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外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature精品同步训练题
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这是一份外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature精品同步训练题，文件包含Unit6AtonewithnatureDevelopingideaswriting分层练习原卷版docx、Unit6AtonewithnatureDevelopingideaswriting分层练习解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共14页， 欢迎下载使用。
分层练习
语言知识
一、（2024·高一课时练习）单项选择
1．The yung mther tells everyne that she has a clever by ______ she is prud.
A．f him B．wh C．f whm D．that
2．On her birthday, she received a nice present frm her parents _______ a nte was attached, saying “We lve yu s much.”
A．frm which B．t which C．in which D．by which
3．The building was designed t shw the cnnectin between nature and the mdern city envirnment ________ it sits.
A．that B．in that C．which D．in which
4．We saw a flck f sparrws and Dad said that they had a wide ________ thrughut the cuntry.
A．distributin B．pssessin C．prfessin D．platfrm
5．Histry dcuments the lng-term vigur and success f multicultural grups ________peple frm numerus and varius cultural backgrunds live and wrk tgether.
A．which B．whse C．in which D．f which
【答案】
1．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位年轻的母亲告诉大家，她有一个她为之感到骄傲的聪明的男孩。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“by”，指人，“be prud f…”意为“为……感到骄傲”，将先行词带入从句后作介词“f”的宾语，故应用“介词f +关系代词whm”引导从句，故空格处应填“f whm”。故选C项。
2．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在她生日那天，她收到了父母送给她的一份精美的礼物，上面有一张纸条，写着“我们非常爱你。”句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为present（礼物），根据从句中的was attached可知，先行词作be attached t的宾语，将t提到从句句首，其后用关系代词which指代先行词。故选B项。
3．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该建筑旨在展示自然和它所处的现代城市环境之间的联系。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the mdern city envirnment，介词in+which引导从句，关系代词which替代先行词。the mdern city envirnment in which it sits意为“它所处的现代城市环境”。故选D项。
4．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。A. distributin分布，分发；B. pssessin拥有，持有；C. prfessin职业；D. platfrm平台。结合空后的“thrughut the cuntry”可知，此处指它们分布在全国各地。故选A项。
5．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：历史记录了多元文化群体的长期活力和成功，来自众多不同文化背景的人在其中生活和工作。句中先行词为grups，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where或介词in which引导。故选C。
二、（2024·高一课时练习）词性转换
1．vercme vt.&vi.克服，战胜；受到……的极大影响→ ________使某人受不了……，被……击跨
2．cncern n.担心；关心vt.与……有关；涉及→ ________prep.关于
3．cnstruct vt.建设；修建→ ________n.建造；建设
4．prtect… frm/against…保护……不受……（危害）→ ________n.保护→ ________adj.保护的，防护的
5．wander vi.&&n.漫游；闲逛；游荡→ ________n.流浪者→ ________n.奇迹；惊奇 v.感到诧异；想知道
6．lcate v. 确定……的位置→ ________adj.处于，位于 ________n.位置
【答案】
1．be vercme by…##be vercme with… 2．Cncerning 3．cnstructin
4． prtectin prtective 5． wanderer wnder
6． lcated lcatin
【解析】
1．vercme“克服，战胜”，动词，相关表达be vercme by/with，表示“使某人受不了……，被……击跨”。故填be vercme by…##be vercme with…。
2．cncern“担心；关心；与……有关；涉及”，名词或动词，其介词形式为cncerning“关于”。故填cncerning。
3．cnstruct“建设；修建”，动词，其名词形式为cnstructin“建造；建设”。故填cnstructin。
4．prtect… frm/against…“保护……不受……（危害）”，其中prtect“保护”，动词，其名词形式为prtectin“保护”，其形容词形式为prtective“保护的，防护的”。故填①prtectin②prtective。
5．wander “漫游；闲逛；游荡”，动词和名词，其名词wanderer“流浪者”，另有一个形近词wnder作名词，表示“奇迹；惊奇” ；作动词，表示“感到诧异；想知道”，。故填①wanderer②wnder。
6．lcate“确定……的位置“，动词，其形容词形式lcated“处于，位于”，名词形式lcatin“位置”。故填①lcated②lcatin。
三、（2024·高一课时练习）完成句子
1．This is the ring ________________.这就是她花了一千美元买的戒指。
2．I will never frget the year ________________.我永远不会忘了我们乐队成立的那一年。
3．This is the iPad ________________.这就是我花了三千元买的iPad.
4．They visited the city ________________.他们参观了约翰·丹佛出生的那个城市。
5．I dn’t like the way ________________.我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。
6．Peple’s skin acts as a b________ against disease, pisns and the sun’s harmful rays. (根据首字母单词拼写)
7．Our tp ________ (头等大事) is t imprve standards. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
8．If yu finish reading the bk, (放回原处） it n the shelf, please.
9．These are gd c_______ (渠道) thrugh which yu can make yur vice heard.
10．As we parked by the radside, the heavy trucks kept t______ (轰隆隆地快速移动) past. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】
1．n which she spent 1, 000 dllars
【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。分析可知，空白处要用定语从句。固定短语：spend mney n sth.“在某物上花钱”，结合汉语提示，表示“她花1000美元买了戒指”用she spent 1000 dllars n the ring.句中ring为先行词，作介词n的宾语，所以可以用n which来引导定语从句，故填n which she spent 1, 000 dllars.
