace.
【52题详解】
根据“Accrding t sme surces, the high five first became ppular when baseball players perfrmed at Ddger Stadium n Octber 2, 1977”可知，来自于棒球，故填It cmes frm baseball.
【53题详解】
根据“Whether yu entered the final cmpetitin r wn a debate（辩论）, yu were prbably given r received a high five befre”可知，因为人们进入了决赛或赢得了辩论，故填Because they entered the final cmpetitin r wn a debate.
【54题详解】
根据“ Later, instead f shaking hands, fist bumps became ppular amng basketball players”可知，篮球运动会通常更喜欢撞拳这个手势，故填The fist bump.
【55题详解】
通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史，故填It is mainly abut special histries f three hand gestures.
五、词汇（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
（一）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词，完成句子。
56. The temperature begins t ________（上升）when spring cmes.
【答案】rise
【解析】
【详解】句意：春天来了，气温开始上升。根据“begins t”可知，空格处应用动词原形，结合“The temperature”可知，表示温度“上升”，应用动词rise。故填rise。
57. Drive ________（径直地）n, and yu’ll find Sunshine Park n yur left.
【答案】straight
【解析】
【详解】句意：开车直行，你会发现阳光公园在你的左边。straight表示“径直地”，副词，此处用副词作状语。故填straight。
58. Everyne in ur class believes what Mary says because she is ________（诚实的）.
【答案】hnest
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们班上每个人都相信玛丽说的话，因为她很诚实。hnest“诚实的”，在句中作表语，故填hnest。
59. Fishing in Snw, written by Liu Zngyuan, is ne f my favurite ________（诗歌）.
【答案】pems
【解析】
【详解】句意：柳宗元的《江雪》是我最喜欢的诗歌之一。pem“诗歌”，ne f后加名词复数形式，故填pems。
60. We like t play by quiet streams r ________（在……下面）the tall trees while camping.
【答案】under
【解析】
【详解】句意：露营时，我们喜欢在安静的小溪边或高大的树下玩耍。结合句意和“the tall trees”可知，空格处应用一个介词，“在……下”的英文表达为under。故填under。
（二）根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。
61. Students nw have less hmewrk and ________（much）spare time.
【答案】mre
【解析】
【详解】句意：现在学生的作业少了，业余时间多了。根据less可知，此空应填much的比较级形成对比的关系，故填mre。
62. Grandpa is in his ________ (ninety), but he is still willing t learn new things.
【答案】nineties
【解析】
【详解】句意：虽然爷爷已经九十几岁了，但他仍然愿意学习新东西。ninety“九十”，基数词。根据“in his”可知，in ne’s+基数词复数“在某人……岁时”，故此处应用ninety的复数形式，由于其是以辅音字母+y结尾，故变复数时，是变y为i加es。故填nineties。
63. Everyne’s small acts f ________（kind）can make a big difference t the wrld.
【答案】kindness
【解析】
【详解】句意：每个人的小小善举都能给世界带来巨大的改变。根据“small acts f ”可知，此处指小小善举，kindness“善良”，不可数名词，故填kindness。
64. The Milu deer live ________（cmfrtable）and freely in Dafeng Nature Reserve.
【答案】cmfrtably
【解析】
【详解】句意：麋鹿在大丰自然保护区舒适自由地生活。cmfrtable“舒服的”，形容词，此处用其副词形式，修饰动词live。故填cmfrtably。
65. Cheer up! It desn’t matter wh wins because playing ftball ________（it）is great fun.
【答案】itself
【解析】
【详解】句意：振作起来！谁赢并不重要，因为踢足球本身就很有趣。此空作主语的同位语，用反身代词itself，故填itself。
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
I grew up in the cuntryside. At arund 10 years ld, I began t learn cking. The first skill I mastered was making dugh（面团）. Since my parents ften came hme l____66____, a prepared dugh wuld help my family have supper sner. I thught it wuld be e____67____ because I ften saw my mum d it — just mix water and flur, right? Nt quite! It turned ut t be a m____68____ fr a while. First I made the dugh t sft. Then I made it t hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f____69____ in lve with cking. It’s a gd way t relax. Mre imprtantly, thanks t my cking skill, I live better d____70____ the COVID-19 pandemic. Nw wrking at hme, I ck every meal instead f rdering takeut. It s___71___ mney and I dn’t have t wait fr delivery drivers t feed me.