2．when/in which ur band started
【详解】考查定语从句。结合句意可知，缺少“我们乐队成立”，使用定语从句修饰先行词the year，且先行词在从句中作状语，用when或in which引导，从句主语是ur band，公司成立是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词是started。故填when/in which ur band started。
n which I spent 3, 000 yuan
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“在上我花了三千元”，可用定语从句修饰iPad，“在上花多少钱”是固定短语spend sme mney n sth.，“三千元”是3, 000 yuan，“花钱”是过去的动作，因此时态用一般过去时，定语从句用“介词+which”来引导，因此空格处翻译为n which I spent 3, 000 yuan。故填n which I spent 3, 000 yuan。
4．where/in which Jhn Denver was brn
【详解】考查定语从句。结合句意可知缺少“约翰·丹佛出生的”，使用定语从句修饰先行词 the city ，且先行词在从句中作状语，用where或in which引导，从句主语是Jhn Denver，第三人称单数，结合主句的visited，可知时态是一般过去时，所以“出生”用was brn。故填where/in which Jhn Denver was brn。
5．(that/in which) yu speak t yur parents
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。 speak t sb.和某人讲话。句中先行词为the way，在定语从句中作状语。引导定语从句可用关系代词that，也可用in which，或什么都不用。根据主句时态可知，用一般现在时。故填(that/in which) yu speak t yur parents。
6．barrier
【详解】考查名词。句意：人的皮肤是抵御疾病、毒素和太阳有害射线的屏障。根据单词首字母以及句意“屏障”可知应填名词barrier，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填barrier。
7．pririty
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的首要任务是提高标准。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为pririty；设空处在句中作主语，应用名词的形式，根据谓语is，可知设空处应用名词单数的形式。故填pririty。
8．replace
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你看完这本书，请把它放回到架子上。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为replace“放回原处”；分析句子的结构可知，本句是一个复合句，后面的主句是一个祈使句，所以把动词原形放在句首。故填replace。
9．channels
【详解】考查名词。句意：通过这些好的渠道，你可以让别人听到你的声音。根据汉语提示“渠道”和首字母“c”可知，此处为名词channel作表语，该句主语是these，此处应用名词复数形式，故填channels。
10．thundering
【详解】考查动词。句意：当我们把车停在路边时，重型卡车轰隆隆地快速驶过。根据中英文提示可知，此处应用动词thunder，固定短语keep ding sth.“一直做某事”。故填thundering。
知识应用
（2022-2023学年下学期·福建福州·高一期末）阅读理解
Lawrence Ganti frm the US has lived in Switzerland, Japan, and India. When his wrk with Merck, a cmpany that develps treatments fr many f the wrld’s mst challenging diseases, first tk him t Japan, he was struck by hw cmfrtable his Japanese c-wrkers were with silence. During meetings in the US, peple are usually uneasy with quiet and fill a quiet perid with talk. Nt s in Japan. “Yu dn’t break the silence unless yu have smething imprtant t say,” says Ganti. Surprisingly, when he next lived in India, he fund cnversatins were typically lively, lud and full f interruptins(打岔). “Silence is never expected,” he says.
The Japanese value the building f trust and relatinships, Ganti adds. In Japan, nthing might be achieved in the first meeting, and n real prgress may be made until the parties sit dwn fr a lunch r dinner. Ganti remembers greeting freigners wh flew t Japan with the intentin f hlding their meeting and flying ut that same day. “It’s just a half-hur discussin,” they tld him. He replied, “That half-hur discussin wn’t g anywhere.”
Cyrus Saburi frm New Jersey, the US, had similar experiences in the Middle East. He lives in Bahrain, where he wrks fr American Express Middle East. “Meetings can require persnal intrductins, which ften cnsume mre f the meeting than the things t be discussed,” he says. He was frustrated by this custm when he first mved t the island natin. “Yu eventually learn that it is hard t draw the line between business and persnal life,” he says. “Warm and friendly relatinships can be the difference between a deal r n deal with the Bahraini.”
Ganti’s current jb with Merck takes him thrughut Latin America. While each cuntry presents its wn cultural puzzle t figure ut, Ganti has fund that cultures have a lt in cmmn. In many parts f Latin America, fr instance, giving straight advice r criticism in cnversatin isn’t typical. T make a pint, he did just that in meetings, and attendees were ften shcked. “I’m usually sent t places where change is needed,” Ganti says. “Yu have t make changes.”
1. Hw d Indians differ frm the Japanese accrding t Ganti?
A. They dislike being interrupted.B. They seem nervus in business meetings.
C. They easily accept silence.D. They usually talk excitedly.
2. What had the freigners ging t Japan expected accrding t paragraph 2?
A. They wuld have a very interesting meeting.
B. They culd get their tasks dne sn.
C. They culd leave Japan the next day.
D. They wuld be invited t dinner.
3. What upset Saburi when he first wrked in Bahrain?
A. Bahrainis value relatinships very highly.
B. There are a lt f lng business meetings.
C. Persnal intrductins are ften ignred.
D. Wrk is mre imprtant than life there.
4. What des Ganti find abut many Latin Americans?
A. They are generally willing t accept new ideas.
B. They like t slve puzzles in their spare time.
C. They hardly ever make cmments n thers.
D. They seldm express their views directly.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是美国的Lawrence Ganti在日本、中东以及拉丁美洲所感受到的文化差异。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“When his wrk with Merck, a cmpany that develps treatments fr many f the wrld’s mst challenging diseases, first tk him t Japan, he was struck by hw cmfrtable his Japanese c-wrkers were with silence.(当他在默克公司(Merck)工作，第一次去日本时，他被他的日本同事对沉默的适应程度所震惊。默克公司为世界上许多最具挑战性的疾病开发治疗方法)”和“Surprisingly, when he next lived in India, he fund cnversatins were typically lively, lud and full f interruptins (打岔).(令人惊讶的是，当他再次住在印度时，他发现人们的谈话通常是生动的、大声的，而且充满了打断)”可知，印度人和日本人的不同在于印度人通常兴奋地交谈。故选D。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“In Japan, nthing might be achieved in the first meeting, and n real prgress may be made until the parties sit dwn fr a lunch r dinner.(在日本，第一次会谈可能一事无成，直到各方坐下来共进午餐或晚餐，才有可能取得真正的进展)”可推知，去日本的外国人会被邀请共进晚餐，因为只有各方坐下来共进午餐或晚餐，事情才会有真正的进展。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““Meetings can require persnal intrductins, which ften cnsume mre f the meeting than the things t be discussed,” he says. He was frustrated by this custm when he first mved t the island natin. “Yu eventually learn that it is hard t draw the line between business and persnal life,” he says. “Warm and friendly relatinships can be the difference between a deal r n deal with the Bahraini.”(他表示：“会议可能需要进行个人介绍，这往往比要讨论的事情占用了更多的会议时间。”当他刚搬到这个岛国时，他对这种习俗感到沮丧。他说：“你最终会发现，很难在工作和个人生活之间划清界限。”“能否与巴林达成协议的关键可能是温馨友好的关系。”)”可知，当Saburi第一次在巴林工作时，让他沮丧的是巴林人非常重视人际关系。故选A。
4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In many parts f Latin America, fr instance, giving straight advice r criticism in cnversatin isn’t typical.(例如，在拉丁美洲的许多地方，在谈话中直接给出建议或批评并不常见)”可知，Ganti发现许多拉丁美洲人很少直接表达自己的观点。故选D。
5. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“When his wrk with Merck, a cmpany that develps treatments fr many f the wrld’s mst challenging diseases, first tk him t Japan, he was struck by hw cmfrtable his Japanese c-wrkers were with silence.(当他在默克公司(Merck)工作时，第一次去日本时，他被他的日本同事对沉默的适应程度所震惊。默克公司为世界上许多最具挑战性的疾病开发治疗方法)”，倒数第二段的““Meetings can require persnal intrductins, which ften cnsume mre f the meeting than the things t be discussed,” he says. He was frustrated by this custm when he first mved t the island natin. “Yu eventually learn that it is hard t draw the line between business and persnal life,” he says. “Warm and friendly relatinships can be the difference between a deal r n deal with the Bahraini.”(他表示:“会议可能需要进行个人介绍，这往往比要讨论的事情占用了更多的会议时间。”当他刚搬到这个岛国时，他对这种习俗感到沮丧。他说:“你最终会发现，很难在工作和个人生活之间划清界限。”“能否与巴林达成协议的关键可能是温馨友好的关系。”)”和最后一段的“In many parts f Latin America, fr instance, giving straight advice r criticism in cnversatin isn’t typical.(例如，在拉丁美洲的许多地方，在谈话中直接给出建议或批评并不常见)”可知，本文主要讲的是美国的Lawrence Ganti在日本、中东以及拉丁美洲所感受到的文化差异，因此作者写本文的目的是谈论文化差异。故选C。
五、（2022-2023学年下学期·河北保定高一期末）完形填空
We had had the hmeless dg since he was just a few days ld. My husband, Phil, had brught him hme frm the street. He seemed weak. He rested his head n my 1 s I remained seated and didn’t 2 t raise my leg fr fear f disturbing him. “Stp it,”I laughed as he drank frm a bttle I held.
As the little dg lked up at me, his helpless eyes 3 my heart. D I have him as ur 4 r let him g? His eyes 5 my thught f driving him away. “I’m nt 6 t leave him alne,” I said t Phil. “Well, just 7 him,” he respnded. S we drve him t a pet hspital t have a 8 . Luckily, he was healthy except fr a little hunger.
Then the little dg 9 ur family. I liked him even mre as he 10 . He was s friendly. He always greeted us by wagging his tails and played with ur baby. We were 11 t him, s we called him Hney. We gt s attached t Hney that it was hard fr us t 12 urselves frm him.
When he was ne year ld, he was attacked by a terrible 13 . I spent lng nights nursing him, and 14 , he recvered frm the serius illness. I breathed a sign f 15 . Hney turned int a big dg, and he was strng enugh t vercme the illness.