Besides cking, I did a lt f f____72____ wrk in my childhd. I gt t knw hw t plant vegetables. T___73___ it was hard wrk, the experience taught me things that many f my friends still dn’t knw. Fr example, the part f a ptat that has spruts（芽）can be planted as a seed. I nce discussed this with my friends frm the city. They thught it was a p____74____ that they didn’t have the chance t learn these things in their lives.
Sme might say we can learn these things frm textbks. But it can’t cmpare t the j____75____ f learning firsthand, watching plants blssm and grw. It brings a new way t lk at the wrld.
【答案】66. (l)ate
67. (e)asy 68. (m)ess
69. (f)ell 70. (d)uring
71. (s)aves
72. (f)arm 73. (T)hugh
74. (p)ity 75. (j)y
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在乡下长大的经历让他受益颇深，一方面从小练习的烹饪让他在疫情期间过的更好，也节省了钱。另一方面，小时候做的农活教会了他许多知识，也带给了他许多城市朋友没有机会体验到快乐。
【66题详解】
句意：因为我的父母经常回家晚，一个准备好的面团可以帮助我的家人早点吃晚饭。根据“a prepared dugh wuld help my family have supper sner”可推测出，我的父母回家晚，“晚，迟”结合首字母可知，其英文表达为late，根据“Since my parents ften came hme”可知，空格处应用副词原级，即late。故填(l)ate。
【67题详解】
句意：我以为这很容易，因为我经常看到我妈妈做——只是把水和面粉混合，对吗？根据“because I ften saw my mum d it — just mix water and flur, right”可知，我认为很简单，根据“it wuld be”可知，空格处为形容词，故“简单的”easy。故填(e)asy。
【68题详解】
句意：结果一会儿之后是一团糟。根据“First I made the dugh t sft. Then I made it t hard”可知，并不如想象中那么简单，故可推测出，结果是一团糟，由“a”可知，空格处为一个名词，结合首字母m，可推测出为mess“杂乱，混乱局面”。故填(m)ess。
【69题详解】
句意：后来，我做了炸菜和饺子之类的东西，我爱上了烹饪。根据“It’s a gd way t relax”和“in lve with”可知，我爱上了烹饪，“爱上”fall in lve with，根据“cked”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故此处应用fall的过去式fell。故填(f)ell。
【70题详解】
句意：更重要的是，多亏了我的厨艺，我在新冠病毒疫情流行期间生活得更好了。根据“I live better”和“the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，是在新冠病毒疫情期间，我过的更好了，“在……期间”结合所给首字母d可知，其英文表达为during。故填(d)uring。
【71题详解】
句意：这样既省钱又不用等送货员来给我送食物。根据“I ck every meal instead f rdering takeut”和“mney”可知，每顿饭我都自己做而不是叫外卖，故可以省钱，“节约，节省”save，根据“dn’t”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，由“It”可知，句子主语为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用save的三单形式saves。故填(s)aves。
【72题详解】
句意：除了做饭，我小时候还干过很多农活。结合后文和“I gt t knw hw t plant vegetables”可知，我还干过很多农活。“农活”的英文表达为farm wrk，故空格处应填farm。故填(f)arm。
【73题详解】
句意：尽管工作很辛苦，但这段经历教会了我许多朋友至今仍不知道的东西。根据“it was hard wrk”和“the experience taught me things that many f my friends still dn’t knw”可知，空格处为一个让步状语从句，此时常用althugh或thugh引导，结合所给首字母T，故此处应用Thugh。故填(T)hugh。
【74题详解】
句意：他们认为这是一个遗憾，他们没有机会在他们的生活中学习这些东西。根据“a”可知，空格处应用一个名词，由“they didn’t have the chance t learn these things in their lives”可推测出，他们为此而觉得遗憾，“遗憾”pity。故填(p)ity。
【75题详解】
句意：但它无法与亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐相比。根据“the”和“f”可知，空格处应用一个名词，根据“Sme might say we can learn these things frm textbks. But”可知，空格所在句子想表达“亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐”，“快乐”jy。故填(j)y
六、书面表达（满分20分）
76. 学校英语俱乐部将组织题为“One Thing I will D fr ________”的征文比赛。请根据提示，写一篇短文参赛，分享你将为朋友、家人、学校或社会做的一件事。
注意事项：
（1）补全题目，如“my friend, my parents, ur schl”等；
（2）文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
（3）词数：100左右（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
（4）文章必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
One Thing I will D fr ________
I have made great prgress in the past three years. Nw I want t d ne thing fr_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
One Thing I will D fr My Parents
I have made great prgress in the past three years. Nw I want t d ne thing fr my parents.