1. A. lapB. faceC. armD. head
2. A. refuseB. hesitateC. dareD. hpe
3. A. representedB. prvedC. damagedD. tuched
4. A. fdB. petC. assistantD. incme
5. A. shkB. frgaveC. cnfirmedD. caused
6. A. prudB. nervusC. determinedD. disappinted
7. A. buyB. sellC. thrwD. keep
8. A. truble-makerB. check-upC. breakD. bath
9. A. lked intB. set upC. belnged tD. pulled dwn
10. A. fellB. grewC. quitD. left
11. A. devtedB. ppsedC. senirD. rude
12. A. prtectB. trackC. feedD. distance
13. A. diseaseB. earthquakeC. neighbrD. animal
14. A. previuslyB. eventuallyC. impssiblyD. unwillingly
15. A. cnfusinB. lssC. relieflneD. sadness
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B
11. A 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了作者收养流浪狗 Hney的故事。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把头靠在我的腿上，所以我一直坐着，不敢抬腿，生怕打扰到他。A. lap大腿；B. face脸；C. arm胳膊；D. head头。由下文“s I remained seated”可知，这只狗把头靠在我的腿上，所以我一直坐着，不敢抬腿，怕打扰到他。 故选A。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把头靠在我的腿上，所以我一直坐着，不敢抬腿，生怕打扰到他。A. refuse拒绝；B. hesitate犹豫；C. dare敢；D. hpe希望。由下文“fr fear f disturbing him”可知，我怕打扰到他，所以不敢抬腿，故选C。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小狗抬头看着我，无助的眼神触动了我的心。A. represented代表；B. prved证明；C. damaged伤害；D. tuched触摸；触动。由下文“D I have him”可知，我想留下这只狗，这说明小狗无助的眼神触动了我的心。故选D。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是把它当宠物养，还是放他走？A. fd食物；B. pet宠物；C. assistant助手；D. incme收入。由下文“r let him g”可知，我在纠结是让狗留下当宠物还是放他走。故选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的眼神动摇了我赶他走的念头。A. shk摇晃；动摇；B. frgave原谅；C. cnfirmed确认；D. caused引起。由下文“I’m nt_________ t leave him alne”可知，我不想不管这只狗，即想把他留下来，所以说他的眼神动摇了我赶他走的念头，故选A。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对 Phil说：“我没有下定决心不管他。”A. prud骄傲的；B. nervus紧张的；C. determined有决心的；D. disappinted失望的。下文描述“He always greeted us by wagging his tails and played with ur baby.”我们将狗留下可知，我没有下定决心不管他，be determined t d固定搭配，意为“下定决心做某事”，故选C。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，就留着他吧，”他回答道。A. buy买；B. sell卖；C. thrw扔；D. keep保持；留下。上文““I’m nt_________ t leave him alne””我对Phil说：“我没有下定决心不管他。”以及下文提到收留了这只狗可知，丈夫同意我把他留下，故选D。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我们开车送他去宠物医院检查。A. truble-maker捣乱者；B. check-up检查；C. break休息；裂缝；D. bath沐浴。由上文“S we drve him t a pet hspital t have a ”和下文“Luckily, he was healthy except fr a little hunger.”可知，我们开车送他去宠物医院做检查。故选B。
9. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那么这只小狗就属于我们家的了。A. lked int调查；B. set up建立；C. belnged t属于；D. pulled dwn推倒。上文提到我们决定收留这只狗，带他去宠物医院做了检查可知，这只小狗属于我们家了。故选C。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他长大了，我更喜欢他了。A. fell掉落；B. grew成长；C. quit辞职；D. left离开。随着他的成长，我更喜欢他了。由上文“I liked him even mre as he”可知，这只狗长大了，我更加喜欢他了，故选B。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都深爱着他，所以我们叫他 Hney。A. devted忠诚的；挚爱的；B. ppsed反对的；C. senir年长的；D. rude粗鲁的。由下文“We gt s attached t Hney”可知，我们都深爱着这只狗。故选A。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对Hney是那么的依恋以至于我们很难与他分开。 A. prtect保护；B. track跟踪；C. feed喂养；D. distance远离。由上文“We gt s attached t Hney that it was hard fr us”可知，我们对Hney是那么的依恋以至于我们很难与他分开。 故选D。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他一岁的时候，他得了一种可怕的疾病。A. disease疾病；B. earthquake地震；C. neighbr邻居；D. animal动物。由下文“ he recvered frm the serius illness”可知，他得了一种可怕的疾病。故选A。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我整夜地照顾他，最终，他康复了。A. previusly先前地；B. eventually最终；C. impssibly不可能地；D. unwillingly不乐意地。由上文“I spent lng nights nursing him,”和下文“he recvered frm the serius illness”可知，在我的照顾下，最终，他康复了。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我松了一 口气。A. cnfusin困惑；B. lss迷失；C. relief安慰；D. sadness悲伤。由上文“he recvered frm the serius illness. ”可知，Hney康复了，所以我松了一 口气。故选C。
六、（2022-2023学年下学期·山东滨州高一期末）应用文写作
假如你是李华。高二开学之初，你的英语老师Ms Li希望了解同学们的英语学习情况，并征求教学建议。请按以下要点用英语给她写一封信。
1. 对英语学习的认识；
2. 自己英语学习中存在的主要问题；
3. 对英语教学的两点建议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ms Li,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Ms Li,
I want t take this pprtunity t share with yu my thughts abut English language learning and teaching.
I believe in the imprtance f learning English in tday’s glbalized wrld. It pens up cuntless pprtunities fr cmmunicatin, career prspects, and cultural understanding. Hwever, I find myself struggling with cmprehensin and fluency in spken English. Smetimes, I hesitate t speak in class because I’m afraid f making mistakes r sunding awkward.
In terms f English teaching, I have a cuple f suggestins. Firstly, it wuld be helpful t incrprate mre interactive activities int ur lessns. Fr example, rle plays can encurage us t practice speaking and build cnfidence. Secndly, prviding individual feedback n ur written wrk culd greatly enhance ur writing skills. Understanding ur strengths and weaknesses in writing will help us fcus n fields where we need imprvement.
Thank yu!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给英语老师Ms Li写信，需介绍个人对英语学习的认识，介绍个人在英语学习中存在的主要问题，并为英语教学提供两点建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
想法：thught→view, idea, pinin
重要性：imprtance→significance, gravity
无数的：cuntless→numberless, numerus, innumerable
但是：hwever→nevertheless, nnetheless
害怕：be afraid f→be scared f, be frightened f
就……而言：in terms f→as fr, as t, as regards, in the matter f
有帮助的：helpful→useful, beneficial, cnstructive
例如：fr example→fr instance, t illustrate
鼓励：encurage→inspire, mtivate
提高：enhance→imprve, sharpen
专注于：fcus n→pay attentin t, cncentrate n
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I believe in the imprtance f learning English in tday’s glbalized wrld.
拓展句：I believe that learning English is imprtant in tday’s glbalized wrld.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Smetimes, I hesitate t speak in class because I’m afraid f making mistakes r sunding awkward. (运用了从属连词because引导原因状语从句、r连接动名词短语making…和sunding…作f的宾语)
[高分句型2]Firstly, it wuld be helpful t incrprate mre interactive activities int ur lessns. (运用了it作形式主语、不定式短语t incrprate…作真正的主语)
[高分句型3]Understanding ur strengths and weaknesses in writing will help us fcus n fields where we need imprvement. (运用了动名词短语Understanding…作句子的主语、关系副词where引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词fields)
分层练习
语言知识
一、（2024·高一课时练习）单项选择
1．The yung mther tells everyne that she has a clever by ______ she is prud.