I want t make a breakfast fr my parents. I’m ging t the supermarket n Saturday afternn t buy what I need fr breakfast. Then, the next mrning I will get up early s as nt t wake my parents. I will make my mther’s favrite sandwiches and cffee. My father likes t eat tmat beef ndles fr breakfast, I will learn hw t ck n my phne. Make sure they can have a delicius breakfast after getting up.
I have had this idea in my heart fr many years, but I never get the chance t d it. In the past few years, my parents always gt up early t prepare breakfast fr me. It is their lve and supprt that make me better, s I want t return them with the same lve. I lve them.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为话题作文；
②时态：根据情景综合运用各种时态，注意主谓保持一致性；
③提示：文章写作要点已给出，注意将作文标题补充完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步，首先介绍自己想为谁做一件事；
第二步，具体阐述自己想做什么事，以及怎样做这件事；
第三步，阐述自己为什么想做这件事。
[亮点词汇]
①want t d sth.想要做某事
②get up起床
③make sure确保
④prepare sth. fr sb.为某人准备某物
[高分句型]
①I’m ging t the supermarket n Saturday afternn t buy what I need fr breakfast. （what引导的宾语从句）
②It is their lve and supprt that make me better（It is+被强调部分+that+其他）Shang Yang refrmed many fields. Befre the refrm, he placed a lg（原木）at the gate and prmised, “If smene can mve the lg, he will get a reward.” N ne believed him until smene mved the lg, Shang Yang really gave him a reward.
D yu knw Lu Ban lck? It is a remvable ty. Lu Ban made it fr his sn. His sn studied all night befre pening it. He als invented many tls and weapns（武器）.
Li Bing was an expert in water prjects. He set up many water prjects. Dujiangyan is the mst famus. It made water helpful t the peple.
Once, an fficial fell uncnscius（昏迷的）. Everyne thught he was dead except Bian Que. Bian Que felt his weak pulse and said. “He will wake up in three days.” Tw days later, the fficial wke up. Everyne was amazed.
When B Ya played, even the hrses lked up, listened t his music and stpped eating. B Ya’s friend, Zhng Ziqi, understd his music. They liked each ther. After Ziqi died, B Ya brke his guqin and never played it any mre.
Beliefs f Fixed and Grwth Mindsets
Fixed Mindset
Grwth Mindset
Things yu’re brn with that cannt change
Things yu can grw and imprve with hard wrk
Smething t avid—culd shw lack f skill
Smething imprtant—leads t success
Things t avid—in case yu aren’t gd enugh
Things that help yu learn
Handshake
Whether yu’re greeting smene fr the first time, r successfully reaching an agreement, shaking hands is usually the g-t gesture. Wh decided n this gesture, anyway? The handshake dates back t ancient Greece where it was used as a way t shw peace.
High Five
Whether yu entered the final cmpetitin r wn a debate（辩论）, yu were prbably given r received a high five befre. Accrding t sme surces, the high five first became ppular when baseball players perfrmed at Ddger Stadium n Octber 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, ne f the players, lifted his arm high abve his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker t celebrate a victry, marking what is widely cnsidered as the first recrd f a high five.
The Fist Bump
The fist bump cmes frm bxers（拳击手）in the 1970s after peple cpied hw they tuched glves befre a cmpetitin. Later, instead f shaking hands, fist bumps became ppular amng basketball players. The gesture sn spread t all basketball lvers.
1. What will yu d?
2. Hw will yu d it?
3. Why d yu chse t d it?
…