A．f him B．wh C．f whm D．that
2．On her birthday, she received a nice present frm her parents _______ a nte was attached, saying “We lve yu s much.”
A．frm which B．t which C．in which D．by which
3．The building was designed t shw the cnnectin between nature and the mdern city envirnment ________ it sits.
A．that B．in that C．which D．in which
4．We saw a flck f sparrws and Dad said that they had a wide ________ thrughut the cuntry.
A．distributin B．pssessin C．prfessin D．platfrm
5．Histry dcuments the lng-term vigur and success f multicultural grups ________peple frm numerus and varius cultural backgrunds live and wrk tgether.
A．which B．whse C．in which D．f which
【答案】
1．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位年轻的母亲告诉大家，她有一个她为之感到骄傲的聪明的男孩。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“by”，指人，“be prud f…”意为“为……感到骄傲”，将先行词带入从句后作介词“f”的宾语，故应用“介词f +关系代词whm”引导从句，故空格处应填“f whm”。故选C项。
2．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在她生日那天，她收到了父母送给她的一份精美的礼物，上面有一张纸条，写着“我们非常爱你。”句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为present（礼物），根据从句中的was attached可知，先行词作be attached t的宾语，将t提到从句句首，其后用关系代词which指代先行词。故选B项。
3．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该建筑旨在展示自然和它所处的现代城市环境之间的联系。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the mdern city envirnment，介词in+which引导从句，关系代词which替代先行词。the mdern city envirnment in which it sits意为“它所处的现代城市环境”。故选D项。
4．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。A. distributin分布，分发；B. pssessin拥有，持有；C. prfessin职业；D. platfrm平台。结合空后的“thrughut the cuntry”可知，此处指它们分布在全国各地。故选A项。
5．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：历史记录了多元文化群体的长期活力和成功，来自众多不同文化背景的人在其中生活和工作。句中先行词为grups，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where或介词in which引导。故选C。
二、（2024·高一课时练习）词性转换
1．vercme vt.&vi.克服，战胜；受到……的极大影响→ ________使某人受不了……，被……击跨
2．cncern n.担心；关心vt.与……有关；涉及→ ________prep.关于
3．cnstruct vt.建设；修建→ ________n.建造；建设
4．prtect… frm/against…保护……不受……（危害）→ ________n.保护→ ________adj.保护的，防护的
5．wander vi.&&n.漫游；闲逛；游荡→ ________n.流浪者→ ________n.奇迹；惊奇 v.感到诧异；想知道
6．lcate v. 确定……的位置→ ________adj.处于，位于 ________n.位置
【答案】
1．be vercme by…##be vercme with… 2．Cncerning 3．cnstructin
4． prtectin prtective 5． wanderer wnder
6． lcated lcatin
【解析】
1．vercme“克服，战胜”，动词，相关表达be vercme by/with，表示“使某人受不了……，被……击跨”。故填be vercme by…##be vercme with…。
2．cncern“担心；关心；与……有关；涉及”，名词或动词，其介词形式为cncerning“关于”。故填cncerning。
3．cnstruct“建设；修建”，动词，其名词形式为cnstructin“建造；建设”。故填cnstructin。
4．prtect… frm/against…“保护……不受……（危害）”，其中prtect“保护”，动词，其名词形式为prtectin“保护”，其形容词形式为prtective“保护的，防护的”。故填①prtectin②prtective。
5．wander “漫游；闲逛；游荡”，动词和名词，其名词wanderer“流浪者”，另有一个形近词wnder作名词，表示“奇迹；惊奇” ；作动词，表示“感到诧异；想知道”，。故填①wanderer②wnder。
6．lcate“确定……的位置“，动词，其形容词形式lcated“处于，位于”，名词形式lcatin“位置”。故填①lcated②lcatin。
三、（2024·高一课时练习）完成句子
1．This is the ring ________________.这就是她花了一千美元买的戒指。
2．I will never frget the year ________________.我永远不会忘了我们乐队成立的那一年。
3．This is the iPad ________________.这就是我花了三千元买的iPad.
4．They visited the city ________________.他们参观了约翰·丹佛出生的那个城市。
5．I dn’t like the way ________________.我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。
6．Peple’s skin acts as a b________ against disease, pisns and the sun’s harmful rays. (根据首字母单词拼写)
7．Our tp ________ (头等大事) is t imprve standards. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
8．If yu finish reading the bk, (放回原处） it n the shelf, please.
9．These are gd c_______ (渠道) thrugh which yu can make yur vice heard.
10．As we parked by the radside, the heavy trucks kept t______ (轰隆隆地快速移动) past. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】
1．n which she spent 1, 000 dllars
【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。分析可知，空白处要用定语从句。固定短语：spend mney n sth.“在某物上花钱”，结合汉语提示，表示“她花1000美元买了戒指”用she spent 1000 dllars n the ring.句中ring为先行词，作介词n的宾语，所以可以用n which来引导定语从句，故填n which she spent 1, 000 dllars.
2．when/in which ur band started
【详解】考查定语从句。结合句意可知，缺少“我们乐队成立”，使用定语从句修饰先行词the year，且先行词在从句中作状语，用when或in which引导，从句主语是ur band，公司成立是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词是started。故填when/in which ur band started。
n which I spent 3, 000 yuan
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“在上我花了三千元”，可用定语从句修饰iPad，“在上花多少钱”是固定短语spend sme mney n sth.，“三千元”是3, 000 yuan，“花钱”是过去的动作，因此时态用一般过去时，定语从句用“介词+which”来引导，因此空格处翻译为n which I spent 3, 000 yuan。故填n which I spent 3, 000 yuan。
4．where/in which Jhn Denver was brn
【详解】考查定语从句。结合句意可知缺少“约翰·丹佛出生的”，使用定语从句修饰先行词 the city ，且先行词在从句中作状语，用where或in which引导，从句主语是Jhn Denver，第三人称单数，结合主句的visited，可知时态是一般过去时，所以“出生”用was brn。故填where/in which Jhn Denver was brn。
5．(that/in which) yu speak t yur parents
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。 speak t sb.和某人讲话。句中先行词为the way，在定语从句中作状语。引导定语从句可用关系代词that，也可用in which，或什么都不用。根据主句时态可知，用一般现在时。故填(that/in which) yu speak t yur parents。
6．barrier
【详解】考查名词。句意：人的皮肤是抵御疾病、毒素和太阳有害射线的屏障。根据单词首字母以及句意“屏障”可知应填名词barrier，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填barrier。
7．pririty
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的首要任务是提高标准。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为pririty；设空处在句中作主语，应用名词的形式，根据谓语is，可知设空处应用名词单数的形式。故填pririty。
8．replace
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你看完这本书，请把它放回到架子上。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为replace“放回原处”；分析句子的结构可知，本句是一个复合句，后面的主句是一个祈使句，所以把动词原形放在句首。故填replace。
9．channels
【详解】考查名词。句意：通过这些好的渠道，你可以让别人听到你的声音。根据汉语提示“渠道”和首字母“c”可知，此处为名词channel作表语，该句主语是these，此处应用名词复数形式，故填channels。
10．thundering
【详解】考查动词。句意：当我们把车停在路边时，重型卡车轰隆隆地快速驶过。根据中英文提示可知，此处应用动词thunder，固定短语keep ding sth.“一直做某事”。故填thundering。
知识应用
（2022-2023学年下学期·福建福州·高一期末）阅读理解
Lawrence Ganti frm the US has lived in Switzerland, Japan, and India. When his wrk with Merck, a cmpany that develps treatments fr many f the wrld’s mst challenging diseases, first tk him t Japan, he was struck by hw cmfrtable his Japanese c-wrkers were with silence. During meetings in the US, peple are usually uneasy with quiet and fill a quiet perid with talk. Nt s in Japan. “Yu dn’t break the silence unless yu have smething imprtant t say,” says Ganti. Surprisingly, when he next lived in India, he fund cnversatins were typically lively, lud and full f interruptins(打岔). “Silence is never expected,” he says.
The Japanese value the building f trust and relatinships, Ganti adds. In Japan, nthing might be achieved in the first meeting, and n real prgress may be made until the parties sit dwn fr a lunch r dinner. Ganti remembers greeting freigners wh flew t Japan with the intentin f hlding their meeting and flying ut that same day. “It’s just a half-hur discussin,” they tld him. He replied, “That half-hur discussin wn’t g anywhere.”
Cyrus Saburi frm New Jersey, the US, had similar experiences in the Middle East. He lives in Bahrain, where he wrks fr American Express Middle East. “Meetings can require persnal intrductins, which ften cnsume mre f the meeting than the things t be discussed,” he says. He was frustrated by this custm when he first mved t the island natin. “Yu eventually learn that it is hard t draw the line between business and persnal life,” he says. “Warm and friendly relatinships can be the difference between a deal r n deal with the Bahraini.”
Ganti’s current jb with Merck takes him thrughut Latin America. While each cuntry presents its wn cultural puzzle t figure ut, Ganti has fund that cultures have a lt in cmmn. In many parts f Latin America, fr instance, giving straight advice r criticism in cnversatin isn’t typical. T make a pint, he did just that in meetings, and attendees were ften shcked. “I’m usually sent t places where change is needed,” Ganti says. “Yu have t make changes.”
1. Hw d Indians differ frm the Japanese accrding t Ganti?
A. They dislike being interrupted.B. They seem nervus in business meetings.
C. They easily accept silence.D. They usually talk excitedly.
2. What had the freigners ging t Japan expected accrding t paragraph 2?
A. They wuld have a very interesting meeting.
B. They culd get their tasks dne sn.
C. They culd leave Japan the next day.
D. They wuld be invited t dinner.
3. What upset Saburi when he first wrked in Bahrain?
A. Bahrainis value relatinships very highly.
B. There are a lt f lng business meetings.
C. Persnal intrductins are ften ignred.
D. Wrk is mre imprtant than life there.
4. What des Ganti find abut many Latin Americans?
A. They are generally willing t accept new ideas.
B. They like t slve puzzles in their spare time.
C. They hardly ever make cmments n thers.
D. They seldm express their views directly.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是美国的Lawrence Ganti在日本、中东以及拉丁美洲所感受到的文化差异。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“When his wrk with Merck, a cmpany that develps treatments fr many f the wrld’s mst challenging diseases, first tk him t Japan, he was struck by hw cmfrtable his Japanese c-wrkers were with silence.(当他在默克公司(Merck)工作，第一次去日本时，他被他的日本同事对沉默的适应程度所震惊。默克公司为世界上许多最具挑战性的疾病开发治疗方法)”和“Surprisingly, when he next lived in India, he fund cnversatins were typically lively, lud and full f interruptins (打岔).(令人惊讶的是，当他再次住在印度时，他发现人们的谈话通常是生动的、大声的，而且充满了打断)”可知，印度人和日本人的不同在于印度人通常兴奋地交谈。故选D。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“In Japan, nthing might be achieved in the first meeting, and n real prgress may be made until the parties sit dwn fr a lunch r dinner.(在日本，第一次会谈可能一事无成，直到各方坐下来共进午餐或晚餐，才有可能取得真正的进展)”可推知，去日本的外国人会被邀请共进晚餐，因为只有各方坐下来共进午餐或晚餐，事情才会有真正的进展。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““Meetings can require persnal intrductins, which ften cnsume mre f the meeting than the things t be discussed,” he says. He was frustrated by this custm when he first mved t the island natin. “Yu eventually learn that it is hard t draw the line between business and persnal life,” he says. “Warm and friendly relatinships can be the difference between a deal r n deal with the Bahraini.”(他表示：“会议可能需要进行个人介绍，这往往比要讨论的事情占用了更多的会议时间。”当他刚搬到这个岛国时，他对这种习俗感到沮丧。他说：“你最终会发现，很难在工作和个人生活之间划清界限。”“能否与巴林达成协议的关键可能是温馨友好的关系。”)”可知，当Saburi第一次在巴林工作时，让他沮丧的是巴林人非常重视人际关系。故选A。
4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In many parts f Latin America, fr instance, giving straight advice r criticism in cnversatin isn’t typical.(例如，在拉丁美洲的许多地方，在谈话中直接给出建议或批评并不常见)”可知，Ganti发现许多拉丁美洲人很少直接表达自己的观点。故选D。
5. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“When his wrk with Merck, a cmpany that develps treatments fr many f the wrld’s mst challenging diseases, first tk him t Japan, he was struck by hw cmfrtable his Japanese c-wrkers were with silence.(当他在默克公司(Merck)工作时，第一次去日本时，他被他的日本同事对沉默的适应程度所震惊。默克公司为世界上许多最具挑战性的疾病开发治疗方法)”，倒数第二段的““Meetings can require persnal intrductins, which ften cnsume mre f the meeting than the things t be discussed,” he says. He was frustrated by this custm when he first mved t the island natin. “Yu eventually learn that it is hard t draw the line between business and persnal life,” he says. “Warm and friendly relatinships can be the difference between a deal r n deal with the Bahraini.”(他表示:“会议可能需要进行个人介绍，这往往比要讨论的事情占用了更多的会议时间。”当他刚搬到这个岛国时，他对这种习俗感到沮丧。他说:“你最终会发现，很难在工作和个人生活之间划清界限。”“能否与巴林达成协议的关键可能是温馨友好的关系。”)”和最后一段的“In many parts f Latin America, fr instance, giving straight advice r criticism in cnversatin isn’t typical.(例如，在拉丁美洲的许多地方，在谈话中直接给出建议或批评并不常见)”可知，本文主要讲的是美国的Lawrence Ganti在日本、中东以及拉丁美洲所感受到的文化差异，因此作者写本文的目的是谈论文化差异。故选C。
五、（2022-2023学年下学期·河北保定高一期末）完形填空
We had had the hmeless dg since he was just a few days ld. My husband, Phil, had brught him hme frm the street. He seemed weak. He rested his head n my 1 s I remained seated and didn’t 2 t raise my leg fr fear f disturbing him. “Stp it,”I laughed as he drank frm a bttle I held.
As the little dg lked up at me, his helpless eyes 3 my heart. D I have him as ur 4 r let him g? His eyes 5 my thught f driving him away. “I’m nt 6 t leave him alne,” I said t Phil. “Well, just 7 him,” he respnded. S we drve him t a pet hspital t have a 8 . Luckily, he was healthy except fr a little hunger.
Then the little dg 9 ur family. I liked him even mre as he 10 . He was s friendly. He always greeted us by wagging his tails and played with ur baby. We were 11 t him, s we called him Hney. We gt s attached t Hney that it was hard fr us t 12 urselves frm him.
When he was ne year ld, he was attacked by a terrible 13 . I spent lng nights nursing him, and 14 , he recvered frm the serius illness. I breathed a sign f 15 . Hney turned int a big dg, and he was strng enugh t vercme the illness.
1. A. lapB. faceC. armD. head
2. A. refuseB. hesitateC. dareD. hpe
3. A. representedB. prvedC. damagedD. tuched
4. A. fdB. petC. assistantD. incme
5. A. shkB. frgaveC. cnfirmedD. caused
6. A. prudB. nervusC. determinedD. disappinted
7. A. buyB. sellC. thrwD. keep
8. A. truble-makerB. check-upC. breakD. bath
9. A. lked intB. set upC. belnged tD. pulled dwn
10. A. fellB. grewC. quitD. left
11. A. devtedB. ppsedC. senirD. rude
12. A. prtectB. trackC. feedD. distance
13. A. diseaseB. earthquakeC. neighbrD. animal
14. A. previuslyB. eventuallyC. impssiblyD. unwillingly
15. A. cnfusinB. lssC. relieflneD. sadness
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B
11. A 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了作者收养流浪狗 Hney的故事。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把头靠在我的腿上，所以我一直坐着，不敢抬腿，生怕打扰到他。A. lap大腿；B. face脸；C. arm胳膊；D. head头。由下文“s I remained seated”可知，这只狗把头靠在我的腿上，所以我一直坐着，不敢抬腿，怕打扰到他。 故选A。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把头靠在我的腿上，所以我一直坐着，不敢抬腿，生怕打扰到他。A. refuse拒绝；B. hesitate犹豫；C. dare敢；D. hpe希望。由下文“fr fear f disturbing him”可知，我怕打扰到他，所以不敢抬腿，故选C。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小狗抬头看着我，无助的眼神触动了我的心。A. represented代表；B. prved证明；C. damaged伤害；D. tuched触摸；触动。由下文“D I have him”可知，我想留下这只狗，这说明小狗无助的眼神触动了我的心。故选D。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是把它当宠物养，还是放他走？A. fd食物；B. pet宠物；C. assistant助手；D. incme收入。由下文“r let him g”可知，我在纠结是让狗留下当宠物还是放他走。故选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的眼神动摇了我赶他走的念头。A. shk摇晃；动摇；B. frgave原谅；C. cnfirmed确认；D. caused引起。由下文“I’m nt_________ t leave him alne”可知，我不想不管这只狗，即想把他留下来，所以说他的眼神动摇了我赶他走的念头，故选A。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对 Phil说：“我没有下定决心不管他。”A. prud骄傲的；B. nervus紧张的；C. determined有决心的；D. disappinted失望的。下文描述“He always greeted us by wagging his tails and played with ur baby.”我们将狗留下可知，我没有下定决心不管他，be determined t d固定搭配，意为“下定决心做某事”，故选C。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，就留着他吧，”他回答道。A. buy买；B. sell卖；C. thrw扔；D. keep保持；留下。上文““I’m nt_________ t leave him alne””我对Phil说：“我没有下定决心不管他。”以及下文提到收留了这只狗可知，丈夫同意我把他留下，故选D。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我们开车送他去宠物医院检查。A. truble-maker捣乱者；B. check-up检查；C. break休息；裂缝；D. bath沐浴。由上文“S we drve him t a pet hspital t have a ”和下文“Luckily, he was healthy except fr a little hunger.”可知，我们开车送他去宠物医院做检查。故选B。
9. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那么这只小狗就属于我们家的了。A. lked int调查；B. set up建立；C. belnged t属于；D. pulled dwn推倒。上文提到我们决定收留这只狗，带他去宠物医院做了检查可知，这只小狗属于我们家了。故选C。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他长大了，我更喜欢他了。A. fell掉落；B. grew成长；C. quit辞职；D. left离开。随着他的成长，我更喜欢他了。由上文“I liked him even mre as he”可知，这只狗长大了，我更加喜欢他了，故选B。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都深爱着他，所以我们叫他 Hney。A. devted忠诚的；挚爱的；B. ppsed反对的；C. senir年长的；D. rude粗鲁的。由下文“We gt s attached t Hney”可知，我们都深爱着这只狗。故选A。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对Hney是那么的依恋以至于我们很难与他分开。 A. prtect保护；B. track跟踪；C. feed喂养；D. distance远离。由上文“We gt s attached t Hney that it was hard fr us”可知，我们对Hney是那么的依恋以至于我们很难与他分开。 故选D。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他一岁的时候，他得了一种可怕的疾病。A. disease疾病；B. earthquake地震；C. neighbr邻居；D. animal动物。由下文“ he recvered frm the serius illness”可知，他得了一种可怕的疾病。故选A。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我整夜地照顾他，最终，他康复了。A. previusly先前地；B. eventually最终；C. impssibly不可能地；D. unwillingly不乐意地。由上文“I spent lng nights nursing him,”和下文“he recvered frm the serius illness”可知，在我的照顾下，最终，他康复了。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我松了一 口气。A. cnfusin困惑；B. lss迷失；C. relief安慰；D. sadness悲伤。由上文“he recvered frm the serius illness. ”可知，Hney康复了，所以我松了一 口气。故选C。
六、（2022-2023学年下学期·山东滨州高一期末）应用文写作
假如你是李华。高二开学之初，你的英语老师Ms Li希望了解同学们的英语学习情况，并征求教学建议。请按以下要点用英语给她写一封信。
1. 对英语学习的认识；
2. 自己英语学习中存在的主要问题；
3. 对英语教学的两点建议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ms Li,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Ms Li,
I want t take this pprtunity t share with yu my thughts abut English language learning and teaching.
I believe in the imprtance f learning English in tday’s glbalized wrld. It pens up cuntless pprtunities fr cmmunicatin, career prspects, and cultural understanding. Hwever, I find myself struggling with cmprehensin and fluency in spken English. Smetimes, I hesitate t speak in class because I’m afraid f making mistakes r sunding awkward.
In terms f English teaching, I have a cuple f suggestins. Firstly, it wuld be helpful t incrprate mre interactive activities int ur lessns. Fr example, rle plays can encurage us t practice speaking and build cnfidence. Secndly, prviding individual feedback n ur written wrk culd greatly enhance ur writing skills. Understanding ur strengths and weaknesses in writing will help us fcus n fields where we need imprvement.
Thank yu!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给英语老师Ms Li写信，需介绍个人对英语学习的认识，介绍个人在英语学习中存在的主要问题，并为英语教学提供两点建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
想法：thught→view, idea, pinin
重要性：imprtance→significance, gravity
无数的：cuntless→numberless, numerus, innumerable
但是：hwever→nevertheless, nnetheless
害怕：be afraid f→be scared f, be frightened f
就……而言：in terms f→as fr, as t, as regards, in the matter f
有帮助的：helpful→useful, beneficial, cnstructive
例如：fr example→fr instance, t illustrate
鼓励：encurage→inspire, mtivate
提高：enhance→imprve, sharpen
专注于：fcus n→pay attentin t, cncentrate n
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I believe in the imprtance f learning English in tday’s glbalized wrld.
拓展句：I believe that learning English is imprtant in tday’s glbalized wrld.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Smetimes, I hesitate t speak in class because I’m afraid f making mistakes r sunding awkward. (运用了从属连词because引导原因状语从句、r连接动名词短语making…和sunding…作f的宾语)
[高分句型2]Firstly, it wuld be helpful t incrprate mre interactive activities int ur lessns. (运用了it作形式主语、不定式短语t incrprate…作真正的主语)
[高分句型3]Understanding ur strengths and weaknesses in writing will help us fcus n fields where we need imprvement. (运用了动名词短语Understanding…作句子的主语、关系副词where引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词fields)
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